Doctor of Philosophy (English Wikipedia)

ABC (2008). PhD students living below poverty line. Vol. 2008. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

academics.de

"Academics.de: Zeitspanne der Promotion: Dauer im Durchschnitt". Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2021.

anu.edu.au

Current students » Academic skills » Research writing » Introductions » Length Australian National University.

archive-it.org

wayback.archive-it.org

Lori Thurgood; Mary J. Golladay; Susan T. Hill (October 2006). "Historical Background". U.S. Doctorates in the 20th Century. National Science Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 February 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

archive.today

"全日制研究生读几年？学费是多少？-中国教育在线". www.eol.cn. Archived from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
"Teseo". educacion.gob.es. Archived from the original on 18 December 2012.

archives-ouvertes.fr

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Master A; et al. (2010). Untranslated regions of thyroid hormone receptor beta 1 mRNA are impaired in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (PDF). Vol. 1802. pp. 995–1005. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.07.025. PMID 20691260. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

au.dk

cfa.au.dk

Vestergaard, Elisabeth (2006). "Den danske forskeruddannelse. Rapporter, evalueringer og anbefalinger 1992–2006" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2011. Aarhus: Dansk Center for Forskningsanalyse

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Postgrad checks worry scientists". BBC News. 12 March 2007. Archived from the original on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.

boe.es

"BOE.es – Documento BOE-A-2011-2541". www.boe.es. pp. 13909–13926. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
"Artículo 3.2 del Real Decreto 99/2011, de 28 de enero, por el que se regulan las enseñanzas oficiales de doctorado". BOE.es. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
"Artículo 14 del Real Decreto 99/2011, de 28 de enero, por el que se regulan las enseñanzas oficiales de doctorado". BOE.es. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
"Boletín Oficial del Estado. Texto del Documento". Boe.es. 24 May 1995. pp. 15188–15189. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2015.

books.google.com

John Seiler Brubacher; Willis Rudy (1 January 1997). Higher Education in Transition: A History of American Colleges and Universities. Transaction Publishers. p. 192. ISBN 9781412815383. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
Albrecht Behmel; Kelly Neudorfer (11 October 2016). The Foreigner's Guide to German Universities: Origin, Meaning, and Use of Terms and Expressions in Everyday University Life. Columbia University Press. p. 42. ISBN 9783838268323. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2017.

britishcouncil.org

takeielts.britishcouncil.org

"Looking to work or study in the UK?". British Council. Retrieved 3 October 2023.

businessinsider.com

"Even A PhD Couldn't Keep This Man Off Food Stamps". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.

careerrussia.ru

Krut, Natalia. "слово берет защита" [protection takes the floor]. CareerRussia.ru. Archived from the original on 1 November 2012.

carnegiefoundation.org

"Listing of Research I Universities". Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Archived from the original on 4 September 2009. Retrieved 26 January 2008. 282 is the sum of all three categories of doctoral universities. Since some primarily undergraduate institutions also award the PhD, the number is greater than 282

cca-reports.ca

(26 January 2021). Degrees of Success: The Expert Panel on the Labour Market Transition of PhD Graduates. Council of Canadian Academies.

chronicle.com

"From Graduate School to Welfare". The Chronicle of Higher Education. 6 May 2012. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
"In humanities, ten years may not be enough to get a Ph.D." The Chronicle of Higher Education. 27 July 2007. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.

colciencias.gov.co

"Colciencias Call for Scholarships in Colombia". Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2015.

columbia.edu

www2.gsb.columbia.edu

"Doctoral admissions". Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on 19 October 2007.

coneau.edu.ar

"Comisión Nacional de Evaluación y Acreditación Universitaria" (in Spanish). Coneau.edu.ar. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

custhelp.com

uni-of-oxford.custhelp.com

"What is a DPhil?". University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2014. A DPhil is the Oxford term for a PhD.

deewr.gov.au

heimshelp.deewr.gov.au

"HEIMSHELP: Information about requirements and procedures for higher education and VET providers". DEEWR. 2011. Archived from the original on 30 July 2008.

destatis.de

Bestandene Prüfungen, Statistisches Bundesamt, archived from the original on 25 October 2012, retrieved 30 March 2016

discoverphds.com

"Part Time PhD Guide – Fees, Durations, Benefits & Challenges". DiscoverPhDs. 19 May 2020. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2020.

