Democratic Republic of the Congo (English Wikipedia)

AfroConex (9 March 2023). "Spreading Ndombolo Dance Across Africa with Bush Sebar". AfroConex. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.

aljazeera.com

Al Jazeera News (9 March 2018). "UN: Two million children risk starvation in DRC." Al Jazeera News website Archived 9 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 9 March 2018.
Mohamed, Hamza (26 December 2018). DR Congo election board delays vote in three cities Archived 10 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Al Jazeera.
"DR Congo names new cabinet, cements president's power". Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
"Rapes 'surge' in DR Congo". Al Jazeera. 15 April 2010. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2010.

allafrica.com

Gouby, Melanie (4 April 2012). "Congo-Kinshasa: General Ntaganda and Loyalists Desert Armed Forces". allafrica.com. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
"Rwanda Kicks Off Quest for Africa Women's Volleyball Championship Against Morocco". Damas Sikubwabo (AllAfrica). 12 September 2021. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.

fr.allafrica.com

Tchakam, Stéphane (2 December 2003). "Cameroun: L'autre danse congolaise". Cameroon Tribune (in French). Retrieved 8 November 2023.

apnews.com

Mwanamilongo, Saleh; Anna, Cara (24 January 2019). "Congo's surprise new leader in 1st peaceful power transfer". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
"Congolese army says shootout in the capital is failed coup, perpetrators arrested". AP News. 19 May 2024. Retrieved 19 May 2024.

archive.org

Meredith, Martin (2005). The Fate of Africa. New York: Public Affairs. p. 6. ISBN 9781586482466.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges (2007). The Congo, From Leopold to Kabila: A People's History (3rd ed.). New York: Palgrave. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-84277-053-5.
Ludwig, Arnold M. (2002). King of the Mountain: The Nature of Political Leadership. University Press of Kentucky. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-8131-2233-5.

arquivo.pt

"Gorillas on Thin Ice". United Nations Environment Programme. 15 January 2009. Archived from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2010.

assemblee-nationale.cd

"The National Assembly adopts the laws regarding the limits of the provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (in French)". National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 10 January 2015. Archived from the original on 27 January 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

assetrecovery.org

"Court agrees to release Mobutu assets" Archived 23 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Swissinfo, Basel Institute of Governance, 14 July 2009.

bbc.co.uk

* "DR Congo: Rampant Intercommunal Violence in West". Human Rights Watch. 2023. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- "DR Congo country profile". BBC News. 14 April 2023. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- The East African slave trade Archived 6 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine. BBC World Service: The Story of Africa; accessed 2 December 2017.
- "Rebels in DR Congo withdraw from Goma". BBC News. 1 December 2012. Archived from the original on 6 December 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- "Goma: M23 rebels capture DR Congo city". BBC News. 20 November 2012. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- "Rwanda defence chief leads DR Congo rebels, UN report says". BBC News. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- "Rwanda military aiding DRC mutiny, report says". BBC News. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
- "DR Congo M23 rebels 'end insurgency'". BBC News. 5 November 2013. Archived from the original on 6 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- "Katanga: Fighting for DR Congo's cash cow to secede". BBC News. 11 August 2013. Archived from the original on 10 September 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
- Interview on BBC Newshour, Feb. 15, 2018 Archived 5 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine. See also BBC DR Congo country profile Archived 29 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
news.bbc.co.uk
- Fessy, Thomas (23 October 2008). "Congo terror after LRA rebel raids". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- "thousands flee LRA in DR Congo". BBC News. 25 September 2008. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- "UN official calls DR Congo 'rape capital of the world.'". BBC. 28 April 2010. Archived from the original on 22 November 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
- Coltan is a major source of tantalum which is used in the fabrication of electronic components in computers and mobile phones. The coltan mines are small, and non-mechanized. DR Congo poll crucial for Africa" Archived 2 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News. 16 November 2006.

bbc.com

BBC. (9 October 2013). "DR Congo: Cursed by its natural wealth". BBC News website Archived 31 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 9 December 2017.
Interview on BBC Newshour, Feb. 15, 2018 Archived 5 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine. See also BBC DR Congo country profile Archived 29 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
"DR Congo presidential election: Outcry as Tshisekedi named winner". BBC. 10 January 2019. Archived from the original on 11 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
DR Congo: Nearly 900 killed in ethnic clashes last month, UN says Archived 5 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. BBC. Published 16 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
"DR Congo measles: Nearly 5,000 dead in major outbreak" Archived 11 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine (21 November 2019). BBC. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
"Covid: DR Congo in race against time to vaccinate people". BBC News. 10 May 2021. Archived from the original on 5 July 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
Kinver, Mark (12 September 2019). "World 'losing battle against deforestation'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 18 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
"Vital Kamerhe: DRC president's chief of staff found guilty of corruption". BBC News. 20 June 2020. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Makumeno, Emery (1 July 2022). "Musique : qu'est-ce que le clan Wenge, pionnier de la danse Ndombolo ?". BBC News Afrique (in French). Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.

bernsteinresearch.com

"10th Annual Pan-European Conference Strategic Decisions 2013". Bernstein Research. Sanford C. Bernstein Ltd. Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.

bloomberg.com

"Congo Reviews $6.2 Billion China Mining Deal as Criticism Grows". Bloomberg. 28 September 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"China Cash Flowed Through Congo Bank to Former President's Cronies". Bloomberg. 28 November 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

books.google.com

Bobineau, Julien; Gieg, Philipp (2016). The Democratic Republic of the Congo. La République Démocratique du Congo. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 32. ISBN 978-3-643-13473-8.
Kisangani, Emizet Francois (2016). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 158. ISBN 978-1-4422-7316-0.
Anderson, David (2000). Africa's Urban Past. James Currey Publishers. ISBN 978-0-85255-761-7. Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
Emizet Francois Kisangani; Scott F. Bobb (2010). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Scarecrow Press. p. i. ISBN 978-0-8108-6325-5. Archived from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges (2004). From Zaire to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nordic Africa Institute. pp. 5–. ISBN 978-91-7106-538-4. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
Yusuf, A.A. (1998). African Yearbook of International Law, 1997. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ISBN 978-90-411-1055-8. Archived from the original on 10 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
* Weigert, Stephen L. (2011). Angola: A Modern Military History, 1961–2002 (electronic ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. pp. PT122, PT157. ISBN 9780230337831. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Worldmark Yearbook 2000. Vol. 1. Gale Group. 2000. pp. 79, 645. ISBN 9780787649333. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Fage, John D. (1982). The Cambridge history of Africa: From the earliest times to c. 500 BC Archived 18 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Cambridge University Press. p. 748; ISBN 0-521-22803-4
- Philippe Brousmiche (2010). Bortaï: journal de campagne: Abyssinie 1941, offensive belgo-congolaise, Faradje, Asosa, Gambela, Saio (in French). Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-13069-2. Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2020 – via Google Books.
- Abbott, Peter (2014). Modern African Wars (4): The Congo 1960–2002. Oxford; New York City: Osprey Publishing. pp. 14–18. ISBN 978-1-78200-076-1. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
- Young & Turner 2013, p. 58. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- Young & Turner 2013, pp. 61–62. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- Young & Turner 2013, p. 64. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- Young & Turner 2013, p. 74. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper-Progress Report (EPub). International Monetary Fund. 2010. pp. 56–. ISBN 978-1-4552-2241-4. Archived from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
- Trillo, Richard (2002). Kenya. London, United Kingdom: Rough Guides. p. 723. ISBN 978-1-85828-859-8.
- Ethnomusicology. Middletown, Connecticut, United States: Wesleyan University Press for the Society for Ethnomusicology. 2008. pp. 297–309.
- Otiso, Kefa M. (24 January 2013). Culture and Customs of Tanzania. New York City, New York State, United States: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 979-8-216-06991-1. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- Sobania, Neal W. (30 June 2003). Culture and Customs of Kenya. Santa Barbara, California, United States: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. pp. 207–208. ISBN 978-0-313-03936-2. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- George, Nelson; Carr, Daphne (20 October 2008). Best Music Writing 2008. New York City, New York State, United States: Hachette Books. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-7867-2612-7. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
- Buettner, Elizabeth (24 March 2016). Europe after Empire: Decolonization, Society, and Culture. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 313. ISBN 978-1-316-59470-4. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.

brighamandwomens.org

"Female Genital Cutting Rates | African Women's Health Center at BWH" Archived 29 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine. brighamandwomens.org.

