Bitcoin protocol (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Bitcoin protocol" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

10web.archive.org

1^st place

9doi.org

2^nd place

4arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

4harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

4worldcat.org

5^th place

3semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

2cnbc.com

220^th place

155^th place

2cam.ac.uk

670^th place

480^th place

2iacr.org

5,032^nd place

3,357^th place

1moodyhut.com

low place

1bitcoin.org

low place

1stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

1ccaf.io

low place

1theverge.com

114^th place

90^th place

1worldoil.com

low place

1taipeitimes.com

1,398^th place

881^st place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

1sciencedirect.com

149^th place

178^th place

1acs.org

1,248^th place

1,104^th place

1jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

1investopedia.com

1,135^th place

859^th place

1coinpedia.org

low place

1businessinsider.com

140^th place

115^th place

1ledgerjournal.org

low place

1mercatus.org

low place

1cornell.edu

332^nd place

246^th place

1wsj.com

79^th place

65^th place

1ieeecomputersociety.org

low place

1defense.gov

1,038^th place

668^th place

1nus.edu.sg

2,776^th place

2,052^nd place

1uni.lu

low place

acs.org (Global: 1,248^th place; English: 1,104^th place)

pubs.acs.org

Lal, Apoorv; Zhu, Jesse; You, Fengqi (13 November 2023). "From Mining to Mitigation: How Bitcoin Can Support Renewable Energy Development and Climate Action". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 11 (45): 16330–16340. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05445. ISSN 2168-0485. S2CID 264574360. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Rosenfeld, Meni (17 November 2011). Analysis of Bitcoin Pooled Mining Reward Systems. arXiv:1112.4980. Bibcode:2011arXiv1112.4980R.
Grover, Lov K. (1 July 1996). "A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search". Proceedings of the twenty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '96. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 212–219. arXiv:quant-ph/9605043. Bibcode:1996quant.ph..5043G. doi:10.1145/237814.237866. ISBN 978-0-89791-785-8. S2CID 207198067.
Reid, Fergal; Harrigan, Martin (2013). "An Analysis of Anonymity in the Bitcoin System". Security and Privacy in Social Networks. New York, NY. pp. 197–223. arXiv:1107.4524. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4139-7_10. ISBN 978-1-4614-4138-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Biryukov, Alex; Khovratovich, Dmitry; Pustogarov, Ivan (2014). "Deanonymisation of clients in Bitcoin P2P network". ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. arXiv:1405.7418. Bibcode:2014arXiv1405.7418B. ISBN 9781450329576. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.

bitcoin.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nakamoto, Satoshi (24 May 2009). "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2012.

businessinsider.com (Global: 140^th place; English: 115^th place)

markets.businessinsider.com

"Bitcoin is about to undergo another 'halving' event. Here's why that could send its price soaring".

cam.ac.uk (Global: 670^th place; English: 480^th place)

jbs.cam.ac.uk

"Cambridge Digital Mining Industry Report: Global Operations, Sentiment, and Energy Use - CCAF publications". Cambridge Judge Business School. Retrieved 29 April 2025.
"Cambridge Digital Mining Industry Report" (PDF). www.jbs.cam.ac.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2025. Retrieved 13 October 2025.

ccaf.io (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cambridge Bitcoin Electricity Consumption Index (CBECI)". ccaf.io. Retrieved 5 December 2023.

cnbc.com (Global: 220^th place; English: 155^th place)

Sigalos, MacKenzie (15 June 2021). "China is kicking out more than half the world's bitcoin miners – and a whole lot of them could be headed to Texas". CNBC. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
Macheel, Tanaya (20 April 2024). "The Bitcoin network completes the fourth-ever 'halving' of rewards to miners". CNBC. Retrieved 20 April 2024.

coinpedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Bitcoin Halving 2024: Why It Matters & What to Expect". 6 June 2023.

