Assault (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Assault" in English language version.

Last modified: 16:00:45, 18 September 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

4141doi.org

2^nd place

179web.archive.org

1^st place

1515worldcat.org

4^th place

1514austlii.edu.au

1,563^rd place

725^th place

91canlii.org

5,817^th place

3,107^th place

66jstor.org

23^rd place

15^th place

33semanticscholar.org

15^th place

8^th place

33legislation.gov.uk

728^th place

375^th place

32un.org

117^th place

160^th place

33findlaw.com

2,070^th place

1,114^th place

22heinonline.org

3,098^th place

1,655^th place

22nih.gov

5^th place

22nigeria-law.org

low place

22justia.com

673^rd place

333^rd place

21state.pa.us

2,302^nd place

1,058^th place

11books.google.com

3^rd place

11hdl.handle.net

66^th place

34^th place

11fbi.gov

1,253^rd place

766^th place

11lawteacher.net

low place

11bailii.org

3,564^th place

1,705^th place

11findlaw.com.au

low place

11devgan.in

low place

11vakilno1.com

low place

11paclii.org

low place

9,489^th place

11aclu.org

5,691^st place

3,176^th place

11ncsl.org

6,928^th place

3,815^th place

11mi.gov

8,790^th place

4,235^th place

11state.sd.us

low place

11wa.gov

1,564^th place

741^st place

11mo.gov

2,582^nd place

1,191^st place

11iowa.gov

4,020^th place

1,889^th place

11nysenate.gov

low place

5,435^th place

11ghostarchive.org

64^th place

28^th place

11nytimes.com

7^th place

11new-york-lawyers.org

low place

11nd.gov

7,501^st place

3,946^th place

11lexisnexis.com

8,519^th place

4,727^th place

aclu.org (Global: 5,691^st place; English: 3,176^th place)

"Legislative Analysis of The Unborn Victims Of Violence Act". ACLU. American Civil Liberties Union. 18 February 2000. Retrieved 5 May 2021.

austlii.edu.au (Global: 1,563^rd place; English: 725^th place)

Darby v DPP [2004] NSWCA 431, (2004) 61 NSWLR 558, Court of Appeal (NSW, Australia).
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW).
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 27
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 33
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 33B
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 59
R v McIntyre [2009] NSWCCA 305, Court of Criminal Appeal (NSW, Australia).
Li v R [2005] NSWCCA 442, Court of Criminal Appeal (NSW, Australia).
R v Donovan [1934] 2 KB 498; (1934) 5 New Zealand Police Law Reports 247.
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 35(4).
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 35(2).
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 4.
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 25a
Crimes Act 1900 (NSW) s 25b

bailii.org (Global: 3,564^th place; English: 1,705^th place)

"Smart v. H. M. Advocate, [1975] ScotHC HCJ_1, 1975 SLT 65, 1975 JC 30". bailii.org. Retrieved 23 July 2018.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Meloy, J. Reid; Hoffmann, Jens (2021). International Handbook of Threat Assessment. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-094016-4.

canlii.org (Global: 5,817^th place; English: 3,107^th place)

"CanLII – Criminal Code, RSC 1985, c C-46". Canlii. Archived from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.

devgan.in (Global: low place; English: low place)

