Climate change (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Climate change" in English language version.

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147doi.org

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111harvard.edu

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89nih.gov

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66worldcat.org

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59semanticscholar.org

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43web.archive.org

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11books.google.com

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7nature.com

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5carbonbrief.org

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5copernicus.org

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1archive.today

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1phys.org

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1cosmosmagazine.com

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1climateanalytics.org

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1natlib.govt.nz

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1nationalacademies.org

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1nap.edu

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1scientificamerican.com

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aber.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,536^th place)

pure.aber.ac.uk

Smale et al. 2019 Smale, Dan A.; Wernberg, Thomas; Oliver, Eric C. J.; Thomsen, Mads; Harvey, Ben P. (2019). "Marine heatwaves threaten global biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 9 (4): 306–312. Bibcode:2019NatCC...9..306S. doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0412-1. ISSN 1758-6798. S2CID 91471054.

acs.org (Global: 1,248^th place; English: 1,104^th place)

ACS. "What Is the Greenhouse Effect?". Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2019.

agu.org (Global: 6,456^th place; English: 6,101^st place)

news.agu.org

"Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming". American Geophysical Union. 18 February 2021. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.

aip.org (Global: 2,204^th place; English: 1,735^th place)

history.aip.org

Weart "The Public and Climate Change: The Summer of 1988", "News reporters gave only a little attention ...".

ametsoc.org (Global: 4,162^nd place; English: 3,578^th place)

journals.ametsoc.org

Herring, Stephanie C.; Hoell, Andrew; Hoerling, Martin P.; Kossin, James P.; Schreck III, Carl J.; Stott, Peter A. (1 December 2016). "Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society / Introduction to Explaining Extreme Events of 2015 from a Climate Perspective". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 28 June 2025.

apo.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

Carbon Brief, 19 April 2018; Meinshausen 2019, p. 462. Meinshausen, Malte (2019). "Implications of the Developed Scenarios for Climate Change". In Teske, Sven (ed.). Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals: Global and Regional 100% Renewable Energy Scenarios with Non-energy GHG Pathways for +1.5 °C and +2 °C. Springer International Publishing. pp. 459–469. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05843-2_12. ISBN 978-3-030-05843-2. S2CID 133868222.
IEA 2021, p. 57, Fig 2.5; Teske et al. 2019, p. 180, Table 8.1 IEA (October 2021). Net Zero By 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector (PDF) (Report). Paris, France. Retrieved 4 April 2022. Teske, Sven; Pregger, Thomas; Naegler, Tobias; Simon, Sonja; et al. (2019). "Energy Scenario Results". In Teske, Sven (ed.). Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals: Global and Regional 100% Renewable Energy Scenarios with Non-energy GHG Pathways for +1.5 °C and +2 °C. Springer International Publishing. pp. 175–402. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05843-2_8. ISBN 978-3-030-05843-2.
Teske 2019, pp. 409–410. Teske, Sven (2019). "Trajectories for a Just Transition of the Fossil Fuel Industry". In Teske, Sven (ed.). Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals: Global and Regional 100% Renewable Energy Scenarios with Non-energy GHG Pathways for +1.5 °C and +2 °C. Springer International Publishing. pp. 403–411. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05843-2_9. ISBN 978-3-030-05843-2. S2CID 133961910.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Top 700 meters: Lindsey, Rebecca; Dahlman, Luann (6 September 2023). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. ● Top 2000 meters: "Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955". NASA.gov. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023.

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,031^st place; English: 879^th place)

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

IPCC AR4 WG1 Ch9 2007, pp. 702–703; Randel et al. 2009. Randel, William J.; Shine, Keith P.; Austin, John; Barnett, John; et al. (2009). "An update of observed stratospheric temperature trends". Journal of Geophysical Research. 114 (D2): D02107. Bibcode:2009JGRD..114.2107R. doi:10.1029/2008JD010421. HAL hal-00355600.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Hansen et al. 2016; Smithsonian, 26 June 2016. Hansen, James; Sato, Makiko; Hearty, Paul; Ruedy, Reto; et al. (2016). "Ice melt, sea level rise and superstorms: evidence from paleoclimate data, climate modeling, and modern observations that 2 °C global warming could be dangerous". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 16 (6): 3761–3812. arXiv:1602.01393. Bibcode:2016ACP....16.3761H. doi:10.5194/acp-16-3761-2016. ISSN 1680-7316. S2CID 9410444.
Scientific American, 29 April 2014; Burke & Stott 2017. Burke, Claire; Stott, Peter (2017). "Impact of Anthropogenic Climate Change on the East Asian Summer Monsoon". Journal of Climate. 30 (14): 5205–5220. arXiv:1704.00563. Bibcode:2017JCli...30.5205B. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0892.1. ISSN 0894-8755. S2CID 59509210.
Ditlevsen, Peter; Ditlevsen, Susanne (25 July 2023). "Warning of a forthcoming collapse of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation". Nature Communications. 14 (1): 4254. arXiv:2304.09160. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.4254D. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39810-w. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 10368695. PMID 37491344.