doi.org

Chang, Sooyoung (2010). Academic Genealogy of Mathematicians (PDF). World Scientific. p. 183. doi:10.1142/7420. ISBN 978-981-4282-29-1.
Dinham, S.; Scott, C. (2001). "The Experience of Disseminating the Results of Doctoral Research". Journal of Further and Higher Education. 25: 45–55. doi:10.1080/03098770020030498. S2CID 146687739.
Ruano-Borbalan, Jean-Claude. (23 July 2022). Doctoral education from its medieval foundations to today's globalisation and standardisation. Wiley (publisher) online library.
Allan Noble, Keith (2001). Changing doctoral degrees: an international perspective, Society for Research into Higher Education, 1994, p. 8; Bourner, T., Bowden, R., & Laing, S. (2001). "Professional doctorates in England. Vol. 26. pp. 65–88. doi:10.1080/03075070020030724. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Turner, R. Steven (1971). "The Growth of Professorial Research in Prussia, 1818 to 1848-Causes and Context". Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences. 3: 137–182. doi:10.2307/27757317. JSTOR 27757317.
See, for instance, Rosenberg, R. P. (1962). "Eugene Schuyler's Doctor of Philosophy Degree: A Theory Concerning the Dissertation". The Journal of Higher Education. 33 (7): 381–386. doi:10.2307/1979947. JSTOR 1979947.
Rosenberg, Ralph P. (1961). "The First American Doctor of Philosophy Degree: A Centennial Salute to Yale, 1861–1961". Journal of Higher Education. 32 (7): 387–394. doi:10.2307/1978076. JSTOR 1978076.
Woolston, Chris (23 May 2022). "PhD students face cash crisis with wages that don't cover living costs". Nature. 605 (7911): 775–777. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..775W. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01392-w. PMID 35606521. S2CID 249015161.
Taylor, M. (2011). "Reform the PhD system or close it down". Nature. 472 (7343): 261. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..261T. doi:10.1038/472261a. PMID 21512530.
Fiske, P. (2011). "What is a PhD really worth?". Nature. 472 (7343): 381. doi:10.1038/nj7343-381a.
Anon (2011). "Fix the PhD: No longer a guaranteed ticket to an academic career, the PhD system needs a serious rethink". Nature. 472 (7343): 259–260. Bibcode:2011Natur.472R.259.. doi:10.1038/472259b. PMID 21512527. S2CID 205063761.
Cyranoski, D.; Gilbert, N.; Ledford, H.; Nayar, A.; Yahia, M. (2011). "Education: The PhD factory". Nature. 472 (7343): 276–279. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..276C. doi:10.1038/472276a. PMID 21512548.
Jackson, Denise (22 April 2013). "Completing a PhD by publication: a review of Australian policy and implications for practice". Higher Education Research & Development. 32 (3): 355–368. doi:10.1080/07294360.2012.692666. S2CID 145372065. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
Master A; et al. (2010). Untranslated regions of thyroid hormone receptor beta 1 mRNA are impaired in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (PDF). Vol. 1802. pp. 995–1005. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.07.025. PMID 20691260. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Bray, M.; Kwok, P. (2003). "Demand for private supplementary tutoring: Conceptual considerations, and socio-economic patterns in Hong Kong". Economics of Education Review. 22 (6): 611–620. doi:10.1016/S0272-7757(03)00032-3.
Dance, Amber (October 2017). "Career change: It's never too late to switch". Nature. 550 (7675): 289–291. doi:10.1038/nj7675-289a.
"PHD programmes: Doctorate deluge". Nature. 547 (7664): 483. 2017. doi:10.1038/nj7664-483b.
Figure 6.17. Share of doctorate holders in the population (2017). doi:10.1787/888933941538.

economist.com

"The disposable academic". The Economist. 16 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
"Doctoral degrees: The disposable academic". The Economist. 18 December 2010. Archived from the original on 27 December 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2012.

ecu.edu.au

ro.ecu.edu.au

Jackson, Denise (22 April 2013). "Completing a PhD by publication: a review of Australian policy and implications for practice". Higher Education Research & Development. 32 (3): 355–368. doi:10.1080/07294360.2012.692666. S2CID 145372065. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.

ed.ac.uk

Entry requirements for the PhD/MSc by Research in Clinical Psychology. University of Edinburgh School of Health in Social Science.

business-school.ed.ac.uk

PhD Entry Requirements. University of Edinburgh Business School.

ed.gov

"Research Doctorate Programmes". US Department of Education. 18 June 2006. Archived from the original on 3 March 2007.

edscuola.it

"Decreto Presidente Repubblica 11 luglio 1980, n. 382". www.edscuola.it. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
"Decreto Presidente Repubblica 11 luglio 1980, n. 382". edscuola.it. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2012.

educacion.gob.es

"Teseo". educacion.gob.es. Archived from the original on 18 December 2012.

edvoy.com

Cassandra Evangeline Benjamin. (20 Sep 2023). Is it possible to study in UK without IELTS?.

elia-artschools.org

"THE 'FLORENCE PRINCIPLES' ON THE DOCTORATE IN THE ARTS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.

eol.cn

"全日制研究生读几年？学费是多少？-中国教育在线". www.eol.cn. Archived from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2022.

esrcsocietytoday.ac.uk

"ESRC Society Today" (PDF). ESRC Society Today. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

eua.be

Kirsti Koch Christensen (2005). "BOLOGNA SEMINAR: DOCTORAL PROGRAMMES FOR THE EUROPEAN KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY" (PDF). European Universities Association. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2017.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"Study on the organisation of doctoral programmes in EU neighbouring countries" (PDF). Technopolis Group, GHK. Ukraine. December 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2013.
"Study on the organisation of doctoral programmes in EU neighbouring countries" (PDF). December 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2013.
A3, EAC (31 August 2018). "Development of skills". Education and Training – European Commission. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

findaphd.com

Mather-L’Huillier, Nathalie. "Why do your PhD in Singapore?". FindAPhD. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.

