Extreme weather (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Extreme weather" in English language version.

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40web.archive.org

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amsglossary.allenpress.com

Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Cold Wave". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2009-08-18.

arxiv.org

Singh, Vineet Kumar; Roxy, M.K. (March 2022). "A review of ocean-atmosphere interactions during tropical cyclones in the north Indian Ocean". Earth-Science Reviews. 226: 103967. arXiv:2012.04384. Bibcode:2022ESRv..22603967S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103967.

bbc.com

"Climate change: Arctic warming linked to colder winters". BBC News. 2 September 2021. Archived from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 October 2021.

c2es.org

"Extreme Weather and Climate Change". Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. 2019-08-14. Archived from the original on 2021-06-16. Retrieved 2020-05-26.

carbonbrief.org

"Major tropical cyclones have become '15% more likely' over past 40 years". Carbon Brief. May 18, 2020. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved August 31, 2020.

cbsnews.com

Irina Ivanova (June 2, 2022). "California is rationing water amid its worst drought in 1,200 years". CBS News. Archived from the original on January 13, 2023. Retrieved June 2, 2022.

dkfindout.com

"Fun Facts for Kids on Animals, Earth, History and more!". DK Find Out!. Archived from the original on 2021-07-22. Retrieved 2020-05-26.

doi.org

"Chapter 1 - Overview of extreme weather events, impacts and forecasting techniques". Extreme Weather Forecasting: 1–86. 2023. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-820124-4.00009-8.
Trenberth, Kevin E. (November 2011). "Attribution of climate variations and trends to human influences and natural variability: Attribution of the human influence". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 2 (6): 925–930. doi:10.1002/wcc.142. S2CID 140147654.
Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 21–24. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2.
Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.
Brücker, G. (2005). "Vulnerable populations: Lessons learnt from the summer 2003 heatwaves in europe". Eurosurveillance. 10 (7): 1–2. doi:10.2807/esm.10.07.00551-en.
Epstein, Paul R (2005). "Climate Change and Human Health". The New England Journal of Medicine. 353 (14): 1433–1436. doi:10.1056/nejmp058079. PMC 2636266. PMID 16207843.
T. R. Oke (1982). "The energetic basis of the urban heat island". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 108 (455): 1–24. Bibcode:1982QJRMS.108....1O. doi:10.1002/qj.49710845502. S2CID 120122894.
Cohen, Judah; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Garfinkel, Chaim I.; White, Ian (3 September 2021). "Linking Arctic variability and change with extreme winter weather in the United States". Science. 373 (6559): 1116–1121. Bibcode:2021Sci...373.1116C. doi:10.1126/science.abi9167. PMID 34516838. S2CID 237402139.
He, Yongli; Wang, Xiaoxia; Zhang, Boyuan; Wang, Zhanbo; Wang, Shanshan (2023-05-13). "Contrast responses of strong and weak winter extreme cold events in the Northern Hemisphere to global warming". Climate Dynamics. 61 (9–10): 4533–4550. Bibcode:2023ClDy...61.4533H. doi:10.1007/s00382-023-06822-7. ISSN 1432-0894. S2CID 258681375.
Oreskes, Naomi (2018-02-19), "Why Believe a Computer? Models, Measures, and Meaning in the Natural World", The Earth Around Us, Routledge, pp. 70–82, doi:10.4324/9780429496653-8, ISBN 978-0-429-49665-3
Francis, Jennifer A.; Vavrus, Stephen J. (2012). "Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (6): L06801. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.6801F. doi:10.1029/2012GL051000.
Vladimir Petoukhov; Vladimir A. Semenov (November 2010). "A link between reduced Barents-Kara sea ice and cold winter extremes over northern continents" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 115 (21): D21111. Bibcode:2010JGRD..11521111P. doi:10.1029/2009JD013568. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2019-09-24.
J A Screen (November 2013). "Influence of Arctic sea ice on European summer precipitation". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (4): 044015. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8d4015S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044015. hdl:10871/14835.
Qiuhong Tang; Xuejun Zhang; Jennifer A. Francis (December 2013). "Extreme summer weather in northern mid-latitudes linked to a vanishing cryosphere". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 45–50. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4...45T. doi:10.1038/nclimate2065.
Golledge, Nicholas R.; Keller, Elizabeth D.; Gomez, Natalya; Naughten, Kaitlin A.; Bernales, Jorge; Trusel, Luke D.; Edwards, Tamsin L. (February 2019). "Global environmental consequences of twenty-first-century ice-sheet melt". Nature. 566 (7742): 65–72. Bibcode:2019Natur.566...65G. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0889-9. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 30728520. S2CID 59606358. Archived from the original on 2021-06-19. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