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

blogs.cornell.edu

Erik Bonadonna (29 March 2013). "Bitcoin and the Double-spending Problem". Cornell University. Retrieved 22 October 2014.

defense.gov (Global: 1,038^th place; English: 668^th place)

media.defense.gov

NSA (1 December 2024). "The Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite 2.0 and Quantum Computing FAQ" (PDF). NSA. Retrieved 11 October 2025.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Barber, Simon; Boyen, Xavier; Shi, Elaine & Uzun, Ersin (2012). "Bitter to Better – how to make Bitcoin a better currency" (PDF). Financial Cryptography and Data Security. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 7397. Springer Publishing. pp. 399–414. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32946-3_29. ISBN 978-3-642-32945-6.
de Vries, Alex; Stoll, Christian (December 2021). "Bitcoin's growing e-waste problem". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175 105901. Bibcode:2021RCR...17505901D. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 240585651. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Lal, Apoorv; Zhu, Jesse; You, Fengqi (13 November 2023). "From Mining to Mitigation: How Bitcoin Can Support Renewable Energy Development and Climate Action". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 11 (45): 16330–16340. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05445. ISSN 2168-0485. S2CID 264574360. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
Houy, N. (2016). "The Bitcoin Mining Game". Ledger. 1: 53–68. doi:10.5195/ledger.2016.13. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
Bar-Zur, Roi; Abu-Hanna, Ameer; Eyal, Ittay; Tamar, Aviv (2023). 2023 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE Computer Society. doi:10.1109/SP46215.2023. ISBN 978-1-6654-9336-9. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
Shor, P.W. (1994). "Algorithms for quantum computation: Discrete logarithms and factoring". Proceedings 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. pp. 124–134. doi:10.1109/sfcs.1994.365700. ISBN 978-0-8186-6580-6.
Grover, Lov K. (1 July 1996). "A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search". Proceedings of the twenty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '96. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 212–219. arXiv:quant-ph/9605043. Bibcode:1996quant.ph..5043G. doi:10.1145/237814.237866. ISBN 978-0-89791-785-8. S2CID 207198067.
Croman, Kyle; Eyal, Ittay (2016). "On Scaling Decentralized Blockchains" (PDF). Financial Cryptography and Data Security. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 9604. pp. 106–125. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-53357-4_8. ISBN 978-3-662-53356-7. Retrieved 10 December 2017. The maximum throughput is the maximum rate at which the blockchain can confirm transactions. Today, bitcoin's maximum throughput is 3.3–7 transactions/sec [1]. This number is constrained by the maximum block size and the inter-block time.
Reid, Fergal; Harrigan, Martin (2013). "An Analysis of Anonymity in the Bitcoin System". Security and Privacy in Social Networks. New York, NY. pp. 197–223. arXiv:1107.4524. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4139-7_10. ISBN 978-1-4614-4138-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Rosenfeld, Meni (17 November 2011). Analysis of Bitcoin Pooled Mining Reward Systems. arXiv:1112.4980. Bibcode:2011arXiv1112.4980R.
de Vries, Alex; Stoll, Christian (December 2021). "Bitcoin's growing e-waste problem". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175 105901. Bibcode:2021RCR...17505901D. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 240585651. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Grover, Lov K. (1 July 1996). "A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search". Proceedings of the twenty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '96. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 212–219. arXiv:quant-ph/9605043. Bibcode:1996quant.ph..5043G. doi:10.1145/237814.237866. ISBN 978-0-89791-785-8. S2CID 207198067.
Biryukov, Alex; Khovratovich, Dmitry; Pustogarov, Ivan (2014). "Deanonymisation of clients in Bitcoin P2P network". ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. arXiv:1405.7418. Bibcode:2014arXiv1405.7418B. ISBN 9781450329576. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.

iacr.org (Global: 5,032^nd place; English: 3,357^th place)

eprint.iacr.org

Ron Dorit; Adi Shamir (2012). "Quantitative Analysis of the Full Bitcoin Transaction Graph" (PDF). Cryptology ePrint Archive. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
Karame, Ghassan O.; Androulaki, Elli; Capkun, Srdjan (2012). "Two Bitcoins at the Price of One? Double-Spending Attacks on Fast Payments in Bitcoin" (PDF). iacr.org. International Association for Cryptologic Research. Retrieved 22 October 2014.

ieeecomputersociety.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.ieeecomputersociety.org

Bar-Zur, Roi; Abu-Hanna, Ameer; Eyal, Ittay; Tamar, Aviv (2023). 2023 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE Computer Society. doi:10.1109/SP46215.2023. ISBN 978-1-6654-9336-9. Retrieved 15 May 2023.

investopedia.com (Global: 1,135^th place; English: 859^th place)

"So, Bitcoin Halving Is Done. What Happened and What's Next?". Investopedia. Retrieved 20 April 2024.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Stoll, Christian; Klaaßen, Lena; Gallersdörfer, Ulrich; Neumüller, Alexander (June 2023). Climate Impacts of Bitcoin Mining in the U.S. (Report). Working Paper Series. MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.

