Bihar (English Wikipedia)

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"Move over Bollywood, Here's Bhojpuri". BBC News. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 23 October 2008.

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"College Name". Bihar Engineering University, Patna. Retrieved 25 February 2025.

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"Bihar Location - Geographical Location Bihar India". www.bharatonline.com. Archived from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2023.

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"छपरा को निगम बख्तियारपुर को मिला नगर परिषद का दर्जा". Dainik Bhaskar. 14 February 2017. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.

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"पर्यावरण एवं वन विभाग". forest.bih.nic.in. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2019.
"Forest in Bihar". Forest Ministry of Bihar. Archived from the original on 10 April 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2008.

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"Official Website :: Home Page". darbhangadivision.bih.nic.in. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
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"State Profile". Government of Bihar. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2017.

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"The Bihar Official Language Act, 1950" (PDF). Cabinet Secretariat Department, Government of Bihar. 1950. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 April 2015. Retrieved 9 April 2015.

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"History of Sitamarhi". Official site of Sitamarhi district. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 30 January 2015.

bihar.gov.in (Global: low place; English: low place)

state.bihar.gov.in

"Panchayati Raj Department, Government of Bihar". state.bihar.gov.in. Retrieved 8 July 2025.
"LIST OF URBAN LOCAL BODY Bihar" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 November 2022. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
"Bihar Start-up Policy, 2022" (PDF). Government of Bihar, Department of Industries. Retrieved 3 January 2025.

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"Bihar Budget 2025-26".
"Bihar Economy Survey 2024-25". 2024–2025.

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"Durga Pooja". Festivals of Bihar. Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.

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"Natural safari bihar gov". Natural Safari Bihar.

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"Early Agro based Industries". Bihargatha. 2011. Archived from the original on 10 September 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2015.

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Jagriti, Pawan (8 September 2024). "Bihar Startup Policy 2024: बिना ब्याज के 10 लाख रुपये का स्टार्टअप लोन". Bihar Info Zone. Retrieved 3 January 2025.

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"Bihar Knowledge Center". 2008. Archived from the original on 28 April 2009. Retrieved 3 August 2016.

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books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Mandal, R. B. (2010). Wetlands Management in North Bihar. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-8069-707-4. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
Kumar, Swargesh (2012). Bihar Tourism: Retrospect and Prospect. Concept Publishing Company. p. 101. ISBN 9788180697999. The name Bihar is derived from the Sanskrit word Vihār (Devanagari) which means "abode".
Bronkhorst, Johannes (14 February 2011). Buddhism in the Shadow of Brahmanism. BRILL. p. 12. ISBN 978-90-04-20140-8.
Panth, Rabindra (2007). India's Perception Through Chinese Travellers. Nava Nalanda Mahavihara. p. 61. ISBN 9788188242122. Archived from the original on 12 November 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
Chakrabarty, Dilip (2010). The Geopolitical Orbits of Ancient India: The Geographical Frames of the Ancient Indian Dynasties. Oxford University Press. pp. 47–48. ISBN 978-0-19-908832-4.
Mandal, R. B. (2010). Wetlands management in North Bihar. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 9788180697074. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
Jha, Makhan (1997). Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective. M.D. Publications Pvt. ISBN 9788175330344. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
Brown, Judith Margaret (1972). Gandhi's Rise to Power, Indian Politics 1915–1922: Indian Politics 1915–1922. New Delhi: Cambridge University Press Archive. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-521-09873-1. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
Subrata Kumar Mitra; Harihar Bhattacharyya (2018). Politics And Governance In Indian States Bihar, West Bengal And Tripura. World Scientific. pp. 198–200. ISBN 978-9813208247. Archived from the original on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 10 June 2022.Zamindari abolition was not immediately followed by land reforms measures, as Bhumihars and Rajputs, the landowning classes dominant in the Congress, became suspicious. K B Sahay, the main architect of the land reforms, had to restrain the efforts.This worsened the conditions of non-occupancy tenants. Fixation of ceiling and distribution of surplus land could not be imple mented effectively as these laws had a number of conciliatory provisions and the landowners could keep the land under various other categories in excess of the stipulated area. Thus, the illegal distribution of land, absentee landlordism and the system of sharecropping or bataidari on unfavorable terms, lack of employment in other sectors, absence of modernization of agri culture, lack of adequate irrigation facilities and power etc. led to brewing of discontent to an unimaginable extent. This provided the naxals a fertile ground for fighting on behalf of the poor peasants and organizing them.
Kumar, Ashwani (2008). Community Warriors: State, Peasants and Caste Armies in Bihar. Anthem Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-1-84331-709-8.
Ranabir Samaddar (3 March 2016). "Bihar 1990-2011". Government of Peace: Social Governance, Security and the Problematic of Peace. Routledge, 2016. pp. 201–205. ISBN 978-1317125372. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
Ranabir Samaddar (3 March 2016). Government of Peace: Social Governance, Security and the Problematic of Peace. Routledge, 2016. p. 182. ISBN 978-1317125389. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
Santosh Singh (2020). JP to BJP: Bihar after Lalu and Nitish. SAGE Publishing India. pp. 64–65. ISBN 978-9353886660. Archived from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
Benedikter, Thomas (2009). Language Policy and Linguistic Minorities in India: An Appraisal of the Linguistic Rights of Minorities in India. Münster: LIT Verlag. p. 89. ISBN 978-3-643-10231-7. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
Sanjay Kumar (2018). Post-Mandal Politics in Bihar: Changing Electoral Patterns. SAGE Publishing India. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-9352805860. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
Kumar, Nagendra (1971). Journalism in Bihar: A Supplement to Bihar State Gazette. Government of Bihar, Gazetteers Branch. p. 28. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
Vidyarathi, L P (1978). The Sacred Complex in Hindu Gaya. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 13, 15, 33, 81, 110.
Yang, Anand A (1998). Bazaar India: Markets, Society, and the Colonial State in Gangetic Bihar. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21100-1. Retrieved 15 October 2009.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. "Shēr Shah of Sūr". Encyclopedia Britannica
"Bihar | History, Map, Population, Government, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
"Sitamarhi". Britannica. Archived from the original on 27 April 2015. Retrieved 30 January 2015.

