Druze (English Wikipedia)

"Chavez tells Israelis to disobey 'genocidal' govt". 26 September News. September 2009. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2017. More than 200,000 people from the Sweida area carry Venezuelan citizenship and most are members of Syria's Druse sect, who immigrated to Venezuela in the past century.

abs.gov.au (Global: 653^rd place; English: 498^th place)

"Cultural diversity: Census, 2021". Australian Bureau of Statistics. 10 August 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2023.

ahram.org.eg (Global: 1,003^rd place; English: 1,560^th place)

weekly.ahram.org.eg

Al-Araby, Mohamed (25 April 2013). "Identity politics, Egypt and the Shia". Al-Ahram Weekly. Archived from the original on 21 April 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2014.

al-akhbar.com (Global: 5,205^th place; English: 8,229^th place)

english.al-akhbar.com

"Syria: ISIS Imposes 'Sharia' on Idlib's Druze". Al Akhbar English. Archived from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2015.

al-amama.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"alwazir tariq aleisami nayiban lirayiys jumhuriat finizwilaa" "الوزير طارق العيسمي نائبا لرئيس جمهورية فنزويلا" [Minister Tareck El Aissami, Vice President of the Republic of Venezuela] (in Arabic). Aamama. 2013. Archived from the original on 20 May 2019.: Referring governor Tareck El Aissami.
"Holy places of the Druze". Aamama.

al-monitor.com (Global: 2,675^th place; English: 2,028^th place)

Melhem, Ahmad (11 April 2019). "Trump paves way for Israel to expand settlements in Golan". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

arab-reform.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Khalifa, Mustafa (2013), "The impossible partition of Syria", Arab Reform Initiative: 6–7

arabamerica.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are". Arab America. 8 August 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2020.

arabnews.com (Global: 1,365^th place; English: 928^th place)

Kossaify, Ephrem (2 July 2018). "Druze: the great survivors How the world's most secretive faith has endured for a thousand years". rab News Minority Report.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Betts 1990, p. 55: "The total population of Druze throughout the world probably approaches one million." Betts, Robert Brenton (1990). The Druze. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04810-0.
Doniger, Wendy (1999). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions. Merriam-Webster, Inc. ISBN 978-0-87779-044-0.
Morrison, Terri; Conaway, Wayne A. (2006). Kiss, Bow, Or Shake Hands: The Bestselling Guide to Doing Business in More Than 60 Countries (illustrated ed.). Adams Media. p. 259. ISBN 978-1-59337-368-9.
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1992. p. 237. ISBN 978-0-85229-553-3. Druze religious beliefs developed out of Isma'ill teachings. Various Jewish, Christian, Gnostic, Neoplatonic, and Iranian elements, however, are combined under a doctrine of strict monotheism.
Winter, Stefan (2010). The Shiites of Lebanon under Ottoman Rule, 1516–1788. Cambridge University Press. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-139-48681-1.
Abu-Husayn, Abdul-Rahim (2004). The View from Istanbul: Lebanon and the Druze Emirate in the Ottoman Chancery Documents, 1546–1711. I.B. Tauris. pp. 21–22. ISBN 978-1-86064-856-4.
Abu-Husayn, Abdul-Rahim (2004). The View from Istanbul: Lebanon and the Druze Emirate in the Ottoman Chancery Documents, 1546–1711. I.B. Tauris. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-86064-856-4.
Abu-Husayn, Abdul-Rahim (2004). The view from Istanbul: Lebanon and the Druze Emirate in the Ottoman chancery documents, 1546–1711. I.B. Tauris. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-1-86064-856-4.
Fawaz 1994. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
Fawaz 1994, p. 81. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
Fawaz 1994, p. 79–80. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
Fawaz 1994, p. 58. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
Kais Firro (1999). The Druzes in the Jewish State: A Brief History. Brill. p. 95. ISBN 90-04-11251-0.
Fawaz 1994, p. 63. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
Brünner, Rainer (2004). Islamic Ecumenism In The 20th Century: The Azhar And Shiism Between Rapprochement And Restraint (revised ed.). Brill. p. 360. ISBN 978-90-04-12548-3.
Lieber, Sherman (1992). Mystics and missionaries: the Jews in Palestine, 1799–1840. University of Utah Press. p. 334. ISBN 978-0-87480-391-4. The Druze and local Muslims vandalised the Jewish quarter. During three days, though they enacted a replay of the 1834 plunder, looting homes and desecrating synagogues—no deaths were reported. What could not be stolen was smashed and burned. Jews caught outdoors were robbed and beaten.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Religious Freedoms: Druze, The Israel project, archived from the original on 14 September 2012, retrieved 23 January 2012

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,031^st place; English: 879^th place)

hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr

"'Allah has spoken to us: we must keep silent.' In the folds of secrecy, the Holy Book of the Druze". Aix-Marseille University. 30 January 2017. Orientalist literature frequently affiliates the Druze religion with the Muslim faith, although it seems as different from Islam as Islam is from Christianity or Christianity is from Judaism (Bryer 1975b, 239). The Muslim consider Druze doctrine to be heresy specifically because it extols the transmigration of the soul (taqammoṣ əl-arwaḥ) and the repeal of religion.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Lazaridis, Iosif; et al. (2014). "Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans". Nature. 513 (7518): 409–413. arXiv:1312.6639. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..409L. doi:10.1038/nature13673. PMC 4170574. PMID 25230663.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

"Druze set to visit Syria". BBC News. 30 August 2004. Retrieved 8 September 2006. The worldwide population of Druze is put at up to one million, with most living in mountainous regions in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Israel.
"Who are the Maronites?". BBC News. 6 August 2007.
"Who's who in Lebanon". BBC News. 14 March 2005. Retrieved 13 August 2011.

bbc.co.uk

Irshaid, Faisal (19 June 2015). "Syria's Druze under threat as conflict spreads". BBC News.
"The Druze", h2g2, UK: BBC, 8 April 2005, archived from the original on 9 April 2005

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

"Syria conflict: Al-Nusra fighters kill Druze villagers". BBC News. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.

bl.uk (Global: 1,234^th place; English: 779^th place)

