Draugr (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Draugr" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

35books.google.com

3^rd place

23jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

21doi.org

2^nd place

17semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

6saob.se

4,768^th place

low place

3wiktionary.org

649^th place

827^th place

3runeberg.org

644^th place

1,214^th place

2youtube.com

9^th place

13^th place

1dsl.ac.uk

8,539^th place

5,058^th place

1uvic.ca

7,619^th place

4,828^th place

1web.archive.org

1^st place

1abdn.ac.uk

7,976^th place

5,565^th place

1vikinganswerlady.com

low place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

1gutenberg.org

489^th place

377^th place

1kb.se

564^th place

1,445^th place

1oblad.no

low place

abdn.ac.uk

skaldic.abdn.ac.uk

PCRN project and Skaldic project (2014). "Pre-Christian Religions of the North: Sources : [excerpt from] Gr ch. 18b: Living in gravemounds". Retrieved 2020-11-17.

books.google.com

The color is literally 'blue', thus "blue as hell, and great as a neat" is the rendering in Eiríkur Magnússon & Morris (trr.) (1869), p. 99. Eiríkur Magnússon; Morris, William (trr.) (1869). Grettis Saga. The Story of Grettir the Strong, translated from the Icelandic. London: F. S. Ellis.
Cleasby; Vigfusson edd. (1974) An Icelandic-English dictionary. s. v. draugr
Langeslag, P. S. (2015). Seasons in the Literatures of the Medieval North. Boydell & Brewer. p. 118. ISBN 9781843844259.
Smith, Gregg A. (2007). The Function of the Living Dead in Medieval Norse and Celtic literature : Death and Desire. Paul G. Remley (foreword by). Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press. p. 14. ISBN 9780773453531.
Williams, Howard (2006). Death and Memory in Early Medieval Britain. Cambridge University Press. p. 172. ISBN 9781139457934.
Boer (ed.) (1900), Cap. 18, p. 65 Boer, Richard Constant, ed. (1900). Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar. Halle an der Saale: Max Niemeyer.
Eiríkur Magnússon & Morris (trr.) (1869). Ch. 18. p. 48 Eiríkur Magnússon; Morris, William (trr.) (1869). Grettis Saga. The Story of Grettir the Strong, translated from the Icelandic. London: F. S. Ellis.
Scudder (tr.) (2005). Scudder, Bernard (tr.) (2005) [1997]. The Saga of Grettir the Strong. Penguin. ISBN 9780141937922.
Clemoes & Dickins (1959), p. 190, e.g., and Willam Sayers^[20] Clemoes, Peter; Dickins, Bruce (1959). The Anglo-Saxons. Bowes & Bowes.
Curran (2005), pp. 81–93 Curran, Bob (2005). "Chapter 7. The Devil of Hjlata-stad, Iceland". Vampires: A Field Guide to the Creatures that Stalk the Night. Career Press. pp. 81–93. ISBN 978-1-56414-807-0.
Burns, Marjorie (2014). Houghton, John Wm.; Croft, Janet Brennan; Martsch, Nancy (eds.). Tolkien in the New Century: Essays in Honor of Tom Shippey : Night-wolves, Half-trolls and the Dead Who Won't Stay Down. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 195, endnote 27. ISBN 9781476614861.
Gilliver, Peter; Marshall, Jeremy; Weiner, Edmund (2009) [2006]. Black, Ronald (ed.). The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199568369.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, "Ch. 34: Thorolf's ghost". p. 115ff.; "Ch. 63: Thorolf comes back from the Dead". p. 186ff. Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, "Ch. 51: Thorgunna dies", p. 158 – "Ch. 54 More ghosts", p. 166ff Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075.
Eiríkur Magnússon & Morris (trr.) (1869). Grettis saga. p. 102 Eiríkur Magnússon; Morris, William (trr.) (1869). Grettis Saga. The Story of Grettir the Strong, translated from the Icelandic. London: F. S. Ellis.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, "Ch. 34: Thorolf's ghost". Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075.