Indian Penal Code Chapter XVI

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

doi.org

FELSON, RICHARD B.; STEADMAN, HENRY J. (February 1983). "Situational Factors in Disputes Leading to Criminal Violence". Criminology. 21 (1): 59–74. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1983.tb00251.x. ISSN 0011-1384.
Reitz, Kevin R. (February 1993). "Sentencing Facts: Travesties of Real-Offense Sentencing". Stanford Law Review. 45 (3): 523–573. doi:10.2307/1229007. ISSN 0038-9765. JSTOR 1229007.
Tyler, Tom R.; Weber, Renee (1982). "Support for the Death Penalty; Instrumental Response to Crime, or Symbolic Attitude?". Law & Society Review. 17 (1): 21–45. doi:10.2307/3053531. ISSN 0023-9216. JSTOR 3053531.
Spohn, Cassia; Beichner, Dawn; Davis-Frenzel, Erika (May 2001). "Prosecutorial Justifications for Sexual Assault Case Rejection: Guarding the "Gateway to Justice"". Social Problems. 48 (2): 206–235. doi:10.1525/sp.2001.48.2.206. ISSN 0037-7791.
"14. Criminal Law (Ireland)". Annotated Legal Documents on Islam in Europe Online. doi:10.1163/2666-075x_ldio_com_16irl14. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Walby, Sylvia; Allen, Jonathan (2004). "Domestic Violence, Sexual Assault And Stalking: Findings from The British Crime Survey". PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e649462007-001. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Britt, Chester L.; Buzawa, Eve S.; Buzawa, Carl G. (July 1991). "Domestic Violence: The Criminal Justice Response". Contemporary Sociology. 20 (4): 597. doi:10.2307/2071841. ISSN 0094-3061. JSTOR 2071841.
Dripps, Donald A. (November 1992). "Beyond Rape: An Essay on the Difference between the Presence of Force and the Absence of Consent". Columbia Law Review. 92 (7): 1780–1809. doi:10.2307/1123045. ISSN 0010-1958. JSTOR 1123045.
"Criminal Violence In Sport", Modern Sports Law, Bloomsbury, 2010, pp. 173–217, doi:10.5040/9781509955640.ch-005, ISBN 978-1-8411-3685-1, retrieved 23 March 2023
Dripps, Donald A. mname (2018). "Why Rape Should Be a Federal Crime". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3095741. ISSN 1556-5068.
O'Neal, Edgar C. (1994). "Human aggression, second edition, edited by Robert A. Baron and Deborah R. Richardson. New York, Plenum, 1994, xx + 419 pp". Aggressive Behavior. 20 (6): 461–463. doi:10.1002/1098-2337(1994)20:6<461::aid-ab2480200606>3.0.co;2-o. ISSN 0096-140X.
Bidwell, Lee D. Millar; Barnett, Ola W.; Miller-Perrin, Cindy L.; Perrin, Robin (April 1997). "Family Violence across the Lifespan: An Introduction". Teaching Sociology. 25 (2): 198. doi:10.2307/1318672. ISSN 0092-055X. JSTOR 1318672.
Tjaden, Patricia; Thoennes, Nancy (2000). "Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence". PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e300342003-001. hdl:2027/mdp.39015042645401. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Gruszczyńska, Beata Z. (31 October 2013), "Women Victimization Risk of Violence in Poland", Organized Crime, Corruption and Crime Prevention, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 69–75, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01839-3_9, ISBN 978-3-319-01838-6, retrieved 23 March 2023
Gurr, Ted Robert (January 1981). "Historical Trends in Violent Crime: A Critical Review of the Evidence". Crime and Justice. 3: 295–353. doi:10.1086/449082. ISSN 0192-3234. S2CID 144948441.
Markowitz, Sara (March 2005). "Alcohol, Drugs and Violent Crime". International Review of Law and Economics. 25 (1): 20–44. doi:10.1016/j.irle.2005.05.003. ISSN 0144-8188.
DeLisi, Matt (2003). "Criminal careers behind bars". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 21 (5): 653–669. doi:10.1002/bsl.531. ISSN 0735-3936. PMID 14502694.
Bailey, Frankie Y. (September 1999). "Book Review: Street-Level Leadership: Discretion and Legitimacy in Front-Line Public Service". Criminal Justice Review. 24 (2): 218–220. doi:10.1177/073401689902400229. ISSN 0734-0168. S2CID 144571165.
Sherman, Lawrence W.; Rogan, Dennis P. (December 1995). "Effects of gun seizures on gun violence: "Hot spots" patrol in Kansas city". Justice Quarterly. 12 (4): 673–693. doi:10.1080/07418829500096241. ISSN 0741-8825.
Sherman, Lawrence W.; Berk, Richard A. (April 1984). "The Specific Deterrent Effects of Arrest for Domestic Assault". American Sociological Review. 49 (2): 261–272. doi:10.2307/2095575. ISSN 0003-1224. JSTOR 2095575. PMID 6742629.
Chambliss, William J. (15 May 2018). Power, Politics, and Crime. doi:10.4324/9780429498084. ISBN 9780429498084.
Atoki, Morayo (1995). "Assault and S 47 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861". The Journal of Criminal Law. 59 (3): 301. doi:10.1177/002201839505900307. S2CID 148828619.