ledgerjournal.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Houy, N. (2016). "The Bitcoin Mining Game". Ledger. 1: 53–68. doi:10.5195/ledger.2016.13. Retrieved 14 January 2017.

mercatus.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Jerry Brito & Andrea Castillo (2013). "Bitcoin: A Primer for Policymakers" (PDF). Mercatus Center. George Mason University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2013.

moodyhut.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hut, Moody (18 December 2023). "What is Blockchain Technology and How Does it Work".

nus.edu.sg (Global: 2,776^th place; English: 2,052^nd place)

comp.nus.edu.sg

Croman, Kyle; Eyal, Ittay (2016). "On Scaling Decentralized Blockchains" (PDF). Financial Cryptography and Data Security. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 9604. pp. 106–125. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-53357-4_8. ISBN 978-3-662-53356-7. Retrieved 10 December 2017. The maximum throughput is the maximum rate at which the blockchain can confirm transactions. Today, bitcoin's maximum throughput is 3.3–7 transactions/sec [1]. This number is constrained by the maximum block size and the inter-block time.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Huang, Jon; O'Neill, Claire; Tabuchi, Hiroko (3 September 2021). "Bitcoin Uses More Electricity Than Many Countries. How Is That Possible?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2022.

sciencedirect.com (Global: 149^th place; English: 178^th place)

de Vries, Alex; Stoll, Christian (December 2021). "Bitcoin's growing e-waste problem". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175 105901. Bibcode:2021RCR...17505901D. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 240585651. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

de Vries, Alex; Stoll, Christian (December 2021). "Bitcoin's growing e-waste problem". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175 105901. Bibcode:2021RCR...17505901D. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 240585651. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Lal, Apoorv; Zhu, Jesse; You, Fengqi (13 November 2023). "From Mining to Mitigation: How Bitcoin Can Support Renewable Energy Development and Climate Action". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 11 (45): 16330–16340. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05445. ISSN 2168-0485. S2CID 264574360. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
Grover, Lov K. (1 July 1996). "A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search". Proceedings of the twenty-eighth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '96. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 212–219. arXiv:quant-ph/9605043. Bibcode:1996quant.ph..5043G. doi:10.1145/237814.237866. ISBN 978-0-89791-785-8. S2CID 207198067.

stanford.edu (Global: 179^th place; English: 183^rd place)

crypto.stanford.edu

Barber, Simon; Boyen, Xavier; Shi, Elaine & Uzun, Ersin (2012). "Bitter to Better – how to make Bitcoin a better currency" (PDF). Financial Cryptography and Data Security. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 7397. Springer Publishing. pp. 399–414. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32946-3_29. ISBN 978-3-642-32945-6.

taipeitimes.com (Global: 1,398^th place; English: 881^st place)

"Bitcoin boom benefiting TSMC: report". Taipei Times. 4 January 2014.

theverge.com (Global: 114^th place; English: 90^th place)

"Bitcoin mania is hurting PC gamers by pushing up GPU prices". 30 January 2018. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2018.

uni.lu (Global: low place; English: low place)