Lindow (1976), p. 95. Lindow, John (1976). Comitatus, Individual and Honor: Studies in North Germanic Institutional Vocabulary. University of California Publications in Linguistics 83. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520095496.
Curran (2005), p. 82. Curran, Bob (2005). "Chapter 7. The Devil of Hjlata-stad, Iceland". Vampires: A Field Guide to the Creatures that Stalk the Night. Career Press. pp. 81–93. ISBN 978-1-56414-807-0.
Curran (2005), p. 82–83. Curran, Bob (2005). "Chapter 7. The Devil of Hjlata-stad, Iceland". Vampires: A Field Guide to the Creatures that Stalk the Night. Career Press. pp. 81–93. ISBN 978-1-56414-807-0.
Boer (ed.) (1900) Grettis saga Kap. XVIII.9, p. 64; Boer, Richard Constant, ed. (1900). Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar. Halle an der Saale: Max Niemeyer.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, p. 187; Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1989). pp. 155–156, quoted by Keyworth (2006), p. 244. Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075. Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Boer (1898), p. 55. Boer, Richard Constant, ed. (1898). "Zur Grettissaga". Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie. 30: 1–72.
Magnusson & Pálsson (trr.) (1969), Laxdaela Saga, p. 235. Fox, Denton; Pálsson, Hermann (trr.) (1969). Laxdaela Saga. Penguin. ISBN 9780140442182.
Chadwick (1921)/Kershaw (1921) The Saga of Hromund Greipsson, p. 68 [Chadwick, N. K.]=Kershaw, Nora (1921). "The Saga of Hromund Greipsson". Stories and Ballads of the Far Past. Cambridge University Press. pp. 58–78.
Clemoes & Dickins (1959) p. 188 Clemoes, Peter; Dickins, Bruce (1959). The Anglo-Saxons. Bowes & Bowes.
Andrews (1912–1913) p. 603–604 Andrews, A. LeRoy (1912–1913). "Fornaldarsǫgur Norðrlanda (cont.)". Modern Philology. 10 (3): 601–630. doi:10.1086/386906. S2CID 224836243.
Jón Hnefill Aðalsteinsson (1987) pp. 9–10 Jón Hnefill Aðalsteinsson (1987). "Wrestling with ghosts in Icelandic popular belief". Arv: Nordic Yearbook of Folklore. 43: 7–20. ISBN 9789122012436.
Boer (ed.) (1900) Grettis saga Kap. XVIII, p. 125; Eiríkur Magnússon & Morris (trr.) (1869) Ch. 18, p. 47: "þeygi þefgott (and smell there was therein none of the sweetest)". Literally þeyg ("not") + þefr ("smell") + gott ("good"). Boer, Richard Constant, ed. (1900). Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar. Halle an der Saale: Max Niemeyer. Eiríkur Magnússon; Morris, William (trr.) (1869). Grettis Saga. The Story of Grettir the Strong, translated from the Icelandic. London: F. S. Ellis.
Magnusson & Pálsson (trr.) (1969), Laxdaela Saga, Ch. 18, pp. 79–80; introduction, p. 12; index of names, p. 255 Fox, Denton; Pálsson, Hermann (trr.) (1969). Laxdaela Saga. Penguin. ISBN 9780140442182.
Magnusson & Pálsson (trr.) (1969), p.78, n1 Fox, Denton; Pálsson, Hermann (trr.) (1969). Laxdaela Saga. Penguin. ISBN 9780140442182.
Keyworth (2007), p. 71. —— (2007). Troublesome Corpses: Vampires & Revenants, from Antiquity to the Present. Desert Island Books. pp. 29–35. ISBN 9781905328307.
Jón Árnason (1972). Simpson, Jacqueline (ed.). Icelandic Folktales and Legends. University of California Press. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-520-02116-7.
Magnusson & Pálsson (trr.) (1969), Laxdaela Saga, p. 103 Fox, Denton; Pálsson, Hermann (trr.) (1969). Laxdaela Saga. Penguin. ISBN 9780140442182.
Mitchell, Stephen A. (2011). Witchcraft and Magic in the Nordic Middle Ages. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-8122-4290-4.
Norwegian-American Studies and Records - Volume 12. Norwegian-American Historical Association. 1941. p. 42.