britannica.com

"Kinshasa – national capital, Democratic Republic of the Congo". britannica.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
Payanzo, Ntsomo. "Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)". britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.

cambridge.org

Thornton, John K., ed. (2020), "The Development of States in West Central Africa to 1540", A History of West Central Africa to 1850, New Approaches to African History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 16–55, ISBN 978-1-107-56593-7, retrieved 21 September 2024
Thornton, John K., ed. (2020), "The Development of States in West Central Africa to 1540", A History of West Central Africa to 1850, New Approaches to African History, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 16–55, ISBN 978-1-107-56593-7, retrieved 21 September 2024
Thornton, John (2024). "Mwene Muji: A Medieval Empire in Central Africa?". The Journal of African History. 65 (1): 30–46. doi:10.1017/S0021853724000161. ISSN 0021-8537.

catholic-hierarchy.org

"Structured View of Dioceses". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 21 January 2015.

cia.gov

Central Intelligence Agency (2014). "Democratic Republic of the Congo". The World Factbook. Langley, Virginia: Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
"GINI index coefficient". CIA Factbook. Archived from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
"Congo, Democratic Republic of – Military and Security". CIA World Factbook. 16 January 2025. Retrieved 28 January 2025.
"Congo, Democratic Republic of the". 18 April 2022. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
"The World Factbook: Africa – Congo, Democratic Republic of the". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
"The World Factbook – Field Listing : HIV/AIDS : adult prevalence rate". Cia.gov. 2012. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
"The World Factbook – Country Comparison : Maternal mortality rate". Cia.gov. 2010. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"Mobutu dies in exile in Morocco – Sept. 7, 1997". edition.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
"Capture of Zaire's capital complete – May 18, 1997". edition.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.

congochildrentrust.org

"Street Children in D.R.Congo". Congo Children Trust. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
"About the trust". Congo Children Trust. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

constituteproject.org

"Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 2005 (rev. 2011)". Constitute. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2015.

constitutionnet.org

"Interim Constitution – Democratic Republic of the Congo (2003–2006)". ConstitutionNet. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.

courrierinternational.com

International, Courrier. "Le Congolais". Courrierinternational.com/. Courrier International. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2015.

cycad.com

""Zaire: The Hoax of Independence", The Aida Parker Newsletter #203, 4 August 1997". cycad.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2010.

czech.radio

Kabwe, Jason (15 March 2013). "Ndombolo Craze". Czech Radio (in Czech). Archived from the original on 9 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.

dac-presse.com

Ossinondé, Clément (3 March 2020). "Voyage Musical : l'aller et retour de la rumba" [Musical Journey: the return and return of the rumba]. Dac-presse.com (in French). Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.

democracynow.org

"Patrice Lumumba: 50 Years Later, Remembering the U.S.-Backed Assassination of Congo's First Democratically Elected Leader". Democracy Now!. 21 January 2011. Archived from the original on 10 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

dhsprogram.com

Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en œuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM), Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP) et ICF International (2014). Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 Archived 26 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Rockville, Maryland, USA : MPSMRM, MSP and ICF International
"Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-RDC) 2013–2014" (PDF) (in French). Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en œuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité, Ministère de la Santé Publique. p. 36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
"Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-RDC) 2013–2014" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM); Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP); ICF International. Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 (PDF). pp. 41–3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM); Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP); ICF International. Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 (PDF). p. XXV. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2015.

doi.org

"Foreword by UNDP Administrator", Arab Human Development Report 2022, Arab Human Development Report, United Nations, pp. ii–iii, 29 June 2022, doi:10.18356/9789210019293c001, ISBN 978-92-1-001929-3, archived from the original on 18 May 2024, retrieved 16 January 2023
Yellen, John E. (1 September 1998). "Barbed Bone Points: Tradition and Continuity in Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa". African Archaeological Review. 15 (3): 173–98. doi:10.1023/A:1021659928822. ISSN 0263-0338. S2CID 128432105.
Thornton, John (2024). "Mwene Muji: A Medieval Empire in Central Africa?". The Journal of African History. 65 (1): 30–46. doi:10.1017/S0021853724000161. ISSN 0021-8537.
Lowes, Sara; Montero, Eduardo (11 October 2021). "Concessions, Violence, and Indirect Rule: Evidence from the Congo Free State". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 136 (4): 2047–2091. doi:10.1093/qje/qjab021. ISSN 0033-5533.
Autesserre, Séverine; Gbowee, Leymah (3 May 2021). The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider's Guide to Changing the World (1 ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197530351.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-753035-1. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
Maisels, F.; Bergl, R.A.; Williamson, E.A. (2018) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Gorilla gorilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T9404A136250858. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T9404A136250858.en. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
Vigilant, Linda (2004). "Chimpanzees". Current Biology. 14 (10): R369 – R371. Bibcode:2004CBio...14.R369V. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.05.006. PMID 15186757.
Overland, Indra (1 March 2019). "The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths" (PDF). Energy Research & Social Science. 49: 36–40. Bibcode:2019ERSS...49...36O. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.10.018. ISSN 2214-6296. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2019.

dx.doi.org

"Foreword by UNDP Administrator", Arab Human Development Report 2022, Arab Human Development Report, United Nations, pp. ii–iii, 29 June 2022, doi:10.18356/9789210019293c001, ISBN 978-92-1-001929-3, archived from the original on 18 May 2024, retrieved 16 January 2023

dol.gov

"Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor – Democratic Republic of the Congo". United States Department of Labor. Archived from the original on 3 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

economist.com

"Why Congo's chaotic election matters". The Economist. 18 December 2023. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024.

enoughproject.org

"New Study Shows Congo is Run as Violent Kleptocracy". enough. Enough Project. 27 October 2016. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2019.

fivb.com

"Continental Cup Finals start in Africa". FIVB. 22 June 2021. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2021.

francophonie.org

La langue française dans le monde Archived 16 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Éditions Gallimard, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (2014). La langue française dans le monde 2014. Paris: Éditions Nathan. p. 30. ISBN 978-2-09-882654-0. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (2014). La langue française dans le monde 2014. Paris: Éditions Nathan. p. 117. ISBN 978-2-09-882654-0. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015.

freedomfromtorture.org

Rape As torture in the DRC Archived 22 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Freedom From Torture. June 2014

ft.com

Bream, Rebecca (8 November 2007). "A bid for front-line command in Africa" Archived 17 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Financial Times.

ghostarchive.org

Dahir, Abdi Latif (16 April 2021). "Vaccine hesitancy runs high in some African countries, in some cases leaving unused doses to expire". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Pianigiani, Gaia (23 February 2021). "Italy Mourns an Ambassador and His Bodyguard, Killed in Congo". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.

google.com

"DR Congo government, CNDP rebels 'sign peace deal'". Agence France-Presse. 23 March 2012. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.

gov.uk

"Foreign travel advice – Democratic Republic of the Congo". Gov.uk. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2023.

guyanachronicle.com

"The Legendary Papa Wemba". Guyana Chronicle. 2017. Archived from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

hal.science

Okamba, Emmanuel (30 March 2022). "La "Rumba", un humanisme musical en partage" (in French). Lyon, France: HAL. p. 3. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Vigilant, Linda (2004). "Chimpanzees". Current Biology. 14 (10): R369 – R371. Bibcode:2004CBio...14.R369V. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.05.006. PMID 15186757.
Overland, Indra (1 March 2019). "The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths" (PDF). Energy Research & Social Science. 49: 36–40. Bibcode:2019ERSS...49...36O. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.10.018. ISSN 2214-6296. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2019.

heinonline.org

"- HeinOnline.org". www.heinonline.org. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2018.

historylearningsite.co.uk

"The United Nations and the Congo". Historylearningsite.co.uk. 30 March 2007. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2010.

historytoday.com

Tim Stanley (October 2012). "Belgium's Heart of Darkness". History Today. Vol. 62, no. 10. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2016.

hrw.org

"Democratic Republic of Congo in Crisis | Human Rights Watch". Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
* "DR Congo: Rampant Intercommunal Violence in West". Human Rights Watch. 2023. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- "DR Congo country profile". BBC News. 14 April 2023. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- "DR Congo: Rebels Were Recruited to Crush Protests". Hrw.org. 4 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.

ihlresearch.org

ihl.ihlresearch.org

"IHL and Sexual Violence" Archived 4 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine. The Program for Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research.

ijrcenter.org

"ICC Convicts Bemba of War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity". International Justice Resource Center. 29 March 2016. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.