dx.doi.org

FELSON, RICHARD B.; STEADMAN, HENRY J. (February 1983). "Situational Factors in Disputes Leading to Criminal Violence". Criminology. 21 (1): 59–74. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1983.tb00251.x. ISSN 0011-1384.
Reitz, Kevin R. (February 1993). "Sentencing Facts: Travesties of Real-Offense Sentencing". Stanford Law Review. 45 (3): 523–573. doi:10.2307/1229007. ISSN 0038-9765. JSTOR 1229007.
Spohn, Cassia; Beichner, Dawn; Davis-Frenzel, Erika (May 2001). "Prosecutorial Justifications for Sexual Assault Case Rejection: Guarding the "Gateway to Justice"". Social Problems. 48 (2): 206–235. doi:10.1525/sp.2001.48.2.206. ISSN 0037-7791.
"14. Criminal Law (Ireland)". Annotated Legal Documents on Islam in Europe Online. doi:10.1163/2666-075x_ldio_com_16irl14. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Walby, Sylvia; Allen, Jonathan (2004). "Domestic Violence, Sexual Assault And Stalking: Findings from The British Crime Survey". PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e649462007-001. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Britt, Chester L.; Buzawa, Eve S.; Buzawa, Carl G. (July 1991). "Domestic Violence: The Criminal Justice Response". Contemporary Sociology. 20 (4): 597. doi:10.2307/2071841. ISSN 0094-3061. JSTOR 2071841.
Dripps, Donald A. (November 1992). "Beyond Rape: An Essay on the Difference between the Presence of Force and the Absence of Consent". Columbia Law Review. 92 (7): 1780–1809. doi:10.2307/1123045. ISSN 0010-1958. JSTOR 1123045.
"Criminal Violence In Sport", Modern Sports Law, Bloomsbury, 2010, pp. 173–217, doi:10.5040/9781509955640.ch-005, ISBN 978-1-8411-3685-1, retrieved 23 March 2023
Dripps, Donald A. mname (2018). "Why Rape Should Be a Federal Crime". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3095741. ISSN 1556-5068.
O'Neal, Edgar C. (1994). "Human aggression, second edition, edited by Robert A. Baron and Deborah R. Richardson. New York, Plenum, 1994, xx + 419 pp". Aggressive Behavior. 20 (6): 461–463. doi:10.1002/1098-2337(1994)20:6<461::aid-ab2480200606>3.0.co;2-o. ISSN 0096-140X.
Bidwell, Lee D. Millar; Barnett, Ola W.; Miller-Perrin, Cindy L.; Perrin, Robin (April 1997). "Family Violence across the Lifespan: An Introduction". Teaching Sociology. 25 (2): 198. doi:10.2307/1318672. ISSN 0092-055X. JSTOR 1318672.
Tjaden, Patricia; Thoennes, Nancy (2000). "Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence". PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e300342003-001. hdl:2027/mdp.39015042645401. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Gruszczyńska, Beata Z. (31 October 2013), "Women Victimization Risk of Violence in Poland", Organized Crime, Corruption and Crime Prevention, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 69–75, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01839-3_9, ISBN 978-3-319-01838-6, retrieved 23 March 2023
Gurr, Ted Robert (January 1981). "Historical Trends in Violent Crime: A Critical Review of the Evidence". Crime and Justice. 3: 295–353. doi:10.1086/449082. ISSN 0192-3234. S2CID 144948441.
Markowitz, Sara (March 2005). "Alcohol, Drugs and Violent Crime". International Review of Law and Economics. 25 (1): 20–44. doi:10.1016/j.irle.2005.05.003. ISSN 0144-8188.
Bailey, Frankie Y. (September 1999). "Book Review: Street-Level Leadership: Discretion and Legitimacy in Front-Line Public Service". Criminal Justice Review. 24 (2): 218–220. doi:10.1177/073401689902400229. ISSN 0734-0168. S2CID 144571165.
Sherman, Lawrence W.; Rogan, Dennis P. (December 1995). "Effects of gun seizures on gun violence: "Hot spots" patrol in Kansas city". Justice Quarterly. 12 (4): 673–693. doi:10.1080/07418829500096241. ISSN 0741-8825.
Sherman, Lawrence W.; Berk, Richard A. (April 1984). "The Specific Deterrent Effects of Arrest for Domestic Assault". American Sociological Review. 49 (2): 261–272. doi:10.2307/2095575. ISSN 0003-1224. JSTOR 2095575. PMID 6742629.
Chambliss, William J. (15 May 2018). Power, Politics, and Crime. doi:10.4324/9780429498084. ISBN 9780429498084.