Caesar, L.; McCarthy, G. D.; Thornalley, D. J. R.; Cahill, N.; Rahmstorf, S. (March 2021). "Current Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation weakest in last millennium". Nature Geoscience. 14 (3): 118–120. Bibcode:2021NatGe..14..118C. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00699-z. ISSN 1752-0894. S2CID 232052381. Archived from the original on 2021-06-17. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
Human Cost of Disasters. United Nations. 2020. doi:10.18356/79b92774-en. ISBN 978-92-1-005447-8. S2CID 243258946.
Fischer, E. M.; Sippel, S.; Knutti, R. (August 2021). "Increasing probability of record-shattering climate extremes". Nature Climate Change. 11 (8): 689–695. Bibcode:2021NatCC..11..689F. doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01092-9. ISSN 1758-6798. PMC 7617090. S2CID 236438374.
Knutson, Thomas; Camargo, Suzana J.; Chan, Johnny C. L.; Emanuel, Kerry; Ho, Chang-Hoi; Kossin, James; Mohapatra, Mrutyunjay; Satoh, Masaki; Sugi, Masato; Walsh, Kevin; Wu, Liguang (August 6, 2019). "Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change Assessment: Part II. Projected Response to Anthropogenic Warming". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 101 (3): BAMS–D–18–0194.1. Bibcode:2020BAMS..101E.303K. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0194.1. hdl:1721.1/124705.
Deshpande, Medha; Singh, Vineet Kumar; Ganadhi, Mano Kranthi; Roxy, M. K.; Emmanuel, R.; Kumar, Umesh (2021-12-01). "Changing status of tropical cyclones over the north Indian Ocean". Climate Dynamics. 57 (11): 3545–3567. Bibcode:2021ClDy...57.3545D. doi:10.1007/s00382-021-05880-z. ISSN 1432-0894.
Singh, Vineet Kumar; Roxy, M.K. (March 2022). "A review of ocean-atmosphere interactions during tropical cyclones in the north Indian Ocean". Earth-Science Reviews. 226: 103967. arXiv:2012.04384. Bibcode:2022ESRv..22603967S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103967.
Kossin, James P.; Knapp, Kenneth R.; Olander, Timothy L.; Velden, Christopher S. (May 18, 2020). "Global increase in major tropical cyclone exceedance probability over the past four decades". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (22): 11975–11980. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11711975K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1920849117. PMC 7275711. PMID 32424081.
Douglas, Ian; Goode, David; Houck, Michael C.; Maddox, David, eds. (2010). The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology. doi:10.4324/9780203839263. hdl:11603/25230. ISBN 978-1-136-88341-5.
Rome, Adam (2001). The Bulldozer in the Countryside. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816703. ISBN 978-0-521-80490-5.
Kleerekoper, Laura; van Esch, Marjolein; Salcedo, Tadeo Baldiri (July 2012). "How to make a city climate-proof, addressing the urban heat island effect". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 64: 30–38. Bibcode:2012RCR....64...30K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.06.004. Archived from the original on 2022-01-20. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
Smith A.B.; R. Katz (2013). "U.S. Billion-dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Data sources, Trends, Accuracy, and Biases" (PDF). Natural Hazards. 67 (2): 387–410. Bibcode:2013NatHa..67..387S. doi:10.1007/s11069-013-0566-5. S2CID 30742858. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-03-23.
Zhao, Qi; et al. (1 July 2021). "Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study". The Lancet Planetary Health. 5 (7): e415 – e425. doi:10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00081-4. hdl:2158/1285803. ISSN 2542-5196. PMID 34245712. S2CID 235791583.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Singh, Vineet Kumar; Roxy, M.K. (March 2022). "A review of ocean-atmosphere interactions during tropical cyclones in the north Indian Ocean". Earth-Science Reviews. 226: 103967. arXiv:2012.04384. Bibcode:2022ESRv..22603967S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103967.
Kleerekoper, Laura; van Esch, Marjolein; Salcedo, Tadeo Baldiri (July 2012). "How to make a city climate-proof, addressing the urban heat island effect". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 64: 30–38. Bibcode:2012RCR....64...30K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.06.004. Archived from the original on 2022-01-20. Retrieved 2021-05-05.

emdat.be

"The international disasters database". EM-DAT. Archived from the original on 2021-06-18. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

epa.gov

"Climate Change Indicators: Heat Waves". U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). June 2024. Archived from the original on 7 October 2024. EPA cites data source: NOAA, 2024.
US EPA, OAR (2016-06-27). "Climate Change Indicators: U.S. and Global Precipitation". US EPA. Archived from the original on 2021-06-16. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
US EPA, OAR (2016-06-27). "Climate Change Indicators: Drought". US EPA. Archived from the original on 2021-06-16. Retrieved 2021-05-05.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"Climate change impacts of heat and cold extremes on humans" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2021.