imf.org

"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 14 July 2024.

independent.co.uk

"Belgians accused of war crimes in killing of Congo leader Lumumba". The Independent. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
"400,000 rapes in Congo in one year" Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine. The Independent, 12 May 2011.

indexmundi.com

"Cobalt: World Mine Production, By Country". Archived from the original on 27 March 2008. Retrieved 30 June 2008.

indianexpress.com

"Gunfire rings out in Congo's capital as men in military uniform clash with politician's guards | World News". The Indian Express. 19 May 2024. Retrieved 19 May 2024.

iom.int

publications.iom.int

Migration en République Démocratique du Congo: Profil national 2009 (in French). International Organization for Migration. 2010. ISBN 978-92-9068-567-8. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2010.

ipsnews.net

""Calls for Angola to Investigate Abuse of Congolese Migrants" Archived 25 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Inter Press Service. 21 May 2012.

irinnews.org

"DRC: 'Civilians bearing brunt of South Kivu violence'". 2 July 2007. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has expressed concern over abuses against civilians, especially women and children, in South Kivu in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. It frequently receives reports of abductions, executions, rapes, and pillage.
"DRC: 'Pendulum displacement' in the Kivus". IRIN. 1 August 2007. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
"DRC: Malaria still biggest killer". IRIN. 28 April 2008. Archived from the original on 12 November 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

iucnredlist.org

Maisels, F.; Bergl, R.A.; Williamson, E.A. (2018) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Gorilla gorilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T9404A136250858. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T9404A136250858.en. Retrieved 27 December 2024.

jimdofree.com

miziki-ya-congo.jimdofree.com

"Le Ndombolo". Site de miziki-ya-congo ! (in French). 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.

journalducameroun.com

"DR Congo announces new govt 7 months after president inaugurated". Journal du Cameroun (in French). 26 August 2019. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2019.

justice.gov

RESPONSES TO INFORMATION REQUESTS (RIRs) Archived 14 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine. justice.gov. 17 April 2012.

katangamining.com

"Katanga Project Update and 2Q 2008 Financials, Katanga Mining Limited, 12 August 2008". Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2015.

kimbiliocongo.org

"Home". Kimbilio. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

kitco.com

"Ranking Of The World's Diamond Mines By Estimated 2013 Production" Archived 21 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Kitco, 20 August 2013.

latimes.com

Robyn Dixon (12 April 2018). "Violence is roiling the Democratic Republic of Congo. Some say it's a strategy to keep the president in power". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 8 June 2018. Retrieved 8 June 2018.

librairiecharlemagne.com

Ossinondé, Clément. 52 ans de musique congolaise : Au Congo-Kinshasa République démocratique du Congo (RDC) – 1960–2012 (in French). Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

loc.gov

lcweb2.loc.gov

"Zaire – Population". Library of Congress Country Studies. 8 November 2004. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

logcluster.org

dlca.logcluster.org

"5.1 Democratic Republic of Congo Acronyms and Abbreviations | Digital Logistics Capacity Assessments". Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.

mining-journal.com

"The [Ivanhoe] pullback investors have been waiting for". Mining Journal. London, UK: Aspermont Ltd. 22 February 2018. Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.

miningweekly.com

"Watchdog says $88m missing in Congolese mining taxes", Mining Weekly, South Africa, 2013, archived from the original on 21 September 2013, retrieved 16 April 2013

modernghana.com

"No elections in DR Congo before April 2018: minister". modernghana.com. 27 November 2016. Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

msn.com

Huguet, Alexis (12 February 2019). "Fear and trauma haunt Congolese massacre survivors". AFP. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019.

musicinafrica.net

Yoka, Lye M. (2 December 2014). "L'état de la musique traditionnelle en RD.Congo". Music In Africa. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
Mukuna, Kazadi wa (7 December 2014). "A brief history of popular music in DRC". Music in Africa. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.

newsaboutcongo.com

"Congo with $24 Trillion in Mineral Wealth BUT still Poor". News About Congo. 15 March 2009. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2011.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Vigilant, Linda (2004). "Chimpanzees". Current Biology. 14 (10): R369 – R371. Bibcode:2004CBio...14.R369V. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.05.006. PMID 15186757.

nobelprize.org

"The Nobel Peace Prize 2018". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2023.

npr.org

Gjelten, Tom (28 April 2007). "A Visit to the Other Congo, the Forgotten Congo". NPR. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
Gonzales, Richard; Schwartz, Matthew S. (9 January 2019). "Surprise Winner Of Congolese Election Is An Opposition Leader". NPR. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
"How 'modern-day slavery' in the Congo powers the rechargeable battery economy". NPR. 1 February 2023.

nybooks.com

Adam Hochschild (13 August 2009). "Rape of the Congo". New York Review of Books. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
Adam Hochschild (13 August 2009). "Rape of the Congo". New York Review of Books. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.

nytimes.com

Kristof, Nicholas D. (31 January 2010) "Orphaned, Raped and Ignored" Archived 25 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times
Polgreen, Lydia (23 January 2008). "Congo's Death Rate Unchanged Since War Ended". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
Dahir, Abdi Latif (25 June 2020). "Congo's Deadliest Ebola Outbreak Is Declared Over". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Maclean, Ruth (1 June 2020). "New Ebola Outbreak in Congo, Already Hit by Measles and Coronavirus". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Dahir, Abdi Latif (16 April 2021). "Vaccine hesitancy runs high in some African countries, in some cases leaving unused doses to expire". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Pianigiani, Gaia (23 February 2021). "Italy Mourns an Ambassador and His Bodyguard, Killed in Congo". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
The New York Times, "Mobutu's village basks in his glory". Archived 27 March 2024 at the Wayback Machine 29 September 1988.
Polgreen, Lydia (16 November 2008). "Congo's Riches, Looted by Renegade Troops". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
Yee, Amy (30 August 2017). "The Power Plants That May Save a Park, and Aid a Country". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (11 April 2011). "Congo, With Donors' Help, Introduces New Vaccine for Pneumococcal Disease". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 July 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2017.

ohada.com

"OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa". Archived from the original on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 22 March 2009.

ohchr.org

"OHCHR | Africa Region". Ohchr.org. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.

onug.ch

"UN expert on violence against women expresses serious concerns following visit to Democratic Republic of Congo". UNOG.ch. 30 July 2007. Archived from the original on 17 February 2008.

opendataforafrica.org

drcongo.opendataforafrica.org

"Democratic Republic of the Congo Demographic Trends". Open Data for Africa. UN, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

Lowes, Sara; Montero, Eduardo (11 October 2021). "Concessions, Violence, and Indirect Rule: Evidence from the Congo Free State". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 136 (4): 2047–2091. doi:10.1093/qje/qjab021. ISSN 0033-5533.

ourworldindata.org

"Our World in data- Gold production".

pamojasolutions.org

"About Katanga | Pamoja Tujenge". pamojasolutions.org. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2017.

peacewomen.org

"Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)" (PDF). peacewomen.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2007.
Matundu Mbambi, Annie; Faray-Kele, Marie-Claire (April–December 2010). "Gender Inequality and Social Institutions in the D.R.Congo" (PDF). peacewomen.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.

pewforum.org

"Global Religious Landscape". Pew Forum. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
"Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life / Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.

pgwglobal.com

"The Democratic Republic of the Congo: Hurdle After Hurdle". PGW Global Risk Management. PGW Global Risk Management LLP. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2017.

populationstat.com

"Africa Population (2022)". populationstat.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.

presidentrdc.cd

"Constitution de la République Démocratique du Congo". Archived from the original on 12 August 2006.

raisnezaboneza.no

"Rais Neza Boneza's Baraza". 17 October 2018. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018.

redbullmusicacademy.com

"Papa Wemba". www.redbullmusicacademy.com. Paris, France. 2015. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

reegle.info

"Energy Profile Congo, Dem. Rep". Reegle.info. Archived from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2017.

reliefweb.int

"Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) – Ebola Situation Report #40 – April 10, 2021". ReliefWeb. 10 April 2021. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.

rescue.org

Coghlan, Benjamin; et al. (2007). Mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo: An ongoing crisis: Full 26-page report (PDF) (Report). p. 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 September 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
"Measuring Mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo" (PDF). International Rescue Committee. 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2011.

researchandmarkets.com

"Economic activity in DRC". Research and Markets. Archived from the original on 3 July 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.