- Abulafia, Anna Sapir (23 September 2019). "The Abrahamic religions". www.bl.uk. London: British Library. Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)
- Betts 1990, p. 55: "The total population of Druze throughout the world probably approaches one million." Betts, Robert Brenton (1990). The Druze. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04810-0.
- Halm, Heinz (2003). Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fāṭimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074 [The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. p. 286. ISBN 3-406-48654-1.
- Quigley, John B. (2005). The Case for Palestine An International Law Perspective. Duke University Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-8223-3539-9.
- Harrison, Simon (2006). Fracturing Resemblances: Identity and Mimetic Conflict in Melanesia and the West. Berghahn Books. pp. 121–. ISBN 978-1-57181-680-1.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 14. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Firro 2023, p. 19-20. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Abu Izzeddin, Nejla M. (1993). The Druzes: A New Study of their History, Faith, and Society. Brill. p. 108. ISBN 978-90-04-09705-6.
- Hitti, Philip Khuri (1928). The Origins of the Druze People and Religion: With Extracts from Their Sacred Writings. Library of Alexandria. pp. 27–. ISBN 978-1-4655-4662-3. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
- Sālibī, Kamāl (2005). The Druze: realities & perceptions. Druze Heritage Foundation. pp. 186–190. ISBN 978-1-904850-06-9.
- Conder, Claude Reignier (2018). Palestine. BoD – Books on Demand. pp. 80–. ISBN 978-3-7340-3986-7.
- Al-Rāfidān. Kokushikan Daigaku, Iraku Kodai Bunka Kenkyūjo. 1989. pp. 2–.
- Rosenthal, Donna (2003). The Israelis: Ordinary People in an Extraordinary Land. Simon & Schuster. p. 296. ISBN 978-0-684-86972-8.
- Nisan 2002, p. 95. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- Finegan, Jack (1981). Discovering Israel: An Archeological Guide to the Holy Land. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-1869-0.
- Firro 2023, pp. 19–20. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Firro 2023, p. 19. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 10. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Makarim 1974, pp. 2–3. Makarim, Sami Nasib (1974). The Druze Faith. Caravan Books. ISBN 978-0-88206-003-3.
- Firro, Kais (1999). The Druzes in the Jewish State: A Brief History. Brill. pp. 9, 171. ISBN 90-04-11251-0.
- 'Weingrod, Alex (1985). Studies in Israeli Ethnicity: After the Ingathering. Taylor & Francis. pp. 259–279. ISBN 978-2-88124-007-2.
- Firro 2023, p. 20. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Nisan 2002, p. 283. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- Dānā 2003, p. 99. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Abu-Izzeddin, Nejla M. (1993) [1984]. "Al-Ḥākim Bi-Amr Allāh". The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 74–86. doi:10.1163/9789004450349_011. ISBN 978-90-04-45034-9.
- Nisan 2015, p. 98. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2015). Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle and Self-Expression (2nd ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5133-3.
- Dānā 2003. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Potter, William (2004). Melville's Clarel and the Intersympathy of Creeds. Kent State University Press. p. 156. ISBN 978-0-87338-797-2.
- Westheimer & Sedan 2007, p. 128. Westheimer, Ruth; Sedan, Gil (2007). The Olive and the Tree: The Secret Strength of the Druze. Lantern Books. ISBN 978-1-59056-102-7 – via Google Books.
- First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913–1936. Brill. 1993. ISBN 90-04-09796-1 – via Google Books.
- Philip Khūri Hitti (1966). Origins of the Druze People and Religion. Forgotten Books. p. 31. ISBN 978-1-60506-068-2.
- Betts 1990, p. 131. Betts, Robert Brenton (1990). The Druze. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04810-0.
- Makarim 1974. Makarim, Sami Nasib (1974). The Druze Faith. Caravan Books. ISBN 978-0-88206-003-3.
- Clark, Malcolm (2011). Islam For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. p. 240. ISBN 978-1-118-05396-6.
- Daftary, Farhad (24 April 1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines. Cambridge University Press. pp. 375–. ISBN 978-0-521-42974-0. Retrieved 13 September 2012.
- Beattie, Andrew; Pepper, Timothy (2001). The Rough Guide to Syria. Rough Guides. p. 2. ISBN 978-1-85828-718-8. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
- Meri, Josef W. (2006). Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia. Psychology Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-415-96690-0.
- Swayd 2006. Swayd, Samy S. (2006). Historical dictionary of the Druzes. Vol. 3 (illustrated ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5332-4. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913–1936. Brill. 1993. p. 921. ISBN 90-04-09796-1.
- Hitti 1924. Hitti, Philip Khūri (1924). Origins of the Druze People and Religion. Forgotten Books. ISBN 978-1-60506-068-2. Retrieved 4 April 2012. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
- Harris 2012, pp. 45–47. Harris, William (2012). Lebanon: A History, 600-2011. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-518111-1.
- Harris 2012, p. 71. Harris, William (2012). Lebanon: A History, 600-2011. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-518111-1.
- Reilly, James A. (2016). The Ottoman Cities of Lebanon: Historical Legacy and Identity in the Modern Middle East. London: I. B. Tauris. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-78672-036-8.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 202. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 202. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Fawaz 1994. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
- Vocke, Harald (1978). The Lebanese war: its origins and political dimensions. C. Hurst. p. 10. ISBN 0-903983-92-3.
- Fawaz 1994, p. 81. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
- Fawaz 1994, p. 79–80. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
- Fawaz 1994, p. 58. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
- Rogan, E.L. (2002). Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850–1921. Cambridge University Press. p. 192. ISBN 978-0-521-89223-0. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- Totten, Michael J. (2014). Tower of the Sun: Stories from the Middle East and North Africa. Belmont Estate Books. ISBN 978-0-692-29753-7.
- Syria's Kurds: History, Politics and Society, Taylor & Francis, 2008, ISBN 978-0-203-89211-4
- The Encyclopedia Americana. Grolier Inc. 1996. ISBN 978-0-7172-0130-3.
- Dānā 2003, p. 38. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Hitti 1924, p. 51. Hitti, Philip Khūri (1924). Origins of the Druze People and Religion. Forgotten Books. ISBN 978-1-60506-068-2. Retrieved 4 April 2012. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
- Dānā 2003, p. 18. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Poonawala 1999, p. 542; Nisan 2002, p. 95; Dānā 2003, p. 41 Poonawala, Ismail K. (1999). "Review – The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 119 (3): 542. doi:10.2307/605981. JSTOR 605981. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Swayd 2006, p. 50. Swayd, Samy S. (2006). Historical dictionary of the Druzes. Vol. 3 (illustrated ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5332-4. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- Dānā 2003, p. 56. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Firro 2023, p. 95. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 45-67. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 145. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Betts 1990, p. 92. Betts, Robert Brenton (1990). The Druze. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04810-0.
- Betts 1990, pp. 85–110. Betts, Robert Brenton (1990). The Druze. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-04810-0.
- Lewis, James (2002). The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions. Prometheus Books. Retrieved 13 May 2015.
- Dānā 2003, p. 60. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Fawaz 1994, p. 63. Fawaz, Leila Taraze (1994). An Occasion for War: Civil Conflict in Lebanon and Damascus in 1860. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08782-8. Archive
- Clark, Malcolm (2003). Islam for Dummies. Indiana: Wiley Publishing Inc. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-118-05396-6. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
- Mishaqa, Mikhail (1988). Thackston, Wheeler McIntosh (ed.). Murder, Mayhem, Pillage, and Plunder: The History of the Lebanon in the 18th and 19th Centuries by Mikhayil Mishaqa (1800–1873). State University of New York Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-88706-712-9.
- Ágoston, Gábor; Masters, Bruce Alan (2009). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Infobase Publishing. p. 530. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
- D. De Smet; Ismāʻīl Tamīmī; Ḥamzah ibn ʻAlī ibn Aḥmad (2007). Épîtres sacrées des Druzes ; Rasā'il al-Ḥikma: volumes 1 et 2 / Ḥamza b. ʿAlī et Ismāʿīl at-Tamīmī ; introduction, édition critique et traduction annotée par D. De Smet. Peeters. ISBN 978-90-429-1943-3. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