doi.org

Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 284. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 285. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009). Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Chadwick (1946), p. 51. Chadwick, N. K. (1946). "Norse ghosts: A study in the Draugr and the Haugbúi". Folklore. 57 (2): 50–65. doi:10.1080/0015587x.1946.9717812. JSTOR 1256952.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), pp. 281–282. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 284. Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 311. Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Keyworth (2006), p. 244: "there is no mention of draugrs being swollen with the supposed blood of their victims". Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 313: "Vampirism is transmittable, to which Þórólfr bægifótr's many victims bear witness". Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), pp. 310–311: "This creature [evil spirit] contaminates Glámr"; Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 297: " some kind of infection is also apparent in the account of Glámr". Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), pp. 291–292. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, p. 187; Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1989). pp. 155–156, quoted by Keyworth (2006), p. 244. Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075. Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Bennett (2014), p. 44. Bennett, Lisa (2014). "Burial Practices as Sites of Cultural Memory in the Íslendingasögur". Viking and Medieval Scandinavia. 10: 27–2. doi:10.1484/J.VMS.5.105211. JSTOR 48501879.
Andrews (1912–1913) p. 603–604 Andrews, A. LeRoy (1912–1913). "Fornaldarsǫgur Norðrlanda (cont.)". Modern Philology. 10 (3): 601–630. doi:10.1086/386906. S2CID 224836243.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 291, n43. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 291, n42, citing Harðar saga. Þórhallur Vilmundarson; Bjarni Vilhjálmsson (edd.), p. 40. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 290. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Chadwick (1946), p. 54-55. Chadwick, N. K. (1946). "Norse ghosts: A study in the Draugr and the Haugbúi". Folklore. 57 (2): 50–65. doi:10.1080/0015587x.1946.9717812. JSTOR 1256952.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 295. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 296. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Hackett, Jon; Harrington, Seán, eds. (2018-02-02). Beasts of the Deep. John Libbey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-86196-939-5.

dsl.ac.uk

"DRAICH, Draick". dsl.ac.uk. Scottish National Dictionary (1700–). Retrieved 2024-12-02.

gutenberg.org

Housman, Laurence (illustrations); R. Nisbet Bain (1893 translation); Jonas Lie (original Danish) (1893). Weird Tales from the Northern Seas. Retrieved 2014-03-17.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

jstor.org

Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 284. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 285. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009). Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Caciola (1996), p. 28. Caciola, Nancy (August 1996). "Wraiths, Revenants and Ritual in Medieval Culture". Past & Present (152): 3–45. JSTOR 651055.
Chadwick (1946), p. 51. Chadwick, N. K. (1946). "Norse ghosts: A study in the Draugr and the Haugbúi". Folklore. 57 (2): 50–65. doi:10.1080/0015587x.1946.9717812. JSTOR 1256952.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), pp. 281–282. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 284. Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 311. Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Keyworth (2006), p. 244: "there is no mention of draugrs being swollen with the supposed blood of their victims". Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 313: "Vampirism is transmittable, to which Þórólfr bægifótr's many victims bear witness". Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Caciola (1996), p. 15: "Thorgunna's death also brought on what might be called an epidemic of aggressive revenants". Caciola, Nancy (August 1996). "Wraiths, Revenants and Ritual in Medieval Culture". Past & Present (152): 3–45. JSTOR 651055.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), pp. 310–311: "This creature [evil spirit] contaminates Glámr"; Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 297: " some kind of infection is also apparent in the account of Glámr". Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), pp. 291–292. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, p. 187; Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1989). pp. 155–156, quoted by Keyworth (2006), p. 244. Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075. Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Bennett (2014), p. 44. Bennett, Lisa (2014). "Burial Practices as Sites of Cultural Memory in the Íslendingasögur". Viking and Medieval Scandinavia. 10: 27–2. doi:10.1484/J.VMS.5.105211. JSTOR 48501879.
Davidson, H. R. Ellis (September 1958). "Weland the Smith Burial Practices as Sites of Cultural Memory in the Íslendingasögur". Folklore. 69 (3): 154–155. JSTOR 1258855.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 291, n43. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 291, n42, citing Harðar saga. Þórhallur Vilmundarson; Bjarni Vilhjálmsson (edd.), p. 40. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 290. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Caciola (1996), p. 33, n102. Caciola, Nancy (August 1996). "Wraiths, Revenants and Ritual in Medieval Culture". Past & Present (152): 3–45. JSTOR 651055.
Chadwick (1946), p. 54-55. Chadwick, N. K. (1946). "Norse ghosts: A study in the Draugr and the Haugbúi". Folklore. 57 (2): 50–65. doi:10.1080/0015587x.1946.9717812. JSTOR 1256952.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 295. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 296. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.

kb.se

tidningar.kb.se

"Själ och kropp i primitiv folktro". Sydsvenskan (in Swedish). 1907-08-04. p. 3. Retrieved 2025-01-26.

oblad.no

"Før kunne du få bot hvis du ikke brygget juleøl". oblad.no (in Norwegian). Norway. 2017-12-25. Retrieved 2025-01-26. Årsaken var at også de underjordiske skulle få noe å bite i. På Nordmøre ble det som var igjen i ølkruset julaften, kalt «drøv-øl» (draug-øl). Ølet sto fremme for dødningene, og ingen måtte drikke av det.