reuters.com

Bavier, Joe (22 January 2008). "Congo War driven crisis kills 45,000 a month". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 April 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
"Congo rebels reach centre of eastern city in major escalation". Reuters. 27 January 2025. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
"Congo's M23 rebels reach Goma: what is behind the insurgency?". Reuters. 27 January 2025. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
Rolley, Sonia (4 July 2024). "Army disarray hobbles Congo's fight with Rwanda-backed rebels, officers say". Reuters. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
"Analysis: The next Amazon? Congo Basin faces rising deforestation threat". Reuters. 11 November 2022. Archived from the original on 22 April 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.

af.reuters.com

"REFILE-Opposition leader Felix Tshisekedi sworn in as Congo president". Reuters. 24 January 2019. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
Nearly 900 killed in ethnic violence in Congo in mid-December -UN Archived 22 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Reuters. Published 16 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.

rfi.fr

"RDC: situation confuse à Kinshasa autour de la résidence de Vital Kamerhe". RFI (in French). 19 May 2024. Retrieved 19 May 2024.

roadsafetyfacility.org

"Democratic Republic of Congo". www.roadsafetyfacility.org. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.

sadc.int

"Member States". Southern African Development Community: Towards a common future. Archived from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2014.

scalingupnutrition.org

"Democratic Republic of Congo" Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine. scalingupnutrition.org.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Yellen, John E. (1 September 1998). "Barbed Bone Points: Tradition and Continuity in Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa". African Archaeological Review. 15 (3): 173–98. doi:10.1023/A:1021659928822. ISSN 0263-0338. S2CID 128432105.

si.edu

humanorigins.si.edu

"Katanda Bone Harpoon Point | The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program". Humanorigins.si.ed. Archived from the original on 2 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.

smh.com.au

"Pygmies want UN tribunal to address cannibalism". The Sydney Morning Herald. 23 May 2003. Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

societecivile.cd

"Province orientale: le diamant et l'or quelle part dans la reconstruction socio – économique de la Province?". societecivile.cd (in French). 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 25 November 2009.

spokesman.com

"Zaire Chooses Confusing New Name | The Spokesman-Review". www.spokesman.com. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.

stanford.edu

www-sul.stanford.edu

"Countries: Democatric Republic of the Congo: News" (Archive). [sic] Stanford University Libraries & Academic Information Resources. Retrieved 28 April 2014.

state.gov

"Democratic Republic of the Congo". United States Department of State. 2 June 2022. Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.

2009-2017.state.gov

"2010 Human Rights Report: Democratic Republic of the Congo". U.S. Department of State – Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2011. Archived from the original on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2011.

stripes.com

Vandiver, John. "GIs retrain Congo troops known for being violent". Stars and Stripes. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2017.
Vandiver, John. "An April 2009 report to Congress by the National Defense Stockpile Center". Stripes.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
Vandiver, John. "DR Congo economic and strategic significance". Stripes.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.

suedwind-institut.de

"Energie hydraulique des barrages d'Inga : Grands potentiels pour le développement de la République Démocratique du Congo et de l'Afrique" [Technical Study preparing lobby-work on energy-resources and conflict prevention – Hydroelectric power dams at Inga: Great potential for the development of the Democratic Republic of Congo and Africa] (PDF) (in French). suedwind-institut.de. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.

target-sarl.cd

"Target Survey: French, the most spoken language in DRC, far ahead of Lingala". 10 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.

theafricareport.com

"DRC: Under what conditions has Vital Kamerhe been released?". The Africa Report.com. 7 December 2021. Archived from the original on 11 November 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2022.

theconversation.com

"DRC's Tshisekedi has secured his power base: now it's time to deliver". The Conversation. 27 October 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

thediplomat.com

"Which Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies?". The Diplomat. 15 July 2019. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.

theeastafrican.co.ke

"Kenya, DRC sign deals on security, trade and transport". The East African. 22 April 2021. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Ilunga, Patrick (4 October 2022). "Congo's Tshisekedi names new army chief in military reforms". EastAfrican. Retrieved 29 January 2025.

thefader.com

Ukabam, Chinedu (29 April 2016). "Why Papa Wemba's Legacy Will Outlive Us All". The FADER. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

thefreelibrary.com

"DR Congo's $24 trillion fortune". Thefreelibrary.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2011.

theguardian.com

Guardian Staff (11 February 2001). "Revealed: how Africa's dictator died at the hands of his boy soldiers". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 December 2012. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
"Kabila's son to be sworn in as president". the Guardian. 19 January 2001. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
Jason Burke (3 April 2018). "'The wars will never stop' – millions flee bloodshed as Congo falls apart: Starving and sick, people living in the Democratic Republic of Congo are caught in a bloody cycle of violence and political turmoil". TheGuardian.com. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
"DRC president declared election winner as opposition cries foul". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
"DRC army says it stopped attempted coup involving three US citizens". The Guardian. Reuters. 19 May 2024. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
Bennett, Christian (5 December 2008). "Rape in a lawless land". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 5 September 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
Denselow, Robin (24 April 2016). "Papa Wemba: Congolese music's dandy with a dark side". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

threemonkeysonline.com

Keyes, Michael. The Congo Free State – a colony of gross excess. Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine September 2004.

time.com

content.time.com

Robinson, Simon (28 May 2006). "The deadliest war in the world". Time. Archived from the original on 11 September 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
"Jungle Shipwreck Archived 16 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine", Time, 25 July 1960.

trueafrica.co

Bauer, George (24 April 2016). "Papa Wemba: the King of Rumba, 'le Prince de la Sape'". TRUE Africa. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

uchicago.edu

press.uchicago.edu

"Lambertini, A Naturalist's Guide to the Tropics, excerpt". Archived from the original on 16 May 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2008.

aqli.epic.uchicago.edu

"The Air Quality Life Index (AQLI)". AQLI. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2022.

uibk.ac.at

eeecon.uibk.ac.at

Exenberger, Andreas; Hartmann, Simon (2007). "The Dark Side of Globalization. The Vicious Cycle of Exploitation from World Market Integration: Lesson from the Congo" (PDF). Working Papers in Economics and Statistics. University of Innsbruck. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.

un.org

"Tanzanian troops arrive in eastern DR Congo as part of UN intervention brigade". United Nations. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
"Concluding comments of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women: Democratic Republic of the Congo" (PDF). United Nations. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2017.

news.un.org

"UN human development rankings place Norway at the top and DR Congo last". United Nations. 2 November 2011. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
"Millions 'on the edge' in DR Congo, now in even greater danger of tipping over: WFP". UN News. 12 August 2020. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 14 August 2020.

population.un.org

"World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.

treaties.un.org

"Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons". United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2019.

undp.org

hdr.undp.org

"Human Development Report 2023/2024". United Nations Development Programme. 19 March 2024. Archived from the original on 19 March 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.

unep.org

"Gorillas on Thin Ice". United Nations Environment Programme. 15 January 2009. Archived from the original on 18 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
Environment, U. N. (31 August 2021). "Regulating Air Quality: the First Global Assessment of Air Pollution Legislation". UNEP – UN Environment Programme. Archived from the original on 24 August 2022. Retrieved 1 September 2022.

unesco.org

data.uis.unesco.org

UNESCO Institute for Statistics. "UIS.Stat (see: National Monitoring >> Number of students and enrolment rates by level of education >> Enrollment by level of education)". Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.

unit.no

nupi.brage.unit.no

Overland, Indra (1 March 2019). "The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths" (PDF). Energy Research & Social Science. 49: 36–40. Bibcode:2019ERSS...49...36O. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.10.018. ISSN 2214-6296. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2019.

universitypressscholarship.com

oxford.universitypressscholarship.com

Autesserre, Séverine; Gbowee, Leymah (3 May 2021). The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider's Guide to Changing the World (1 ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197530351.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-753035-1. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2021.

unmissions.org

monusco.unmissions.org

The law on sexual violence, DRC 2006 (Les lois sur les violences sexuelles) reads (in French): "Article 3, Paragraphe 7: De la mutilation sexuelle; Article 174g; Sera puni d'une peine de servitude pénale de deux à cinq ans et d'une amende de deux cent mille francs congolais constants, quiconque aura posé un acte qui porte atteinte à l'intégrité physique ou fonctionnelle des organes génitaux d'une personne. Lorsque la mutilation a entraîné la mort, la peine est de servitude pénale à perpétuité.""Les lois sur les violences sexuelles" [The laws against sexual violence]. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.