formsofaddress.info

Hickey, Robert. "How address the holder of a Doctorate". FormsOfAddress.info. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2018.

ft.com

rankings.ft.com

"2009 FT rankings table and criteria list". Archived from the original on 8 April 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2017.

gbv.de

Chang, Sooyoung (2010). Academic Genealogy of Mathematicians (PDF). World Scientific. p. 183. doi:10.1142/7420. ISBN 978-981-4282-29-1.

gfme.org

"GFME: Global Foundation for Management Education" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2006. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

giustizia.it

italgiure.giustizia.it

"Law of February 21, 1980, No. 28". Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.
"Law of 21 February 1980, No. 28". Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.

gov.uk

"Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS)". Gov.UK. 4 July 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Woolston, Chris (23 May 2022). "PhD students face cash crisis with wages that don't cover living costs". Nature. 605 (7911): 775–777. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..775W. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01392-w. PMID 35606521. S2CID 249015161.
Taylor, M. (2011). "Reform the PhD system or close it down". Nature. 472 (7343): 261. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..261T. doi:10.1038/472261a. PMID 21512530.
Anon (2011). "Fix the PhD: No longer a guaranteed ticket to an academic career, the PhD system needs a serious rethink". Nature. 472 (7343): 259–260. Bibcode:2011Natur.472R.259.. doi:10.1038/472259b. PMID 21512527. S2CID 205063761.
Cyranoski, D.; Gilbert, N.; Ledford, H.; Nayar, A.; Yahia, M. (2011). "Education: The PhD factory". Nature. 472 (7343): 276–279. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..276C. doi:10.1038/472276a. PMID 21512548.

helsinki.fi

"Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta". helsinki.fi. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2015.

hrk-bologna.de

Gemeinsame Erklärungzur gegenseitigen akademischen Anerkennungvon tudienzeiten und Abschlüssen im Hochschulbereichsowie von Urkunden über russische wissenschaftliche Gradeund deutsche akademische Qualifikationen zwischen HRK (PDF). 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

informaworld.com

The economic contribution of Ph.D.s. Vol. 31. 2009. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2011. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

istruzione.it

"SITO IN MANUTENZIONE". www.istruzione.it. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2020.

jstor.org

Turner, R. Steven (1971). "The Growth of Professorial Research in Prussia, 1818 to 1848-Causes and Context". Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences. 3: 137–182. doi:10.2307/27757317. JSTOR 27757317.
Lenoir, Timothy (1998). "Revolution from above: The Role of the State in Creating the German Research System, 1810–1910". The American Economic Review. 88 (2): 22–27. JSTOR 116886.
See, for instance, Rosenberg, R. P. (1962). "Eugene Schuyler's Doctor of Philosophy Degree: A Theory Concerning the Dissertation". The Journal of Higher Education. 33 (7): 381–386. doi:10.2307/1979947. JSTOR 1979947.
Rosenberg, Ralph P. (1961). "The First American Doctor of Philosophy Degree: A Centennial Salute to Yale, 1861–1961". Journal of Higher Education. 32 (7): 387–394. doi:10.2307/1978076. JSTOR 1978076.

jyu.fi

jyx.jyu.fi

"R.Yuldashev, Dissertation "Synthesis of Phase-Locked Loop" (supervisors: N. Kuznetsov, G. Leonov, P. Neittaanmäki, T. Tiihonen), Jyväskylä University Printing House, 2013" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.

kmu.gov.ua

"Урядовий портал – найновіші надходження документів КМУ". 17 September 2016. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016.

le.ac.uk

www2.le.ac.uk

Park, C. (2007). Redefining the Doctorate (PDF). York, UK: The Higher Education Academy. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 2 October 2016.

legifrance.gouv.fr

"Décret n° 2003-744 du 1er août 2003 portant publication de l'accord entre le Gouvernement de la République française et le Gouvernement de la Fédération de Russie – sur la reconnaissance mutuelle des documents sur les grades et titres universitaires, signé à Saint-Pétersbourg". 12 May 2003. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

lovdata.no

"Forskrift for graden philosophiae doctor (ph.d.) ved Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo (AHO)". Lovdata. 8 December 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
"Forskrift for graden doctor philosophiae (dr.philos.) ved Universitetet i Oslo". Lovdata (in Norwegian). 19 August 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2018.

merriam-webster.com

"PhD". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.

miur.it

guidalaureebiennali.miur.it

"Università in Italia, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2017. Retrieved 2 February 2012.

moe.gov.cn

"研究生教育学科专业目录（2022 年）" (PDF). Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. 14 September 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022.

