Conscientious objector (English Wikipedia)

Peter Dueck; Conrad Stoesz; Grant Klassen; Lynette Wiebe; Elsie Rempel; Lawrence Klippenstein; Alf Redekopp; Dan Dyck; John C. Klassen; Grant Klassen; Edward Enns; Jake K. Wiens; David Schroeder. "Alternative Service in the Second World War: Conscientious Objectors in Canada: 1939 – 1945". Retrieved 27 April 2009.

amnesty.org

amnestyusa.org

"News & Stories – Amnesty International USA". Retrieved 12 August 2017.

archive.org

Churchill, Robert Paul (1996). "Conscientious Objection". In Donald K. Wells (ed.). An Encyclopedia of War and Ethics. Greenwood Press. pp. 99–102. ISBN 0313291160.

archive.today

"The Seventh-day Adventist Church: Controversies, books and other resources" Archived 11 September 2012 at archive.today, religioustolerance.org, Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
"בבית המשפט העליון בשבתו כבית משפט גבוה לצדק" (in Hebrew). 21 February 2012. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
"Should conscientious objectors be jailed?". Korea Herald. 19 September 2011. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

aseistakieltaytyjaliitto.fi

"Suomi syrjii aseistakieltäytyjiä! – AKL". aseistakieltaytyjaliitto.fi. Archived from the original on 26 July 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

bahai-library.com

Mazal, Peter (1999). "1. The Moral Domain". Selected Topics of Comparison in Christianity and the Baháʼí Faith (MA thesis). Landegg Academy. Retrieved 13 September 2006.

bahai.org

reference.bahai.org

Effendi, Shoghi. Unfolding Destiny. pp. 134–135.

bayefsky.com

"HRC views in case Yoon and Choi v. Republic of Korea, communications nos. 1321-1322/2004" (PDF). Retrieved 12 August 2017.

catholicpeacefellowship.org

Staff of the Catholic Peace Fellowship (2007). "The Life and Witness of Ben Salmon". Sign of Peace. 6.1 (Spring 2007).

coe.int

echr.coe.int

"Chamber Judgement Ulke vs. Turkey" Archived 2006-10-09 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed June 7, 2006.

columbia.edu

Sven Lindqvist, "A History of Bombing" (Nu dog du: bombernas århundrade), 1999, relevant quotation at [1]

compassionatespirit.com

C John Cadoux (1919). The Early Christian Attitude to War.

court.gov.il

elyon1.court.gov.il

"בבית המשפט העליון בשבתו כבית משפט גבוה לצדק" (in Hebrew). 21 February 2012. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2013.

doi.org

Ordás García, Carlos Ángel (May 2022). "The Antimilitarist Campaign against Compulsory Military Service in Spain during the 1970s and 1980s". Contemporary European History. 31 (3). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press: 286–304. doi:10.1017/S0960777322000224. ISSN 1469-2171. S2CID 249051063.

faz.net

"Aktuelle Nachrichten online". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Retrieved 12 October 2016.

findlaw.com

caselaw.lp.findlaw.com

"FindLaw's United States Supreme Court case and opinions". Findlaw. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

gameo.org

"Bruderhof Communities – GAMEO". gameo.org. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
Braun, Abraham; Block, Th.; Klippenstein, Lawrence (1989). "Forsteidienst, Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online". Retrieved 7 November 2006.

georgetown.edu

woodstock.georgetown.edu

Murray, John Courtney (4 June 1967). "Selective Conscientious Objection; Editor Note: An address given at Western Maryland College, June 4, 1967. First published as pamphlet entitled "Selective Conscientious Objection" by Our Sunday Visitor (Huntington, IN: Our Sunday Visitor, Inc.). Republished as "War and Conscience" in A Conflict of Loyalties: The Case for Selective Conscientious Objected, 19–30, ed. by James Finn, (New York: Gegasus, 1968)". Woodstock Theological Center. Archived from the original on 14 June 2008. Retrieved 25 September 2008.

gobiernobogota.gov.co

"Objecion conciencia cuando y donde se puede practicar". gobiernobogota.gov.co. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.