unwatchable.cc

"What is happening in the Congo". Archived from the original on 30 September 2011.

up.ac.za

icla.up.ac.za

"The 2006 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo" (PDF). Icla.up.ac.za. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.

usatoday.com

Harris, Dan (21 May 2009). "Children in Congo forced into exorcisms". world news. USA today. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2011.

versobooks.com

"The Assassination of Lumumba". Verso. Retrieved 1 September 2024.

visualcapitalist.com

Lu, Marcus (31 August 2024). "Mapped: Top 15 Countries by Native French Speakers".

voanews.com

Butty, James (21 January 2010) "A New Study Finds Death Toll in Congo War too High" Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine, VOA News, 21 January 2010.
"Rights Groups, DRC Lawmakers Call for 'Filimbi' Activists' Release". VOA. 15 June 2015. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
"World Bank Pledges $1 Billion to Democratic Republic of Congo". VOA News. Voice of America. 10 March 2007. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 25 December 2008.

volcanolive.com

"Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo | John Seach". Volcanolive.com. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2017.

washingtonpost.com

McCrummen, Stephanie (4 August 2009). "Nearly Forgotten Forces of WWII". The Washington Post. Washington Post Foreign Service. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
Washington Post, "Mobutu: A Rich man In Poor Standing". Archived 25 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine 2 October 1991.
McCrummen, Stephanie (9 September 2007). "Prevalence of Rape in E. Congo Described as Worst in World". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
"The Latest: Ebola deaths top 1,000 in Congo outbreak". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019.

