Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Debt-trap diplomacy" in English language version.
Lim Guan Eng, Malaysian finance minister, said the cancelled projects were two oil and gas pipelines in mainland Malaysia and the island of Borneo that cost more than $1bn apiece, and a $795m pipeline linking the state of Malacca to a Petronas refinery and petrochemical plant in the state of Johor [...] Only an average of 13 percent of the pipelines' construction has been completed, while almost 90 percent of the projects' value has been paid to contractor China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau, according to the finance ministry.
CHINA AND VENEZUELA: LOSE-LOSE It is perhaps no coincidence, then, that those most keen to highlight and warn of China's debt-trap diplomacy, or of similar threats such as "creditor imperialism," fail to mention the country with arguably the most unsustainable debt-based relationship with China: Venezuela.
The project has been heavily criticized amid allegations of debt-trap diplomacy and neo-colonialism.
Laos is up to its neck in debt. At the end of 2022 it owed $10.5bn to foreign lenders, the equivalent of 84% of its GDP. About half of the money had been borrowed from China. Last year Laos's foreign-currency reserves fell so low that it struggled to buy fuel. Credit-rating agencies warned that it was close to defaulting. China has allowed Laos to defer debt repayments.
Lim Guan Eng, Malaysian finance minister, said the cancelled projects were two oil and gas pipelines in mainland Malaysia and the island of Borneo that cost more than $1bn apiece, and a $795m pipeline linking the state of Malacca to a Petronas refinery and petrochemical plant in the state of Johor [...] Only an average of 13 percent of the pipelines' construction has been completed, while almost 90 percent of the projects' value has been paid to contractor China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau, according to the finance ministry.
Scores of countries caught in a debt trap are being 'adjusted* to a new world order designed by the economic elites of the major industrial countries
But has there ever really been such a thing as Chinese debt trap diplomacy, as Indian strategist Brahma Chellaney is credited with coining the term in 2017?
The geostrategist from India, Brahma Chellaney, is frequently credited with having coined the term 'Debt Trap Diplomacy (DTD)' in 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)The geostrategist from India, Brahma Chellaney, is frequently credited with having coined the term 'Debt Trap Diplomacy (DTD)' in 2017.
But has there ever really been such a thing as Chinese debt trap diplomacy, as Indian strategist Brahma Chellaney is credited with coining the term in 2017?
CHINA AND VENEZUELA: LOSE-LOSE It is perhaps no coincidence, then, that those most keen to highlight and warn of China's debt-trap diplomacy, or of similar threats such as "creditor imperialism," fail to mention the country with arguably the most unsustainable debt-based relationship with China: Venezuela.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)Laos is up to its neck in debt. At the end of 2022 it owed $10.5bn to foreign lenders, the equivalent of 84% of its GDP. About half of the money had been borrowed from China. Last year Laos's foreign-currency reserves fell so low that it struggled to buy fuel. Credit-rating agencies warned that it was close to defaulting. China has allowed Laos to defer debt repayments.
The project has been heavily criticized amid allegations of debt-trap diplomacy and neo-colonialism.
Scores of countries caught in a debt trap are being 'adjusted* to a new world order designed by the economic elites of the major industrial countries
Laos is up to its neck in debt. At the end of 2022 it owed $10.5bn to foreign lenders, the equivalent of 84% of its GDP. About half of the money had been borrowed from China. Last year Laos's foreign-currency reserves fell so low that it struggled to buy fuel. Credit-rating agencies warned that it was close to defaulting. China has allowed Laos to defer debt repayments.