fbi.gov (Global: 1,253^rd place; English: 766^th place)

"Crime in the United States 2010: Aggravated Assault". Federal Bureau of Investigation.

findlaw.com (Global: 2,070^th place; English: 1,114^th place)

codes.lp.findlaw.com

"MONT CODE ANN § 45-5-201 : Montana Code – Section 45-5-201: Assault". Findlaw. Retrieved 10 May 2015.

codes.findlaw.com

"New York Consolidated Laws, Penal Law – PEN § 240.30 – FindLaw". findlaw.com. Retrieved 23 July 2018.

statelaws.findlaw.com

"New York Harassment Laws – FindLaw". findlaw.com. Retrieved 23 July 2018.

findlaw.com.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Assault Laws in Australia: Definitions and Defences". findlaw.com.au. Retrieved 12 March 2016.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

"Opinion – When Is a Threat a Criminal Act?". The New York Times. 5 December 2014. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2018.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Tjaden, Patricia; Thoennes, Nancy (2000). "Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence". PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e300342003-001. hdl:2027/mdp.39015042645401. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

heinonline.org (Global: 3,098^th place; English: 1,655^th place)

"Beyond Rape: An Essay on the Difference between the Presence of Force and the Absence of Consent". heinonline.org. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
Garfield, Leslie Yalof (2009). "The Case for a Criminal Law Theory of Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress". Criminal Law Brief. 5: 33.

iowa.gov (Global: 4,020^th place; English: 1,889^th place)

coolice.legis.iowa.gov

"Iowa Code 708". Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2015.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Reitz, Kevin R. (February 1993). "Sentencing Facts: Travesties of Real-Offense Sentencing". Stanford Law Review. 45 (3): 523–573. doi:10.2307/1229007. ISSN 0038-9765. JSTOR 1229007.
Tyler, Tom R.; Weber, Renee (1982). "Support for the Death Penalty; Instrumental Response to Crime, or Symbolic Attitude?". Law & Society Review. 17 (1): 21–45. doi:10.2307/3053531. ISSN 0023-9216. JSTOR 3053531.
Britt, Chester L.; Buzawa, Eve S.; Buzawa, Carl G. (July 1991). "Domestic Violence: The Criminal Justice Response". Contemporary Sociology. 20 (4): 597. doi:10.2307/2071841. ISSN 0094-3061. JSTOR 2071841.
Dripps, Donald A. (November 1992). "Beyond Rape: An Essay on the Difference between the Presence of Force and the Absence of Consent". Columbia Law Review. 92 (7): 1780–1809. doi:10.2307/1123045. ISSN 0010-1958. JSTOR 1123045.
Bidwell, Lee D. Millar; Barnett, Ola W.; Miller-Perrin, Cindy L.; Perrin, Robin (April 1997). "Family Violence across the Lifespan: An Introduction". Teaching Sociology. 25 (2): 198. doi:10.2307/1318672. ISSN 0092-055X. JSTOR 1318672.
Sherman, Lawrence W.; Berk, Richard A. (April 1984). "The Specific Deterrent Effects of Arrest for Domestic Assault". American Sociological Review. 49 (2): 261–272. doi:10.2307/2095575. ISSN 0003-1224. JSTOR 2095575. PMID 6742629.

justia.com (Global: 673^rd place; English: 333^rd place)

law.justia.com

lawteacher.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

(RvG ref 6. 1980): see "R v Brown (1993) 2 All ER 75". LawTeacher. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 17 September 2009.

legislation.gov.uk (Global: 728^th place; English: 375^th place)

"Children Act 2004: Section 58", legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives, 2004 c. 31 (s. 58)
Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament. Children (Abolition of Defence of Reasonable Punishment) (Wales) Act 2020 as amended (see also enacted form), from legislation.gov.uk. Section 1. This section came into force two years after the Act received royal assent (see section 5(1)).
Section 453A was inserted by section 81(2) of the Serious Crime Act 2007 and amended by paragraph 94 of Schedule 7 to the Policing and Crime Act 2009.