atmos-chem-phys.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hansen et al. 2016; Smithsonian, 26 June 2016. Hansen, James; Sato, Makiko; Hearty, Paul; Ruedy, Reto; et al. (2016). "Ice melt, sea level rise and superstorms: evidence from paleoclimate data, climate modeling, and modern observations that 2 °C global warming could be dangerous". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 16 (6): 3761–3812. arXiv:1602.01393. Bibcode:2016ACP....16.3761H. doi:10.5194/acp-16-3761-2016. ISSN 1680-7316. S2CID 9410444.

awi.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

epic.awi.de

Cohen et al. 2014. Cohen, Judah; Screen, James; Furtado, Jason C.; Barlow, Mathew; et al. (2014). "Recent Arctic amplification and extreme mid-latitude weather" (PDF). Nature Geoscience. 7 (9): 627–637. Bibcode:2014NatGe...7..627C. doi:10.1038/ngeo2234. ISSN 1752-0908.
Lau, Sally C. Y.; Wilson, Nerida G.; Golledge, Nicholas R.; Naish, Tim R.; Watts, Phillip C.; Silva, Catarina N. S.; Cooke, Ira R.; Allcock, A. Louise; Mark, Felix C.; Linse, Katrin (21 December 2023). "Genomic evidence for West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse during the Last Interglacial" (PDF). Science. 382 (6677): 1384–1389. Bibcode:2023Sci...382.1384L. doi:10.1126/science.ade0664. PMID 38127761. S2CID 266436146.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

"Redox, extraction of iron and transition metals". Hot air (oxygen) reacts with the coke (carbon) to produce carbon dioxide and heat energy to heat up the furnace. Removing impurities: The calcium carbonate in the limestone thermally decomposes to form calcium oxide. calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

Winfield, E.; Ostoja, S. (2020). "Climate-Smart Agriculture: Soil Health & Carbon Farming [Factsheet]". USDA California Climate Hub. Retrieved 13 August 2025.
McGrath, Matt (17 May 2023). "Global warming set to break key 1.5C limit for first time". BBC News. Retrieved 31 January 2024. The researchers stress that temperatures would have to stay at or above 1.5C for 20 years to be able to say the Paris agreement threshold had been passed.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Dunlap & McCright 2011, pp. 144, 155; Björnberg et al. 2017 Dunlap, Riley E.; McCright, Aaron M. (2011). "Chapter 10: Organized climate change denial". In Dryzek, John S.; Norgaard, Richard B.; Schlosberg, David (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society. Oxford University Press. pp. 144–160. ISBN 978-0-19-956660-0. Björnberg, Karin Edvardsson; Karlsson, Mikael; Gilek, Michael; Hansson, Sven Ove (2017). "Climate and environmental science denial: A review of the scientific literature published in 1990–2015". Journal of Cleaner Production. 167: 229–241. Bibcode:2017JCPro.167..229B. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.066. ISSN 0959-6526.
Newell 2006, p. 80; Yale Climate Connections, 2 November 2010 Newell, Peter (14 December 2006). Climate for Change: Non-State Actors and the Global Politics of the Greenhouse. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-02123-4. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
Foote, Eunice (November 1856). "Circumstances affecting the Heat of the Sun's Rays". The American Journal of Science and Arts. 22: 382–383. Archived from the original on 30 September 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
Nord, D. C. (2020). Nordic Perspectives on the Responsible Development of the Arctic: Pathways to Action. Springer Polar Sciences. Springer International Publishing. p. 51. ISBN 978-3-030-52324-4. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
Mukherjee, A.; Scanlon, B. R.; Aureli, A.; Langan, S.; Guo, H.; McKenzie, A. A. (2020). Global Groundwater: Source, Scarcity, Sustainability, Security, and Solutions. Elsevier Science. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-12-818173-7. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
von Humboldt, A.; Wulf, A. (2018). Selected Writings of Alexander von Humboldt: Edited and Introduced by Andrea Wulf. Everyman's Library Classics Series. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-101-90807-5. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
Erdkamp, Paul; Manning, Joseph G.; Verboven, Koenraad (2021). Climate Change and Ancient Societies in Europe and the Near East: Diversity in Collapse and Resilience. Palgrave Studies in Ancient Economies. Springer International Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 978-3-030-81103-7. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
Archer & Pierrehumbert 2013, pp. 10–14 Archer, David; Pierrehumbert, Raymond (2013). The Warming Papers: The Scientific Foundation for the Climate Change Forecast. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-68733-8.
Foote, Eunice (November 1856). "Circumstances affecting the Heat of the Sun's Rays". The American Journal of Science and Arts. 22: 382–383. Retrieved 31 January 2016 – via Google Books.
Archer & Pierrehumbert 2013, pp. 39–42; Fleming 2008, Tyndall Archer, David; Pierrehumbert, Raymond (2013). The Warming Papers: The Scientific Foundation for the Climate Change Forecast. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-68733-8. Fleming, James R. (17 March 2008). "Climate Change and Anthropogenic Greenhouse Warming: A Selection of Key Articles, 1824–1995, with Interpretive Essays". National Science Digital Library Project Archive PALE:ClassicArticles. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
National Academies 2008, p. 2; Oreskes 2007, p. 68; Gleick, 7 January 2017 Oreskes, Naomi (2007). "The scientific consensus on climate change: How do we know we're not wrong?". In DiMento, Joseph F. C.; Doughman, Pamela M. (eds.). Climate Change: What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our Grandchildren. The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-54193-0.