nbuv.gov.ua

"Лучук О. Коли ми діждемося Вашинґтона? Тоді ж і станем "докторами"! До питання про академічні посади, наукові ступені та вчені звання в українському та американському наукових дискурсах // Україна: культурна спадщина, національна свідомість, державність: Збірник наукових праць. Випуск 21. Львів: Інститут українознавства ім. І.Крип'якевича НАН України" (PDF). 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

newroutephd.ac.uk

Indeed there is a 'new route' to the PhD in some UK institutions where in an individual may complete a series of postgraduate level taught courses as a part of the doctoral programme. This is called the 'New Route PhD', an integrated PhD that resembles somewhat the American PhD program. For a list of programmes and institutions offering the 'new route' see http://www.newroutephd.ac.uk/ Archived 6 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Woolston, Chris (23 May 2022). "PhD students face cash crisis with wages that don't cover living costs". Nature. 605 (7911): 775–777. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..775W. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01392-w. PMID 35606521. S2CID 249015161.
Taylor, M. (2011). "Reform the PhD system or close it down". Nature. 472 (7343): 261. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..261T. doi:10.1038/472261a. PMID 21512530.
Anon (2011). "Fix the PhD: No longer a guaranteed ticket to an academic career, the PhD system needs a serious rethink". Nature. 472 (7343): 259–260. Bibcode:2011Natur.472R.259.. doi:10.1038/472259b. PMID 21512527. S2CID 205063761.
Cyranoski, D.; Gilbert, N.; Ledford, H.; Nayar, A.; Yahia, M. (2011). "Education: The PhD factory". Nature. 472 (7343): 276–279. Bibcode:2011Natur.472..276C. doi:10.1038/472276a. PMID 21512548.
Master A; et al. (2010). Untranslated regions of thyroid hormone receptor beta 1 mRNA are impaired in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (PDF). Vol. 1802. pp. 995–1005. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.07.025. PMID 20691260. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

nserc-crsng.gc.ca

Canada Graduate Scholarships — Doctoral program. Government of Canada.

oxforddictionaries.com

en.oxforddictionaries.com

"PhD". Oxford Living Dictionaries – British and World English. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
"Ph.D." Oxford Living Dictionaries – North American English. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.

postgrad.com

"Postgraduate fees in the UK". Postgrad.com. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.

professionaldoctorates.com

"Professional Doctorate". Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

prospects.ac.uk

"What is a PhD?". Prospects. Graduate Prospects Ltd. How much does it cost?. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.

protocolo.org

"Raíces de las normas y tradiciones del protocolo y ceremonial universitario actual: las universidades del Antiguo Régimen y los actos de colación. Protocolo y Etiqueta" (in Spanish). Protocolo.org. 26 October 2007. Archived from the original on 4 March 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

quantamagazine.org

Lin, Thomas (26 March 2014). "A 'Rebel' Without a Ph.D." Quanta Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 11 November 2017.

research-in-germany.org

"Requirements – Research in Germany". Research-in-Germany.org. (German) Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Archived from the original on 22 February 2020. Retrieved 22 February 2020.

ria.ru

"Стипендии на приоритетных специальностях составят от 2 до 4 тыс руб" [Scholarships for priority specialties will be from 2 to 4 thousand rubles]. РИА Новости (in Russian). 4 August 2011. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013.

ricercaitaliana.it

"ResearchItaly, Pagina di transizione". ricercaitaliana.it. Archived from the original on 7 March 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2012.

rug.nl

"Categories of PhD Candidates". Wageningen University. 2 November 2012. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.; "PhD scholarship programmes". University of Groningen Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. 7 January 2010.; "Sandwich PhD". echnissche Universitat Kaiserslautern.

russia.edu.ru

Совместное заявление о взаимном академическом признании периодов обучения в высших учебных заведениях, документов о высшем образовании, российских ученых степенях и германских академических квалификациях. 1999. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
"Соглашения об эквивалентности документов об образовании". www.russia.edu.ru. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.

en.russia.edu.ru

"Education in Russia for foreign citizens: Recognition and equivalence of documents of education and scientific degrees". en.russia.edu.ru. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.

scuoledieccellenza.it

"Scuole, Scuole di Eccellenza". scuoledieccellenza.it. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2012.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Dinham, S.; Scott, C. (2001). "The Experience of Disseminating the Results of Doctoral Research". Journal of Further and Higher Education. 25: 45–55. doi:10.1080/03098770020030498. S2CID 146687739.
Woolston, Chris (23 May 2022). "PhD students face cash crisis with wages that don't cover living costs". Nature. 605 (7911): 775–777. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..775W. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-01392-w. PMID 35606521. S2CID 249015161.
Anon (2011). "Fix the PhD: No longer a guaranteed ticket to an academic career, the PhD system needs a serious rethink". Nature. 472 (7343): 259–260. Bibcode:2011Natur.472R.259.. doi:10.1038/472259b. PMID 21512527. S2CID 205063761.
Jackson, Denise (22 April 2013). "Completing a PhD by publication: a review of Australian policy and implications for practice". Higher Education Research & Development. 32 (3): 355–368. doi:10.1080/07294360.2012.692666. S2CID 145372065. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.

siu.edu.ar

spuweb.siu.edu.ar

"Scholarships in Argentina". Spuweb.siu.edu.ar. Archived from the original on 7 May 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

slate.com

Schuman, Rebecca (1 August 2014). "ABD Company". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.