lexisnexis.com (Global: 8,519^th place; English: 4,727^th place)

"LexisNexis® Custom Solution: Tennessee Code Research Tool". Retrieved 10 May 2015.

mi.gov (Global: 8,790^th place; English: 4,235^th place)

legislature.mi.gov

See, e.g., "MCL 750.81d, Assaulting, battering, resisting, obstructing, opposing person performing duty; felony; penalty; other violations; consecutive terms; definitions". Michigan Legislature. State of Michigan. Retrieved 17 January 2019.

mo.gov (Global: 2,582^nd place; English: 1,191^st place)

moga.mo.gov

"Section 565-070 Until December 31, 2016—Assault in the". Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.

ncsl.org (Global: 6,928^th place; English: 3,815^th place)

"State Laws on Fetal Homicide and Penalty-enhancement for Crimes Against Pregnant Women". NCSL. National Conference of State Legislatures. 1 May 2018.

nd.gov (Global: 7,501^st place; English: 3,946^th place)

legis.nd.gov

"North Dakota Century Code t12.1c17" (PDF).

new-york-lawyers.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Second Degree Aggravated Harassment". The Law Office of Crotty & Saland. Retrieved 23 July 2018.

nigeria-law.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Criminal Code Act-PartV". Archived from the original on 24 November 2002. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
"Criminal Code Act-PartV". Archived from the original on 24 November 2002. Retrieved 10 May 2015.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

DeLisi, Matt (2003). "Criminal careers behind bars". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 21 (5): 653–669. doi:10.1002/bsl.531. ISSN 0735-3936. PMID 14502694.
Sherman, Lawrence W.; Berk, Richard A. (April 1984). "The Specific Deterrent Effects of Arrest for Domestic Assault". American Sociological Review. 49 (2): 261–272. doi:10.2307/2095575. ISSN 0003-1224. JSTOR 2095575. PMID 6742629.

nysenate.gov (Global: low place; English: 5,435^th place)

"Article 120 – NY Penal Law – Assault Menacing Stalking – Law". New York State Senate. Retrieved 15 March 2018.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

"Opinion – When Is a Threat a Criminal Act?". The New York Times. 5 December 2014. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 23 July 2018.

paclii.org (Global: low place; English: 9,489^th place)

www3.paclii.org

Criminal Code [31 MIRC Ch 1] Archived 13 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Gurr, Ted Robert (January 1981). "Historical Trends in Violent Crime: A Critical Review of the Evidence". Crime and Justice. 3: 295–353. doi:10.1086/449082. ISSN 0192-3234. S2CID 144948441.
Bailey, Frankie Y. (September 1999). "Book Review: Street-Level Leadership: Discretion and Legitimacy in Front-Line Public Service". Criminal Justice Review. 24 (2): 218–220. doi:10.1177/073401689902400229. ISSN 0734-0168. S2CID 144571165.
Atoki, Morayo (1995). "Assault and S 47 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861". The Journal of Criminal Law. 59 (3): 301. doi:10.1177/002201839505900307. S2CID 148828619.

state.pa.us (Global: 2,302^nd place; English: 1,058^th place)

legis.state.pa.us

"Chapter 27. - Title 18 - CRIMES AND OFFENSES". www.legis.state.pa.us. Retrieved 12 April 2022.

state.sd.us (Global: low place; English: low place)

legis.state.sd.us

"South Dakota Legislature". Retrieved 10 May 2015.

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

dataunodc.un.org

"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, crime-violent-offences, Serious assaults". Retrieved 13 August 2025.
"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, dp-sdg-16-1-3, Prevalence rate of physical assault (%)". dataUNODC. Retrieved 13 August 2025.

vakilno1.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Vakil No1.com – "Indian Penal Code"". Archived from the original on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.

wa.gov (Global: 1,564^th place; English: 741^st place)

apps.leg.wa.gov

"RCW 46.61.522: Vehicular assault — Penalty". Retrieved 10 May 2015.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

