CAPTCHA (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "CAPTCHA" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

48web.archive.org

1^st place

9doi.org

2^nd place

5semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

4microsoft.com

153^rd place

151^st place

3worldcat.org

5^th place

3elie.net

low place

3w3.org

691^st place

581^st place

2springer.com

274^th place

309^th place

2support.google.com

1,091^st place

936^th place

2cloudflare.com

8,991^st place

6,535^th place

2drive.google.com

1,343^rd place

1,354^th place

2stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

2nih.gov

4^th place

1cmu.edu

1,564^th place

1,028^th place

1isyou.info

low place

1tsts.com

low place

1builtwith.com

low place

1hcaptcha.com

low place

1psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

1osu.edu

2,333^rd place

1,632^nd place

1baeldung.com

low place

1bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

1googleblog.blogspot.com

3,598^th place

3,448^th place

1nytimes.com

7^th place

1harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

1tripwire.com

low place

1duke.edu

1,880^th place

1,218^th place

1theskinny.co.uk

7,798^th place

4,280^th place

1protectwebform.com

low place

1developers.google.com

2,697^th place

3,971^st place

1wiley.com

222^nd place

297^th place

1infoq.com

6,158^th place

4,128^th place

1thenextweb.com

1,356^th place

870^th place

1forbes.com

54^th place

48^th place

1lancs.ac.uk

low place

8,698^th place

1usenix.org

5,990^th place

3,752^nd place

1boingboing.net

3,475^th place

2,144^th place

1lothar.com

low place

1gizmodo.com

474^th place

329^th place

1prowebscraper.com

low place

1f5.com

low place

1puremango.co.uk

low place

1ctftime.org

low place

1berkeley.edu

580^th place

462^nd place

baeldung.com

Stec, Albert (12 June 2022). "What is CAPTCHA and How Does It Work?". Baeldung on Computer Science. Archived from the original on 1 November 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.

bbc.co.uk

"h2g2 – An Explanation of l33t Speak – Edited Entry". h2g2. 16 August 2002. Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2015.

berkeley.edu

cs.berkeley.edu

"Image Recognition CAPTCHAs" (PDF). Cs.berkeley.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

boingboing.net

Doctorow, Cory (27 January 2004). "Solving and creating captchas with free porn". Boing Boing. Archived from the original on 9 February 2006. Retrieved 27 April 2015.

builtwith.com

trends.builtwith.com

"Websites using hCaptcha". trends.builtwith.com. Archived from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.

cloudflare.com

"What is a CAPTCHA?". Cloudflare. 1 November 2022. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
"How CAPTCHAs work | What does CAPTCHA mean?". Cloudflare. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.

cmu.edu

cylab.cmu.edu

"The reCAPTCHA Project – Carnegie Mellon University CyLab". www.cylab.cmu.edu. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.

ctftime.org

"CTFtime.org / #kksctf open 2019 / Kackers blockchained notes / Writeup". ctftime.org. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.

developers.google.com

"Invisible reCAPTCHA". Google Developers. Archived from the original on 16 January 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2022.

doi.org

von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (May 2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. EUROCRYPT 2003: International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
Mayumi Takaya; Yusuke Tsuruta; Akihiro Yamamura (30 September 2013). "Reverse Turing Test using Touchscreens and CAPTCHA" (PDF). Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications. 4 (3): 41–57. doi:10.22667/JOWUA.2013.09.31.041. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 August 2017.
Bursztein, Elie; Bethard, Steven; Fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C.; Jurafsky, Dan (2010). "How Good Are Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs? A Large Scale Evaluation" (PDF). 2010 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 399–413. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.164.7848. doi:10.1109/SP.2010.31. ISBN 978-1-4244-6894-2. S2CID 14204454. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
Karimi-Rouzbahani, Hamid; Bagheri, Nasour; Ebrahimpour, Reza (31 October 2017). "Invariant object recognition is a personalized selection of invariant features in humans, not simply explained by hierarchical feed-forward vision models". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 14402. Bibcode:2017NatSR...714402K. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13756-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5663844. PMID 29089520.
von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. S2CID 5658745. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
Moy, Gabriel; Jones, Nathan; Harkless, Curt; Potter, Randall (2004). Distortion estimation techniques in solving visual CAPTCHAs (PDF). Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Vol. 2. IEEE. pp. 23–28. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2004.1315140. ISBN 978-0-7695-2158-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2020.
Bursztein, Elie; Beauxis, Romain; Perito, Hristo; Paskov, Daniele; fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C. (2011). "The Failure of Noise-Based Non-continuous Audio Captchas". 2011 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 19–31. doi:10.1109/SP.2011.14. ISBN 978-1-4577-0147-4. S2CID 6933726. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Gao, Song; Mohamed, Manar; Saxena, Nitesh; Zhang, Chengcui (23 June 2017). "Emerging-Image Motion CAPTCHAs: Vulnerabilities of Existing Designs, and Countermeasures". IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing (Website). 16 (6) (1st ed.): 1040–1053. doi:10.1109/TDSC.2017.2719031. ISSN 1941-0018. S2CID 41097185.
"Yet Another Text Captcha Solver: A Generative Adversarial Network Based Approach" (PDF). 25th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2018. doi:10.1145/3243734.3243754. S2CID 53106794. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.

