Cumulus cloud (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Cumulus cloud" in English language version.

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25doi.org

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23harvard.edu

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11web.archive.org

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archive.org

Ludlum 2000, p. 473 Ludlum, David McWilliams (2000). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Weather. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-40851-2. OCLC 56559729.
Thompson, Philip; Robert O'Brien (1965). Weather. New York: Time Inc. pp. 86–87.
Ludlum 2000, p. 448 Ludlum, David McWilliams (2000). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Weather. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-40851-2. OCLC 56559729.
Ludlum 2000, p. 471 Ludlum, David McWilliams (2000). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Weather. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-40851-2. OCLC 56559729.

books.google.com

Pretor-Pinney 2007, p. 17 Pretor-Pinney, Gavin (June 2007). The Cloudspotter's Guide: The Science, History, and Culture of Clouds. Penguin Group. ISBN 978-1-101-20331-6.
Pretor-Pinney 2007, p. 20 Pretor-Pinney, Gavin (June 2007). The Cloudspotter's Guide: The Science, History, and Culture of Clouds. Penguin Group. ISBN 978-1-101-20331-6.
Dunlop 2003, pp. 77–78 Dunlop, Storm (June 2003). The Weather Identification Handbook. Lyons Press. ISBN 978-1-58574-857-0.
Dunlop 2003, p. 79 Dunlop, Storm (June 2003). The Weather Identification Handbook. Lyons Press. ISBN 978-1-58574-857-0.
Hubbard & Hubbard 2000, p. 340 Hubbard, Richard; Hubbard, Richard Keith (2000). "Glossary". Boater's Bowditch: The Small Craft American Practical Navigator (2nd ed.). International Marine/Ragged Mountain Press. ISBN 978-0-07-136136-1.
Irwin 2003, p. 115 Irwin, Patrick (July 2003). Giant Planets of Our Solar System: Atmospheres, Composition, and Structure (1st ed.). Springer. p. 115. ISBN 978-3-540-00681-7.
Bougher & Phillips 1997, pp. 127–129 Bougher, Stephen Wesley; Phillips, Roger (1997). Venus II: Geology, Geophysics, Atmosphere, and Solar Wind Environment. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-8165-1830-2.