web.archive.org

"Democratic Republic of the Congo". United States Department of State. 2 June 2022. Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
Central Intelligence Agency (2014). "Democratic Republic of the Congo". The World Factbook. Langley, Virginia: Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
"GINI index coefficient". CIA Factbook. Archived from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
"Human Development Report 2023/2024". United Nations Development Programme. 19 March 2024. Archived from the original on 19 March 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
Coghlan, Benjamin; et al. (2007). Mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo: An ongoing crisis: Full 26-page report (PDF) (Report). p. 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 September 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
Robinson, Simon (28 May 2006). "The deadliest war in the world". Time. Archived from the original on 11 September 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
Bavier, Joe (22 January 2008). "Congo War driven crisis kills 45,000 a month". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 April 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
"Measuring Mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo" (PDF). International Rescue Committee. 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2011.
"Democratic Republic of Congo in Crisis | Human Rights Watch". Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
Mwanamilongo, Saleh; Anna, Cara (24 January 2019). "Congo's surprise new leader in 1st peaceful power transfer". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
BBC. (9 October 2013). "DR Congo: Cursed by its natural wealth". BBC News website Archived 31 May 2018 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 9 December 2017.
"Foreword by UNDP Administrator", Arab Human Development Report 2022, Arab Human Development Report, United Nations, pp. ii–iii, 29 June 2022, doi:10.18356/9789210019293c001, ISBN 978-92-1-001929-3, archived from the original on 18 May 2024, retrieved 16 January 2023
Samir Tounsi (6 June 2018). "DR Congo crisis stirs concerns in central Africa". AFP. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
Robyn Dixon (12 April 2018). "Violence is roiling the Democratic Republic of Congo. Some say it's a strategy to keep the president in power". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 8 June 2018. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
Anderson, David (2000). Africa's Urban Past. James Currey Publishers. ISBN 978-0-85255-761-7. Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
Emizet Francois Kisangani; Scott F. Bobb (2010). Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Scarecrow Press. p. i. ISBN 978-0-8108-6325-5. Archived from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
Nzongola-Ntalaja, Georges (2004). From Zaire to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nordic Africa Institute. pp. 5–. ISBN 978-91-7106-538-4. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
Yusuf, A.A. (1998). African Yearbook of International Law, 1997. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ISBN 978-90-411-1055-8. Archived from the original on 10 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
Gjelten, Tom (28 April 2007). "A Visit to the Other Congo, the Forgotten Congo". NPR. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
* "DR Congo: Rampant Intercommunal Violence in West". Human Rights Watch. 2023. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- "DR Congo country profile". BBC News. 14 April 2023. Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
- "5.1 Democratic Republic of Congo Acronyms and Abbreviations | Digital Logistics Capacity Assessments". Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
- * Weigert, Stephen L. (2011). Angola: A Modern Military History, 1961–2002 (electronic ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. pp. PT122, PT157. ISBN 9780230337831. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  - Worldmark Yearbook 2000. Vol. 1. Gale Group. 2000. pp. 79, 645. ISBN 9780787649333. Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  - "Katanda Bone Harpoon Point | The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program". Humanorigins.si.ed. Archived from the original on 2 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - The East African slave trade Archived 6 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine. BBC World Service: The Story of Africa; accessed 2 December 2017.
  - Keyes, Michael. The Congo Free State – a colony of gross excess. Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine September 2004.
  - Fage, John D. (1982). The Cambridge history of Africa: From the earliest times to c. 500 BC Archived 18 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Cambridge University Press. p. 748; ISBN 0-521-22803-4
  - Tim Stanley (October 2012). "Belgium's Heart of Darkness". History Today. Vol. 62, no. 10. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  - "Kinshasa – national capital, Democratic Republic of the Congo". britannica.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  - Philippe Brousmiche (2010). Bortaï: journal de campagne: Abyssinie 1941, offensive belgo-congolaise, Faradje, Asosa, Gambela, Saio (in French). Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-13069-2. Archived from the original on 12 August 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2020 – via Google Books.
  - McCrummen, Stephanie (4 August 2009). "Nearly Forgotten Forces of WWII". The Washington Post. Washington Post Foreign Service. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  - "Jungle Shipwreck Archived 16 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine", Time, 25 July 1960.
  - "- HeinOnline.org". www.heinonline.org. Archived from the original on 16 November 2018. Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  - "The United Nations and the Congo". Historylearningsite.co.uk. 30 March 2007. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
  - "Patrice Lumumba: 50 Years Later, Remembering the U.S.-Backed Assassination of Congo's First Democratically Elected Leader". Democracy Now!. 21 January 2011. Archived from the original on 10 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "Belgians accused of war crimes in killing of Congo leader Lumumba". The Independent. 23 June 2010. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 21 May 2017.
  - Abbott, Peter (2014). Modern African Wars (4): The Congo 1960–2002. Oxford; New York City: Osprey Publishing. pp. 14–18. ISBN 978-1-78200-076-1. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
  - Payanzo, Ntsomo. "Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)". britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  - Adam Hochschild (13 August 2009). "Rape of the Congo". New York Review of Books. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  - Young & Turner 2013, p. 58. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  - Young & Turner 2013, pp. 61–62. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  - Young & Turner 2013, p. 64. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  - ""Zaire: The Hoax of Independence", The Aida Parker Newsletter #203, 4 August 1997". cycad.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
  - Young & Turner 2013, p. 74. Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas Edwin (2013). The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State (illustrated, reprint ed.). University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  - Johns, Michael (29 June 1989) "Zaire's Mobutu Visits America", Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum #239.
  - "The 2006 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Congo" (PDF). Icla.up.ac.za. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  - "Mobutu dies in exile in Morocco – Sept. 7, 1997". edition.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  - Thom, William G. "Congo-Zaire's 1996–97 civil war in the context of evolving patterns of military conflict in Africa in the era of independence", Conflict Studies Journal at the University of New Brunswick, Vol. XIX No. 2, Fall 1999.
  - "Capture of Zaire's capital complete – May 18, 1997". edition.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  - "Zaire Chooses Confusing New Name | The Spokesman-Review". www.spokesman.com. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  - Guardian Staff (11 February 2001). "Revealed: how Africa's dictator died at the hands of his boy soldiers". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 December 2012. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  - "Kabila's son to be sworn in as president". the Guardian. 19 January 2001. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  - "ICC Convicts Bemba of War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity". International Justice Resource Center. 29 March 2016. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  - Autesserre, Séverine; Gbowee, Leymah (3 May 2021). The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider's Guide to Changing the World (1 ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780197530351.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-753035-1. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  - "DR Congo government, CNDP rebels 'sign peace deal'". Agence France-Presse. 23 March 2012. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  - Gouby, Melanie (4 April 2012). "Congo-Kinshasa: General Ntaganda and Loyalists Desert Armed Forces". allafrica.com. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  - "Rebels in DR Congo withdraw from Goma". BBC News. 1 December 2012. Archived from the original on 6 December 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
  - "Goma: M23 rebels capture DR Congo city". BBC News. 20 November 2012. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  - "Rwanda defence chief leads DR Congo rebels, UN report says". BBC News. 17 October 2012. Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
  - "Rwanda military aiding DRC mutiny, report says". BBC News. 4 June 2012. Archived from the original on 26 September 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
  - "Tanzanian troops arrive in eastern DR Congo as part of UN intervention brigade". United Nations. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  - "DR Congo M23 rebels 'end insurgency'". BBC News. 5 November 2013. Archived from the original on 6 November 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  - "Katanga: Fighting for DR Congo's cash cow to secede". BBC News. 11 August 2013. Archived from the original on 10 September 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
  - Fessy, Thomas (23 October 2008). "Congo terror after LRA rebel raids". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
  - "thousands flee LRA in DR Congo". BBC News. 25 September 2008. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
  - Kristof, Nicholas D. (31 January 2010) "Orphaned, Raped and Ignored" Archived 25 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times
  - Butty, James (21 January 2010) "A New Study Finds Death Toll in Congo War too High" Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine, VOA News, 21 January 2010.
  - Polgreen, Lydia (23 January 2008). "Congo's Death Rate Unchanged Since War Ended". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
  - "IHL and Sexual Violence" Archived 4 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine. The Program for Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research.
  - "400,000 rapes in Congo in one year" Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine. The Independent, 12 May 2011.
  - "1,900 killed, over 3,300 abducted in DR Congo's eastern Kivu provinces". Africa News. 15 August 2019. Archived from the original on 26 September 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  - "The Nobel Peace Prize 2018". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  - "The Democratic Republic of the Congo: Hurdle After Hurdle". PGW Global Risk Management. PGW Global Risk Management LLP. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  - "No elections in DR Congo before April 2018: minister". modernghana.com. 27 November 2016. Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
  - Interview on BBC Newshour, Feb. 15, 2018 Archived 5 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine. See also BBC DR Congo country profile Archived 29 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  - Al Jazeera News (9 March 2018). "UN: Two million children risk starvation in DRC." Al Jazeera News website Archived 9 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  - "DR Congo: Rebels Were Recruited to Crush Protests". Hrw.org. 4 December 2017. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  - Jason Burke (3 April 2018). "'The wars will never stop' – millions flee bloodshed as Congo falls apart: Starving and sick, people living in the Democratic Republic of Congo are caught in a bloody cycle of violence and political turmoil". TheGuardian.com. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
  - Huguet, Alexis (12 February 2019). "Fear and trauma haunt Congolese massacre survivors". AFP. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  - Gonzales, Richard; Schwartz, Matthew S. (9 January 2019). "Surprise Winner Of Congolese Election Is An Opposition Leader". NPR. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
  - "REFILE-Opposition leader Felix Tshisekedi sworn in as Congo president". Reuters. 24 January 2019. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  - "DR Congo presidential election: Outcry as Tshisekedi named winner". BBC. 10 January 2019. Archived from the original on 11 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  - Mohamed, Hamza (26 December 2018). DR Congo election board delays vote in three cities Archived 10 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Al Jazeera.
  - DR Congo: Nearly 900 killed in ethnic clashes last month, UN says Archived 5 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. BBC. Published 16 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  - Nearly 900 killed in ethnic violence in Congo in mid-December -UN Archived 22 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Reuters. Published 16 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  - "DR Congo announces new govt 7 months after president inaugurated". Journal du Cameroun (in French). 26 August 2019. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  - "DR Congo names new cabinet, cements president's power". Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  - "DR Congo measles: Nearly 5,000 dead in major outbreak" Archived 11 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine (21 November 2019). BBC. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
  - Dahir, Abdi Latif (25 June 2020). "Congo's Deadliest Ebola Outbreak Is Declared Over". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  - Maclean, Ruth (1 June 2020). "New Ebola Outbreak in Congo, Already Hit by Measles and Coronavirus". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  - "Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) – Ebola Situation Report #40 – April 10, 2021". ReliefWeb. 10 April 2021. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  - "Covid: DR Congo in race against time to vaccinate people". BBC News. 10 May 2021. Archived from the original on 5 July 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  - "Kenya, DRC sign deals on security, trade and transport". The East African. 22 April 2021. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  - AfricaNews (9 February 2022). "RDC failed coup plot: president's security adviser in detention". Africanews. Archived from the original on 10 February 2022. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
  - "Combat troops patrol in Kinshasa after failed coup attempt". Africanews. 13 February 2022. Archived from the original on 10 March 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  - "DR Congo presidential election: partial results give Tshisekedi a clear lead". Africanews. 25 December 2023. Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  - "DRC president declared election winner as opposition cries foul". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  - "About Katanga | Pamoja Tujenge". pamojasolutions.org. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  - "Nyamuragira Volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo | John Seach". Volcanolive.com. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
  - "Lambertini, A Naturalist's Guide to the Tropics, excerpt". Archived from the original on 16 May 2012. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  - Kinver, Mark (12 September 2019). "World 'losing battle against deforestation'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 18 June 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  - "Analysis: The next Amazon? Congo Basin faces rising deforestation threat". Reuters. 11 November 2022. Archived from the original on 22 April 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  - "Interim Constitution – Democratic Republic of the Congo (2003–2006)". ConstitutionNet. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
  - "Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 2005 (rev. 2011)". Constitute. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2015.
  - "Member States". Southern African Development Community: Towards a common future. Archived from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  - "The National Assembly adopts the laws regarding the limits of the provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (in French)". National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 10 January 2015. Archived from the original on 27 January 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  - Overland, Indra (1 March 2019). "The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths" (PDF). Energy Research & Social Science. 49: 36–40. Bibcode:2019ERSS...49...36O. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.10.018. ISSN 2214-6296. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
  - Vandiver, John. "GIs retrain Congo troops known for being violent". Stars and Stripes. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2017.
  - Vandiver, John. "An April 2009 report to Congress by the National Defense Stockpile Center". Stripes.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
  - "Which Countries Are For or Against China's Xinjiang Policies?". The Diplomat. 15 July 2019. Archived from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.
  - "DRC's Tshisekedi has secured his power base: now it's time to deliver". The Conversation. 27 October 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  - "Congo Reviews $6.2 Billion China Mining Deal as Criticism Grows". Bloomberg. 28 September 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  - "China Cash Flowed Through Congo Bank to Former President's Cronies". Bloomberg. 28 November 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  - "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons". United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  - Democratic Republic of the Congo: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper-Progress Report (EPub). International Monetary Fund. 2010. pp. 56–. ISBN 978-1-4552-2241-4. Archived from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  - Washington Post, "Mobutu: A Rich man In Poor Standing". Archived 25 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine 2 October 1991.
  - The New York Times, "Mobutu's village basks in his glory". Archived 27 March 2024 at the Wayback Machine 29 September 1988.
