Concentration of media ownership (English Wikipedia)

Brant, João (2012-05-17). Maior, Carta (ed.). "FHC defende a regulação dos meios de comunicação" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2012-10-16.

cbc.ca (Global: 115^th place; English: 82^nd place)

CBCNews (2011-03-11). "Media convergence, acquisitions and sales in Canada". CBC News. Retrieved 24 October 2011.
"CBC: Feds must examine Irving media empire". 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2016-03-24.

cbj.g12.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

redebonja.cbj.g12.br

Mick, Jacques; Lima, Samuel (2006-08-30). Agência Experimental de Jornalismo (ed.). "RBS e AN: os riscos da monopolização" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2012-04-08.

coe.int (Global: 772^nd place; English: 849^th place)

wcd.coe.int

"Council of Europe". Retrieved 9 January 2016.

obs.coe.int

Media ownership: towards Pan-European groups?. MAVISE.

columbia.edu (Global: 488^th place; English: 374^th place)

www4.gsb.columbia.edu

Murilo César Ramos. University of Brasília (ed.). "Communications regulatory framework in Brazil: media, telecommunications, internet". Archived from the original (pdf) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-10-16.

crtc.gc.ca (Global: 4,203^rd place; English: 2,471^st place)

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. "About the CRTC". Archived from the original on 20 November 2011. Retrieved 23 October 2011.

dbcde.gov.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy - Independent Media Inquiry Archived 2012-03-06 at the Wayback Machine

direitoacomunicacao.org.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mansur, Vinícius (2012-05-22). "Assusta-me que FHC assuma a bandeira da regulação da mídia" (in Portuguese). Carta Maior. Archived from the original on 2013-01-18. Retrieved 2013-01-01.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Woodhull, Nancy J.; Snyder, Robert W., eds. (2020-03-24). Media Mergers. doi:10.4324/9781351309363. ISBN 9781351309363. S2CID 241334318.
McChesney, R. (2001). "Global media, neoliberalism and imperialism". Monthly Review. 52 (10): 1. doi:10.14452/MR-052-10-2001-03_1.
Harcourt, Alison J. (September 1998). "EU Media Ownership Regulation: Conflict over the Definition of Alternatives". Journal of Common Market Studies. 36 (3): 369–389. doi:10.1111/1468-5965.00115.
Alison Harcourt & Robert G. Picard (2009). "Policy, Economic, and Business Challenges of Media Ownership Regulation". Journal of Media Business Studies. 6 (3): 1–17. doi:10.1080/16522354.2009.11073486. S2CID 167929232.
Herzog, C; Scerbinina, A (2020). "'Self-centered, self-promoting, and self-legitimizing': CNN's portrayal of media ownership concentration in the US". Atlantic Journal of Communication. 29 (5): 328–344. doi:10.1080/15456870.2020.1779725. S2CID 225628947.

donosdamidia.com.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

Herz, Daniel; Görgen, James; Osório, Pedro Luiz (2002-03-06). CartaCapital (ed.). "Quem são os donos" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-13. Retrieved 2012-04-05.

eui.eu (Global: low place; English: 8,389^th place)

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

ec.europa.eu

europarl.europa.eu

Commission of the European Communities, Commission staff working document - Media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union, Brussels, 16.1.2007 SEC(2007) 0032, p.9
BÁRD, Petra; BAYER, Judith (2016). "A comparative analysis of media freedom and pluralism in the EU Member States. Study for the LIBE Committee" (PDF). Directorate-General for Internal Policies. Policy Department Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs. European Parliament. Retrieved 24 March 2017.

eurozine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Eurozine - The market takes all - Jaromír Volek Czech Republic: Playing the game of media trumps". 2009-03-19. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2016.

freedomhouse.org (Global: 2,046^th place; English: 1,783^rd place)

"Freedom of the Press 2015 Report" (PDF). Freedom House. Retrieved 2024-03-17.

friends.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

The Globe and Mail (June 22, 2006). "Review media mergers - Senate group urges Grant Robertson and Simon Tuck". The Globe and Mail – republished by Friends of Canadian Broadcasting. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2009.