heraldm.com

koreaherald.heraldm.com

"Should conscientious objectors be jailed?". Korea Herald. 19 September 2011. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2012.

jw-media.org

"South Korea". Jehovah’s Witnesses Official Media Web Site. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012. Imprisonment of conscientious objectors to military service]
Korean government held responsible for deaths of five conscientious objectors Archived 2010-01-11 at the Wayback Machine
Restrictions on Religious Freedom Archived 2010-02-18 at the Wayback Machine
"Ruling allows Korea to continue imprisoning conscientious objectors". Jehovah’s Witnesses Official Media Web Site (Press release). 2 September 2011. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2011.

jw.org

Armenia Releases All Imprisoned Jehovah's Witnesses.

koreaherald.co.kr

"Abuse blamed for mysterious deaths in army". Korea Herald. 17 January 2009. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2009.

koreatimes.co.kr

Conscientious Objectors to Get Non-Armed Services for 36 Months
"Objectors Top 5,000". 8 January 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

menwhosaidno.org

"The Men Who Said No". Peace Pledge Union. Retrieved 30 May 2021.

nh.gov

"State Constitution - Bill of Rights". Retrieved 21 February 2024.

nobelprize.org

"The Imperatives of Survival". Nobel Foundation. 1974. Retrieved 30 April 2008.

ntvmsnbc.com

"NTV Haber – Türkiye ve Dünya Gündemi Güncel Son Dakika Haberleri". ntvmsnbc.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

nytimes.com

Sang-Hun, Choe (28 June 2018). "South Korea Must Offer Civilian Alternatives to Military Service, Court Rules". The New York Times. Retrieved 29 June 2018.

nyu.edu

www1.law.nyu.edu

D. CHRISTOPHER DECKER; AND LUCIA FRESA (29 March 2001). "THE STATUS OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION UNDER ARTICLE 4 OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, 33 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 379 (2000); See pages 412–424, (or PDF pages 34–36)" (PDF). New York University School of Law, Issues – Volume 33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2009.
D. CHRISTOPHER DECKER; AND LUCIA FRESA (29 March 2001). "THE STATUS OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION UNDER ARTICLE 4 OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, 33 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 379 (2000)" (PDF). New York University School of Law, Issues – Volume 33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2009.

nzhistory.govt.nz

"Field punishment No 1". nzhistory.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

ohchr.org

On July 30, 2001, explicit clarification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Article 18 was made in the United Nations Human Rights Committee general comment 22, Para. 11: "Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief. Framework for communications. Conscientious Objection". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 6 January 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
"International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights". Retrieved 15 May 2008.
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (2012). "Conscientious objection to military service" (PDF).
United Nations Human Rights Office. "New Zealand Law and Conscientious Objection" (PDF).

www2.ohchr.org

"International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 5 July 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
"Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief. Framework for communications. Conscientious Objection". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2008.

ap.ohchr.org

"Conscientious objection to military service, Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77, Navigation to document: press "next" four times, see bottom listing, and at the right choose letter for language ("E" for English) Document: CHR 54th 4/22/1998E/CN.4/RES/1998/77". United Nations Human Rights, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. 1998. Retrieved 24 April 2008.

opednews.com

"Confessions of a Military Industrial Complex Conscientious Objector". OpEdNews. Archived from the original on 27 April 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

overheid.nl

wetten.overheid.nl

Wet gewetensbezwaren militaire dienst

paconstitution.org

"Constitution of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania – 1790". Retrieved 21 February 2024.

paragraf.rs

Law about civil service https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/zakon_o_civilnoj_sluzbi.html
Decision on the suspension of the obligation to serve the military service https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/odluka_o_obustavi_obaveze_sluzenja_vojnog_roka.html

peoplepower21.org

blog.peoplepower21.org

Second Session of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) Archived 2008-07-26 at the Wayback Machine

quakersintheworld.org

"Conscientious Objection".

religioustolerance.org

"The Seventh-day Adventist Church: Controversies, books and other resources" Archived 11 September 2012 at archive.today, religioustolerance.org, Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.