- Nisan 2002, p. 96–. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- Nisan 2002, p. 95. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- Thomas Riggs (2006). "Christianity: Coptic Christianity". Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices: Religions and denominations. Thomson Gale. ISBN 978-0-7876-6612-5. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016.
- Clark M (2011). Islam For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-118-05396-6. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016.
- David, Abraham (2010). To Come to the Land: Immigration and Settlement in 16th-Century Eretz-Israel. University of Alabama Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-0-8173-5643-9.
- Dovid Rossoff, Safed: The Mystical City. Feldheim Publishers, 1991 ISBN 978-0-873-06566-5 pp. 149ff: The Druze Massacre of Safed
- Louis Finkelstein (1960). The Jews: their history, culture, and religion. Harper. p. 679. In the summer of 1838 the Druses revolted against Ibrahim Pasha, and once more the Jews were the scapegoat. The Moslems joined the Druses in repeating the slaughter and plunder of 1834.
- Ronald Florence (2004). Blood libel: the Damascus affair of 1840. Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-299-20280-4. There had been pogroms against the Jews in Safed in 1834 and 1838.
- Trachtenberg, Joshua (2021). Jewish Magic and Superstition. Beyond Books Hub. ISBN 978-93-7244-128-4.
- Firro 2023, p. 17. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Firro 2023, p. 18. Firro, Kais M. (2023). A History of the Druzes. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-66178-3.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 11. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 12. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Abu-Izeddin 1993, p. 10-11. Abu-Izeddin, Nejla (1993) [1984]. The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society (2nd ed.). Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-09705-8.
- Hitti, P. K. (1966). The Origins of the Druze People and Religion: With Extracts from Their Sacred Writings. Library of Alexandria. ISBN 978-1-4655-4662-3.
britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)
- "Druze | History, Religion, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
- "Druze | History, Religion, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. 12 May 2023.
cbc.ca (Global: 115^th place; English: 82^nd place)
- "Dating Druze: The struggle to find love in a dwindling diaspora". CBC News. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- Bessonov, Ania (18 November 2018). "Dating Druze: The struggle to find love in a dwindling diaspora". CBC News. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
cbs.gov.il (Global: 1,276^th place; English: 2,784^th place)
cbs.gov.il
- "The Druze population in Israel – a collection of data on the occasion of the Prophet Shuaib holiday" (PDF). CBS – Israel. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. 17 April 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- "Localities (1) and Population, by Population Group, District, Sub-District and Natural Region" (PDF). CBS Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics. 31 December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 November 2019.
- "The Druze population in Israel" (PDF). Central Bureau of Statistics (Israel). 24 April 2020.
- The Druze Population of Israel
www1.cbs.gov.il
- Jordanian Druze can be found in Amman and Zarka; about 50% live in the town of Azraq, and a smaller number in Irbid and Aqaba."Localities and Population, by District, Sub-District, Religion and Population Group" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2007.
cbsnews.com (Global: 108^th place; English: 80^th place)
- "ISIS kidnaps dozens of women, girls in deadly Syria raids". CBS News. 30 July 2018.
christoph-heger.de (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Ḥamza ibn ʻAli ibn Aḥmad and Baha'a El-Din. "Elmithaq". The Druze holy book Epistles of Wisdom (PDF). Christoph Heger. p. 47. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 October 2007. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
columbia.edu (Global: 488^th place; English: 374^th place)
gulf2000.columbia.edu
- "Syria region map" (PNG). gulf2000.columbia.edu.
commentary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "On the Horizon: The Strange World of the Druzes". Commentary Magazine. 20 January 1956.
country-data.com (Global: 7,456^th place; English: 6,619^th place)
- "Syria – Sunnis". www.country-data.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
deutschlandfunk.de (Global: 1,366^th place; English: 5,991^st place)
- "Drusentum – Die geheime Religion (2020)". Deutschlandfunk. 14 July 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)
- Hodgson, Marshall G. S. (1962). "Al-Darazî and Ḥamza in the Origin of the Druze Religion". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 82 (1): 5–20. doi:10.2307/595974. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 595974.
- Mahmut, R. İbrahim (2023). "The Christian Influences in Ismaili Thought". The Journal of Iranian Studies. 7 (1): 83–99. doi:10.33201/iranian.1199758.
- Firro, Kais M. (2001). "Reshaping Druze Particularism in Israel". Journal of Palestine Studies. 30 (3): 40–53. doi:10.1525/jps.2001.30.3.40.
- Halabi, Rabah (2014). "Invention of a Nation: The Druze in Israel". Journal of Asian and African Studies. 49 (3): 267–281. doi:10.1177/0021909613485700.
- Abu-Izzeddin, Nejla M. (1993) [1984]. "Al-Ḥākim Bi-Amr Allāh". The Druzes: A New Study of Their History, Faith, and Society. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 74–86. doi:10.1163/9789004450349_011. ISBN 978-90-04-45034-9.
- Abraham, Antoine (1977). "Lebanese Communal Relations". Muslim World. 67 (2): 91–105. doi:10.1111/j.1478-1913.1977.tb03313.x. ISSN 0027-4909.
- Amara & Schnell 2004. Amara, Muhammad; Schnell, Izhak (2004). "Identity Repertoires among Arabs in Israel". Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 30: 175–193. doi:10.1080/1369183032000170222. S2CID 144424824.
- Poonawala 1999, p. 542; Nisan 2002, p. 95; Dānā 2003, p. 41 Poonawala, Ismail K. (1999). "Review – The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 119 (3): 542. doi:10.2307/605981. JSTOR 605981. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
- Poonawala 1999, p. 542. Poonawala, Ismail K. (1999). "Review – The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 119 (3): 542. doi:10.2307/605981. JSTOR 605981.
- Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "The Origins of the Druze Religion". Der Islam. 52 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1515/islm.1975.52.1.47. ISSN 1613-0928. S2CID 201807131.
- Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung)". Der Islam. 52 (2): 239–262. doi:10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239. ISSN 1613-0928. S2CID 162363556.
- Sprengling, Martin (1939). "The Berlin Druze Lexicon". The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures. 56 (4): 388–414. doi:10.1086/370557.
- Dar, Shimon (1988). "The History of the Hermon Settlements". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 120 (1): 26–44. doi:10.1179/peq.1988.120.1.26. ISSN 0031-0328. Heretofore studies of the Ituraeans have been based on historical sources and written history. Archaeological surveys from 1968 to ... Proposes the possibility that the Druze descended from the Ituraeans.
- Haber et al. 2013. Quote: 1 – "We show that religious affiliation had a strong impact on the genomes of the Levantines. In particular, conversion of the region's populations to Islam appears to have introduced major rearrangements in populations' relations through admixture with culturally similar but geographically remote populations, leading to genetic similarities between remarkably distant populations like Jordanians, Moroccans, and Yemenis. Conversely, other populations, like Christians and Druze, became genetically isolated in the new cultural environment. We reconstructed the genetic structure of the Levantines and found that a pre-Islamic expansion Levant was more genetically similar to Europeans than to Middle Easterners."
  2 – "The predominantly Muslim populations of Syrians, Palestinians and Jordanians cluster on branches with other Muslim populations as distant as Morocco and Yemen."
  3 – Lebanese Christians and all Druze cluster together, and Lebanese Muslims are extended towards Syrians, Palestinians, and Jordanians, which are close to Saudis and Bedouins." Haber, Marc; Gauguier, Dominique; Youhanna, Sonia; Patterson, Nick; Moorjani, Priya; Botigué, Laura R.; Platt, Daniel E.; Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth; Soria-Hernanz, David F.; Wells, R. Spencer; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Comas, David; Zalloua, Pierre A. (25 February 2013). "Genome-Wide Diversity in the Levant Reveals Recent Structuring by Culture". PLOS Genetics. 9 (2) e1003316. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003316. PMC 3585000. PMID 23468648.
- Mekel-Bobrov, N; Gilbert, SL; Evans, PD; et al. (9 September 2005), "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM, a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens", Science, 309 (5741): 1720–1722, Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1720M, doi:10.1126/science.1116815, PMID 16151010, S2CID 30403575