doi.org

Stommel 1947, p. 91 Stommel, Harry (June 1947). "Entrainment of Air Into a Cumulus Cloud". Journal of Meteorology. 4 (3): 91–94. Bibcode:1947JAtS....4...91S. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1947)004<0091:EOAIAC>2.0.CO;2.
Mossop & Hallett 1974, pp. 632–634 Mossop, S. C.; Hallett, J. (November 1974). "Ice Crystal Concentration in Cumulus Clouds: Influence of the Drop Spectrum". Science Magazine. 186 (4164): 632–634. Bibcode:1974Sci...186..632M. doi:10.1126/science.186.4164.632. PMID 17833720. S2CID 19285155.
Langmuir 1948, p. 175 Langmuir, Irving (October 1948). "The Production of Rain by a Chain Reaction in Cumulus Clouds at Temperatures Above Freezing". Journal of Meteorology. 5 (5): 175–192. Bibcode:1948JAtS....5..175L. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1948)005<0175:TPORBA>2.0.CO;2.
Langmuir 1948, p. 177 Langmuir, Irving (October 1948). "The Production of Rain by a Chain Reaction in Cumulus Clouds at Temperatures Above Freezing". Journal of Meteorology. 5 (5): 175–192. Bibcode:1948JAtS....5..175L. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1948)005<0175:TPORBA>2.0.CO;2.
Stommel 1947, p. 94 Stommel, Harry (June 1947). "Entrainment of Air Into a Cumulus Cloud". Journal of Meteorology. 4 (3): 91–94. Bibcode:1947JAtS....4...91S. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1947)004<0091:EOAIAC>2.0.CO;2.
Weston 1980, p. 433 Weston, K. J. (October 1980). "An Observational Study of Convective Cloud Streets". Tell Us. 32 (35): 433–438. Bibcode:1980Tell...32..433W. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb00970.x.
Weston 1980, pp. 437–438 Weston, K. J. (October 1980). "An Observational Study of Convective Cloud Streets". Tell Us. 32 (35): 433–438. Bibcode:1980Tell...32..433W. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb00970.x.
Warner 1969, p. 1049 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1051 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1052 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1054 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1056 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1058 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Allaby, Michael, ed. (2010). "Pannus". A Dictionary of Ecology (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780199567669.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-956766-9.
Garrett et al. 2006, p. i Garrett, T. J.; Dean-Day, J.; Liu, C.; Barnett, B.; Mace, G.; Baumgardner, D.; Webster, C.; Bui, T.; Read, W.; Minnis, P. (19 April 2006). "Convective formation of pileus cloud near the tropopause". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6 (5): 1185–1200. Bibcode:2006ACP.....6.1185G. doi:10.5194/acp-6-1185-2006. hdl:2060/20080015842.
Del Genfo, Lacis & Ruedy 1991, p. 384 Del Genfo, Anthony D.; Lacis, Andrew A.; Ruedy, Reto A. (30 May 1991). "Simulations of the effect of a warmer climate on atmospheric humidity". Nature. 351 (6325): 382–385. Bibcode:1991Natur.351..382G. doi:10.1038/351382a0. S2CID 4274337.
Miyazaki et al. 2001, p. 364 Miyazaki, Ryo; Yoshida, Satoru; Dobashi, Yoshinori; Nishita, Tomoyula (2001). "A method for modeling clouds based on atmospheric fluid dynamics". Proceedings Ninth Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications. Pacific Graphics 2001. p. 363. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.76.7428. doi:10.1109/PCCGA.2001.962893. ISBN 978-0-7695-1227-3. S2CID 6656499.
Parungo 1995, p. 251 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Parungo 1995, p. 252 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Parungo 1995, p. 254 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Carey et al. 2008, p. 2490 Carey, Lawrence D.; Niu, Jianguo; Yang, Ping; Kankiewicz, J. Adam; Larson, Vincent E.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder (September 2008). "The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 47 (9): 2487–2495. Bibcode:2008JApMC..47.2487C. doi:10.1175/2008JAMC1885.1.
Carey et al. 2008, p. 2491 Carey, Lawrence D.; Niu, Jianguo; Yang, Ping; Kankiewicz, J. Adam; Larson, Vincent E.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder (September 2008). "The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 47 (9): 2487–2495. Bibcode:2008JApMC..47.2487C. doi:10.1175/2008JAMC1885.1.
Carey et al. 2008, p. 2494 Carey, Lawrence D.; Niu, Jianguo; Yang, Ping; Kankiewicz, J. Adam; Larson, Vincent E.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder (September 2008). "The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 47 (9): 2487–2495. Bibcode:2008JApMC..47.2487C. doi:10.1175/2008JAMC1885.1.
Wood 2012, p. 2374 Wood, Robert (August 2012). "Stratocumulus Clouds". Monthly Weather Review. 140 (8): 2373–2423. Bibcode:2012MWRv..140.2373W. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-11-00121.1.
Wood 2012, p. 2398 Wood, Robert (August 2012). "Stratocumulus Clouds". Monthly Weather Review. 140 (8): 2373–2423. Bibcode:2012MWRv..140.2373W. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-11-00121.1.