drive.google.com

"idrive turing patent application". Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
"idrive turing signup page". Google Drive. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 19 May 2017.

duke.edu

cs.duke.edu

Moy, Gabriel; Jones, Nathan; Harkless, Curt; Potter, Randall (2004). Distortion estimation techniques in solving visual CAPTCHAs (PDF). Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Vol. 2. IEEE. pp. 23–28. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2004.1315140. ISBN 978-0-7695-2158-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2020.

elie.net

Bursztein, Elie; Martin, Matthieu; Mitchell, John C. (2011). "Text-based CAPTCHA Strengths and Weaknesses". ACM Computer and Communication Security 2011 (CSS'2011). Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Bursztein, Elie; Beauxis, Romain; Perito, Hristo; Paskov, Daniele; fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C. (2011). "The Failure of Noise-Based Non-continuous Audio Captchas". 2011 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 19–31. doi:10.1109/SP.2011.14. ISBN 978-1-4577-0147-4. S2CID 6933726. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Bursztein, Elie; Aigrain, Johnathan; Mosciki, Angelika; Michell, John C. (August 2014). The End is Nigh: Generic Solving of Text-based CAPTCHAs. WoOT 2014: Usenix Workshop on Offensive Security. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.

f5.com

"How Cybercriminals Bypass CAPTCHA". www.f5.com. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.

forbes.com

Hof, Robert. "AI Startup Vicarious Claims Milestone In Quest To Build A Brain: Cracking CAPTCHA". Forbes. Archived from the original on 15 September 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2017.

gizmodo.com

Hurler, Kevin. "Chat-GPT Pretended to Be Blind and Tricked a Human Into Solving a CAPTCHA". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.

googleblog.blogspot.com

"Teaching computers to read: Google acquires reCAPTCHA". Google Official Blog. Archived from the original on 31 August 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2018.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Karimi-Rouzbahani, Hamid; Bagheri, Nasour; Ebrahimpour, Reza (31 October 2017). "Invariant object recognition is a personalized selection of invariant features in humans, not simply explained by hierarchical feed-forward vision models". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 14402. Bibcode:2017NatSR...714402K. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13756-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5663844. PMID 29089520.

hcaptcha.com

"hCaptcha – About Us". www.hcaptcha.com. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.

infoq.com

Ghosemajumder, Shuman (8 December 2015). "The Imitation Game: The New Frontline of Security". InfoQ. InfoQ. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2015.

isyou.info

Mayumi Takaya; Yusuke Tsuruta; Akihiro Yamamura (30 September 2013). "Reverse Turing Test using Touchscreens and CAPTCHA" (PDF). Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications. 4 (3): 41–57. doi:10.22667/JOWUA.2013.09.31.041. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 August 2017.

lancs.ac.uk

eprints.lancs.ac.uk

"Yet Another Text Captcha Solver: A Generative Adversarial Network Based Approach" (PDF). 25th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2018. doi:10.1145/3243734.3243754. S2CID 53106794. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.

lothar.com

petmail.lothar.com

"Hire People To Solve CAPTCHA Challenges". Petmail Design. 21 July 2005. Archived from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2015.

microsoft.com

research.microsoft.com

Chellapilla, Kumar; Larson, Kevin; Simard, Patrice; Czerwinski, Mary. "Designing Human Friendly Human Interaction Proofs (HIPs)" (PDF). Microsoft Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2015.
"After 8 years of operation, Asirra is shutting down effective October 1, 2014. Thank you to all of our users!". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 7 February 2015.