c2es.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Hurricanes and Climate Change". Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. 10 July 2020.

carbonbrief.org (Global: low place; English: 9,497^th place)

carbonbrief.org

interactive.carbonbrief.org

McSweeney, Robert; Tandon, Ayesha (18 November 2024). "Mapped: How climate change affects extreme weather around the world". Climate Central. Archived from the original on 10 June 2025.

cbsnews.com (Global: 108^th place; English: 80^th place)

Ivanova, Irina (2 June 2022). "California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years". CBS News.

climate.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

Top 700 meters: Lindsey, Rebecca; Dahlman, Luann (6 September 2023). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. ● Top 2000 meters: "Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955". NASA.gov. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023.
"Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". Noaa Climate.gov. NOAA. 2018. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
Huddleston 2019 Huddleston, Amara (17 July 2019). "Happy 200th birthday to Eunice Foote, hidden climate science pioneer". NOAA Climate.gov. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.

climateactiontracker.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"India". Climate Action Tracker. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2021.

climateanalytics.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Serdeczny et al. 2016. Serdeczny, Olivia; Adams, Sophie; Baarsch, Florent; Coumou, Dim; et al. (2016). "Climate change impacts in Sub-Saharan Africa: from physical changes to their social repercussions" (PDF). Regional Environmental Change. 17 (6): 1585–1600. doi:10.1007/s10113-015-0910-2. hdl:1871.1/c8dfb143-d9e1-4eef-9bbe-67b3c338d07f. ISSN 1436-378X. S2CID 3900505.

cogitatiopress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

The Guardian, 19 March 2019; Boulianne, Lalancette & Ilkiw 2020. Boulianne, Shelley; Lalancette, Mireille; Ilkiw, David (2020). ""School Strike 4 Climate": Social Media and the International Youth Protest on Climate Change". Media and Communication. 8 (2): 208–218. doi:10.17645/mac.v8i2.2768. ISSN 2183-2439.

commonslibrary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Gulliver, Robyn (3 November 2021). "A Comparative Analysis of Australian Media Coverage of the 2019 Climate Protests". The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 5 March 2025.
Hartley, Sophie (10 October 2023). "Climate Activism: Start Here". The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 5 March 2025.

copernicus.eu (Global: low place; English: low place)

climate.copernicus.eu

"2024 – a second record-breaking year, following the exceptional 2023". Copernicus Programme. 10 January 2025. Retrieved 10 January 2025.

copernicus.org (Global: 7,281^st place; English: 5,368^th place)

essd.copernicus.org

Forster et al. 2024, p. 2626: "The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced." Forster, P. M.; Smith, C. J.; Walsh, T.; Lamb, W. F.; et al. (2024). "Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence" (PDF). Earth System Science Data. 16 (6): 2625–2658. Bibcode:2023ESSD...15.2295F. doi:10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
Forster et al. 2024, p. 2626 Forster, P. M.; Smith, C. J.; Walsh, T.; Lamb, W. F.; et al. (2024). "Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence" (PDF). Earth System Science Data. 16 (6): 2625–2658. Bibcode:2023ESSD...15.2295F. doi:10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
von Schuckman, K.; Cheng, L.; Palmer, M. D.; Hansen, J.; et al. (7 September 2020). "Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?". Earth System Science Data. 12 (3): 2013–2041. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.2013V. doi:10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020. hdl:20.500.11850/443809.