  - Adam Hochschild (13 August 2009). "Rape of the Congo". New York Review of Books. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  - "Court agrees to release Mobutu assets" Archived 23 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Swissinfo, Basel Institute of Governance, 14 July 2009.
  - "New Study Shows Congo is Run as Violent Kleptocracy". enough. Enough Project. 27 October 2016. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  - "Vital Kamerhe: DRC president's chief of staff found guilty of corruption". BBC News. 20 June 2020. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  - "DRC: Under what conditions has Vital Kamerhe been released?". The Africa Report.com. 7 December 2021. Archived from the original on 11 November 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
  - "DRC: Investigation opens on Joseph Kabila over $138 million embezzlement". Africanews. 24 November 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  - "Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor – Democratic Republic of the Congo". United States Department of Labor. Archived from the original on 3 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "Constitution de la République Démocratique du Congo". Archived from the original on 12 August 2006.
  - "Foreign travel advice – Democratic Republic of the Congo". Gov.uk. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  - "UN expert on violence against women expresses serious concerns following visit to Democratic Republic of Congo". UNOG.ch. 30 July 2007. Archived from the original on 17 February 2008.
  - Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en œuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM), Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP) et ICF International (2014). Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 Archived 26 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Rockville, Maryland, USA : MPSMRM, MSP and ICF International
  - "Concluding comments of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women: Democratic Republic of the Congo" (PDF). United Nations. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
  - "Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)" (PDF). peacewomen.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2007.
  - "OHCHR | Africa Region". Ohchr.org. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  - McCrummen, Stephanie (9 September 2007). "Prevalence of Rape in E. Congo Described as Worst in World". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
  - "UN official calls DR Congo 'rape capital of the world.'". BBC. 28 April 2010. Archived from the original on 22 November 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
  - Matundu Mbambi, Annie; Faray-Kele, Marie-Claire (April–December 2010). "Gender Inequality and Social Institutions in the D.R.Congo" (PDF). peacewomen.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  - "Female Genital Cutting Rates | African Women's Health Center at BWH" Archived 29 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine. brighamandwomens.org.
  - RESPONSES TO INFORMATION REQUESTS (RIRs) Archived 14 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine. justice.gov. 17 April 2012.
  - The law on sexual violence, DRC 2006 (Les lois sur les violences sexuelles) reads (in French): "Article 3, Paragraphe 7: De la mutilation sexuelle; Article 174g; Sera puni d'une peine de servitude pénale de deux à cinq ans et d'une amende de deux cent mille francs congolais constants, quiconque aura posé un acte qui porte atteinte à l'intégrité physique ou fonctionnelle des organes génitaux d'une personne. Lorsque la mutilation a entraîné la mort, la peine est de servitude pénale à perpétuité.""Les lois sur les violences sexuelles" [The laws against sexual violence]. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  - "DRC: 'Civilians bearing brunt of South Kivu violence'". 2 July 2007. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has expressed concern over abuses against civilians, especially women and children, in South Kivu in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. It frequently receives reports of abductions, executions, rapes, and pillage.
  - "DRC: 'Pendulum displacement' in the Kivus". IRIN. 1 August 2007. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  - Bennett, Christian (5 December 2008). "Rape in a lawless land". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 5 September 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
  - "Rapes 'surge' in DR Congo". Al Jazeera. 15 April 2010. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
  - Rape As torture in the DRC Archived 22 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Freedom From Torture. June 2014
  - "Rights Groups, DRC Lawmakers Call for 'Filimbi' Activists' Release". VOA. 15 June 2015. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  - "Is Emmanuel Weyi "the change" the DRC needs?". Africa Agenda. Archived from the original on 26 August 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  - "World Bank Pledges $1 Billion to Democratic Republic of Congo". VOA News. Voice of America. 10 March 2007. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 25 December 2008.
  - "OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa". Archived from the original on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 22 March 2009.
  - "DR Congo's $24 trillion fortune". Thefreelibrary.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  - "Congo with $24 Trillion in Mineral Wealth BUT still Poor". News About Congo. 15 March 2009. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  - Kuepper, Justin (26 October 2010). "Mining Companies Could See Big Profits in Congo". Theotcinvestor.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  - Coltan is a major source of tantalum which is used in the fabrication of electronic components in computers and mobile phones. The coltan mines are small, and non-mechanized. DR Congo poll crucial for Africa" Archived 2 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine, BBC News. 16 November 2006.
  - Bream, Rebecca (8 November 2007). "A bid for front-line command in Africa" Archived 17 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Financial Times.
  - Exenberger, Andreas; Hartmann, Simon (2007). "The Dark Side of Globalization. The Vicious Cycle of Exploitation from World Market Integration: Lesson from the Congo" (PDF). Working Papers in Economics and Statistics. University of Innsbruck. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
  - "Why Congo's chaotic election matters". The Economist. 18 December 2023. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  - "Cobalt: World Mine Production, By Country". Archived from the original on 27 March 2008. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
  - "Province orientale: le diamant et l'or quelle part dans la reconstruction socio – économique de la Province?". societecivile.cd (in French). 23 October 2009. Archived from the original on 25 November 2009.
  - "UN human development rankings place Norway at the top and DR Congo last". United Nations. 2 November 2011. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  - "Economic activity in DRC". Research and Markets. Archived from the original on 3 July 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
  - "Ranking Of The World's Diamond Mines By Estimated 2013 Production" Archived 21 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Kitco, 20 August 2013.
  - Polgreen, Lydia (16 November 2008). "Congo's Riches, Looted by Renegade Troops". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
  - "What is happening in the Congo". Archived from the original on 30 September 2011.
  - "Katanga Project Update and 2Q 2008 Financials, Katanga Mining Limited, 12 August 2008". Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  - "Watchdog says $88m missing in Congolese mining taxes", Mining Weekly, South Africa, 2013, archived from the original on 21 September 2013, retrieved 16 April 2013
  - "10th Annual Pan-European Conference Strategic Decisions 2013". Bernstein Research. Sanford C. Bernstein Ltd. Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  - "The [Ivanhoe] pullback investors have been waiting for". Mining Journal. London, UK: Aspermont Ltd. 22 February 2018. Archived from the original on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  - List of airlines banned within the EU, Official EC list, updated 20 April 2011. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  - "Energie hydraulique des barrages d'Inga : Grands potentiels pour le développement de la République Démocratique du Congo et de l'Afrique" [Technical Study preparing lobby-work on energy-resources and conflict prevention – Hydroelectric power dams at Inga: Great potential for the development of the Democratic Republic of Congo and Africa] (PDF) (in French). suedwind-institut.de. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  - Vandiver, John. "DR Congo economic and strategic significance". Stripes.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010.
  - Yee, Amy (30 August 2017). "The Power Plants That May Save a Park, and Aid a Country". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
  - "Energy Profile Congo, Dem. Rep". Reegle.info. Archived from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  - "Congo, Democratic Republic of the". 18 April 2022. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  - "Democratic Republic of the Congo Demographic Trends". Open Data for Africa. UN, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Archived from the original on 30 July 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2023.
  - "Zaire – Population". Library of Congress Country Studies. 8 November 2004. Archived from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  - "Pygmies want UN tribunal to address cannibalism". The Sydney Morning Herald. 23 May 2003. Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  - "The World Factbook: Africa – Congo, Democratic Republic of the". The World Factbook. CIA. Archived from the original on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  - "Africa Population (2022)". populationstat.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  - Migration en République Démocratique du Congo: Profil national 2009 (in French). International Organization for Migration. 2010. ISBN 978-92-9068-567-8. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
  - ""Calls for Angola to Investigate Abuse of Congolese Migrants" Archived 25 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Inter Press Service. 21 May 2012.
  - La langue française dans le monde Archived 16 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Éditions Gallimard, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
  - "Target Survey: French, the most spoken language in DRC, far ahead of Lingala". 10 July 2021. Archived from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
  - Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (2014). La langue française dans le monde 2014. Paris: Éditions Nathan. p. 30. ISBN 978-2-09-882654-0. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  - Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (2014). La langue française dans le monde 2014. Paris: Éditions Nathan. p. 117. ISBN 978-2-09-882654-0. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  - "Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-RDC) 2013–2014" (PDF) (in French). Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en œuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité, Ministère de la Santé Publique. p. 36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  - "Global Religious Landscape". Pew Forum. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  - "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  - "Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-RDC) 2013–2014" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2018.
  - "Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life / Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  - "Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo)", Adherents.com – Religion by Location. Sources quoted are The World Factbook (1998), 'official government web site' of Democratic Republic of Congo. Retrieved 25 May 2007.
  - "Street Children in D.R.Congo". Congo Children Trust. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  - "2010 Human Rights Report: Democratic Republic of the Congo". U.S. Department of State – Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2011. Archived from the original on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2011.
  - "About the trust". Congo Children Trust. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  - "Home". Kimbilio. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  - Harris, Dan (21 May 2009). "Children in Congo forced into exorcisms". world news. USA today. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2011.
  - Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM); Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP); ICF International. Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 (PDF). pp. 41–3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  - (in French) Constitution de la République démocratique du Congo – Wikisource [1] Archived 25 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Fr.wikisource.org. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  - "Congo, Democratic Republic of the." www.dol.gov 2005 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs, U.S. Department of Labor (2006). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  - UNESCO Institute for Statistics. "UIS.Stat (see: National Monitoring >> Number of students and enrolment rates by level of education >> Enrollment by level of education)". Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  - Ministère du Plan et Suivi de la Mise en oeuvre de la Révolution de la Modernité (MPSMRM); Ministère de la Santé Publique (MSP); ICF International. Enquête Démographique et de Santé en République Démocratique du Congo 2013–2014 (PDF). p. XXV. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  - McNeil, Donald G. Jr. (11 April 2011). "Congo, With Donors' Help, Introduces New Vaccine for Pneumococcal Disease". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 July 2016. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
  - "The World Factbook – Field Listing : HIV/AIDS : adult prevalence rate". Cia.gov. 2012. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "DRC: Malaria still biggest killer". IRIN. 28 April 2008. Archived from the original on 12 November 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "Democratic Republic of the Congo, Epidemiological profile, World Malaria Report 2014" (PDF). World Health Organization. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "Yellow fever in the Democratic Republic of Congo". World Health Organization. 24 April 2014. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "The Latest: Ebola deaths top 1,000 in Congo outbreak". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 3 May 2019.
  - "Yellow Fever – West and Central Africa". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
  - "Democratic Republic of Congo". www.roadsafetyfacility.org. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
  - "The World Factbook – Country Comparison : Maternal mortality rate". Cia.gov. 2010. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  - "Democratic Republic of Congo" Archived 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine. scalingupnutrition.org.
  - "Millions 'on the edge' in DR Congo, now in even greater danger of tipping over: WFP". UN News. 12 August 2020. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  - "The Air Quality Life Index (AQLI)". AQLI. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  - Environment, U. N. (31 August 2021). "Regulating Air Quality: the First Global Assessment of Air Pollution Legislation". UNEP – UN Environment Programme. Archived from the original on 24 August 2022. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
  - "Rais Neza Boneza's Baraza". 17 October 2018. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018.
  - Yoka, Lye M. (2 December 2014). "L'état de la musique traditionnelle en RD.Congo". Music In Africa. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - Okamba, Emmanuel (30 March 2022). "La "Rumba", un humanisme musical en partage" (in French). Lyon, France: HAL. p. 3. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - Ossinondé, Clément (3 March 2020). "Voyage Musical : l'aller et retour de la rumba" [Musical Journey: the return and return of the rumba]. Dac-presse.com (in French). Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
  - Ossinondé, Clément. 52 ans de musique congolaise : Au Congo-Kinshasa République démocratique du Congo (RDC) – 1960–2012 (in French). Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - Mukuna, Kazadi wa (7 December 2014). "A brief history of popular music in DRC". Music in Africa. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  - "Papa Wemba". www.redbullmusicacademy.com. Paris, France. 2015. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - "The Legendary Papa Wemba". Guyana Chronicle. 2017. Archived from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - Ukabam, Chinedu (29 April 2016). "Why Papa Wemba's Legacy Will Outlive Us All". The FADER. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - Bauer, George (24 April 2016). "Papa Wemba: the King of Rumba, 'le Prince de la Sape'". TRUE Africa. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  - "Le Ndombolo". Site de miziki-ya-congo ! (in French). 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  - Otiso, Kefa M. (24 January 2013). Culture and Customs of Tanzania. New York City, New York State, United States: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 979-8-216-06991-1. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  - Sobania, Neal W. (30 June 2003). Culture and Customs of Kenya. Santa Barbara, California, United States: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. pp. 207–208. ISBN 978-0-313-03936-2. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  - AfroConex (9 March 2023). "Spreading Ndombolo Dance Across Africa with Bush Sebar". AfroConex. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  - Kabwe, Jason (15 March 2013). "Ndombolo Craze". Czech Radio (in Czech). Archived from the original on 9 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  - George, Nelson; Carr, Daphne (20 October 2008). Best Music Writing 2008. New York City, New York State, United States: Hachette Books. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-7867-2612-7. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  - Buettner, Elizabeth (24 March 2016). Europe after Empire: Decolonization, Society, and Culture. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 313. ISBN 978-1-316-59470-4. Archived from the original on 13 January 2024. Retrieved 28 January 2024.
  - Makumeno, Emery (1 July 2022). "Musique : qu'est-ce que le clan Wenge, pionnier de la danse Ndombolo ?". BBC News Afrique (in French). Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  - International, Courrier. "Le Congolais". Courrierinternational.com/. Courrier International. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2015.
  - "Countries: Democatric Republic of the Congo: News" (Archive). [sic] Stanford University Libraries & Academic Information Resources. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
  - Stadiums in the Democratic Republic Congo Archived 6 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. World Stadiums. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
  - "Rwanda Kicks Off Quest for Africa Women's Volleyball Championship Against Morocco". Damas Sikubwabo (AllAfrica). 12 September 2021. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
  - "Continental Cup Finals start in Africa". FIVB. 22 June 2021. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 7 August 2021.