microsoft.com

"Asirra is a human interactive proof that asks users to identify photos of cats and dogs". Microsoft. Archived from the original on 15 December 2008.
Elson, Jeremy; Douceur, John; Howell, Jon; Saul, Jared (October 2007). Asirra: A CAPTCHA that Exploits Interest-Aligned Manual Image Categorization. Proceedings of 14th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. Microsoft. Archived from the original on 15 December 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2017.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Karimi-Rouzbahani, Hamid; Bagheri, Nasour; Ebrahimpour, Reza (31 October 2017). "Invariant object recognition is a personalized selection of invariant features in humans, not simply explained by hierarchical feed-forward vision models". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 14402. Bibcode:2017NatSR...714402K. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13756-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5663844. PMID 29089520.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Karimi-Rouzbahani, Hamid; Bagheri, Nasour; Ebrahimpour, Reza (31 October 2017). "Invariant object recognition is a personalized selection of invariant features in humans, not simply explained by hierarchical feed-forward vision models". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 14402. Bibcode:2017NatSR...714402K. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13756-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5663844. PMID 29089520.

nytimes.com

Gugliotta, Guy (28 March 2011). "Deciphering Old Texts, One Woozy, Curvy Word at a Time". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2018.

osu.edu

it.osu.edu

"Beware of Fake CAPTCHA that Initiates Malware". Office of Technology and Digital Innovation. 13 January 2025.

protectwebform.com

"Smart Captcha". Protect Web Form .COM. 8 October 2006. Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2017.

prowebscraper.com

"Top 10 Captcha Solving Services Compared". Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 10 December 2018.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Bursztein, Elie; Bethard, Steven; Fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C.; Jurafsky, Dan (2010). "How Good Are Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs? A Large Scale Evaluation" (PDF). 2010 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 399–413. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.164.7848. doi:10.1109/SP.2010.31. ISBN 978-1-4244-6894-2. S2CID 14204454. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

puremango.co.uk

Yeend, Howard (2005). "Breaking CAPTCHAs Without Using OCR". (pureMango.co.uk). Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2006.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Bursztein, Elie; Bethard, Steven; Fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C.; Jurafsky, Dan (2010). "How Good Are Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs? A Large Scale Evaluation" (PDF). 2010 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 399–413. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.164.7848. doi:10.1109/SP.2010.31. ISBN 978-1-4244-6894-2. S2CID 14204454. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. S2CID 5658745. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
Bursztein, Elie; Beauxis, Romain; Perito, Hristo; Paskov, Daniele; fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C. (2011). "The Failure of Noise-Based Non-continuous Audio Captchas". 2011 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 19–31. doi:10.1109/SP.2011.14. ISBN 978-1-4577-0147-4. S2CID 6933726. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Gao, Song; Mohamed, Manar; Saxena, Nitesh; Zhang, Chengcui (23 June 2017). "Emerging-Image Motion CAPTCHAs: Vulnerabilities of Existing Designs, and Countermeasures". IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing (Website). 16 (6) (1st ed.): 1040–1053. doi:10.1109/TDSC.2017.2719031. ISSN 1941-0018. S2CID 41097185.
"Yet Another Text Captcha Solver: A Generative Adversarial Network Based Approach" (PDF). 25th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2018. doi:10.1145/3243734.3243754. S2CID 53106794. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.

springer.com

link.springer.com

von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (May 2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. EUROCRYPT 2003: International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. S2CID 5658745. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.

stanford.edu

web.stanford.edu

Bursztein, Elie; Bethard, Steven; Fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C.; Jurafsky, Dan (2010). "How Good Are Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs? A Large Scale Evaluation" (PDF). 2010 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 399–413. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.164.7848. doi:10.1109/SP.2010.31. ISBN 978-1-4244-6894-2. S2CID 14204454. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.

infolab.stanford.edu

"Imagination Paper". Infolab.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 28 September 2013.

support.google.com

"What is CAPTCHA?". Google Support. Google Inc. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2022. CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a [...]
"What is reCAPTCHA? –?reCAPTCHA Help". support.google.com. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.

thenextweb.com

Summers, Nick. "Vicarious claims its AI software can crack up to 90% of CAPTCHAs offered by Google, Yahoo and PayPal". TNW. Archived from the original on 15 September 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.

theskinny.co.uk

Shea, Michael (19 November 2015). "CAPTCHA: Spambots, eBooks and the Turing Test". The Skinny. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2016.

tripwire.com

"Making CAPTCHAs Expensive Again: If You're Using Text-Based CAPTCHAs, You're Doing It Wrong | Tripwire". www.tripwire.com. Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.

tsts.com

Sulgrove, Jonathan (7 July 2022). "reCAPTCHA: What It Is and Why You Should Use It on Your Website – TSTS". Twin State Technical Services. Archived from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.

usenix.org

static.usenix.org

Motoyama, Marti; Levchenko, Kirill; Kanich, Chris; McCoy, Damon; Geoffrey, Voelker; Savage, Stefan (August 2010). Re: CAPTCHAs-Understanding CAPTCHA-Solving Services in an Economic Context.s (PDF). USENIX Security Symposium, 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.