acp.copernicus.org

Quaas, Johannes; Jia, Hailing; Smith, Chris; Albright, Anna Lea; Aas, Wenche; Bellouin, Nicolas; Boucher, Olivier; Doutriaux-Boucher, Marie; Forster, Piers M.; Grosvenor, Daniel; Jenkins, Stuart; Klimont, Zbigniew; Loeb, Norman G.; Ma, Xiaoyan; Naik, Vaishali; Paulot, Fabien; Stier, Philip; Wild, Martin; Myhre, Gunnar; Schulz, Michael (21 September 2022). "Robust evidence for reversal of the trend in aerosol effective climate forcing". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 22 (18): 12221–12239. Bibcode:2022ACP....2212221Q. doi:10.5194/acp-22-12221-2022. hdl:20.500.11850/572791. S2CID 252446168.
WMO SAOD Executive Summary 2022, p. 15; Velders et al. 2022 Velders, G. J. M.; et al. (2022). "Projections of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions and the resulting global warming based on recent trends in observed abundances and current policies". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 22 (9): 6087–6101. Bibcode:2022ACP....22.6087V. doi:10.5194/acp-22-6087-2022. hdl:1721.1/148197.

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

nsdl.library.cornell.edu

Archer & Pierrehumbert 2013, pp. 39–42; Fleming 2008, Tyndall Archer, David; Pierrehumbert, Raymond (2013). The Warming Papers: The Scientific Foundation for the Climate Change Forecast. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-68733-8. Fleming, James R. (17 March 2008). "Climate Change and Anthropogenic Greenhouse Warming: A Selection of Key Articles, 1824–1995, with Interpretive Essays". National Science Digital Library Project Archive PALE:ClassicArticles. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
Weart "The Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Effect"; Fleming 2008, Arrhenius Fleming, James R. (17 March 2008). "Climate Change and Anthropogenic Greenhouse Warming: A Selection of Key Articles, 1824–1995, with Interpretive Essays". National Science Digital Library Project Archive PALE:ClassicArticles. Retrieved 7 October 2019.

cosmosmagazine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Phiddian, Ellen (5 April 2022). "Explainer: IPCC Scenarios". Cosmos. Retrieved 30 September 2023. "The IPCC doesn't make projections about which of these scenarios is more likely, but other researchers and modellers can. The Australian Academy of Science, for instance, released a report last year stating that our current emissions trajectory had us headed for a 3 °C warmer world, roughly in line with the middle scenario. Climate Action Tracker predicts 2.5 to 2.9 °C of warming based on current policies and action, with pledges and government agreements taking this to 2.1 °C.

creativecommons.org (Global: 1,010^th place; English: 612^th place)

Lebling, Katie; Gangotra, Ankita; Hausker, Karl; Byrum, Zachary (13 November 2023). "7 Things to Know About Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sequestration". World Resources Institute. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Forster et al. 2024, p. 2626: "The indicators show that, for the 2014–2023 decade average, observed warming was 1.19 [1.06 to 1.30] °C, of which 1.19 [1.0 to 1.4] °C was human-induced." Forster, P. M.; Smith, C. J.; Walsh, T.; Lamb, W. F.; et al. (2024). "Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence" (PDF). Earth System Science Data. 16 (6): 2625–2658. Bibcode:2023ESSD...15.2295F. doi:10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
Lynas, Mark; Houlton, Benjamin Z.; Perry, Simon (19 October 2021). "Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature". Environmental Research Letters. 16 (11): 114005. Bibcode:2021ERL....16k4005L. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac2966. ISSN 1748-9326. S2CID 239032360.
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nap.edu (Global: 2,128^th place; English: 1,553^rd place)

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nasa.gov (Global: 75^th place; English: 83^rd place)

climate.nasa.gov

Shaftel 2016: " 'Climate change' and 'global warming' are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings. ... Global warming refers to the upward temperature trend across the entire Earth since the early 20th century ... Climate change refers to a broad range of global phenomena ...[which] include the increased temperature trends described by global warming." Shaftel, Holly (January 2016). "What's in a name? Weather, global warming and climate change". NASA Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. Archived from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
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natlib.govt.nz (Global: 2,685^th place; English: 1,516^th place)

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nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

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nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

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worldbank.org (Global: 231^st place; English: 332^nd place)

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unibe.ch (Global: 2,608^th place; English: 3,516^th place)

uq.edu.au (Global: 3,558^th place; English: 2,403^rd place)

washington.edu (Global: 1,067^th place; English: 749^th place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 34^th place; English: 27^th place)