sns.it

download.sns.it

"Student Guidebook, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa" (PDF). 26 April 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012.

atticd.sns.it

"STATUTO DELLA SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE DI PISA (legge 18 giugno 1986, n. 308)" (PDF). sns.it. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2015.

soton.ac.uk

economics.soton.ac.uk

John Aldrich. "The Mathematics PhD in the United Kingdom: Historical Notes for the Mathematics Genealogy Project". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.

spbu.ru

math.spbu.ru

"N.V. Kuznetsov, P. Neittaanmäki, G.A. Leonov, Supervisors' manifest on the first PhD SPbSU (2013)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.

english.spbu.ru

"PhD SPbU – Saint Petersburg University". english.spbu.ru. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.

apcyb.spbu.ru

"R. Yuldashev, Dissertation "Nonlinear Analysis and Synthesis of Phase-Locked Loops (supervisors: N. Kuznetsov, G. Leonov, P. Neittaanmäki), Saint-Petersburg State University Studies in Mathematics, Vol. 1, 2013 (PhD thesis)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.

spiegel.de

Bernd Kramer (28 September 2015). "Akademische Ramschware". Der Spiegel. Archived from the original on 24 June 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2017.

sssup.it

"Article 3 of the Law of 14 February 1987, No.41 | L. 14 febbraio 1987, n. 41 Istituzione della Scuola superiore di studi universitari e di perfezionamento S. Anna di Pisa" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.

stat.edu.ru

"Статистика Российского образования". stat.edu.ru. Archived from the original on 27 December 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2012.

stat.si

Sever, Maja. "Centennial celebration of the first doctorate awarded at Slovenian universities". Republic of Slovenia, Statistical Office. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

sueddeutsche.de

Sarah Schmidt (1 October 2015). "Kommt ein Doktor zum Arzt ..." Süddeutsche Zeitung. Archived from the original on 6 April 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2017.

sussex.ac.uk

"MPhil/DPhil in Life History Research". UK: Centre for Life History and Life Writing Research, University of Sussex. 2020. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.

synonym.com

classroom.synonym.com

"How to Correctly Use the Titles Dr. & PhD With a Name | Synonym". Archived from the original on 23 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.

tempus.ac.rs

"Shared Dublin Descriptors" (PDF). www.tempus.ac.rs. 23 March 2004. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2015.

theaustralian.com.au

Hare, Julie (3 April 2014). "More PhDs enter public service". The Australian.

timeshighereducation.co.uk

Bompard, Paul (18 February 2000). "Italy's big six form network for elite". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.

timeshighereducation.com

How to apply for a PhD in Canada. Times Higher Education.

topuniversities.com

"Higher Education in Germany: Hochschulen vs. Universities". Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.

tribune.com.pk

"Higher education: Agreement reached with Glasgow for 'sandwich' PhD". Express Tribune. 11 February 2012. Archived from the original on 12 February 2012. Retrieved 12 May 2012.

ucas.com

“What level of English do I need to get into a UK university?”. UCAS.
"Check Out UCAS Advice On Postgrad Fees And Funding..." UCAS. 9 October 2014. Archived from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.

ugc.ac.in

"N E T, Inside H E, University Grants Commission". Ugc.ac.in. 22 July 1988. Archived from the original on 4 January 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2023.

ugc.gov.in

Draft University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022. University Grants Commission (India). NEW DELHI 110002

ukcge.ac.uk

Tina Barnes (2013). Higher Doctorates in the UK 2013 (PDF). UK Council for Graduate Education. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-9563812-7-9. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021. The UK higher doctorate has a long history with the first (a DSc) being offered by Durham University in 1882

ukri.org

"Funding for research training". UK Research and Innovation. Archived from the original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
"Funding for research training".
"Terms and conditions of training grants". March 2020. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.

stfc.ukri.org

"STFC TRAINING GRANTS (TGs) – ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs)" (PDF). STFC. March 2016. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.

esrc.ukri.org

"Prospective students". Academic conditions. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.

ukuni.net

IELTS requirements for applying to a UK university.
Universities in the UK requiring IELTS. ukuni.net website.

unesco.org

"Paragraph 262 International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011". Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
"International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011". Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
Kouptsov, O., ed. (1994). The Doctorate in the Europe Region (PDF). Bucharest: UNESCO, CEPES. p. 199. ISBN 92-9069-133-6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help),
"International Standard Classification of Education". 2011. Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2012.

unesdoc.unesco.org

Varghese, N. V.; Püttmann, V. (2011). UNESCO-IIEP (PDF) (IIEP research papers). Paris: UNESCO-IIEP. pp. 11–12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

uni-kl.de

informatik.uni-kl.de

"Categories of PhD Candidates". Wageningen University. 2 November 2012. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.; "PhD scholarship programmes". University of Groningen Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. 7 January 2010.; "Sandwich PhD". echnissche Universitat Kaiserslautern.

unisa.edu.au

i.unisa.edu.au

Oral Defence of the Thesis in Research Degrees. University of South Australia.