frugaldad.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Frugal Dad, Jason (22 November 2011). "Media Consolidation: The Illusion of Choice (Infographic)". frugaldad.com. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011.

haaretz.com (Global: 497^th place; English: 371^st place)

Verter, Yossi (Feb 10, 2015), Israel election's biggest battle being fought by newspaper tycoons, Haaretz, retrieved October 19, 2015

huffingtonpost.ca (Global: 2,253^rd place; English: 1,475^th place)

Howard, Caroline (December 12, 2016). "Media Concentration In Canada Is Worst In G8: Report". The Huffington Post. Daniel Tencer. Retrieved 2016-12-12.

ijoc.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

LEANDROS, NIKOS (2010). "Media Concentration and Systemic Failures in Greece". International Journal of Communication. 4. Retrieved 24 March 2017.

ilfattoquotidiano.it (Global: 823^rd place; English: 4,046^th place)

Pisanò, Alessio (2010) Se il pluralismo scivola in fondo all’agenda Ue, Il Fatto Quotidiano, August 16, 2010

irex.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

IREX 2022, p. 11. "Belarus 2022". IREX Vibrant Information Barometer. 2022.
IREX 2022, p. 16. "Belarus 2022". IREX Vibrant Information Barometer. 2022.

mafra.cz (Global: low place; English: low place)

Web page of MAFRA

muni.cz (Global: 2,963^rd place; English: 6,401^st place)

is.muni.cz

Czech: Město Brno pohledem lidí z různých oborů BA thesis by Michal Kárný

ned.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

cima.ned.org

Magro, Maira (2011-01-03). Center for International Media Assistance (ed.). "Brazil's New Communications Minister Defends New Regulation". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-10-16.

newint.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Global Media". New Internationalist. April 2001. Retrieved 2009-10-10.
"Ultra Concentrated Media - Facts". New Internationalist. April 2001. Retrieved 2009-10-10.
Ainger, Katharine (April 2001). "Empires of the Senseless". New Internationalist. Retrieved 2009-10-10.

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 435^th place; English: 276^th place)

Stone, Andrew (31 August 2011). "Farewell NZPA, hello three new news services". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 31 August 2011.
O'Sullivan, Fran (2016-05-11). "NZME, Fairfax in merger talks". The New Zealand Herald. New Zealand Herald.
"NZME director Jim Grenon spends $6m buying more shares in company". New Zealand Herald. 2025-08-29.
Jdrinnan@Xtra.Co.Nz @Zagzigger2, John Drinnan John Drinnan is the Media Writer for the New Zealand Herald (2011-11-11). "TVNZ and Sky TV too cosy, says industry". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 9 January 2016.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"Sky TV adds to customer base - Business - NZ Herald News". The New Zealand Herald. The New Zealand Herald. 2001-12-22. Retrieved 2013-04-30.

observatoriodaimprensa.com.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

Venício A. de Lima (2003-07-01). Observatório da Imprensa (ed.). "Existe concentração na mídia brasileira? Sim" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2012-04-08.
Schenkel, Laura (2006-09-12). Observatório da Imprensa (ed.). "Formação de monopólio da RBS em SC será questionada" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2013-12-12. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
Rosenfield, Denis (2012-03-27). "Liberdade e regulação". O Estado de S. Paulo (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2013-01-01.

odt.co.nz (Global: 5,611^th place; English: 3,240^th place)

Susan Edmunds (2025-03-13). "Union hits back at NZME takeover attempt". Otago Daily Times.

openedition.org (Global: 666^th place; English: 1,300^th place)

books.openedition.org

Gálik, Mihály (2010). "Regulating Media Concentration within the Council of Europe and the European Union". Media Freedom and Pluralism: Media Policy Challenges in the enlarged Europe [online]. CEUP collection. Budapest: Central European University Press. pp. 229–244. ISBN 9786155211850.

osce.org (Global: 2,588^th place; English: 2,718^th place)

von Dohnanyi, Johannes (2003). "The Impact of Media Concentration on Professional Journalism". Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. pp. 188–89.

