Azawad (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Azawad" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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16web.archive.org

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7bbc.co.uk

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6mnlamov.net

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1youtube.com

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1memri.org

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1ansa.it

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1courrierinternational.com

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1maliactu.net

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1voanews.com

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1heraldsun.com.au

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1ahram.org.eg

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1reliefweb.int

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afriquejet.com

"Azawad independence: ECOWAS calls declaration of Azawad independence 'null and void'". Afrique en Ligue. 7 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 April 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.

ahram.org.eg

weekly.ahram.org.eg

Nkrumah, Gamal (12–18 April 2012). "Saharan quicksand". Al-Ahram Weekly Online. Archived from the original on 12 April 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.

ajc.com

Rukmini Callimachi (1 April 2012). "Mali coup leader reinstates old constitution". Retrieved 31 March 2012.

alarabiya.net

english.alarabiya.net

"Tuareg rebels declare the independence of Azawad, north of Mali". Al Arabiya. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

aljazeera.com

"Tuaregs claim 'independence' from Mali". Al Jazeera. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Mali's Tuareg fighters end ceasefire". 30 November 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
"Mali rebels agree to respect 'national unity'", Aljazeera, Retrieved 2012-12-05
"Who are the Tuareg?". Al Jazeera. 14 July 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2012.

ansa.it

"Ansa.it - Ansalatina - Tuaregs de Mali renuncian a crear Estado independiente". www.ansa.it. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2022.

archive.org

Hunwick 2000, p. 508. Hunwick, J. O. (2000). "Timbuktu". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Volume X (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. pp. 508–510. ISBN 90-04-11211-1..
Hacquard 1900, p. 71; Dubois & White 1896, p. 358 Hacquard, Augustin (1900), Monographie de Tombouctou, Paris: Société des études coloniales & maritimes. Also available from Gallica. Dubois, Felix; White, Diana (trans.) (1896). Timbuctoo the mysterious. New York: Longmans..

archive.today

"Ansa.it - Ansalatina - Tuaregs de Mali renuncian a crear Estado independiente". www.ansa.it. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
Allimam Mahamane (31 May 2012). "Proclamation de la République Islamique de l'Azawad : La vraie face de l'irrédentisme et de l'intégrisme s'affiche" (in French). MaliActu. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
"FACTBOX-'Azawad': self-proclaimed Tuareg state". 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Qaeda using Mali crisis to expand, France warns". 4 April 2012. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
Davies, Madeleine (13 April 2012), "Christians in north of Mali flee Tuareg rebels' control", Church Times, archived from the original on 1 August 2012, retrieved 16 June 2012

bbc.co.uk

"Mali Tuareg rebels control Timbuktu as troops flee". BBC News. 1 April 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
"Tuareg separatist group in Mali 'ends ceasefire'". 29 November 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
"Mali Tuareg and Islamist rebels agree on Islamist state". BBC News. 27 May 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
"Mali coup: Rebels seize desert town of Kidal". BBC News. 30 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
"Mali Tuareg rebels seize key garrison town of Gao". BBC News. 31 March 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
"Mali Tuareg and Islamist rebels agree on Sharia state". BBC News. 26 May 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
"Mali rebel groups 'clash in Kidal'". BBC News. 8 June 2012.

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

Hacquard 1900, p. 71; Dubois & White 1896, p. 358 Hacquard, Augustin (1900), Monographie de Tombouctou, Paris: Société des études coloniales & maritimes. Also available from Gallica. Dubois, Felix; White, Diana (trans.) (1896). Timbuctoo the mysterious. New York: Longmans..

books.google.com

Robert Brown (1896). Annotations to The history and description of Africa, by Leo Africanus. The Hakluyt Society. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Fage 1956, pp. 27. Fage, J. D. (1956). An Introduction to the History of West Africa. London: Cambridge University Press. p. 22.
Fage 1956, pp. 27–29. Fage, J. D. (1956). An Introduction to the History of West Africa. London: Cambridge University Press. p. 22.
Heath, Jeffrey (1999). A Grammar of Koyra Chiini: the Songhay of Timbuktu. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG. pp. 4–5. ISBN 9783110162851.

britannica.com

"Timbuktu". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
"Mālikiyyah". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 16 July 2012.

churchtimes.co.uk

Davies, Madeleine (13 April 2012), "Christians in north of Mali flee Tuareg rebels' control", Church Times, archived from the original on 1 August 2012, retrieved 16 June 2012

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

Katarina Höije (27 May 2012). "Mali rebel groups join forces, vowing an Islamic state". CNN. Retrieved 31 May 2012.

cnn.com

"Rebels burn Timbuktu tomb listed as U.N. World Heritage site". CNN. 5 May 2012. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2012.

courrierinternational.com

Germain B. Nama (1 March 2012). "Rebelles touaregs : "Pourquoi nous reprenons les armes..."". Courrier International (in French). Retrieved 5 April 2012.

