Computer chess (English Wikipedia)

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Lai, Matthew (4 September 2015), Giraffe: Using Deep Reinforcement Learning to Play Chess, arXiv:1509.01549v1
Silver, David; Hubert, Thomas; Schrittwieser, Julian; Antonoglou, Ioannis; Lai, Matthew; Guez, Arthur; Lanctot, Marc; Sifre, Laurent; Kumaran, Dharshan; Graepel, Thore; Lillicrap, Timothy; Simonyan, Karen; Hassabis, Demis (2017). "Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm". arXiv:1712.01815 [cs.AI].
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chess.com

"Who wins from this? (chess puzzle)" An example chess position found from the Lomonosov chess tablebase.
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"Chess Lessons - Learn with Online Courses". Archived from the original on 2007-12-14. Retrieved 2007-12-14.

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"Chessbase Online, Searching a high quality database of Chessgames. Free Chess Games.ChessBase-Online". www.chessbase-online.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2000. Retrieved 11 January 2022.

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"Chess News – Adams vs Hydra: Man 0.5 – Machine 5.5". ChessBase.com. 28 June 2005. Retrieved 2010-04-03.
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Riis, Dr. Søren (2 January 2012). "A Gross Miscarriage of Justice in Computer Chess (part one)". Chessbase News. Retrieved 19 February 2012.

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chessclub.com

"CoffeeHouse: The Internet Chess Club Java Interface". Archived from the original on 1997-06-20. Retrieved 2019-07-08.

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chessok.com

tb7.chessok.com

http://tb7.chessok.com Lomonosov website allowing registered user to access 7-piece tablebase, and a forum with positions found.

chesstempo.com

"Chess Tactics". Archived from the original on 2007-06-13. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

chessvibes.com

"Rybka disqualified and banned from World Computer Chess Championships | ChessVibes". www.chessvibes.com. Archived from the original on 30 March 2014.

computer-shogi.org

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Yu Nasu (April 28, 2018). "Efficiently Updatable Neural-Network-based Evaluation Function for computer Shogi" (PDF) (in Japanese).

computerhistory.org

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(Shannon 1950) Shannon, Claude E. (1950), "Programming a Computer for Playing Chess" (PDF), Philosophical Magazine, Ser.7, Vol. 41 (314), archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2010, retrieved 21 June 2009
The size of the state space and game tree for chess were first estimated in Claude Shannon (1950), "Programming a Computer for Playing Chess" (PDF), Philosophical Magazine, 41 (314), archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2010, retrieved 30 December 2008 Shannon gave estimates of 10⁴³ and 10¹²⁰ respectively, smaller than the estimates in the Game complexity table, which are from Victor Allis's thesis. See Shannon number for details.

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Computer Chess: The Drosophila of AI October 30, 2002

doi.org

Ensmenger, N. (2012). "Is chess the drosophila of artificial intelligence? A social history of an algorithm". Social Studies of Science. 42 (1): 5–30. doi:10.1177/0306312711424596. PMID 22530382. S2CID 968033.
Simon, H.A.; Newell, A. (1958). "Heuristic problem solving: The next advance in operations research" (PDF). Operations Research. 6 (1): 7. doi:10.1287/opre.6.1.1. Retrieved 10 February 2018.
Schrittwieser, Julian; Antonoglou, Ioannis; Hubert, Thomas; Simonyan, Karen; Sifre, Laurent; Schmitt, Simon; Guez, Arthur; Lockhart, Edward; Hassabis, Demis; Graepel, Thore; Lillicrap, Timothy (2020). "Mastering Atari, Go, chess and shogi by planning with a learned model". Nature. 588 (7839): 604–609. arXiv:1911.08265. Bibcode:2020Natur.588..604S. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03051-4. PMID 33361790. S2CID 208158225.
Aviezri Fraenkel; D. Lichtenstein (1981), "Computing a perfect strategy for n×n chess requires time exponential in n", J. Combin. Theory Ser. A, 31 (2): 199–214, doi:10.1016/0097-3165(81)90016-9

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"Chess Tactics Server". Archived from the original on 2006-04-08. Retrieved 2006-04-08.

exachess.com

http://www.exachess.com ExaChess for Mac

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https://www.facebook.com/chessstudioapp/ ^{[user-generated source]}

fastgm.de

"FGRL". FastGM's Rating List. Retrieved December 12, 2010.