universityaffairs.ca

"The PhD is in need of revision". UniversityAffairs.ca. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2013.

upenn.edu

wharton.upenn.edu

"Wharton Doctoral Programs: Application Requirements". Wharton.upenn.edu. 15 December 2009. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

usnews.com

Alikhan, Faris (2 October 2013). "The Peril of Credential Creep in Foreign Policy". U.S. News. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2017.]

utas.edu.au

"Home, Graduate Research, University of Tasmania, Australia". Utas.edu.au. Archived from the original on 11 March 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2013.

web.archive.org

"PhD". Oxford Living Dictionaries – British and World English. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
"Ph.D." Oxford Living Dictionaries – North American English. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
"PhD". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
"What is a DPhil?". University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2014. A DPhil is the Oxford term for a PhD.
"MPhil/DPhil in Life History Research". UK: Centre for Life History and Life Writing Research, University of Sussex. 2020. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
"The disposable academic". The Economist. 16 December 2010. Archived from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
Kirsti Koch Christensen (2005). "BOLOGNA SEMINAR: DOCTORAL PROGRAMMES FOR THE EUROPEAN KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY" (PDF). European Universities Association. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
"THE 'FLORENCE PRINCIPLES' ON THE DOCTORATE IN THE ARTS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
Schuman, Rebecca (1 August 2014). "ABD Company". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
Hickey, Robert. "How address the holder of a Doctorate". FormsOfAddress.info. Archived from the original on 25 June 2020. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
"How to Correctly Use the Titles Dr. & PhD With a Name | Synonym". Archived from the original on 23 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
"Erhard-Weigel-Gesellschaft: Biographie Weigels". Erhard-weigel-gesellschaft.de. Archived from the original on 14 November 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
Park, C. (2007). Redefining the Doctorate (PDF). York, UK: The Higher Education Academy. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 2 October 2016.
Tina Barnes (2013). Higher Doctorates in the UK 2013 (PDF). UK Council for Graduate Education. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-9563812-7-9. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021. The UK higher doctorate has a long history with the first (a DSc) being offered by Durham University in 1882
John Aldrich. "The Mathematics PhD in the United Kingdom: Historical Notes for the Mathematics Genealogy Project". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
John Seiler Brubacher; Willis Rudy (1 January 1997). Higher Education in Transition: A History of American Colleges and Universities. Transaction Publishers. p. 192. ISBN 9781412815383. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
Indeed there is a 'new route' to the PhD in some UK institutions where in an individual may complete a series of postgraduate level taught courses as a part of the doctoral programme. This is called the 'New Route PhD', an integrated PhD that resembles somewhat the American PhD program. For a list of programmes and institutions offering the 'new route' see http://www.newroutephd.ac.uk/ Archived 6 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine
"Categories of PhD Candidates". Wageningen University. 2 November 2012. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.; "PhD scholarship programmes". University of Groningen Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. 7 January 2010.; "Sandwich PhD". echnissche Universitat Kaiserslautern.
"Higher education: Agreement reached with Glasgow for 'sandwich' PhD". Express Tribune. 11 February 2012. Archived from the original on 12 February 2012. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
"2009 FT rankings table and criteria list". Archived from the original on 8 April 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
The economic contribution of Ph.D.s. Vol. 31. 2009. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2011. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
"Doctoral degrees: The disposable academic". The Economist. 18 December 2010. Archived from the original on 27 December 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
"From Graduate School to Welfare". The Chronicle of Higher Education. 6 May 2012. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
"Even A PhD Couldn't Keep This Man Off Food Stamps". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
Alikhan, Faris (2 October 2013). "The Peril of Credential Creep in Foreign Policy". U.S. News. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 26 August 2017.]
Lin, Thomas (26 March 2014). "A 'Rebel' Without a Ph.D." Quanta Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 November 2017. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
"Paragraph 262 International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011". Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
Albrecht Behmel; Kelly Neudorfer (11 October 2016). The Foreigner's Guide to German Universities: Origin, Meaning, and Use of Terms and Expressions in Everyday University Life. Columbia University Press. p. 42. ISBN 9783838268323. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
"Scholarships in Argentina". Spuweb.siu.edu.ar. Archived from the original on 7 May 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"GFME: Global Foundation for Management Education" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2006. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Comisión Nacional de Evaluación y Acreditación Universitaria" (in Spanish). Coneau.edu.ar. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Home, Graduate Research, University of Tasmania, Australia". Utas.edu.au. Archived from the original on 11 March 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
ABC (2008). PhD students living below poverty line. Vol. 2008. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 11 May 2008. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
"HEIMSHELP: Information about requirements and procedures for higher education and VET providers". DEEWR. 2011. Archived from the original on 30 July 2008.
Jackson, Denise (22 April 2013). "Completing a PhD by publication: a review of Australian policy and implications for practice". Higher Education Research & Development. 32 (3): 355–368. doi:10.1080/07294360.2012.692666. S2CID 145372065. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