doi.org

Bovill, EW (1927). "The Moorish Invasion of The Sudan". African Affairs. XXVII (XXVII). Royal African Society: 47–56. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a100485.
Kaba 1981. Kaba, Lansine (1981). "Archers, Musketeers, and Mosquitoes: The Moroccan Invasion of the Sudan and the Songhay Resistance (1591–1612)". Journal of African History. 22 (4): 457–475. doi:10.1017/S0021853700019861. JSTOR 181298. PMID 11632225. S2CID 41500711..
Pelizzo, Riccardo (2001). "Timbuktu: A Lesson in Underdevelopment". Journal of World-Systems Research. 7 (2): 265–283. doi:10.5195/jwsr.2001.166.

elwatan.com

Salima Tlemçani (7 April 2012) "Le mali dans la tourmente : AQMi brouille les cartes à l’Azawad", El Watan.

ethnologue.com

"Languages of Mali". Ethnologue.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

euronews.com

"Protests in Bamoko [sic] as Malians reject independence of North", Euronews, 8 April 2012

fasozine.com

Biiga, Bark (3 June 2012). "Nord Mali: le MNLA refuse de se mettre "en sardine"!" (in French). Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.

france24.com

"Strange bedfellows: The MNLA's on-again, off-again marriage with Ansar Dine - France 24". France 24. 5 June 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
"Tuareg rebels declare independence in north Mali". France 24. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Al Qaeda-linked Islamists drive Mali's Tuaregs from last stronghold". 12 July 2012.

ghostarchive.org

TV5MONDE (25 April 2018), MALI : Moussa ag achara Toumane invité de TV5MONDE, archived from the original on 12 December 2021, retrieved 26 April 2018{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

heraldsun.com.au

"Rebels declare independent state", Herald Sun, 7 April 2012.

ibtimes.com

"Ecowas To Send 3,000 Troops To Mali, Guinea-Bissau To Reinstate Civilian Rule". International Business Times. 27 April 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2012.
Ghosh, Palash R. (12 April 2012), "Azawad: The Tuaregs' Nonexistent State in a Desolate, Poverty-Stricken Wasteland", International Business Times

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

"Mali rebels declare independence in north". The Times of India. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

instat.gov.ml

(In French.) "Resultats provisoires R.G.P.H. 2009" (PDF). République de Mali: Institut National de la Statistique. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011..

irinnews.org

"A timeline of northern conflict". 5 April 2012.

jmpmali.com

"Le secteur minier du Mali, un potentiel riche mais inexploité". Les Journées Minières et Pétrolières du Mali. 2011. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2012.

jstor.org

Kaba 1981. Kaba, Lansine (1981). "Archers, Musketeers, and Mosquitoes: The Moroccan Invasion of the Sudan and the Songhay Resistance (1591–1612)". Journal of African History. 22 (4): 457–475. doi:10.1017/S0021853700019861. JSTOR 181298. PMID 11632225. S2CID 41500711..
Maugham, R.C.F. (1924). "Native Land Tenure in the Timbuktu Districts". Journal of the Royal African Society. 23 (90). Oxford: Oxford University Press: 125–130. JSTOR 715389.

la-croix.com

"Une zone immense et incontrôlable aux confins du Sahara". La Croix (in French). 20 September 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2012.

lefigaro.fr

"Nord-Mali: la rébellion crée un État islamique". Le Figaro (in French). 27 May 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.

magharebia.com

Jemal Oumar (30 April 2012). "Azawad rejects armed groups". Magharebia.

maliactu.net

Allimam Mahamane (31 May 2012). "Proclamation de la République Islamique de l'Azawad : La vraie face de l'irrédentisme et de l'intégrisme s'affiche" (in French). MaliActu. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.

memri.org

"The MNLA's Fight for a Secular State of Azawad". MEMRI. Retrieved 26 April 2018.

mnlamov.net

"Mouvement National de Liberation de l'Azawad". Mouvement National de Liberation de l'Azawad. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
Bilal Ag Acherif (6 April 2012). "Déclaration d'indépendence de l'Azawad" [Declaration of Independence of Azawad] (in French). National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
Bilal Ag Acherif (9 June 2012). "Mis en place un Conseil Transitoire de l'Etat de l'AZAWAD (CTEA)" [Declaration of Independence of Azawad] (in French). National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
"The Renewal of Armed Struggle in Azawad". Mouvement National de libération de l'Azawad. 17 January 2012. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
"Declaration du Bureau Politique" (in French). Mouvement National de libération de l'Azawad. 1 April 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.

ar.mnlamov.net

Bilal Ag Acherif (6 April 2012). بيان استقلال أزواد [Declaration of Independence of Azawad] (in Arabic). National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2012.

