Basra (English Wikipedia)

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Abdullah, Thabit (1 January 2001). Merchants, Mamluks, and Murder: The Political Economy of Trade in Eighteenth-Century Basra. SUNY Press. ISBN 9780791448083 – via Google Books.
Morony, Michael G. (2005). Iraq After the Muslim Conquest by Michael G. Morony citing Baladhuri, Jahshiyari, and Tabari. Gorgias Press. ISBN 9781593333157. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015.
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Robinson, Chase F. (15 May 2017), "The Conquest of Khūzistān: A Historiographical Reassessment", The Expansion of the Early Islamic State, Routledge, pp. 287–312, doi:10.4324/9781315239767-18, ISBN 978-1-315-23976-7, retrieved 17 May 2025
Petersen, Andrew; Northedge, Alastair; Stremke, Frank; Bates, Martin; Edwards, Ifan (30 November 2023). "Discovering Early Islamic Basra: the Origins and Development of Iraq's Southern Metropolis". Journal of Material Cultures in the Muslim World. 4 (1): 119–142. doi:10.1163/26666286-12340042. ISSN 2666-6278.
Kennedy, Hugh (2011). "The Feeding of the five Hundred Thousand: Cities and Agriculture in Early Islamic Mesopotamia". Iraq. 73: 177–199. doi:10.1017/S0021088900000152.
Petersen, Andrew; Northedge, Alastair; Stremke, Frank; Bates, Martin; Edwards, Ifan (30 November 2023). "Discovering Early Islamic Basra: the Origins and Development of Iraq's Southern Metropolis". Journal of Material Cultures in the Muslim World. 4 (1): 119–142. doi:10.1163/26666286-12340042. ISSN 2666-6278.
Richardson, Seth (2023), "Mesopotamian Slavery", in Pargas, Damian A.; Schiel, Juliane (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Global Slavery throughout History, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 17–39, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13260-5_2, ISBN 978-3-031-13260-5
Matthee 2006a, p. 57. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Matthee 2006a, p. 55. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Longrigg & Lang 2015. Longrigg, Steven Helmsley; Lang, Katherine H. (2015). "Basra from the Mongol conquest to modern period". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23813. ISSN 1873-9830.
Matthee 2006a, p. 53. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Ohied, Bassim Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (2 February 2022). "Y-chromosome variation in Basrah population". Journal of Medicine and Life. 15 (2): 202–207. doi:10.25122/jml-2021-0281. PMC 8999105. PMID 35419101.
Ohied, Bassim Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (11 April 2020). "Mitochondrial DNA (hypervariable region I) diversity in Basrah population - Iraq". Genomics. 112 (5): 3560–3564. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.04.004. PMID 32289467.

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Matthee 2006b, pp. 556–560, 561. Matthee, Rudi (2006b). "IRAQ iv. RELATIONS IN THE SAFAVID PERIOD". Encyclopaedia Iranica (Vol. XIII, Fasc. 5 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 6). pp. 556–560, 561.
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"Basra". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 29 September 2024.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

jstor.org

Matthee 2006a, p. 57. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Matthee 2006a, p. 55. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Matthee 2006a, p. 53. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.

daily.jstor.org

Winterhalter, Elizabeth (4 February 2021). "What Was the Zanj Rebellion?". JSTOR Daily. Retrieved 17 May 2025.

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Ohied, Bassim Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (2 February 2022). "Y-chromosome variation in Basrah population". Journal of Medicine and Life. 15 (2): 202–207. doi:10.25122/jml-2021-0281. PMC 8999105. PMID 35419101.
Ohied, Bassim Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (11 April 2020). "Mitochondrial DNA (hypervariable region I) diversity in Basrah population - Iraq". Genomics. 112 (5): 3560–3564. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.04.004. PMID 32289467.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ohied, Bassim Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (2 February 2022). "Y-chromosome variation in Basrah population". Journal of Medicine and Life. 15 (2): 202–207. doi:10.25122/jml-2021-0281. PMC 8999105. PMID 35419101.

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Glanz, James (27 March 2008). "Iraqi Army's Assault on Militias in Basra Stalls". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2008.

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Ohied, Bassim Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (11 April 2020). "Mitochondrial DNA (hypervariable region I) diversity in Basrah population - Iraq". Genomics. 112 (5): 3560–3564. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.04.004. PMID 32289467.

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Matthee 2006a, p. 57. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Matthee 2006a, p. 55. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.
Matthee 2006a, p. 53. Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. doi:10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.

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Morony, Michael G. (2005). Iraq After the Muslim Conquest by Michael G. Morony citing Baladhuri, Jahshiyari, and Tabari. Gorgias Press. ISBN 9781593333157. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015.
"Abdallah ibn Amir ibn Kurayz ibn Rabi'a ibn Habib ibn Abd Shams" (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
Glanz, James (27 March 2008). "Iraqi Army's Assault on Militias in Basra Stalls". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2008.
"National Intelligence Survey. Iraq. Section 41, Population" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. 1960. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2017.
Samenow, Jason (22 July 2016). "Two Middle East locations hit 129 degrees, hottest ever in Eastern Hemisphere, maybe the world". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
Tapper, James (23 July 2016). "Think you're hot? Spare a thought for Kuwait, as mercury hits record 54C". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 October 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
"Iraqi Meteorological Department, 1970" (PDF). Iraqi Meteorological Department. 1970. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
"The President of the Republic: Basra is the Economic Capital of Iraq and a Leverage and Guarantee of its Prosperity". presidency.iq. 9 October 2018. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2025.

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search.worldcat.org

Arce, Ignacio (1 January 2008). "Umayyad Building Techniques and the Merging of Roman-Byzantine and Partho-Sassanian Traditions: Continuity and Change". Late Antique Archaeology. 4 (1): 494–495. doi:10.1163/22134522-90000099. ISSN 1570-6893.
Petersen, Andrew; Northedge, Alastair; Stremke, Frank; Bates, Martin; Edwards, Ifan (30 November 2023). "Discovering Early Islamic Basra: the Origins and Development of Iraq's Southern Metropolis". Journal of Material Cultures in the Muslim World. 4 (1): 119–142. doi:10.1163/26666286-12340042. ISSN 2666-6278.
Petersen, Andrew; Northedge, Alastair; Stremke, Frank; Bates, Martin; Edwards, Ifan (30 November 2023). "Discovering Early Islamic Basra: the Origins and Development of Iraq's Southern Metropolis". Journal of Material Cultures in the Muslim World. 4 (1): 119–142. doi:10.1163/26666286-12340042. ISSN 2666-6278.
Longrigg & Lang 2015. Longrigg, Steven Helmsley; Lang, Katherine H. (2015). "Basra from the Mongol conquest to modern period". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23813. ISSN 1873-9830.

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Basra (English Wikipedia)

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noaa.gov (Global: 111^th place; English: 78^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

ogimet.com (Global: low place; English: 9,363^rd place)

refworld.org (Global: 2,586^th place; English: 1,775^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

rferl.org (Global: 733^rd place; English: 555^th place)

rudaw.net (Global: 3,235^th place; English: 2,991^st place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

sfgate.com (Global: 248^th place; English: 142^nd place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

unhabitat.org (Global: 9,330^th place; English: 7,187^th place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35^th place; English: 24^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

worldhistory.org (Global: 2,330^th place; English: 1,976^th place)