"研究生教育学科专业目录（2022 年）" (PDF). Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. 14 September 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 10 December 2022.
"Colciencias Call for Scholarships in Colombia". Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
"Matemaattis-luonnontieteellinen tiedekunta". helsinki.fi. Archived from the original on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
"Requirements – Research in Germany". Research-in-Germany.org. (German) Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Archived from the original on 22 February 2020. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
Sarah Schmidt (1 October 2015). "Kommt ein Doktor zum Arzt ..." Süddeutsche Zeitung. Archived from the original on 6 April 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
Bernd Kramer (28 September 2015). "Akademische Ramschware". Der Spiegel. Archived from the original on 24 June 2018. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
"Higher Education in Germany: Hochschulen vs. Universities". Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
"ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder imPUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl". www.zeit.de. Archived from the original on 9 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
"Academics.de: Zeitspanne der Promotion: Dauer im Durchschnitt". Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
Bestandene Prüfungen, Statistisches Bundesamt, archived from the original on 25 October 2012, retrieved 30 March 2016
"N E T, Inside H E, University Grants Commission". Ugc.ac.in. 22 July 1988. Archived from the original on 4 January 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
"Student Guidebook, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa" (PDF). 26 April 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012.
"STATUTO DELLA SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE DI PISA (legge 18 giugno 1986, n. 308)" (PDF). sns.it. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
"Law of February 21, 1980, No. 28". Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.
"Decreto Presidente Repubblica 11 luglio 1980, n. 382". www.edscuola.it. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
"Law of 21 February 1980, No. 28". Archived from the original on 4 November 2011.
"Decreto Presidente Repubblica 11 luglio 1980, n. 382". edscuola.it. Archived from the original on 29 September 2016. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
"ResearchItaly, Pagina di transizione". ricercaitaliana.it. Archived from the original on 7 March 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
Bompard, Paul (18 February 2000). "Italy's big six form network for elite". Times Higher Education. Archived from the original on 23 September 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
"Scuole, Scuole di Eccellenza". scuoledieccellenza.it. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
"Article 3 of the Law of 14 February 1987, No.41 | L. 14 febbraio 1987, n. 41 Istituzione della Scuola superiore di studi universitari e di perfezionamento S. Anna di Pisa" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
"SITO IN MANUTENZIONE". www.istruzione.it. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
"Università in Italia, Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2017. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
Master A; et al. (2010). Untranslated regions of thyroid hormone receptor beta 1 mRNA are impaired in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (PDF). Vol. 1802. pp. 995–1005. doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.07.025. PMID 20691260. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 August 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2019. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Vestergaard, Elisabeth (2006). "Den danske forskeruddannelse. Rapporter, evalueringer og anbefalinger 1992–2006" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2011. Aarhus: Dansk Center for Forskningsanalyse
"Forskrift for graden philosophiae doctor (ph.d.) ved Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo (AHO)". Lovdata. 8 December 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
"Forskrift for graden doctor philosophiae (dr.philos.) ved Universitetet i Oslo". Lovdata (in Norwegian). 19 August 2011. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
Mather-L’Huillier, Nathalie. "Why do your PhD in Singapore?". FindAPhD. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
"BOE.es – Documento BOE-A-2011-2541". www.boe.es. pp. 13909–13926. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
"Artículo 3.2 del Real Decreto 99/2011, de 28 de enero, por el que se regulan las enseñanzas oficiales de doctorado". BOE.es. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
"Artículo 14 del Real Decreto 99/2011, de 28 de enero, por el que se regulan las enseñanzas oficiales de doctorado". BOE.es. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
"Raíces de las normas y tradiciones del protocolo y ceremonial universitario actual: las universidades del Antiguo Régimen y los actos de colación. Protocolo y Etiqueta" (in Spanish). Protocolo.org. 26 October 2007. Archived from the original on 4 March 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Boletín Oficial del Estado. Texto del Documento". Boe.es. 24 May 1995. pp. 15188–15189. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
"Урядовий портал – найновіші надходження документів КМУ". 17 September 2016. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016.
"Postgrad checks worry scientists". BBC News. 12 March 2007. Archived from the original on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
"Funding for research training". UK Research and Innovation. Archived from the original on 21 September 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
"Postgraduate fees in the UK". Postgrad.com. Archived from the original on 13 December 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
"What is a PhD?". Prospects. Graduate Prospects Ltd. How much does it cost?. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
"STFC TRAINING GRANTS (TGs) – ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs)" (PDF). STFC. March 2016. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
"Terms and conditions of training grants". March 2020. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
"Prospective students". Academic conditions. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
"Part Time PhD Guide – Fees, Durations, Benefits & Challenges". DiscoverPhDs. 19 May 2020. Archived from the original on 9 January 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
"Check Out UCAS Advice On Postgrad Fees And Funding..." UCAS. 9 October 2014. Archived from the original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