- Peidong Shen; et al. (2004). "Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation" (PDF). Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
- Shlush, LI; Behar, DM; Yudkovsky, G; et al. (2008). "The Druze: A Population Genetic Refugium of the Near East". PLOS ONE. 3 (5): Table S6, e2105. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2105S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002105. PMC 2324201. PMID 18461126.
- Doron M. Behar; Bayazit Yunusbayev; Mait Metspalu; Ene Metspalu; Saharon Rosset; Jüri Parik; Siiri Rootsi; Gyaneshwer Chaubey; Ildus Kutuev; Guennady Yudkovsky; Elza K. Khusnutdinova; Oleg Balanovsky; Olga Balaganskaya; Ornella Semino; Luisa Pereira; David Comas; David Gurwitz; Batsheva Bonne-Tamir; Tudor Parfitt; Michael F. Hammer; Karl Skorecki; Richard Villems (July 2010). "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". Nature. 466 (7303): 238–242. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..238B. doi:10.1038/nature09103. PMID 20531471. S2CID 4307824.
- Barcaccia, Gianni; Galla, Giulio; Achilli, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Torroni, Antonio (5 October 2015). "Uncovering the sources of DNA found on the Turin Shroud". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 14484. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514484B. doi:10.1038/srep14484. PMC 4593049. PMID 26434580.
- Lazaridis, Iosif; et al. (2014). "Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans". Nature. 513 (7518): 409–413. arXiv:1312.6639. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..409L. doi:10.1038/nature13673. PMC 4170574. PMID 25230663.
- Scarlett Marshall; Ranajit Das; Mehdi Pirooznia; Eran Elhaik (16 November 2016). "Reconstructing Druze population history". Scientific Reports. 6 35837. Bibcode:2016NatSR...635837M. doi:10.1038/srep35837. PMC 5111078. PMID 27848937.
- Agranat-Tamir L, Waldman S, Martin MS, Gokhman D, Mishol N, Eshel T, Cheronet O, Rohland N, Mallick S, Adamski N, Lawson AM, Mah M, Michel MM, Oppenheimer J, Stewardson K, Candilio F, Keating D, Gamarra B, Tzur S, Novak M, Kalisher R, Bechar S, Eshed V, Kennett DJ, Faerman M, Yahalom-Mack N, Monge JM, Govrin Y, Erel Y, Yakir B, Pinhasi R, Carmi S, Finkelstein I, Reich D (May 2020). "The Genomic History of the Bronze Age Southern Levant". Cell. 181 (5): 1146–1157.e11. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.024. PMC 10212583. PMID 32470400.
- Almarri, Mohamed A.; Haber, Marc; Lootah, Reem A.; Hallast, Pille; Al Turki, Saeed; Martin, Hilary C.; Xue, Yali; Tyler-Smith, Chris (2021). "The genomic history of the Middle East". Cell. 184 (18): 4612–4625.e14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.013. PMC 8445022. PMID 34352227.
druze.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Moukarim, Moustafa F., About the Faith of The Mo'wa'he'doon Druze, archived from the original on 26 April 2012
- "About the Faith of the Mo'wa'he'doon Druze by Moustafa F. Moukarim". Archived from the original on 26 April 2012.
druze.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Luminaries: Al Hakim (PDF), Druze, archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2008
druze.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Religion, AU: Druze, archived from the original on 14 February 2016
- "Druze". druze.org.au. 2015. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016.
druzeheritage.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- History, Druze Heritage, archived from the original on 3 March 2016
druzesect.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Khalwah the prayer place of the Druze". Druze sect site. 29 August 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
druzestudies.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Druze Traditions, Institute of Druze Studies, archived from the original on 14 January 2009
- Druzes, Institute of Druze Studies, archived from the original on 17 June 2006
economist.com (Global: 254^th place; English: 236^th place)
- - "Reforming Islam in Egypt". The Economist. 18 February 2017.
  eial.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Swayd, Dr. Samy, Druze Spirituality and Asceticism, Eial, archived from the original (an abridged rough draft; RTF) on 5 October 2006
  eremnews.com (Global: 7,409^th place; English: low place)
  - "المعارضة المسلحة تصل السويداء وتسيطر على مقرات أمنية (فيديو) | إرم نيوز". www.eremnews.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 9 December 2024.
  ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)
  - Kershner, Isabel (23 April 2019). "Netanyahu Seeks to Name a Golan Heights Settlement for President Trump". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  haaretz.co.il (Global: 514^th place; English: 4,733^rd place)
  - Eli Ashkenazi (3 November 2005). הרצל והתקווה בחגיגות 30 לתנועה הדרוזית הציונית [Herzl and hope in celebrating 30 (years of the) Druze Zionist movement]. Haaretz (in Hebrew). Retrieved 14 October 2014.
  haaretz.com (Global: 497^th place; English: 371^st place)
  - Vered, Ronit (20 November 2022). "In Israel, a Druze and a Jew Bond Over a Shared Tradition: Syrian Coo..." Haaretz. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
  - Stern, Yoav (23 March 2005). "Christian Arabs / Second in a series – Israel's Christian Arabs don't want to fight to fit in". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 10 December 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2006.
  handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)
  hdl.handle.net
  - Granli, Elisabet (2011). Religious conversion in Syria: Alawite and Druze believers (Master's thesis). University of Oslo. hdl:10852/16181.
  harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)
  ui.adsabs.harvard.edu
  - Mekel-Bobrov, N; Gilbert, SL; Evans, PD; et al. (9 September 2005), "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM, a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens", Science, 309 (5741): 1720–1722, Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1720M, doi:10.1126/science.1116815, PMID 16151010, S2CID 30403575
  - Shlush, LI; Behar, DM; Yudkovsky, G; et al. (2008). "The Druze: A Population Genetic Refugium of the Near East". PLOS ONE. 3 (5): Table S6, e2105. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2105S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002105. PMC 2324201. PMID 18461126.
  - Doron M. Behar; Bayazit Yunusbayev; Mait Metspalu; Ene Metspalu; Saharon Rosset; Jüri Parik; Siiri Rootsi; Gyaneshwer Chaubey; Ildus Kutuev; Guennady Yudkovsky; Elza K. Khusnutdinova; Oleg Balanovsky; Olga Balaganskaya; Ornella Semino; Luisa Pereira; David Comas; David Gurwitz; Batsheva Bonne-Tamir; Tudor Parfitt; Michael F. Hammer; Karl Skorecki; Richard Villems (July 2010). "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". Nature. 466 (7303): 238–242. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..238B. doi:10.1038/nature09103. PMID 20531471. S2CID 4307824.
  - Barcaccia, Gianni; Galla, Giulio; Achilli, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Torroni, Antonio (5 October 2015). "Uncovering the sources of DNA found on the Turin Shroud". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 14484. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514484B. doi:10.1038/srep14484. PMC 4593049. PMID 26434580.
  - Lazaridis, Iosif; et al. (2014). "Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans". Nature. 513 (7518): 409–413. arXiv:1312.6639. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..409L. doi:10.1038/nature13673. PMC 4170574. PMID 25230663.
  - Scarlett Marshall; Ranajit Das; Mehdi Pirooznia; Eran Elhaik (16 November 2016). "Reconstructing Druze population history". Scientific Reports. 6 35837. Bibcode:2016NatSR...635837M. doi:10.1038/srep35837. PMC 5111078. PMID 27848937.
  rpl.hds.harvard.edu
  - "Druze in Syria". Harvard University. The Druze are an ethnoreligious group concentrated in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel with around one million adherents worldwide. The Druze follow a millenarian offshoot of Isma'ili Shi'ism. Followers emphasize Abrahamic monotheism but consider the religion as separate from Islam.
  idi.org.il (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - "Israel of Citizens Arab of Attitudes: Index Democracy Israeli 2016 The" (PDF).
  infoplease.com (Global: 2,027^th place; English: 1,710^th place)
  - "Circumcision". Columbia Encyclopedia. Columbia University Press. 2011. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
  internal-displacement.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - "Internal Displacement Monitoring Center – Israel". Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
  ismaili.net (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Ismaili, Islam Heritage Field, archived from the original on 11 September 2019, retrieved 5 June 2008
  israelnn.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Firro, Kais (15 August 2006). "Druze Herev Battalion Fights 32 Days With No Casualties". Arutz Sheva. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2006.
  jewishvirtuallibrary.org (Global: 1,008^th place; English: 891^st place)
  - "The Druze", Jewish virtual library, retrieved 23 January 2012
  - "Benjamin of Tudela". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)
  muse.jhu.edu
  - "The Druze in Israel: Questions of Identity, Citizenship, and Patriotism" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
