Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Economy of Cuba" in English language version.
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Cuba had a deficit of more than 855,000 housing units by the end of 2023, only slightly less than the shortfall recorded in 2018, when the government presented a policy, still in force, to improve that situation by restoring 402,000 housing nuclei and constructing 527,000 more within ten years. At that time, the Cuban housing stock consisted of some 3.8 million properties, of which almost 40% were in fair or poor condition.
According to [sociologist Mayra] Espina, poverty measurements in the 1980s placed nearly 7% of the population in that condition.
based on interviews with 1,344 people between June and July 2025
More than a decade after authorizing private initiative in 127 categories, the Cabinet approved the scrapping of that list in favor of liberalizing all but 124 of the upwards of 2,000 occupations recognized in the National Classification of Economic Activity, official Communist Party daily Granma reported Saturday.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)Cuba's social welfare system is unique in Latin America due to the following characteristics: 1) a public health-care system that provides universal free services entirely financed by the state (there is no national health insurance); 2) an education system that is also public, universal, free and fully financed by the Treasury; 3) public (social insurance) contributory pensions mainly financed by state enterprises and the government with relatively small contributions from a minority of the insured; and 4) social assistance for vulnerable groups that lack social insurance coverage, also state-financed (there are no conditional cash transfer programs). Unemployment insurance does not exist; the government is promoting non-state employment and it pays a small compensation to unnecessary state employees that are laid off. Other social programs, not discussed herein for lack of space, are: universal price subsidies to rationed goods gradually being dismantled, and state building of dwellings as well as the people with its own resources.
There are no statistical indicators that would permit a comparison of the social situation between 1996 and 2003, but those that are available suggest that there was a deterioration. Inequality increased markedly, with the Gini coefficient jumping from 0.250 to 0.407 between 1989 and 1999, while the ratio of revenue between the richest quintile and the poorest quintile grew from 3.8-to-1 to 13.5-to-1.
At the top ... They say, to this day, private businesses, private enterprises are gonna be complementary to the Cuban economy. The heart of the Cuban economy will still be the state-run enterprises, all of which are incredibly inefficient, don't work, provide terrible service.
More than a decade after authorizing private initiative in 127 categories, the Cabinet approved the scrapping of that list in favor of liberalizing all but 124 of the upwards of 2,000 occupations recognized in the National Classification of Economic Activity, official Communist Party daily Granma reported Saturday.