ox.ac.uk (Global: 613^th place; English: 456^th place)

reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk

Newman, Nic. "Overview and key findings of the 2024 Digital News Report". Reuters Institute. Reuters. Retrieved 1 April 2025.

rnz.co.nz (Global: 2,219^th place; English: 1,274^th place)

"Stuff-NZME merger would lead to 'substantial reduction' of journalists, court says". RNZ. 2018-09-26.
Farah Hancock (2025-03-03). "Canadian billionaire Jim Grenon tight-lipped on NZME share purchase". RNZ.
"NZME directors 'have concerns' about businessman Jim Grenon taking editorial control". RNZ. 2025-03-31.
Susan Edmunds (2025-03-05). "Union wary of Canadian billionaire Jim Grenon's NZ media influence". RNZ.

rocenkaunievydavatelu.cz (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ročenka Unie vydavatelů 2007". Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
"Ročenka Unie vydavatelů 2008". Retrieved 9 January 2016.

rtlgroup.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rtlgroup - About Us

scyma.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

periodistas.scyma.info

Permisos y concesiones de televisión en México Archived 2011-08-24 at the Wayback Machine

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Woodhull, Nancy J.; Snyder, Robert W., eds. (2020-03-24). Media Mergers. doi:10.4324/9781351309363. ISBN 9781351309363. S2CID 241334318.
Alison Harcourt & Robert G. Picard (2009). "Policy, Economic, and Business Challenges of Media Ownership Regulation". Journal of Media Business Studies. 6 (3): 1–17. doi:10.1080/16522354.2009.11073486. S2CID 167929232.
Herzog, C; Scerbinina, A (2020). "'Self-centered, self-promoting, and self-legitimizing': CNN's portrayal of media ownership concentration in the US". Atlantic Journal of Communication. 29 (5): 328–344. doi:10.1080/15456870.2020.1779725. S2CID 225628947.

sencanada.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

Standing Senate Committee on Transport and Communications (June 2006). "Final report on the Canadian news media". Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 10 October 2009.

sseriga.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Aija Krūtaine, Urmas Loit, Rytas Staselis, Evita Puriņa (2017). "Baltic Media Health Check" (PDF). Baltic Centre for Media Excellence: 32.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

stuff.co.nz (Global: 457^th place; English: 272^nd place)

Tom Pullar-Strecker (2020-09-07). "Discovery takes 'bet on NZ' by buying television channel Three". Stuff.

theglobeandmail.com (Global: 293^rd place; English: 203^rd place)

Marlow, Iain (2010-09-10). "BCE-CTV deal remakes media landscape". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-11.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

Brook, Stephen; Sweney, Mark (2009-01-21). "Alexander Lebedev's Evening Standard takeover: Dacre announces sale to staff". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2009-01-21.

thepost.co.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

Tom Pullar-Strecker (2025-03-25). "NZME billionaire coup: Union says question it asked Jim Grenon was a simple one". The Post.

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 199^th place)

unesdoc.unesco.org

World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development Global Report 2017/2018 (PDF). UNESCO. 2018. p. 202.

unesco.org

UNESCO (ed.). "Freedom of Expression in Brazil". Retrieved 2012-10-16.

vgp.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Verlagsgruppe Passau". Retrieved 9 January 2016.

vlp.cz (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Independent periodicals", Website of VLTAVA-LABE PRESS a.s. Archived February 6, 2010, at the Wayback Machine: CV Týden, Tachovská Jiskra, Týdeník Domažlicko, Týdeník Chebsko, Týdeník Karlovarska, Týdeník Klatovska, Týdeník Sokolovska, Týdeník Vysočina, Týden u nás, Vyškovské noviny, Nový život, Slovácko, Znojemské noviny, Týdeník Ostrava, Region – Bruntálský, Region – Krnovské noviny, Region – Opavský a Hlučínský, Region – Karvinsko, Region – Havířsko, Region – Týdeník okresu Nový Jičín, Region – Frýdecko-Místecko, Prostějovský týden, Nové Přerovské, Hranický týden, Moravský sever, Slovácké noviny plus
Company structure on VLTAVA-LABE-PRESS's website Archived February 7, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
Czech: Website of VLTAVA-LABE PRESS a.s., "About us"
Website of VLTAVA-LABE PRESS a.s. Archived 2009-04-30 at the Wayback Machine