  joshualandis.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - "The Druze Militias of Southern Syria". Syria Comment. 13 November 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2024.
  jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)
  - Hodgson, Marshall G. S. (1962). "Al-Darazî and Ḥamza in the Origin of the Druze Religion". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 82 (1): 5–20. doi:10.2307/595974. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 595974.
  - Poonawala 1999, p. 542; Nisan 2002, p. 95; Dānā 2003, p. 41 Poonawala, Ismail K. (1999). "Review – The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 119 (3): 542. doi:10.2307/605981. JSTOR 605981. Nisan, Mordechai D. (2002). Minorities in the Middle East: a history of struggle and self-expression (2nd, illustrated ed.). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-1375-1. Retrieved 4 April 2012. Dānā, Nissîm (2003). The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status. Sussex University Press. ISBN 978-1-903900-36-9.
  - Poonawala 1999, p. 542. Poonawala, Ismail K. (1999). "Review – The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 119 (3): 542. doi:10.2307/605981. JSTOR 605981.
  - Branca, Paolo (1997). "Some Druze 'Catechisms' in Italian Libraries". Quaderni di Studi Arabi. 15: 151–164. JSTOR 25802822.
  juf.org (Global: low place; English: 7,373^rd place)
  - "Sending relief – and a message of inclusion and love – to our Druze sisters and brothers".
  - "Sending relief—and a message of inclusion and love—to our Druze sisters and brothers". Los Angeles Times. 6 April 2021.
  - "Sending relief--and a message of inclusion and love—to our Druze sisters and brothers". Los Angeles Times. 6 April 2021.
  - "Sending relief--and a message of inclusion and love—to our Druze sisters and brothers". Los Angeles Times. 6 April 2021. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  latimes.com (Global: 22^nd place; English: 19^th place)
  - "Finding a life partner is hard enough. For those of the Druze faith, their future depends on it". Los Angeles Times. 27 August 2017.
  - "Finding a life partner is hard enough. For those of the Druze faith, their future depends on it". Los Angeles Times. 27 August 2017. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  lexicorient.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Kjeilen, Tore. "Druze". Archived from the original on 1 October 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2007.
  meib.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, Meib, May 2003, archived from the original (dossier) on 11 June 2003
  middle-east-online.com (Global: 8,745^th place; English: low place)
  - "South American 'mate' tea a long-time Lebanese hit". Middle East Online. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 296^th place)
  - Lawler, Andrew (28 September 2020). "DNA from the Bible's Canaanites lives on in modern Arabs and Jews". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  nb.no (Global: 1,595^th place; English: 4,129^th place)
  urn.nb.no
  - Granli, Elisabet (2011). Religious conversion in Syria: Alawite and Druze believers (Master's thesis). University of Oslo. hdl:10852/16181.
  newswise.com (Global: 9,751^st place; English: 7,165^th place)
  - "An International Genetic Study Confirms the History of the Druze Community". www.newswise.com. 11 February 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)
  pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  - Haber et al. 2013. Quote: 1 – "We show that religious affiliation had a strong impact on the genomes of the Levantines. In particular, conversion of the region's populations to Islam appears to have introduced major rearrangements in populations' relations through admixture with culturally similar but geographically remote populations, leading to genetic similarities between remarkably distant populations like Jordanians, Moroccans, and Yemenis. Conversely, other populations, like Christians and Druze, became genetically isolated in the new cultural environment. We reconstructed the genetic structure of the Levantines and found that a pre-Islamic expansion Levant was more genetically similar to Europeans than to Middle Easterners."
    2 – "The predominantly Muslim populations of Syrians, Palestinians and Jordanians cluster on branches with other Muslim populations as distant as Morocco and Yemen."
    3 – Lebanese Christians and all Druze cluster together, and Lebanese Muslims are extended towards Syrians, Palestinians, and Jordanians, which are close to Saudis and Bedouins." Haber, Marc; Gauguier, Dominique; Youhanna, Sonia; Patterson, Nick; Moorjani, Priya; Botigué, Laura R.; Platt, Daniel E.; Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth; Soria-Hernanz, David F.; Wells, R. Spencer; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Comas, David; Zalloua, Pierre A. (25 February 2013). "Genome-Wide Diversity in the Levant Reveals Recent Structuring by Culture". PLOS Genetics. 9 (2) e1003316. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003316. PMC 3585000. PMID 23468648.
  - Mekel-Bobrov, N; Gilbert, SL; Evans, PD; et al. (9 September 2005), "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM, a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens", Science, 309 (5741): 1720–1722, Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1720M, doi:10.1126/science.1116815, PMID 16151010, S2CID 30403575
  - Peidong Shen; et al. (2004). "Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation" (PDF). Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  - Shlush, LI; Behar, DM; Yudkovsky, G; et al. (2008). "The Druze: A Population Genetic Refugium of the Near East". PLOS ONE. 3 (5): Table S6, e2105. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2105S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002105. PMC 2324201. PMID 18461126.
  - Doron M. Behar; Bayazit Yunusbayev; Mait Metspalu; Ene Metspalu; Saharon Rosset; Jüri Parik; Siiri Rootsi; Gyaneshwer Chaubey; Ildus Kutuev; Guennady Yudkovsky; Elza K. Khusnutdinova; Oleg Balanovsky; Olga Balaganskaya; Ornella Semino; Luisa Pereira; David Comas; David Gurwitz; Batsheva Bonne-Tamir; Tudor Parfitt; Michael F. Hammer; Karl Skorecki; Richard Villems (July 2010). "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". Nature. 466 (7303): 238–242. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..238B. doi:10.1038/nature09103. PMID 20531471. S2CID 4307824.
  - Barcaccia, Gianni; Galla, Giulio; Achilli, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Torroni, Antonio (5 October 2015). "Uncovering the sources of DNA found on the Turin Shroud". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 14484. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514484B. doi:10.1038/srep14484. PMC 4593049. PMID 26434580.
  - Lazaridis, Iosif; et al. (2014). "Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans". Nature. 513 (7518): 409–413. arXiv:1312.6639. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..409L. doi:10.1038/nature13673. PMC 4170574. PMID 25230663.
  - Scarlett Marshall; Ranajit Das; Mehdi Pirooznia; Eran Elhaik (16 November 2016). "Reconstructing Druze population history". Scientific Reports. 6 35837. Bibcode:2016NatSR...635837M. doi:10.1038/srep35837. PMC 5111078. PMID 27848937.
  - Agranat-Tamir L, Waldman S, Martin MS, Gokhman D, Mishol N, Eshel T, Cheronet O, Rohland N, Mallick S, Adamski N, Lawson AM, Mah M, Michel MM, Oppenheimer J, Stewardson K, Candilio F, Keating D, Gamarra B, Tzur S, Novak M, Kalisher R, Bechar S, Eshed V, Kennett DJ, Faerman M, Yahalom-Mack N, Monge JM, Govrin Y, Erel Y, Yakir B, Pinhasi R, Carmi S, Finkelstein I, Reich D (May 2020). "The Genomic History of the Bronze Age Southern Levant". Cell. 181 (5): 1146–1157.e11. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.024. PMC 10212583. PMID 32470400.
  - Almarri, Mohamed A.; Haber, Marc; Lootah, Reem A.; Hallast, Pille; Al Turki, Saeed; Martin, Hilary C.; Xue, Yali; Tyler-Smith, Chris (2021). "The genomic history of the Middle East". Cell. 184 (18): 4612–4625.e14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.013. PMC 8445022. PMID 34352227.
  ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  - Haber et al. 2013. Quote: 1 – "We show that religious affiliation had a strong impact on the genomes of the Levantines. In particular, conversion of the region's populations to Islam appears to have introduced major rearrangements in populations' relations through admixture with culturally similar but geographically remote populations, leading to genetic similarities between remarkably distant populations like Jordanians, Moroccans, and Yemenis. Conversely, other populations, like Christians and Druze, became genetically isolated in the new cultural environment. We reconstructed the genetic structure of the Levantines and found that a pre-Islamic expansion Levant was more genetically similar to Europeans than to Middle Easterners."
    2 – "The predominantly Muslim populations of Syrians, Palestinians and Jordanians cluster on branches with other Muslim populations as distant as Morocco and Yemen."