who.int

"Democratic Republic of the Congo, Epidemiological profile, World Malaria Report 2014" (PDF). World Health Organization. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
"Yellow fever in the Democratic Republic of Congo". World Health Organization. 24 April 2014. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
"Yellow Fever – West and Central Africa". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 20 April 2023.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Full text of constitution (in French)

fr.wikisource.org

(in French) Constitution de la République démocratique du Congo – Wikisource [1] Archived 25 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Fr.wikisource.org. Retrieved 27 February 2013.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Yellen, John E. (1 September 1998). "Barbed Bone Points: Tradition and Continuity in Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa". African Archaeological Review. 15 (3): 173–98. doi:10.1023/A:1021659928822. ISSN 0263-0338. S2CID 128432105.
Thornton, John (2024). "Mwene Muji: A Medieval Empire in Central Africa?". The Journal of African History. 65 (1): 30–46. doi:10.1017/S0021853724000161. ISSN 0021-8537.
Lowes, Sara; Montero, Eduardo (11 October 2021). "Concessions, Violence, and Indirect Rule: Evidence from the Congo Free State". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 136 (4): 2047–2091. doi:10.1093/qje/qjab021. ISSN 0033-5533.
Dahir, Abdi Latif (25 June 2020). "Congo's Deadliest Ebola Outbreak Is Declared Over". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Maclean, Ruth (1 June 2020). "New Ebola Outbreak in Congo, Already Hit by Measles and Coronavirus". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Dahir, Abdi Latif (16 April 2021). "Vaccine hesitancy runs high in some African countries, in some cases leaving unused doses to expire". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
Pianigiani, Gaia (23 February 2021). "Italy Mourns an Ambassador and His Bodyguard, Killed in Congo". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
"DRC president declared election winner as opposition cries foul". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 31 December 2023. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 18 May 2024. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
"DRC army says it stopped attempted coup involving three US citizens". The Guardian. Reuters. 19 May 2024. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
Overland, Indra (1 March 2019). "The geopolitics of renewable energy: Debunking four emerging myths" (PDF). Energy Research & Social Science. 49: 36–40. Bibcode:2019ERSS...49...36O. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.10.018. ISSN 2214-6296. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
"Why Congo's chaotic election matters". The Economist. 18 December 2023. ISSN 0013-0613. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
Denselow, Robin (24 April 2016). "Papa Wemba: Congolese music's dandy with a dark side". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 December 2023.

worldometers.info

https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/democratic-republic-of-the-congo-population/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

worldstadiums.com

Stadiums in the Democratic Republic Congo Archived 6 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. World Stadiums. Retrieved 27 February 2013.

yahoo.com

Samir Tounsi (6 June 2018). "DR Congo crisis stirs concerns in central Africa". AFP. Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2018.

youtube.com

"Frederick Kambemba Yamusangie Interview". YouTube. 15 August 2014.

Democratic Republic of the Congo (English Wikipedia)

africaagenda.org

africacenter.org

africanews.com

afridesk.org

afroconex.online

aljazeera.com

allafrica.com

allafrica.com

fr.allafrica.com

apnews.com

archive.org

arquivo.pt

assemblee-nationale.cd

assetrecovery.org

bbc.co.uk

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.com

bernsteinresearch.com

bloomberg.com

books.google.com

brighamandwomens.org

britannica.com

cambridge.org

catholic-hierarchy.org

cia.gov

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

congochildrentrust.org

constituteproject.org

constitutionnet.org

courrierinternational.com

cycad.com

czech.radio

dac-presse.com

democracynow.org

dhsprogram.com

doi.org

doi.org

dx.doi.org

dol.gov

economist.com

enoughproject.org

fivb.com

francophonie.org

freedomfromtorture.org

ft.com

ghostarchive.org

google.com

gov.uk

guyanachronicle.com

hal.science

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

heinonline.org

historylearningsite.co.uk

historytoday.com

hrw.org

ihlresearch.org

ihl.ihlresearch.org

ijrcenter.org

imf.org

independent.co.uk

indexmundi.com

indianexpress.com

iom.int

publications.iom.int

ipsnews.net

irinnews.org

iucnredlist.org

jimdofree.com

miziki-ya-congo.jimdofree.com

journalducameroun.com

justice.gov

katangamining.com

kimbiliocongo.org

kitco.com

latimes.com

librairiecharlemagne.com