reuters.com

"South Korea military objectors say don't jail pacifists". Reuters. 2 September 2008. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Lee, Joyce (30 December 2018). "South Korea Supreme Court allows conscientious objection to military service in landmark ruling". Reuters. Retrieved 17 March 2019.

savaskarsitlari.org

See the list on the pages of the "opponents to war" Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine (tr:savaş karşıtları), accessed on 15 May 2011

sdarm.org

"Origin of the Seventh Day Adventist Reform Movement" Archived 2010-08-15 at the Wayback Machine.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Ordás García, Carlos Ángel (May 2022). "The Antimilitarist Campaign against Compulsory Military Service in Spain during the 1970s and 1980s". Contemporary European History. 31 (3). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press: 286–304. doi:10.1017/S0960777322000224. ISSN 1469-2171. S2CID 249051063.

seruv.org.il

Courage to Refuse Archived 2010-03-08 at the Wayback Machine Pilots letter

sidadventist.org

sidadventist.org^{[permanent dead link‍]}

spartacus-educational.com

A. J. P. Taylor, English History, 1914–1945 (Oxford University Press, 1990), p. 116; FWW Pacifists at spartacus-educational.com

sss.gov

"Conscientious Objection and Alternative Service". Selective Service System. Archived from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.

teara.govt.nz

Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Conscientious objection". teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 25 January 2023.

thediplomat.com

Diplomat, Yena Lee, The. "A Korean Conscientious Objector in Paris". Retrieved 12 August 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

thenation.com

The Nation (23 September 2003). "In Fact... (THE ISRAELI PEACE MOVEMENT TAKES FLIGHT)". The Nation. Retrieved 11 January 2010.

thenorthernecho.co.uk

Silence in castle to honour First World War conscientious objectors dated 25 June 2013 at thenorthernecho.co.uk, accessed 19 October 2014

unac.org

See "Questions and answers about the Universal Declaration". Archived from the original on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2004. under "Who are the signatories of the Declaration?"

unhchr.ch

United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (22 April 1998). "Conscientious objection to military service; Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77; see preamble "Aware..."". United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2009.
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (22 April 1998). "Conscientious objection to military service; Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77; see point *7". United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2009.
"unhchr.ch". unhchr.ch. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

unhcr.org

UN Commission on Human Rights (8 March 1995). "UN Commission on Human Rights, Conscientious objection to military service., 8 March 1995, E/CN.4/RES/1995/83 (See point #2)". UN Commission on Human Rights. Retrieved 2 December 2009.
"Conscientious objection to military service; E/CN.4/RES/1998/77; See introductory paragraph". UN Commission on Human Rights. 22 April 1998. Retrieved 9 December 2009.
"Conscientious objection to military service; E/CN.4/RES/1998/77; See Point #5". UN Commission on Human Rights. 22 April 1998. Retrieved 9 December 2009.
Source: Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status under the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees

upi.com

Romania drops compulsory military service, United Press International, 23 October 2006

usf.edu

fcit.usf.edu

September 17, 1939 The New York Times See also: A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust by Florida Center for Instructional Technology [2]

vatican.va

Catechism of the Catholic Church.