    3 – Lebanese Christians and all Druze cluster together, and Lebanese Muslims are extended towards Syrians, Palestinians, and Jordanians, which are close to Saudis and Bedouins." Haber, Marc; Gauguier, Dominique; Youhanna, Sonia; Patterson, Nick; Moorjani, Priya; Botigué, Laura R.; Platt, Daniel E.; Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth; Soria-Hernanz, David F.; Wells, R. Spencer; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Comas, David; Zalloua, Pierre A. (25 February 2013). "Genome-Wide Diversity in the Levant Reveals Recent Structuring by Culture". PLOS Genetics. 9 (2) e1003316. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003316. PMC 3585000. PMID 23468648.
  - Shlush, LI; Behar, DM; Yudkovsky, G; et al. (2008). "The Druze: A Population Genetic Refugium of the Near East". PLOS ONE. 3 (5): Table S6, e2105. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2105S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002105. PMC 2324201. PMID 18461126.
  - Barcaccia, Gianni; Galla, Giulio; Achilli, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Torroni, Antonio (5 October 2015). "Uncovering the sources of DNA found on the Turin Shroud". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 14484. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514484B. doi:10.1038/srep14484. PMC 4593049. PMID 26434580.
  - Lazaridis, Iosif; et al. (2014). "Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans". Nature. 513 (7518): 409–413. arXiv:1312.6639. Bibcode:2014Natur.513..409L. doi:10.1038/nature13673. PMC 4170574. PMID 25230663.
  - Scarlett Marshall; Ranajit Das; Mehdi Pirooznia; Eran Elhaik (16 November 2016). "Reconstructing Druze population history". Scientific Reports. 6 35837. Bibcode:2016NatSR...635837M. doi:10.1038/srep35837. PMC 5111078. PMID 27848937.
  - Agranat-Tamir L, Waldman S, Martin MS, Gokhman D, Mishol N, Eshel T, Cheronet O, Rohland N, Mallick S, Adamski N, Lawson AM, Mah M, Michel MM, Oppenheimer J, Stewardson K, Candilio F, Keating D, Gamarra B, Tzur S, Novak M, Kalisher R, Bechar S, Eshed V, Kennett DJ, Faerman M, Yahalom-Mack N, Monge JM, Govrin Y, Erel Y, Yakir B, Pinhasi R, Carmi S, Finkelstein I, Reich D (May 2020). "The Genomic History of the Bronze Age Southern Levant". Cell. 181 (5): 1146–1157.e11. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.024. PMC 10212583. PMID 32470400.
  - Almarri, Mohamed A.; Haber, Marc; Lootah, Reem A.; Hallast, Pille; Al Turki, Saeed; Martin, Hilary C.; Xue, Yali; Tyler-Smith, Chris (2021). "The genomic history of the Middle East". Cell. 184 (18): 4612–4625.e14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.013. PMC 8445022. PMID 34352227.
  nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)
  - Kershner, Isabel (23 April 2019). "Netanyahu Seeks to Name a Golan Heights Settlement for President Trump". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  - Isabel Kershner (22 May 2011). "In the Golan Heights, Anxious Eyes Look East". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  openedition.org (Global: 666^th place; English: 1,300^th place)
  books.openedition.org
  - Safi, Khaled M. (2008), "Territorial Awareness in the 1834 Palestinian Revolt", in Roger Heacock (ed.), Of Times and Spaces in Palestine: The Flows and Resistances of Identity, Beirut: Presses de l'Ifpo, ISBN 978-2-35159-265-6
  ou.edu (Global: 5,878^th place; English: 4,074^th place)
  faculty-staff.ou.edu
  - Landis, Joshua (1998). Philipp, T.; Schäbler, B. (eds.). "Shishakli and the Druzes: Integration and intransigence". The Syrian Land: Processes of Integration and Fragmentation. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 369–396.
  pewforum.org (Global: 926^th place; English: 945^th place)
  - "Israel's Religiously Divided Society". Pew Research Center. 8 March 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2017. Virtually all Muslims (99%) and Christians (96%) surveyed in Israel identify as Arab. A somewhat smaller share of Druze (71%) say they are ethnically Arab. Other Druze respondents identify their ethnicity as "Other," "Druze" or "Druze-Arab."
  refworld.org (Global: 2,915^th place; English: 2,147^th place)
  - "Refugee Review Tribunal: What is the attitude of the Druze community toward inter-religious marriages?" (PDF). Refworld. 6 June 2006.
  researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)
  - Doron M. Behar; Bayazit Yunusbayev; Mait Metspalu; Ene Metspalu; Saharon Rosset; Jüri Parik; Siiri Rootsi; Gyaneshwer Chaubey; Ildus Kutuev; Guennady Yudkovsky; Elza K. Khusnutdinova; Oleg Balanovsky; Olga Balaganskaya; Ornella Semino; Luisa Pereira; David Comas; David Gurwitz; Batsheva Bonne-Tamir; Tudor Parfitt; Michael F. Hammer; Karl Skorecki; Richard Villems (July 2010). "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". Nature. 466 (7303): 238–242. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..238B. doi:10.1038/nature09103. PMID 20531471. S2CID 4307824.
  reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)
  - Al-Khalidi, Suleiman (11 June 2015). "Calls for aid to Syria's Druze after al Qaeda kills 20". Reuters.
  sacredtribesjournal.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Erickson, Rebecca. "The Druze" (PDF). Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2015.
  sciencedaily.com (Global: 993^rd place; English: 920^th place)
  - "Genetics Confirm Oral Traditions of Druze in Israel", ScienceDaily, 12 May 2008
  sciencemag.org (Global: 857^th place; English: 3,832^nd place)
  - Mekel-Bobrov, N; Gilbert, SL; Evans, PD; et al. (9 September 2005), "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM, a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens", Science, 309 (5741): 1720–1722, Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1720M, doi:10.1126/science.1116815, PMID 16151010, S2CID 30403575
  semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)
  api.semanticscholar.org
  - Amara & Schnell 2004. Amara, Muhammad; Schnell, Izhak (2004). "Identity Repertoires among Arabs in Israel". Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 30: 175–193. doi:10.1080/1369183032000170222. S2CID 144424824.
  - Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "The Origins of the Druze Religion". Der Islam. 52 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1515/islm.1975.52.1.47. ISSN 1613-0928. S2CID 201807131.
  - Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung)". Der Islam. 52 (2): 239–262. doi:10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239. ISSN 1613-0928. S2CID 162363556.
  - Mekel-Bobrov, N; Gilbert, SL; Evans, PD; et al. (9 September 2005), "Ongoing Adaptive Evolution of ASPM, a Brain Size Determinant in Homo sapiens", Science, 309 (5741): 1720–1722, Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1720M, doi:10.1126/science.1116815, PMID 16151010, S2CID 30403575
  - Peidong Shen; et al. (2004). "Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation" (PDF). Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  - Doron M. Behar; Bayazit Yunusbayev; Mait Metspalu; Ene Metspalu; Saharon Rosset; Jüri Parik; Siiri Rootsi; Gyaneshwer Chaubey; Ildus Kutuev; Guennady Yudkovsky; Elza K. Khusnutdinova; Oleg Balanovsky; Olga Balaganskaya; Ornella Semino; Luisa Pereira; David Comas; David Gurwitz; Batsheva Bonne-Tamir; Tudor Parfitt; Michael F. Hammer; Karl Skorecki; Richard Villems (July 2010). "The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people". Nature. 466 (7303): 238–242. Bibcode:2010Natur.466..238B. doi:10.1038/nature09103. PMID 20531471. S2CID 4307824.
  shaanan.ac.il (Global: low place; English: low place)
  app.shaanan.ac.il
  - Druze Identity, Religion – Tradition and Apostasy (PDF), shaanan, May 2015, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016, retrieved 12 May 2015
  state.gov (Global: 264^th place; English: 249^th place)
  2001-2009.state.gov
  - Lebanon – International Religious Freedom Report 2008 U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 13 June 2013.
  - International Religious Freedom Report, US State Department, 2005
  2009-2017.state.gov
  - Lebanon 2015 International Religious Freedom Report U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 23 April 2019.
  syrianhistory.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Syrian History
  tabletmag.com (Global: 3,207^th place; English: 1,870^th place)
  - Kessler, Dana (15 November 2019). "A Taste of Druze Cuisine". Tablet Magazine.
  - "A Taste of Druze Cuisine". Tabletmag. 20 November 2019.
  thearabweekly.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - "Eid al-Adha celebrated differently by Druze, Alawites". Aw.
  theisraelproject.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - Religious Freedoms: Druze, The Israel project, archived from the original on 14 September 2012, retrieved 23 January 2012
  thestar.com (Global: 336^th place; English: 216^th place)
  - "Nusra Front kills Syrian villagers from minority Druze sect". thestar.com. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  time.com (Global: 61^st place; English: 54^th place)
  content.time.com
  - Padgett, Tim (18 January 2009). "Latin America Looks for a Fresh Start with Obama". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
  tjgorton.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
  - TJ Gorton, Renaissance Emir: a Druze Warlord at the court of the Medici (London: Quartet Books, 2013), pp 167–175.
  unaids.org (Global: 5,436^th place; English: 5,222^nd place)
  - "Male circumcision: Global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability" (PDF). World Health Organization. 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2015.
  usf.edu (Global: 3,436^th place; English: 2,114^th place)
  scholarcommons.usf.edu