modernghana.com

"Confusion in Mali after Tuareg independence claim". 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

msa-azawad.com

"Mouvement pour le Salut de l'Azawad". msa-azawad.com (in French). Retrieved 26 April 2018.

muslimnews.co.uk

"Mali: A scramble for power". The Muslim News. 8 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.

nationsencyclopedia.com

Mali – Population, Encyclopedia of the Nations, Retrieved 2 April 2012

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Kaba 1981. Kaba, Lansine (1981). "Archers, Musketeers, and Mosquitoes: The Moroccan Invasion of the Sudan and the Songhay Resistance (1591–1612)". Journal of African History. 22 (4): 457–475. doi:10.1017/S0021853700019861. JSTOR 181298. PMID 11632225. S2CID 41500711..

nytimes.com

thelede.blogs.nytimes.com

J. David Goodman (6 April 2012). "Rift Appears Between Islamists and Main Rebel Group in Mali". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 April 2012.

nytimes.com

Nossiter, Adam (18 July 2012). "Jihadists' Fierce Justice Drives Thousands to Flee Mali". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2012.

panapress.com

"ECOWAS calls declaration of Azawad independence null and void". Panapress.com. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 9 June 2012.

reliefweb.int

Mbera Refugee Camp, Bassikounou, South-Eastern Mauritania (8 Dec 2015)

reuters.com

Felix, Bate (6 April 2012). "AU, US reject Mali rebels' independence declaration". Reuters. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
Tiemoko Diallo and Adama Diarra (28 June 2012). "Islamists declare full control of Mali's north". Reuters. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
"Mali president postpones referendum on reforms". Reuters. 19 August 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2022.

af.reuters.com

Bate Felix (6 April 2012). "Mali rebels declare independence in north". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Mali president postpones referendum on reforms". Reuters. 19 August 2017. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Kaba 1981. Kaba, Lansine (1981). "Archers, Musketeers, and Mosquitoes: The Moroccan Invasion of the Sudan and the Songhay Resistance (1591–1612)". Journal of African History. 22 (4): 457–475. doi:10.1017/S0021853700019861. JSTOR 181298. PMID 11632225. S2CID 41500711..

telegraph.co.uk

"Malians protest against Azawad independence". The Telegraph. 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Malians protest against Azawad independence". The New York Times. 7 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
Meo, Nick (7 April 2012), "Triumphant Tuareg rebels fall out over al-Qaeda's jihad in Mali", The Daily Telegraph

trust.org

"FACTBOX-'Azawad': self-proclaimed Tuareg state". 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

vision.org

"Qaeda using Mali crisis to expand, France warns". 4 April 2012. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2012.

voanews.com

"Mali Islamists Reopen Talks With Tuareg Rebels". Voice of America. 2 June 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2012.

web.archive.org

"Mali: A scramble for power". The Muslim News. 8 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
Bilal Ag Acherif (6 April 2012). "Déclaration d'indépendence de l'Azawad" [Declaration of Independence of Azawad] (in French). National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
Bilal Ag Acherif (6 April 2012). بيان استقلال أزواد [Declaration of Independence of Azawad] (in Arabic). National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
"Le secteur minier du Mali, un potentiel riche mais inexploité". Les Journées Minières et Pétrolières du Mali. 2011. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
"The Renewal of Armed Struggle in Azawad". Mouvement National de libération de l'Azawad. 17 January 2012. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
Bate Felix (6 April 2012). "Mali rebels declare independence in north". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 July 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Azawad independence: ECOWAS calls declaration of Azawad independence 'null and void'". Afrique en Ligue. 7 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 April 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2012.
Biiga, Bark (3 June 2012). "Nord Mali: le MNLA refuse de se mettre "en sardine"!" (in French). Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
"Mali president postpones referendum on reforms". Reuters. 19 August 2017. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.
"Malians protest against Azawad independence". The Telegraph. 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Malians protest against Azawad independence". The New York Times. 7 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2012.
Nossiter, Adam (18 July 2012). "Jihadists' Fierce Justice Drives Thousands to Flee Mali". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2012.
(In French.) "Resultats provisoires R.G.P.H. 2009" (PDF). République de Mali: Institut National de la Statistique. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2011..
"Languages of Mali". Ethnologue.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
"Rebels burn Timbuktu tomb listed as U.N. World Heritage site". CNN. 5 May 2012. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
Nkrumah, Gamal (12–18 April 2012). "Saharan quicksand". Al-Ahram Weekly Online. Archived from the original on 12 April 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.

yahoo.com

news.yahoo.com

Felix, Bate (6 April 2012). "AU, US reject Mali rebels' independence declaration". Reuters.

youtube.com

TV5MONDE (25 April 2018), MALI : Moussa ag achara Toumane invité de TV5MONDE, archived from the original on 12 December 2021, retrieved 26 April 2018{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)