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy - Independent Media Inquiry Archived 2012-03-06 at the Wayback Machine
Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. "About the CRTC". Archived from the original on 20 November 2011. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
Marlow, Iain (2010-09-10). "BCE-CTV deal remakes media landscape". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Archived from the original on 13 September 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-11.
The Globe and Mail (June 22, 2006). "Review media mergers - Senate group urges Grant Robertson and Simon Tuck". The Globe and Mail – republished by Friends of Canadian Broadcasting. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2009.
Schenkel, Laura (2006-09-12). Observatório da Imprensa (ed.). "Formação de monopólio da RBS em SC será questionada" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2013-12-12. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
Herz, Daniel; Görgen, James; Osório, Pedro Luiz (2002-03-06). CartaCapital (ed.). "Quem são os donos" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-13. Retrieved 2012-04-05.
Murilo César Ramos. University of Brasília (ed.). "Communications regulatory framework in Brazil: media, telecommunications, internet". Archived from the original (pdf) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
Magro, Maira (2011-01-03). Center for International Media Assistance (ed.). "Brazil's New Communications Minister Defends New Regulation". Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
Rosenfield, Denis (2012-03-27). "Liberdade e regulação". O Estado de S. Paulo (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
Brant, João (2012-05-17). Maior, Carta (ed.). "FHC defende a regulação dos meios de comunicação" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2012-10-16.
Mansur, Vinícius (2012-05-22). "Assusta-me que FHC assuma a bandeira da regulação da mídia" (in Portuguese). Carta Maior. Archived from the original on 2013-01-18. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
"Monitoring Media Pluralism in Europe: Results of the second pilot-test implementation of the Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM2015)". Archived from the original on 2017-03-23. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
"MPM 2015 Market Plurality Domain". March 2016. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
"Independent periodicals", Website of VLTAVA-LABE PRESS a.s. Archived February 6, 2010, at the Wayback Machine: CV Týden, Tachovská Jiskra, Týdeník Domažlicko, Týdeník Chebsko, Týdeník Karlovarska, Týdeník Klatovska, Týdeník Sokolovska, Týdeník Vysočina, Týden u nás, Vyškovské noviny, Nový život, Slovácko, Znojemské noviny, Týdeník Ostrava, Region – Bruntálský, Region – Krnovské noviny, Region – Opavský a Hlučínský, Region – Karvinsko, Region – Havířsko, Region – Týdeník okresu Nový Jičín, Region – Frýdecko-Místecko, Prostějovský týden, Nové Přerovské, Hranický týden, Moravský sever, Slovácké noviny plus
Company structure on VLTAVA-LABE-PRESS's website Archived February 7, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
"Ročenka Unie vydavatelů 2007". Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
Website of VLTAVA-LABE PRESS a.s. Archived 2009-04-30 at the Wayback Machine
The Czech media landscape - print media Archived 2011-03-25 at the Wayback Machine
Pre-workshop Report, Robert Schumann centre for Advanced Studies Archived September 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
"Eurozine - The market takes all - Jaromír Volek Czech Republic: Playing the game of media trumps". 2009-03-19. Archived from the original on 5 January 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
Permisos y concesiones de televisión en México Archived 2011-08-24 at the Wayback Machine
Frugal Dad, Jason (22 November 2011). "Media Consolidation: The Illusion of Choice (Infographic)". frugaldad.com. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011.

wieninternational.at (Global: low place; English: low place)

The Czech media landscape - print media Archived 2011-03-25 at the Wayback Machine