"The PhD is in need of revision". UniversityAffairs.ca. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
"ESRC Society Today" (PDF). ESRC Society Today. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Professional Doctorate". Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Listing of Research I Universities". Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Archived from the original on 4 September 2009. Retrieved 26 January 2008. 282 is the sum of all three categories of doctoral universities. Since some primarily undergraduate institutions also award the PhD, the number is greater than 282
"Wharton Doctoral Programs: Application Requirements". Wharton.upenn.edu. 15 December 2009. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
"Doctoral admissions". Columbia University in the City of New York. Archived from the original on 19 October 2007.
"Research Doctorate Programmes". US Department of Education. 18 June 2006. Archived from the original on 3 March 2007.
"In humanities, ten years may not be enough to get a Ph.D." The Chronicle of Higher Education. 27 July 2007. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
"PhD Funding Opportunities". Yale (Public Health. Yale. Archived from the original on 7 April 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
"Education in Russia for foreign citizens: Recognition and equivalence of documents of education and scientific degrees". en.russia.edu.ru. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
"International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011". Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
Varghese, N. V.; Püttmann, V. (2011). UNESCO-IIEP (PDF) (IIEP research papers). Paris: UNESCO-IIEP. pp. 11–12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Kouptsov, O., ed. (1994). The Doctorate in the Europe Region (PDF). Bucharest: UNESCO, CEPES. p. 199. ISBN 92-9069-133-6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help),
Gemeinsame Erklärungzur gegenseitigen akademischen Anerkennungvon tudienzeiten und Abschlüssen im Hochschulbereichsowie von Urkunden über russische wissenschaftliche Gradeund deutsche akademische Qualifikationen zwischen HRK (PDF). 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Совместное заявление о взаимном академическом признании периодов обучения в высших учебных заведениях, документов о высшем образовании, российских ученых степенях и германских академических квалификациях. 1999. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
"Décret n° 2003-744 du 1er août 2003 portant publication de l'accord entre le Gouvernement de la République française et le Gouvernement de la Fédération de Russie – sur la reconnaissance mutuelle des documents sur les grades et titres universitaires, signé à Saint-Pétersbourg". 12 May 2003. Archived from the original on 21 August 2018. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
"Соглашения об эквивалентности документов об образовании". www.russia.edu.ru. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
"International Standard Classification of Education". 2011. Archived from the original on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
"Лучук О. Коли ми діждемося Вашинґтона? Тоді ж і станем "докторами"! До питання про академічні посади, наукові ступені та вчені звання в українському та американському наукових дискурсах // Україна: культурна спадщина, національна свідомість, державність: Збірник наукових праць. Випуск 21. Львів: Інститут українознавства ім. І.Крип'якевича НАН України" (PDF). 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
"Study on the organisation of doctoral programmes in EU neighbouring countries" (PDF). Technopolis Group, GHK. Ukraine. December 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2013.
"Study on the organisation of doctoral programmes in EU neighbouring countries" (PDF). December 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2013.
A3, EAC (31 August 2018). "Development of skills". Education and Training – European Commission. Archived from the original on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"Shared Dublin Descriptors" (PDF). www.tempus.ac.rs. 23 March 2004. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
"Статистика Российского образования". stat.edu.ru. Archived from the original on 27 December 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
"Стипендии на приоритетных специальностях составят от 2 до 4 тыс руб" [Scholarships for priority specialties will be from 2 to 4 thousand rubles]. РИА Новости (in Russian). 4 August 2011. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013.
Krut, Natalia. "слово берет защита" [protection takes the floor]. CareerRussia.ru. Archived from the original on 1 November 2012.
"N.V. Kuznetsov, P. Neittaanmäki, G.A. Leonov, Supervisors' manifest on the first PhD SPbSU (2013)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
"PhD SPbU – Saint Petersburg University". english.spbu.ru. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
"R. Yuldashev, Dissertation "Nonlinear Analysis and Synthesis of Phase-Locked Loops (supervisors: N. Kuznetsov, G. Leonov, P. Neittaanmäki), Saint-Petersburg State University Studies in Mathematics, Vol. 1, 2013 (PhD thesis)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
"R.Yuldashev, Dissertation "Synthesis of Phase-Locked Loop" (supervisors: N. Kuznetsov, G. Leonov, P. Neittaanmäki, T. Tiihonen), Jyväskylä University Printing House, 2013" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
Sever, Maja. "Centennial celebration of the first doctorate awarded at Slovenian universities". Republic of Slovenia, Statistical Office. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

worldcat.org

Schuman, Rebecca (1 August 2014). "ABD Company". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Archived from the original on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.

wur.nl

"Categories of PhD Candidates". Wageningen University. 2 November 2012. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.; "PhD scholarship programmes". University of Groningen Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. 7 January 2010.; "Sandwich PhD". echnissche Universitat Kaiserslautern.

yale.edu

publichealth.yale.edu

"PhD Funding Opportunities". Yale (Public Health. Yale. Archived from the original on 7 April 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.

your-server.de

erhard-weigel-gesellschaft.de.dedi2970.your-server.de

"Erhard-Weigel-Gesellschaft: Biographie Weigels". Erhard-weigel-gesellschaft.de. Archived from the original on 14 November 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.

zeit.de

"ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder imPUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl". www.zeit.de. Archived from the original on 9 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.