gatech.edu

nenes.eas.gatech.edu

"Common Cloud Names, Shapes, and Altitudes" (PDF). Georgia Institute of Technology. pp. 2, 10–13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Garrett et al. 2006, p. i Garrett, T. J.; Dean-Day, J.; Liu, C.; Barnett, B.; Mace, G.; Baumgardner, D.; Webster, C.; Bui, T.; Read, W.; Minnis, P. (19 April 2006). "Convective formation of pileus cloud near the tropopause". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6 (5): 1185–1200. Bibcode:2006ACP.....6.1185G. doi:10.5194/acp-6-1185-2006. hdl:2060/20080015842.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Stommel 1947, p. 91 Stommel, Harry (June 1947). "Entrainment of Air Into a Cumulus Cloud". Journal of Meteorology. 4 (3): 91–94. Bibcode:1947JAtS....4...91S. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1947)004<0091:EOAIAC>2.0.CO;2.
Mossop & Hallett 1974, pp. 632–634 Mossop, S. C.; Hallett, J. (November 1974). "Ice Crystal Concentration in Cumulus Clouds: Influence of the Drop Spectrum". Science Magazine. 186 (4164): 632–634. Bibcode:1974Sci...186..632M. doi:10.1126/science.186.4164.632. PMID 17833720. S2CID 19285155.
Langmuir 1948, p. 175 Langmuir, Irving (October 1948). "The Production of Rain by a Chain Reaction in Cumulus Clouds at Temperatures Above Freezing". Journal of Meteorology. 5 (5): 175–192. Bibcode:1948JAtS....5..175L. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1948)005<0175:TPORBA>2.0.CO;2.
Langmuir 1948, p. 177 Langmuir, Irving (October 1948). "The Production of Rain by a Chain Reaction in Cumulus Clouds at Temperatures Above Freezing". Journal of Meteorology. 5 (5): 175–192. Bibcode:1948JAtS....5..175L. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1948)005<0175:TPORBA>2.0.CO;2.
Stommel 1947, p. 94 Stommel, Harry (June 1947). "Entrainment of Air Into a Cumulus Cloud". Journal of Meteorology. 4 (3): 91–94. Bibcode:1947JAtS....4...91S. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1947)004<0091:EOAIAC>2.0.CO;2.
Weston 1980, p. 433 Weston, K. J. (October 1980). "An Observational Study of Convective Cloud Streets". Tell Us. 32 (35): 433–438. Bibcode:1980Tell...32..433W. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb00970.x.
Weston 1980, pp. 437–438 Weston, K. J. (October 1980). "An Observational Study of Convective Cloud Streets". Tell Us. 32 (35): 433–438. Bibcode:1980Tell...32..433W. doi:10.1111/j.2153-3490.1980.tb00970.x.
Warner 1969, p. 1049 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1051 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1052 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1054 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1056 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Warner 1969, p. 1058 Warner, J. (September 1969). "The Micro structure of Cumulus Cloud. Part I. General Features of the Droplet Spectrum". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 26 (5): 1049–1059. Bibcode:1969JAtS...26.1049W. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1969)026<1049:TMOCCP>2.0.CO;2.
Garrett et al. 2006, p. i Garrett, T. J.; Dean-Day, J.; Liu, C.; Barnett, B.; Mace, G.; Baumgardner, D.; Webster, C.; Bui, T.; Read, W.; Minnis, P. (19 April 2006). "Convective formation of pileus cloud near the tropopause". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 6 (5): 1185–1200. Bibcode:2006ACP.....6.1185G. doi:10.5194/acp-6-1185-2006. hdl:2060/20080015842.
Del Genfo, Lacis & Ruedy 1991, p. 384 Del Genfo, Anthony D.; Lacis, Andrew A.; Ruedy, Reto A. (30 May 1991). "Simulations of the effect of a warmer climate on atmospheric humidity". Nature. 351 (6325): 382–385. Bibcode:1991Natur.351..382G. doi:10.1038/351382a0. S2CID 4274337.
Parungo 1995, p. 251 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Parungo 1995, p. 252 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Parungo 1995, p. 254 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Carey et al. 2008, p. 2490 Carey, Lawrence D.; Niu, Jianguo; Yang, Ping; Kankiewicz, J. Adam; Larson, Vincent E.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder (September 2008). "The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 47 (9): 2487–2495. Bibcode:2008JApMC..47.2487C. doi:10.1175/2008JAMC1885.1.
Carey et al. 2008, p. 2491 Carey, Lawrence D.; Niu, Jianguo; Yang, Ping; Kankiewicz, J. Adam; Larson, Vincent E.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder (September 2008). "The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 47 (9): 2487–2495. Bibcode:2008JApMC..47.2487C. doi:10.1175/2008JAMC1885.1.
Carey et al. 2008, p. 2494 Carey, Lawrence D.; Niu, Jianguo; Yang, Ping; Kankiewicz, J. Adam; Larson, Vincent E.; Haar, Thomas H. Vonder (September 2008). "The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds". Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 47 (9): 2487–2495. Bibcode:2008JApMC..47.2487C. doi:10.1175/2008JAMC1885.1.
Wood 2012, p. 2374 Wood, Robert (August 2012). "Stratocumulus Clouds". Monthly Weather Review. 140 (8): 2373–2423. Bibcode:2012MWRv..140.2373W. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-11-00121.1.
Wood 2012, p. 2398 Wood, Robert (August 2012). "Stratocumulus Clouds". Monthly Weather Review. 140 (8): 2373–2423. Bibcode:2012MWRv..140.2373W. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-11-00121.1.