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"Useful data". GitHub. Retrieved 2023-10-12.
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Yu Nasu (2018). ƎUИИ Efficiently Updatable Neural-Network based Evaluation Functions for Computer Shogi. Ziosoft Computer Shogi Club, pdf (Japanese with English abstract)

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Schrittwieser, Julian; Antonoglou, Ioannis; Hubert, Thomas; Simonyan, Karen; Sifre, Laurent; Schmitt, Simon; Guez, Arthur; Lockhart, Edward; Hassabis, Demis; Graepel, Thore; Lillicrap, Timothy (2020). "Mastering Atari, Go, chess and shogi by planning with a learned model". Nature. 588 (7839): 604–609. arXiv:1911.08265. Bibcode:2020Natur.588..604S. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03051-4. PMID 33361790. S2CID 208158225.

hiarcs.net

Stanislav Tsukrov, Pocket Fritz author. Pocket Fritz 4 searches less than 20,000 positions per second.

husvankempen.de

CEGT 40/20, Chess Engines Grand Tournament, 12 October 2008, archived from the original on 1 March 2012, retrieved 21 October 2008

iccf-webchess.com

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Sousa, Ismenio. "Fidelity Chess Challenger 1 – World's First Chess Computer". Retrieved 25 September 2016.

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CCRL Discussion Board, http://kirill-kryukov.com/chess/discussion-board/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=2808, 19 June 2012

lichess.org

"7-piece Syzygy tablebases are complete". lichess.org. 19 August 2018. Retrieved 2023-10-02.

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Thurn, Sebastian (1995), Learning to Play the Game of Chess (PDF), MIT Press, retrieved 12 December 2021

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Ensmenger, N. (2012). "Is chess the drosophila of artificial intelligence? A social history of an algorithm". Social Studies of Science. 42 (1): 5–30. doi:10.1177/0306312711424596. PMID 22530382. S2CID 968033.
Schrittwieser, Julian; Antonoglou, Ioannis; Hubert, Thomas; Simonyan, Karen; Sifre, Laurent; Schmitt, Simon; Guez, Arthur; Lockhart, Edward; Hassabis, Demis; Graepel, Thore; Lillicrap, Timothy (2020). "Mastering Atari, Go, chess and shogi by planning with a learned model". Nature. 588 (7839): 604–609. arXiv:1911.08265. Bibcode:2020Natur.588..604S. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03051-4. PMID 33361790. S2CID 208158225.

npr.org

"20 Years Later, Humans Still No Match For Computers On The Chessboard". NPR.org. 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

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Once Again, Machine Beats Human Champion at Chess New York Times, December 5, 2006
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International Paderborn Computer Chess Championship 2005

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The Rybka Lounge / Computer Chess / Tablebase sizes, http://rybkaforum.net/cgi-bin/rybkaforum/topic_show.pl?tid=9380 Archived 2017-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, 19th June 2012

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Ensmenger, N. (2012). "Is chess the drosophila of artificial intelligence? A social history of an algorithm". Social Studies of Science. 42 (1): 5–30. doi:10.1177/0306312711424596. PMID 22530382. S2CID 968033.
Schrittwieser, Julian; Antonoglou, Ioannis; Hubert, Thomas; Simonyan, Karen; Sifre, Laurent; Schmitt, Simon; Guez, Arthur; Lockhart, Edward; Hassabis, Demis; Graepel, Thore; Lillicrap, Timothy (2020). "Mastering Atari, Go, chess and shogi by planning with a learned model". Nature. 588 (7839): 604–609. arXiv:1911.08265. Bibcode:2020Natur.588..604S. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03051-4. PMID 33361790. S2CID 208158225.

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van den Herik, H.J.; Herschberg, I. S. (1992). "The 7th World Computer-Chess Championship: Report on the tournament, Madrid, Spain, November 23-27, 1992". ICCA Journal. 15 (4): 208–209.

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(Shannon 1950) Shannon, Claude E. (1950), "Programming a Computer for Playing Chess" (PDF), Philosophical Magazine, Ser.7, Vol. 41 (314), archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2010, retrieved 21 June 2009
The Rybka Lounge / Computer Chess / Tablebase sizes, http://rybkaforum.net/cgi-bin/rybkaforum/topic_show.pl?tid=9380 Archived 2017-06-27 at the Wayback Machine, 19th June 2012
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"More DOS oldies". Archived from the original on 2018-12-03. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
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"CoffeeHouse: The Internet Chess Club Java Interface". Archived from the original on 1997-06-20. Retrieved 2019-07-08.
"FICS - Free Internet Chess Server". Archived from the original on 1998-12-12. Retrieved 2019-07-08.
"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2004-08-31. Retrieved 2004-08-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"Play Daily (Correspondence) Chess". Archived from the original on 2007-10-06.
"Play Chess Online for Free". play.chessbase.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
"Chess Tactics Server". Archived from the original on 2006-04-08. Retrieved 2006-04-08.
"Chess Tactics". Archived from the original on 2007-06-13. Retrieved 2007-06-13.
"Chess Puzzles - Improve Your Chess by Solving Tactics". Archived from the original on 2008-02-18. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
"Chess Tactics Online". Archived from the original on 2015-05-04.
"Chessbase Online, Searching a high quality database of Chessgames. Free Chess Games.ChessBase-Online". www.chessbase-online.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2000. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
"Java chess games: Database search, analysis". Archived from the original on 1999-02-19. Retrieved 2019-07-08.
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xs4all.nl

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