orbilu.uni.lu

Biryukov, Alex; Khovratovich, Dmitry; Pustogarov, Ivan (2014). "Deanonymisation of clients in Bitcoin P2P network". ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. arXiv:1405.7418. Bibcode:2014arXiv1405.7418B. ISBN 9781450329576. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Nakamoto, Satoshi (24 May 2009). "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
"Bitcoin mania is hurting PC gamers by pushing up GPU prices". 30 January 2018. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2018.
"Cryptocurrency mining operation launched by Iron Bridge Resources". World Oil. 26 January 2018. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018.
Huang, Jon; O'Neill, Claire; Tabuchi, Hiroko (3 September 2021). "Bitcoin Uses More Electricity Than Many Countries. How Is That Possible?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
"Cambridge Digital Mining Industry Report" (PDF). www.jbs.cam.ac.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2025. Retrieved 13 October 2025.
de Vries, Alex; Stoll, Christian (December 2021). "Bitcoin's growing e-waste problem". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175 105901. Bibcode:2021RCR...17505901D. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 240585651. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Lal, Apoorv; Zhu, Jesse; You, Fengqi (13 November 2023). "From Mining to Mitigation: How Bitcoin Can Support Renewable Energy Development and Climate Action". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 11 (45): 16330–16340. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05445. ISSN 2168-0485. S2CID 264574360. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
Stoll, Christian; Klaaßen, Lena; Gallersdörfer, Ulrich; Neumüller, Alexander (June 2023). Climate Impacts of Bitcoin Mining in the U.S. (Report). Working Paper Series. MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
Jerry Brito & Andrea Castillo (2013). "Bitcoin: A Primer for Policymakers" (PDF). Mercatus Center. George Mason University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
Biryukov, Alex; Khovratovich, Dmitry; Pustogarov, Ivan (2014). "Deanonymisation of clients in Bitcoin P2P network". ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. arXiv:1405.7418. Bibcode:2014arXiv1405.7418B. ISBN 9781450329576. Archived from the original on 22 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Huang, Jon; O'Neill, Claire; Tabuchi, Hiroko (3 September 2021). "Bitcoin Uses More Electricity Than Many Countries. How Is That Possible?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
de Vries, Alex; Stoll, Christian (December 2021). "Bitcoin's growing e-waste problem". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 175 105901. Bibcode:2021RCR...17505901D. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 240585651. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
Lal, Apoorv; Zhu, Jesse; You, Fengqi (13 November 2023). "From Mining to Mitigation: How Bitcoin Can Support Renewable Energy Development and Climate Action". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 11 (45): 16330–16340. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c05445. ISSN 2168-0485. S2CID 264574360. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
Antonopoulos, Andreas M (1 July 2017). Mastering bitcoin: programming the open blockchain (2nd ed.). Sebastopol, California, USA: O'Reilly Media. p. 239. ISBN 978-1-4919-5438-6. OCLC 953432201.

worldoil.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Cryptocurrency mining operation launched by Iron Bridge Resources". World Oil. 26 January 2018. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018.

wsj.com (Global: 79^th place; English: 65^th place)

blogs.wsj.com

Michael J. Casey; Paul Vigna (16 June 2014). "Short-Term Fixes To Avert "51% Attack"". Money Beat. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 30 June 2014.

Bitcoin protocol (English Wikipedia)

acs.org (Global: 1,248th place; English: 1,104th place)

pubs.acs.org

arxiv.org (Global: 69th place; English: 59th place)

bitcoin.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

businessinsider.com (Global: 140th place; English: 115th place)

markets.businessinsider.com

cam.ac.uk (Global: 670th place; English: 480th place)

jbs.cam.ac.uk

ccaf.io (Global: low place; English: low place)

cnbc.com (Global: 220th place; English: 155th place)

coinpedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

cornell.edu (Global: 332nd place; English: 246th place)

blogs.cornell.edu

defense.gov (Global: 1,038th place; English: 668th place)

media.defense.gov

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

iacr.org (Global: 5,032nd place; English: 3,357th place)

eprint.iacr.org

ieeecomputersociety.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.ieeecomputersociety.org

investopedia.com (Global: 1,135th place; English: 859th place)

jstor.org (Global: 26th place; English: 20th place)

ledgerjournal.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

mercatus.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

moodyhut.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nus.edu.sg (Global: 2,776th place; English: 2,052nd place)

comp.nus.edu.sg

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 149th place; English: 178th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

stanford.edu (Global: 179th place; English: 183rd place)

crypto.stanford.edu

taipeitimes.com (Global: 1,398th place; English: 881st place)

theverge.com (Global: 114th place; English: 90th place)

uni.lu (Global: low place; English: low place)

orbilu.uni.lu

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

worldoil.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

wsj.com (Global: 79th place; English: 65th place)

blogs.wsj.com

acs.org (Global: 1,248^th place; English: 1,104^th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

businessinsider.com (Global: 140^th place; English: 115^th place)

cam.ac.uk (Global: 670^th place; English: 480^th place)

cnbc.com (Global: 220^th place; English: 155^th place)

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

defense.gov (Global: 1,038^th place; English: 668^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

iacr.org (Global: 5,032^nd place; English: 3,357^th place)

investopedia.com (Global: 1,135^th place; English: 859^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

nus.edu.sg (Global: 2,776^th place; English: 2,052^nd place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 149^th place; English: 178^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

stanford.edu (Global: 179^th place; English: 183^rd place)

taipeitimes.com (Global: 1,398^th place; English: 881^st place)

theverge.com (Global: 114^th place; English: 90^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

wsj.com (Global: 79^th place; English: 65^th place)