(RvG ref 6. 1980): see "R v Brown (1993) 2 All ER 75". LawTeacher. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 17 September 2009.
"CanLII – Criminal Code, RSC 1985, c C-46". Canlii. Archived from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
"Vakil No1.com – "Indian Penal Code"". Archived from the original on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
"Criminal Code Act-PartV". Archived from the original on 24 November 2002. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
"Criminal Code Act-PartV". Archived from the original on 24 November 2002. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
Criminal Code [31 MIRC Ch 1] Archived 13 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine
"Section 565-070 Until December 31, 2016—Assault in the". Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
"Iowa Code 708". Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
"KS Statutes: Ch 21 Article 34: Crimes Against Persons". 14 November 2007. Archived from the original on 14 November 2007. Retrieved 18 September 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

FELSON, RICHARD B.; STEADMAN, HENRY J. (February 1983). "Situational Factors in Disputes Leading to Criminal Violence". Criminology. 21 (1): 59–74. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1983.tb00251.x. ISSN 0011-1384.
Reitz, Kevin R. (February 1993). "Sentencing Facts: Travesties of Real-Offense Sentencing". Stanford Law Review. 45 (3): 523–573. doi:10.2307/1229007. ISSN 0038-9765. JSTOR 1229007.
Tyler, Tom R.; Weber, Renee (1982). "Support for the Death Penalty; Instrumental Response to Crime, or Symbolic Attitude?". Law & Society Review. 17 (1): 21–45. doi:10.2307/3053531. ISSN 0023-9216. JSTOR 3053531.
Spohn, Cassia; Beichner, Dawn; Davis-Frenzel, Erika (May 2001). "Prosecutorial Justifications for Sexual Assault Case Rejection: Guarding the "Gateway to Justice"". Social Problems. 48 (2): 206–235. doi:10.1525/sp.2001.48.2.206. ISSN 0037-7791.
Britt, Chester L.; Buzawa, Eve S.; Buzawa, Carl G. (July 1991). "Domestic Violence: The Criminal Justice Response". Contemporary Sociology. 20 (4): 597. doi:10.2307/2071841. ISSN 0094-3061. JSTOR 2071841.
Dripps, Donald A. (November 1992). "Beyond Rape: An Essay on the Difference between the Presence of Force and the Absence of Consent". Columbia Law Review. 92 (7): 1780–1809. doi:10.2307/1123045. ISSN 0010-1958. JSTOR 1123045.
Dripps, Donald A. mname (2018). "Why Rape Should Be a Federal Crime". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3095741. ISSN 1556-5068.
O'Neal, Edgar C. (1994). "Human aggression, second edition, edited by Robert A. Baron and Deborah R. Richardson. New York, Plenum, 1994, xx + 419 pp". Aggressive Behavior. 20 (6): 461–463. doi:10.1002/1098-2337(1994)20:6<461::aid-ab2480200606>3.0.co;2-o. ISSN 0096-140X.
Bidwell, Lee D. Millar; Barnett, Ola W.; Miller-Perrin, Cindy L.; Perrin, Robin (April 1997). "Family Violence across the Lifespan: An Introduction". Teaching Sociology. 25 (2): 198. doi:10.2307/1318672. ISSN 0092-055X. JSTOR 1318672.
Gurr, Ted Robert (January 1981). "Historical Trends in Violent Crime: A Critical Review of the Evidence". Crime and Justice. 3: 295–353. doi:10.1086/449082. ISSN 0192-3234. S2CID 144948441.
Markowitz, Sara (March 2005). "Alcohol, Drugs and Violent Crime". International Review of Law and Economics. 25 (1): 20–44. doi:10.1016/j.irle.2005.05.003. ISSN 0144-8188.
DeLisi, Matt (2003). "Criminal careers behind bars". Behavioral Sciences & the Law. 21 (5): 653–669. doi:10.1002/bsl.531. ISSN 0735-3936. PMID 14502694.
Bailey, Frankie Y. (September 1999). "Book Review: Street-Level Leadership: Discretion and Legitimacy in Front-Line Public Service". Criminal Justice Review. 24 (2): 218–220. doi:10.1177/073401689902400229. ISSN 0734-0168. S2CID 144571165.
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Sherman, Lawrence W.; Berk, Richard A. (April 1984). "The Specific Deterrent Effects of Arrest for Domestic Assault". American Sociological Review. 49 (2): 261–272. doi:10.2307/2095575. ISSN 0003-1224. JSTOR 2095575. PMID 6742629.

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