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business-standard.com

Phadnis, Aditi (26 July 2008). "Lalu in the red". Business Standard. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
PTI (28 May 2022). "Bihar govt allows exploration of 'country's largest' gold reserve". Business Standard. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 31 May 2022.

wap.business-standard.com

"Bihar posts avg GDP growth rate of 10.5% last decade". Business Standard. 25 February 2016. Archived from the original on 5 July 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2016.

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"District Census 2011". Census 2011. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2012.

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"Bihar Profile" (PDF). census.gov.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
"Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
"Population by religion community – 2011". Census of India, 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 25 August 2015.
"C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Bihar". Census of India 2011. Office of the Registrar General. Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2020.

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"Census GIS HouseHold". Censusindiamaps.net. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2009.^{[permanent dead link]}

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Kulkarni, Mahesh (26 August 2018). "UB to launch non-alcoholic beer". Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2019.

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doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Scott, David (May 1995). "Buddhism and Islam: Past to Present Encounters and Interfaith Lessons". Numen. 42 (2): 141–155. doi:10.1163/1568527952598657. ISSN 0029-5973. JSTOR 3270172.
Arokiasamy, Perianayagam; Gautam, Abhishek (2008). "Neonatal mortality in the empowered action group states of India: trends and determinants". Journal of Biosocial Science. 40 (2): 183–201. doi:10.1017/S0021932007002623. ISSN 0021-9320. PMID 18093346. S2CID 1775511.
Karvande, Shilpa; Sonawane, Devendra; Chavan, Sandeep; Mistry, Nerges (20 February 2016). "What does quality of care mean for maternal health providers from two vulnerable states of India? Case study of Bihar and Jharkhand". Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition. 35 (1): 6. Bibcode:2016JHPN...35....6K. doi:10.1186/s41043-016-0043-3. ISSN 2072-1315. PMC 5025984. PMID 26897522.
Quintussi, Marta; Van de Poel, Ellen; Panda, Pradeep; Rutten, Frans (26 April 2015). "Economic consequences of ill-health for households in northern rural India". BMC Health Services Research. 15 (1): 179. doi:10.1186/s12913-015-0833-0. ISSN 1472-6963. PMC 4419476. PMID 25928097.
Raza, Wameq A.; van de Poel, Ellen; Bedi, Arjun; Rutten, Frans (28 December 2015). "Impact of Community-based Health Insurance on Access and Financial Protection: Evidence from Three Randomized Control Trials in Rural India". Health Economics. 25 (6): 675–687. doi:10.1002/hec.3307. hdl:1765/79444. ISSN 1057-9230. PMID 26708298.
Rumela, Sen (2021). 'Rebel Retirement in the North through Discordant Exit Networks', Farewell to Arms: How Rebels Retire Without Getting Killed. New York: Oxford Academic. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197529867.003.0005. The big landlords of Bihar derailed land reform via delaying tactics and by refusing to comply with paperwork. They refused to submit documents for their estates despite government orders and filed thousands of court cases halting the landholding ceiling and redistribution of over 9,000 acres of land across the state of Bihar. Since administrators and politicians came mostly from the same landed gentry upper castes as the landlords, the landlords exploited their kinship ties to have government field surveys halted, amended, and ultimately aborted.