  - Radwan, Chad K. (June 2009). Assessing Druze identity and strategies for preserving Druze heritage in North America (MA thesis). University of South Florida.
  ut.ee (Global: 8,317^th place; English: low place)
  evolutsioon.ut.ee
  - Peidong Shen; et al. (2004). "Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation" (PDF). Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  washingtoninstitute.org (Global: 5,572^nd place; English: 4,731^st place)
  - "The Druze and Assad: Strategic Bedfellows". The Washington Institute. Archived from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  - "The Druze and Assad: Strategic Bedfellows". The Washington Institute.
  washingtonpost.com (Global: 34^th place; English: 27^th place)
  - Scott Wilson (30 October 2006). "Golan Heights Land, Lifestyle Lure Settlers". The Washington Post. Retrieved 6 May 2007.
  - Toro, Francisco (14 February 2017). "The U.S. Treasury says that Venezuela's vice president is a drug trafficker". The Washington Post. El Aissami is a member of Venezuela's sizable Druze community. His father is Syrian, his mother Lebanese.
  web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)
  - "alwazir tariq aleisami nayiban lirayiys jumhuriat finizwilaa" "الوزير طارق العيسمي نائبا لرئيس جمهورية فنزويلا" [Minister Tareck El Aissami, Vice President of the Republic of Venezuela] (in Arabic). Aamama. 2013. Archived from the original on 20 May 2019.: Referring governor Tareck El Aissami.
  - Druze Traditions, Institute of Druze Studies, archived from the original on 14 January 2009
  - Abulafia, Anna Sapir (23 September 2019). "The Abrahamic religions". www.bl.uk. London: British Library. Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
    "Syria: ISIS Imposes 'Sharia' on Idlib's Druze". Al Akhbar English. Archived from the original on 20 May 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
    Moukarim, Moustafa F., About the Faith of The Mo'wa'he'doon Druze, archived from the original on 26 April 2012
    Druzes, Institute of Druze Studies, archived from the original on 17 June 2006
    Jordanian Druze can be found in Amman and Zarka; about 50% live in the town of Azraq, and a smaller number in Irbid and Aqaba."Localities and Population, by District, Sub-District, Religion and Population Group" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2007.
    Luminaries: Al Hakim (PDF), Druze, archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2008
    Ismaili, Islam Heritage Field, archived from the original on 11 September 2019, retrieved 5 June 2008
    "About the Faith of the Mo'wa'he'doon Druze by Moustafa F. Moukarim". Archived from the original on 26 April 2012.
    Erickson, Rebecca. "The Druze" (PDF). Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2015.
    History, Druze Heritage, archived from the original on 3 March 2016
    Druze Identity, Religion – Tradition and Apostasy (PDF), shaanan, May 2015, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016, retrieved 12 May 2015
    Kjeilen, Tore. "Druze". Archived from the original on 1 October 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2007.
    "Localities (1) and Population, by Population Group, District, Sub-District and Natural Region" (PDF). CBS Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics. 31 December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 November 2019.
    "The Druze and Assad: Strategic Bedfellows". The Washington Institute. Archived from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
    "Syria – Sunnis". www.country-data.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
    Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, Meib, May 2003, archived from the original (dossier) on 11 June 2003
    "Chavez tells Israelis to disobey 'genocidal' govt". 26 September News. September 2009. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2017. More than 200,000 people from the Sweida area carry Venezuelan citizenship and most are members of Syria's Druse sect, who immigrated to Venezuela in the past century.
    "Sending relief--and a message of inclusion and love—to our Druze sisters and brothers". Los Angeles Times. 6 April 2021. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
    "Finding a life partner is hard enough. For those of the Druze faith, their future depends on it". Los Angeles Times. 27 August 2017. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
    Swayd, Dr. Samy, Druze Spirituality and Asceticism, Eial, archived from the original (an abridged rough draft; RTF) on 5 October 2006
    Religion, AU: Druze, archived from the original on 14 February 2016
    "Druze". druze.org.au. 2015. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016.
    Ḥamza ibn ʻAli ibn Aḥmad and Baha'a El-Din. "Elmithaq". The Druze holy book Epistles of Wisdom (PDF). Christoph Heger. p. 47. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 October 2007. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
    "The Druze", h2g2, UK: BBC, 8 April 2005, archived from the original on 9 April 2005
    "Khalwah the prayer place of the Druze". Druze sect site. 29 August 2010. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
    "South American 'mate' tea a long-time Lebanese hit". Middle East Online. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
    Al-Araby, Mohamed (25 April 2013). "Identity politics, Egypt and the Shia". Al-Ahram Weekly. Archived from the original on 21 April 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
    Clark, Malcolm (2003). Islam for Dummies. Indiana: Wiley Publishing Inc. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-118-05396-6. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
    "Male circumcision: Global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability" (PDF). World Health Organization. 2007. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 December 2015.
    Thomas Riggs (2006). "Christianity: Coptic Christianity". Worldmark Encyclopedia of Religious Practices: Religions and denominations. Thomson Gale. ISBN 978-0-7876-6612-5. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016.
    "Circumcision". Columbia Encyclopedia. Columbia University Press. 2011. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015.
    Clark M (2011). Islam For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. p. 170. ISBN 978-1-118-05396-6. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016.
    "Internal Displacement Monitoring Center – Israel". Archived from the original on 3 September 2006. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
    "The Druze in Israel: Questions of Identity, Citizenship, and Patriotism" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
    Stern, Yoav (23 March 2005). "Christian Arabs / Second in a series – Israel's Christian Arabs don't want to fight to fit in". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 10 December 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2006.
    Firro, Kais (15 August 2006). "Druze Herev Battalion Fights 32 Days With No Casualties". Arutz Sheva. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2006.
    Peidong Shen; et al. (2004). "Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation" (PDF). Human Mutation. 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852. S2CID 1571356. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2005. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
    Lawler, Andrew (28 September 2020). "DNA from the Bible's Canaanites lives on in modern Arabs and Jews". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
    wikisource.org (Global: 27^th place; English: 51^st place)
    en.wikisource.org
    Chisholm 1911, p. 605. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Druses" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 603–606.
    worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)
    search.worldcat.org
    Hodgson, Marshall G. S. (1962). "Al-Darazî and Ḥamza in the Origin of the Druze Religion". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 82 (1): 5–20. doi:10.2307/595974. ISSN 0003-0279. JSTOR 595974.
    Abraham, Antoine (1977). "Lebanese Communal Relations". Muslim World. 67 (2): 91–105. doi:10.1111/j.1478-1913.1977.tb03313.x. ISSN 0027-4909.
    Kershner, Isabel (23 April 2019). "Netanyahu Seeks to Name a Golan Heights Settlement for President Trump". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
    Padgett, Tim (18 January 2009). "Latin America Looks for a Fresh Start with Obama". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
    Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "The Origins of the Druze Religion". Der Islam. 52 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1515/islm.1975.52.1.47. ISSN 1613-0928. S2CID 201807131.
    Bryer, David R. W. (1975). "The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung)". Der Islam. 52 (2): 239–262. doi:10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239. ISSN 1613-0928. S2CID 162363556.
    Dar, Shimon (1988). "The History of the Hermon Settlements". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 120 (1): 26–44. doi:10.1179/peq.1988.120.1.26. ISSN 0031-0328. Heretofore studies of the Ituraeans have been based on historical sources and written history. Archaeological surveys from 1968 to ... Proposes the possibility that the Druze descended from the Ituraeans.
2020-2023
CC BY-SA 4.0
Terms of use