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Mossop & Hallett 1974, pp. 632–634 Mossop, S. C.; Hallett, J. (November 1974). "Ice Crystal Concentration in Cumulus Clouds: Influence of the Drop Spectrum". Science Magazine. 186 (4164): 632–634. Bibcode:1974Sci...186..632M. doi:10.1126/science.186.4164.632. PMID 17833720. S2CID 19285155.

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crh.noaa.gov

"Cloud Classification and Characteristics". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
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api.semanticscholar.org

Mossop & Hallett 1974, pp. 632–634 Mossop, S. C.; Hallett, J. (November 1974). "Ice Crystal Concentration in Cumulus Clouds: Influence of the Drop Spectrum". Science Magazine. 186 (4164): 632–634. Bibcode:1974Sci...186..632M. doi:10.1126/science.186.4164.632. PMID 17833720. S2CID 19285155.
Del Genfo, Lacis & Ruedy 1991, p. 384 Del Genfo, Anthony D.; Lacis, Andrew A.; Ruedy, Reto A. (30 May 1991). "Simulations of the effect of a warmer climate on atmospheric humidity". Nature. 351 (6325): 382–385. Bibcode:1991Natur.351..382G. doi:10.1038/351382a0. S2CID 4274337.
Miyazaki et al. 2001, p. 364 Miyazaki, Ryo; Yoshida, Satoru; Dobashi, Yoshinori; Nishita, Tomoyula (2001). "A method for modeling clouds based on atmospheric fluid dynamics". Proceedings Ninth Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications. Pacific Graphics 2001. p. 363. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.76.7428. doi:10.1109/PCCGA.2001.962893. ISBN 978-0-7695-1227-3. S2CID 6656499.

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web.archive.org

"Cloud Classification and Characteristics". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
Barrett, E. C.; Grant, C. K. (1976). "The identification of cloud types in LANDSAT MSS images". NASA. Archived from the original on 2013-10-05. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
"Cumulus clouds". Weather. 16 October 2005. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 16 October 2012.
"Cloud Classifications". JetStream. National Weather Service. Archived from the original on 7 November 2014. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
"WMO classification of clouds" (PDF). World Meteorological Organization. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2005-02-26. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
"L7 Clouds: Stratus fractus (StFra) and/or Cumulus fractus (CuFra) bad weather". JetStream - Online School for Weather: Cloud Classifications. National Weather Service. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
"Weather Glossary". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
"Will Clouds Speed or Slow Global Warming?". National Science Foundation. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2012.
Funk, Ted. "Cloud Classifications and Characteristics" (PDF). The Science Corner. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 20, 2004. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
"Common Cloud Names, Shapes, and Altitudes" (PDF). Georgia Institute of Technology. pp. 2, 10–13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
Minard, Anne (14 October 2008). "Mysterious Cyclones Seen at Both of Saturn's Poles". National Geographic News. Archived from the original on 23 November 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2013.

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worldcat.org

Ludlum 2000, p. 473 Ludlum, David McWilliams (2000). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Weather. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-40851-2. OCLC 56559729.
Parungo 1995, p. 251 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Ludlum 2000, p. 448 Ludlum, David McWilliams (2000). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Weather. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-40851-2. OCLC 56559729.
Parungo 1995, p. 252 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Parungo 1995, p. 254 Parungo, F. (May 1995). "Ice Crystals in High Clouds and Contrails". Atmospheric Research. 38 (1): 249–262. Bibcode:1995AtmRe..38..249P. doi:10.1016/0169-8095(94)00096-V. OCLC 90987092.
Ludlum 2000, p. 471 Ludlum, David McWilliams (2000). National Audubon Society Field Guide to Weather. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-679-40851-2. OCLC 56559729.