eci.nic.in (Global: 364^th place; English: 196^th place)

"State Wise Seat Won & Valid Votes Polled by Political Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 April 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2015.

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"Bihar a byword for worst of India: The Economist". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 25 February 2004. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2019.

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Nigam, Aditi (27 April 2008). "For Bihar, P stands for Patna and prosperity". The Financial Express. Archived from the original on 21 April 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
"DMRC chief visits Patna Metro project sites, meets officials". Financialexpress. PTI. 16 July 2022. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.

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hindi.firstpost.com

"लोकसभा में उठी मगही, भोजपुरी को आठवीं अनुसूची में शामिल करने की मां" [Demand for including Bhojpuri in the Eighth Schedule]. Firstpost (in Hindi). 22 March 2017. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.

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Percy Brown Indian Architecture Vol-II (1956) University of Minnesota

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Raza, Wameq A.; van de Poel, Ellen; Bedi, Arjun; Rutten, Frans (28 December 2015). "Impact of Community-based Health Insurance on Access and Financial Protection: Evidence from Three Randomized Control Trials in Rural India". Health Economics. 25 (6): 675–687. doi:10.1002/hec.3307. hdl:1765/79444. ISSN 1057-9230. PMID 26708298.

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Chitransh, Anugya (1 September 2012). "Bhojpuri is not the only language in Bihar". Hill Post. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 10 April 2015.

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Mishra, Prasun K (6 January 2019). "Bihar's first crocodile conservation reserve near Karkatgarh soon". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
Subhash, Pathak (26 December 2020). "Bihar cabinet approves 111 new urban bodies, 5 more municipal corporations". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
"Russian army marches with Bihar made safety shoes". Hindustan Times. 15 July 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
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"Industrial Development & Economic Growth in Bihar". India Brand Equity Foundation. September 2018. Archived from the original on 10 May 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.

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us.imdb.com

Ganga_Maiyya_Tohe_Piyari_Charaihbo – First Bhojpuri language film Archived 15 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine

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"Climate of Bihar" (PDF). Climatological Summaries of States. No. 18. India Meteorological Department. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 October 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
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Porwal, Vikas (22 March 2022). "Bihar Diwas State Anthem: क्या है बिहार का राज्यगीत, यहां जानिए इसकी दिलचस्प कहानी". Zee News (in Hindi). Retrieved 27 September 2024.
Saha, Pritam (29 May 2022). "'Ants' give whereabouts of 230 MM tons gold mine in Jamui! Bihar on lookout". Zee News. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

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Jha, D. N. (9 July 2014). "Grist to the reactionary mill". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 3 February 2015. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
"Bihar caste survey data out: What it says". The Indian Express. 2 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
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"Bihar CM Choudhary to private schools: Declare your fee structure, allow students to buy uniform and books from anywhere". Indian express. Retrieved 14 May 2026.
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- "Bihar's 'first' Economic Survey Report tabled". The Times of India. 7 March 2007. Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2008.
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- Kumar {first=Madan (15 July 2026). "Samrat announced 211 degree colleges in Bihar". The Times of India. Retrieved 5 August 2026.
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economictimes.indiatimes.com
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Chaudhary, Amit Kumar; Jha, Sujeet; Mishra, Himanshu (1 June 2017). "Udta Bihar: Huge spike in substance abuse, alcohol bootlegging year after ban". India Today. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
"Samrat Choudhary to be Bihar's first BJP Chief Minister as Nitish Kumar era ends". India Today. Retrieved 15 April 2026.

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"6 पंचायतों को मिलाकर बनाया गया सहरसा नगर निगम, ये रहे बिहार के सभी 19 नगर निगमों के नाम". Dainik Jagran (in Hindi). Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.

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jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Scott, David (May 1995). "Buddhism and Islam: Past to Present Encounters and Interfaith Lessons". Numen. 42 (2): 141–155. doi:10.1163/1568527952598657. ISSN 0029-5973. JSTOR 3270172.
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