runeberg.org

Svenskt dialektlexikon : ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket : drög – via Project Runeberg.
Rietz, Johan Ernst (1862–1867). Svenskt dialektlexikon: ordbok öfver svenska allmogespråket (in Swedish). Sweden. p. 102. Retrieved 2025-01-26.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Johnsen, Johan Christian (1881–1888). "A-J". Norsk Haandlexikon (in Norwegian). Norway. p. 391. Retrieved 2025-01-26.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

saob.se

"bedraga v.3". saob.se. Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB). Retrieved 2024-12-02.
"troll sbst". saob.se. Swedish Academy. Retrieved 2025-01-29.
"trolla v.1". saob.se. Swedish Academy. Retrieved 2025-01-29.
"trollpacka sbst". saob.se. Swedish Academy. Retrieved 2025-01-29.
"trollskap sbst". saob.se. Swedish Academy. 2008. Retrieved 2025-01-29.
"trolldom sbst". saob.se. Swedish Academy. Retrieved 2025-01-29.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 284. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 285. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009). Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), pp. 281–282. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 284. Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 311. Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Keyworth (2006), p. 244: "there is no mention of draugrs being swollen with the supposed blood of their victims". Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), p. 313: "Vampirism is transmittable, to which Þórólfr bægifótr's many victims bear witness". Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244.
Ármann Jakobsson (2009), pp. 310–311: "This creature [evil spirit] contaminates Glámr"; Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 297: " some kind of infection is also apparent in the account of Glámr". Ármann Jakobsson (2009). "The Fearless Vampire Killers: A Note about the Icelandic Draugr and Demonic Contamination in Grettis Saga". Folklore. 120 (3): 307–316. doi:10.1080/00155870903219771. JSTOR 40646533. S2CID 162338244. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), pp. 291–292. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga, p. 187; Pálsson & Edwards (trr.) (1989). pp. 155–156, quoted by Keyworth (2006), p. 244. Pálsson, Hermannn; Edwards, Paul (trr.) (1973). Eyrbyggja Saga. Edinburgh: Southside Publishers. ISBN 9780900025075. Keyworth, G. David (December 2006). "Was the Vampire of the Eighteenth Century a Unique Type of Undead-Corpse?". Folklore. 117 (3): 241–260. doi:10.1080/00155870600928872. JSTOR 30035373. S2CID 162921894.
Andrews (1912–1913) p. 603–604 Andrews, A. LeRoy (1912–1913). "Fornaldarsǫgur Norðrlanda (cont.)". Modern Philology. 10 (3): 601–630. doi:10.1086/386906. S2CID 224836243.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 291, n43. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 291, n42, citing Harðar saga. Þórhallur Vilmundarson; Bjarni Vilhjálmsson (edd.), p. 40. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 290. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 295. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.
Ármann Jakobsson (2011), p. 296. —— (2011). "Vampires and watchmen: Categorizing the mediaeval Icelandic undead". Journal of English and Germanic Philology. 110 (3): 281–300. doi:10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. JSTOR 10.5406/jenglgermphil.110.3.0281. S2CID 162278413.

uvic.ca

hcmc.uvic.ca

Sayers, William (1994). "The arctic desert (Helluland) in Bárðar saga" (PDF). Scandinavian-Canadian Studies/Études scandinaves au Canada. 7: 11 and notes. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-10-05.

vikinganswerlady.com

"Viking Answer Lady Webpage - The Walking Dead: Draugr and Aptrgangr in Old Norse Literature". Vikinganswerlady.com. 2005-12-14. Retrieved 2010-07-01.

web.archive.org

Sayers, William (1994). "The arctic desert (Helluland) in Bárðar saga" (PDF). Scandinavian-Canadian Studies/Études scandinaves au Canada. 7: 11 and notes. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-10-05.

wiktionary.org

en.wiktionary.org

The color is literally 'blue', thus "blue as hell, and great as a neat" is the rendering in Eiríkur Magnússon & Morris (trr.) (1869), p. 99. Eiríkur Magnússon; Morris, William (trr.) (1869). Grettis Saga. The Story of Grettir the Strong, translated from the Icelandic. London: F. S. Ellis.
"Draugr". 11 February 2024.
"shag-boy". Wiktionary. 29 September 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2023.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Cook, Robert (2001). Njal's saga. London: Penguin. ISBN 0140447695. OCLC 47938075.

youtube.com

"Draugr VS Draugen: A Norwegian Fairytale of Sea Trolls and Viking Zombies". youtube.com. Kim Diaz Holm. Retrieved 2024-12-16.
"God of War is wrong..." youtube.com. Kim Diaz Holm. Retrieved 2024-12-16.