Concentration of media ownership (English Wikipedia)

academia.edu (Global: 121st place; English: 142nd place)

alacrastore.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

americasquarterly.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

austlii.edu.au (Global: 1,812th place; English: 995th place)

baj.media (Global: low place; English: low place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.co.uk

bbc.com (Global: 20th place; English: 30th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

businessinsider.com (Global: 140th place; English: 115th place)

canadiandimension.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cartamaior.com.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

cbc.ca (Global: 115th place; English: 82nd place)

cbj.g12.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

redebonja.cbj.g12.br

coe.int (Global: 772nd place; English: 849th place)

wcd.coe.int

obs.coe.int

columbia.edu (Global: 488th place; English: 374th place)

www4.gsb.columbia.edu

crtc.gc.ca (Global: 4,203rd place; English: 2,471st place)

dbcde.gov.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

direitoacomunicacao.org.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

donosdamidia.com.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

eui.eu (Global: low place; English: 8,389th place)

monitor.cmpf.eui.eu

cadmus.eui.eu

eui.eu

europa.eu (Global: 68th place; English: 117th place)

ec.europa.eu

europarl.europa.eu

eurozine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

freedomhouse.org (Global: 2,046th place; English: 1,783rd place)

friends.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

frugaldad.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

haaretz.com (Global: 497th place; English: 371st place)

huffingtonpost.ca (Global: 2,253rd place; English: 1,475th place)

ijoc.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ilfattoquotidiano.it (Global: 823rd place; English: 4,046th place)

irex.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

mafra.cz (Global: low place; English: low place)

muni.cz (Global: 2,963rd place; English: 6,401st place)

is.muni.cz

ned.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

cima.ned.org

newint.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 435th place; English: 276th place)

observatoriodaimprensa.com.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

odt.co.nz (Global: 5,611th place; English: 3,240th place)

openedition.org (Global: 666th place; English: 1,300th place)

books.openedition.org

osce.org (Global: 2,588th place; English: 2,718th place)

ox.ac.uk (Global: 613th place; English: 456th place)

reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk

rnz.co.nz (Global: 2,219th place; English: 1,274th place)

rocenkaunievydavatelu.cz (Global: low place; English: low place)

rtlgroup.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

scyma.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

periodistas.scyma.info

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

sencanada.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

sseriga.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

stuff.co.nz (Global: 457th place; English: 272nd place)

theglobeandmail.com (Global: 293rd place; English: 203rd place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12th place; English: 11th place)

thepost.co.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

unesco.org (Global: 104th place; English: 199th place)

unesdoc.unesco.org

unesco.org

vgp.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

vlp.cz (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wieninternational.at (Global: low place; English: low place)

academia.edu (Global: 121^st place; English: 142^nd place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

austlii.edu.au (Global: 1,812^th place; English: 995^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

businessinsider.com (Global: 140^th place; English: 115^th place)

cbc.ca (Global: 115^th place; English: 82^nd place)

coe.int (Global: 772^nd place; English: 849^th place)

columbia.edu (Global: 488^th place; English: 374^th place)

crtc.gc.ca (Global: 4,203^rd place; English: 2,471^st place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

eui.eu (Global: low place; English: 8,389^th place)

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

freedomhouse.org (Global: 2,046^th place; English: 1,783^rd place)

haaretz.com (Global: 497^th place; English: 371^st place)

huffingtonpost.ca (Global: 2,253^rd place; English: 1,475^th place)

ilfattoquotidiano.it (Global: 823^rd place; English: 4,046^th place)

muni.cz (Global: 2,963^rd place; English: 6,401^st place)

nzherald.co.nz (Global: 435^th place; English: 276^th place)

odt.co.nz (Global: 5,611^th place; English: 3,240^th place)

openedition.org (Global: 666^th place; English: 1,300^th place)

osce.org (Global: 2,588^th place; English: 2,718^th place)

ox.ac.uk (Global: 613^th place; English: 456^th place)

rnz.co.nz (Global: 2,219^th place; English: 1,274^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

stuff.co.nz (Global: 457^th place; English: 272^nd place)

theglobeandmail.com (Global: 293^rd place; English: 203^rd place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 199^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)