BestRef.net (ver. 1.02)

BestRef shows popularity and reliability scores for sources in references of Wikipedia articles in different languages. Data extraction based on complex method using Wikimedia dumps. To find the most popular and reliable sources we used information about over 300 million references of Wikipedia articles. More details...

Usefull links

Wikipedia Wikidata DBpedia

Go to top

In Wikipedia verifiability we trust

Druze (English Wikipedia)

26sep.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

abs.gov.au (Global: 653rd place; English: 498th place)

ahram.org.eg (Global: 1,003rd place; English: 1,560th place)

weekly.ahram.org.eg

al-akhbar.com (Global: 5,205th place; English: 8,229th place)

english.al-akhbar.com

al-amama.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

al-monitor.com (Global: 2,675th place; English: 2,028th place)

arab-reform.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

arabamerica.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

arabnews.com (Global: 1,365th place; English: 928th place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

archive.today (Global: 14th place; English: 14th place)

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,031st place; English: 879th place)

hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr

arxiv.org (Global: 69th place; English: 59th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.co.uk

bbc.com (Global: 20th place; English: 30th place)

bl.uk (Global: 1,234th place; English: 779th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 40th place; English: 58th place)

cbc.ca (Global: 115th place; English: 82nd place)

cbs.gov.il (Global: 1,276th place; English: 2,784th place)

cbs.gov.il

www1.cbs.gov.il

cbsnews.com (Global: 108th place; English: 80th place)

christoph-heger.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

columbia.edu (Global: 488th place; English: 374th place)

gulf2000.columbia.edu

commentary.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

country-data.com (Global: 7,456th place; English: 6,619th place)

deutschlandfunk.de (Global: 1,366th place; English: 5,991st place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

druze.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

druze.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

druze.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

druzeheritage.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

druzesect.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

druzestudies.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

economist.com (Global: 254th place; English: 236th place)

eial.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

eremnews.com (Global: 7,409th place; English: low place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32nd place; English: 21st place)

haaretz.co.il (Global: 514th place; English: 4,733rd place)

haaretz.com (Global: 497th place; English: 371st place)

handle.net (Global: 102nd place; English: 76th place)

hdl.handle.net

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

rpl.hds.harvard.edu

idi.org.il (Global: low place; English: low place)

infoplease.com (Global: 2,027th place; English: 1,710th place)

internal-displacement.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ismaili.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

israelnn.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

jewishvirtuallibrary.org (Global: 1,008th place; English: 891st place)

jhu.edu (Global: 699th place; English: 479th place)

muse.jhu.edu

joshualandis.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

jstor.org (Global: 26th place; English: 20th place)

juf.org (Global: low place; English: 7,373rd place)

latimes.com (Global: 22nd place; English: 19th place)

lexicorient.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

meib.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

middle-east-online.com (Global: 8,745th place; English: low place)

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344th place; English: 296th place)

nb.no (Global: 1,595th place; English: 4,129th place)

urn.nb.no

newswise.com (Global: 9,751st place; English: 7,165th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

openedition.org (Global: 666th place; English: 1,300th place)

books.openedition.org

ou.edu (Global: 5,878th place; English: 4,074th place)

faculty-staff.ou.edu

abs.gov.au (Global: 653^rd place; English: 498^th place)

ahram.org.eg (Global: 1,003^rd place; English: 1,560^th place)

al-akhbar.com (Global: 5,205^th place; English: 8,229^th place)

al-monitor.com (Global: 2,675^th place; English: 2,028^th place)

arabnews.com (Global: 1,365^th place; English: 928^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,031^st place; English: 879^th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

bl.uk (Global: 1,234^th place; English: 779^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

cbc.ca (Global: 115^th place; English: 82^nd place)

cbs.gov.il (Global: 1,276^th place; English: 2,784^th place)

cbsnews.com (Global: 108^th place; English: 80^th place)

columbia.edu (Global: 488^th place; English: 374^th place)

country-data.com (Global: 7,456^th place; English: 6,619^th place)

deutschlandfunk.de (Global: 1,366^th place; English: 5,991^st place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

economist.com (Global: 254^th place; English: 236^th place)

eremnews.com (Global: 7,409^th place; English: low place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

haaretz.co.il (Global: 514^th place; English: 4,733^rd place)

haaretz.com (Global: 497^th place; English: 371^st place)

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

infoplease.com (Global: 2,027^th place; English: 1,710^th place)

jewishvirtuallibrary.org (Global: 1,008^th place; English: 891^st place)

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

juf.org (Global: low place; English: 7,373^rd place)

latimes.com (Global: 22^nd place; English: 19^th place)

middle-east-online.com (Global: 8,745^th place; English: low place)

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 296^th place)

nb.no (Global: 1,595^th place; English: 4,129^th place)

newswise.com (Global: 9,751^st place; English: 7,165^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

openedition.org (Global: 666^th place; English: 1,300^th place)

ou.edu (Global: 5,878^th place; English: 4,074^th place)

pewforum.org (Global: 926^th place; English: 945^th place)

refworld.org (Global: 2,915^th place; English: 2,147^th place)

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 49^th place; English: 47^th place)

sciencedaily.com (Global: 993^rd place; English: 920^th place)

sciencemag.org (Global: 857^th place; English: 3,832^nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

state.gov (Global: 264^th place; English: 249^th place)

tabletmag.com (Global: 3,207^th place; English: 1,870^th place)

thestar.com (Global: 336^th place; English: 216^th place)

time.com (Global: 61^st place; English: 54^th place)

unaids.org (Global: 5,436^th place; English: 5,222^nd place)

usf.edu (Global: 3,436^th place; English: 2,114^th place)

ut.ee (Global: 8,317^th place; English: low place)

washingtoninstitute.org (Global: 5,572^nd place; English: 4,731^st place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 34^th place; English: 27^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wikisource.org (Global: 27^th place; English: 51^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)