w3.org

May, Matt (23 November 2005). "Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA". W3C. Archived from the original on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
"Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA". www.w3.org. Archived from the original on 4 November 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
"Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA". www.w3.org. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.

web.archive.org

"The reCAPTCHA Project – Carnegie Mellon University CyLab". www.cylab.cmu.edu. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (May 2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. EUROCRYPT 2003: International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
"What is CAPTCHA?". Google Support. Google Inc. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2022. CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a [...]
Mayumi Takaya; Yusuke Tsuruta; Akihiro Yamamura (30 September 2013). "Reverse Turing Test using Touchscreens and CAPTCHA" (PDF). Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications. 4 (3): 41–57. doi:10.22667/JOWUA.2013.09.31.041. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 August 2017.
"What is reCAPTCHA? –?reCAPTCHA Help". support.google.com. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
Sulgrove, Jonathan (7 July 2022). "reCAPTCHA: What It Is and Why You Should Use It on Your Website – TSTS". Twin State Technical Services. Archived from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
"Websites using hCaptcha". trends.builtwith.com. Archived from the original on 10 November 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
"hCaptcha – About Us". www.hcaptcha.com. Archived from the original on 20 July 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
Bursztein, Elie; Bethard, Steven; Fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C.; Jurafsky, Dan (2010). "How Good Are Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs? A Large Scale Evaluation" (PDF). 2010 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 399–413. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.164.7848. doi:10.1109/SP.2010.31. ISBN 978-1-4244-6894-2. S2CID 14204454. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
Stec, Albert (12 June 2022). "What is CAPTCHA and How Does It Work?". Baeldung on Computer Science. Archived from the original on 1 November 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
"What is a CAPTCHA?". Cloudflare. 1 November 2022. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
"idrive turing patent application". Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
"h2g2 – An Explanation of l33t Speak – Edited Entry". h2g2. 16 August 2002. Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
"idrive turing signup page". Google Drive. Archived from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
"Teaching computers to read: Google acquires reCAPTCHA". Google Official Blog. Archived from the original on 31 August 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
Gugliotta, Guy (28 March 2011). "Deciphering Old Texts, One Woozy, Curvy Word at a Time". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2018.
"How CAPTCHAs work | What does CAPTCHA mean?". Cloudflare. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
Chellapilla, Kumar; Larson, Kevin; Simard, Patrice; Czerwinski, Mary. "Designing Human Friendly Human Interaction Proofs (HIPs)" (PDF). Microsoft Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2015.
"Making CAPTCHAs Expensive Again: If You're Using Text-Based CAPTCHAs, You're Doing It Wrong | Tripwire". www.tripwire.com. Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
Bursztein, Elie; Martin, Matthieu; Mitchell, John C. (2011). "Text-based CAPTCHA Strengths and Weaknesses". ACM Computer and Communication Security 2011 (CSS'2011). Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
von Ahn, Luis; Blum, Manuel; Hopper, Nicholas J.; Langford, John (2003). "CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems for Security" (PDF). Advances in Cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 2656. pp. 294–311. doi:10.1007/3-540-39200-9_18. ISBN 978-3-540-14039-9. S2CID 5658745. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
Moy, Gabriel; Jones, Nathan; Harkless, Curt; Potter, Randall (2004). Distortion estimation techniques in solving visual CAPTCHAs (PDF). Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Vol. 2. IEEE. pp. 23–28. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2004.1315140. ISBN 978-0-7695-2158-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 July 2020.
May, Matt (23 November 2005). "Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA". W3C. Archived from the original on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
Shea, Michael (19 November 2015). "CAPTCHA: Spambots, eBooks and the Turing Test". The Skinny. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
"Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA". www.w3.org. Archived from the original on 4 November 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
Bursztein, Elie; Beauxis, Romain; Perito, Hristo; Paskov, Daniele; fabry, Celine; Mitchell, John C. (2011). "The Failure of Noise-Based Non-continuous Audio Captchas". 2011 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. pp. 19–31. doi:10.1109/SP.2011.14. ISBN 978-1-4577-0147-4. S2CID 6933726. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
"Smart Captcha". Protect Web Form .COM. 8 October 2006. Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
"Invisible reCAPTCHA". Google Developers. Archived from the original on 16 January 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
"Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA". www.w3.org. Archived from the original on 27 October 2022. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
Jakobsson, Markus (August 2012). The death of the Internet. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
Ghosemajumder, Shuman (8 December 2015). "The Imitation Game: The New Frontline of Security". InfoQ. InfoQ. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
Bursztein, Elie; Aigrain, Johnathan; Mosciki, Angelika; Michell, John C. (August 2014). The End is Nigh: Generic Solving of Text-based CAPTCHAs. WoOT 2014: Usenix Workshop on Offensive Security. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
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