web.archive.org

On July 30, 2001, explicit clarification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Article 18 was made in the United Nations Human Rights Committee general comment 22, Para. 11: "Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief. Framework for communications. Conscientious Objection". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 6 January 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
"Confessions of a Military Industrial Complex Conscientious Objector". OpEdNews. Archived from the original on 27 April 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"Campaigns: International Day on Conscientious Objection". Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (22 April 1998). "Conscientious objection to military service; Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77; see preamble "Aware..."". United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2009.
D. CHRISTOPHER DECKER; AND LUCIA FRESA (29 March 2001). "THE STATUS OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION UNDER ARTICLE 4 OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, 33 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 379 (2000); See pages 412–424, (or PDF pages 34–36)" (PDF). New York University School of Law, Issues – Volume 33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2009.
See "Questions and answers about the Universal Declaration". Archived from the original on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2004. under "Who are the signatories of the Declaration?"
"International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 5 July 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
"A Conscientious Objector's Guide to the UN Human Rights System". War Resisters International. Archived from the original on 15 May 2008. Retrieved 30 April 2008.
"Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief. Framework for communications. Conscientious Objection". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (22 April 1998). "Conscientious objection to military service; Commission on Human Rights resolution 1998/77; see point *7". United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2009.
Murray, John Courtney (4 June 1967). "Selective Conscientious Objection; Editor Note: An address given at Western Maryland College, June 4, 1967. First published as pamphlet entitled "Selective Conscientious Objection" by Our Sunday Visitor (Huntington, IN: Our Sunday Visitor, Inc.). Republished as "War and Conscience" in A Conflict of Loyalties: The Case for Selective Conscientious Objected, 19–30, ed. by James Finn, (New York: Gegasus, 1968)". Woodstock Theological Center. Archived from the original on 14 June 2008. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
Courage to Refuse Archived 2010-03-08 at the Wayback Machine Pilots letter
"Origin of the Seventh Day Adventist Reform Movement" Archived 2010-08-15 at the Wayback Machine.
D. CHRISTOPHER DECKER; AND LUCIA FRESA (29 March 2001). "THE STATUS OF CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION UNDER ARTICLE 4 OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS, 33 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 379 (2000)" (PDF). New York University School of Law, Issues – Volume 33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2009.
"Objecion conciencia cuando y donde se puede practicar". gobiernobogota.gov.co. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
"Eritrea". wri-irg.org. War Resisters' International. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
"Suomi syrjii aseistakieltäytyjiä! – AKL". aseistakieltaytyjaliitto.fi. Archived from the original on 26 July 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"15 mai – Journée internationale de l'objection de conscience – Internationale des Résistant(e)s à la Guerre". wri-irg.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"Conscientious objection to military service in Israel: an unrecognised human right – War Resisters' International". wri-irg.org. Archived from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"South Korea". Jehovah’s Witnesses Official Media Web Site. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012. Imprisonment of conscientious objectors to military service]
Second Session of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) Archived 2008-07-26 at the Wayback Machine
Korean government held responsible for deaths of five conscientious objectors Archived 2010-01-11 at the Wayback Machine
"Abuse blamed for mysterious deaths in army". Korea Herald. 17 January 2009. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2009.
Restrictions on Religious Freedom Archived 2010-02-18 at the Wayback Machine
"Ruling allows Korea to continue imprisoning conscientious objectors". Jehovah’s Witnesses Official Media Web Site (Press release). 2 September 2011. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2011.
"Chamber Judgement Ulke vs. Turkey" Archived 2006-10-09 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed June 7, 2006.
See the list on the pages of the "opponents to war" Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine (tr:savaş karşıtları), accessed on 15 May 2011
"NTV Haber – Türkiye ve Dünya Gündemi Güncel Son Dakika Haberleri". ntvmsnbc.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"Conscientious Objection and Alternative Service". Selective Service System. Archived from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
"Professional Soldiers and the Right to Conscientious Objection in the European Union" (PDF). War Resisters' International. October 2008. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2011.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Spanish Constitution section 30.2

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Ordás García, Carlos Ángel (May 2022). "The Antimilitarist Campaign against Compulsory Military Service in Spain during the 1970s and 1980s". Contemporary European History. 31 (3). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press: 286–304. doi:10.1017/S0960777322000224. ISSN 1469-2171. S2CID 249051063.

wri-irg.org

"Campaigns: International Day on Conscientious Objection". Archived from the original on 25 June 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
"A Conscientious Objector's Guide to the UN Human Rights System". War Resisters International. Archived from the original on 15 May 2008. Retrieved 30 April 2008.
"Eritrea". wri-irg.org. War Resisters' International. Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
"15 mai – Journée internationale de l'objection de conscience – Internationale des Résistant(e)s à la Guerre". wri-irg.org. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"Conscientious objection to military service in Israel: an unrecognised human right – War Resisters' International". wri-irg.org. Archived from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
"Professional Soldiers and the Right to Conscientious Objection in the European Union" (PDF). War Resisters' International. October 2008. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2011.