geomar.de

oceanrep.geomar.de

Vladimir Petoukhov; Vladimir A. Semenov (November 2010). "A link between reduced Barents-Kara sea ice and cold winter extremes over northern continents" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 115 (21): D21111. Bibcode:2010JGRD..11521111P. doi:10.1029/2009JD013568. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2019-09-24.

grida.no

"Has Climate Variability, or have Climate Extremes, Changed?". Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Archived from the original on 2005-11-01. Retrieved 13 April 2007.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

J A Screen (November 2013). "Influence of Arctic sea ice on European summer precipitation". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (4): 044015. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8d4015S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044015. hdl:10871/14835.
Knutson, Thomas; Camargo, Suzana J.; Chan, Johnny C. L.; Emanuel, Kerry; Ho, Chang-Hoi; Kossin, James; Mohapatra, Mrutyunjay; Satoh, Masaki; Sugi, Masato; Walsh, Kevin; Wu, Liguang (August 6, 2019). "Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change Assessment: Part II. Projected Response to Anthropogenic Warming". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 101 (3): BAMS–D–18–0194.1. Bibcode:2020BAMS..101E.303K. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0194.1. hdl:1721.1/124705.
Douglas, Ian; Goode, David; Houck, Michael C.; Maddox, David, eds. (2010). The Routledge Handbook of Urban Ecology. doi:10.4324/9780203839263. hdl:11603/25230. ISBN 978-1-136-88341-5.
Zhao, Qi; et al. (1 July 2021). "Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study". The Lancet Planetary Health. 5 (7): e415 – e425. doi:10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00081-4. hdl:2158/1285803. ISSN 2542-5196. PMID 34245712. S2CID 235791583.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

T. R. Oke (1982). "The energetic basis of the urban heat island". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 108 (455): 1–24. Bibcode:1982QJRMS.108....1O. doi:10.1002/qj.49710845502. S2CID 120122894.
Cohen, Judah; Agel, Laurie; Barlow, Mathew; Garfinkel, Chaim I.; White, Ian (3 September 2021). "Linking Arctic variability and change with extreme winter weather in the United States". Science. 373 (6559): 1116–1121. Bibcode:2021Sci...373.1116C. doi:10.1126/science.abi9167. PMID 34516838. S2CID 237402139.
He, Yongli; Wang, Xiaoxia; Zhang, Boyuan; Wang, Zhanbo; Wang, Shanshan (2023-05-13). "Contrast responses of strong and weak winter extreme cold events in the Northern Hemisphere to global warming". Climate Dynamics. 61 (9–10): 4533–4550. Bibcode:2023ClDy...61.4533H. doi:10.1007/s00382-023-06822-7. ISSN 1432-0894. S2CID 258681375.
Francis, Jennifer A.; Vavrus, Stephen J. (2012). "Evidence linking Arctic amplification to extreme weather in mid-latitudes". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (6): L06801. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..39.6801F. doi:10.1029/2012GL051000.
Vladimir Petoukhov; Vladimir A. Semenov (November 2010). "A link between reduced Barents-Kara sea ice and cold winter extremes over northern continents" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 115 (21): D21111. Bibcode:2010JGRD..11521111P. doi:10.1029/2009JD013568. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2019-09-24.
J A Screen (November 2013). "Influence of Arctic sea ice on European summer precipitation". Environmental Research Letters. 8 (4): 044015. Bibcode:2013ERL.....8d4015S. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044015. hdl:10871/14835.
Qiuhong Tang; Xuejun Zhang; Jennifer A. Francis (December 2013). "Extreme summer weather in northern mid-latitudes linked to a vanishing cryosphere". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 45–50. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4...45T. doi:10.1038/nclimate2065.
Golledge, Nicholas R.; Keller, Elizabeth D.; Gomez, Natalya; Naughten, Kaitlin A.; Bernales, Jorge; Trusel, Luke D.; Edwards, Tamsin L. (February 2019). "Global environmental consequences of twenty-first-century ice-sheet melt". Nature. 566 (7742): 65–72. Bibcode:2019Natur.566...65G. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0889-9. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 30728520. S2CID 59606358. Archived from the original on 2021-06-19. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
Caesar, L.; McCarthy, G. D.; Thornalley, D. J. R.; Cahill, N.; Rahmstorf, S. (March 2021). "Current Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation weakest in last millennium". Nature Geoscience. 14 (3): 118–120. Bibcode:2021NatGe..14..118C. doi:10.1038/s41561-021-00699-z. ISSN 1752-0894. S2CID 232052381. Archived from the original on 2021-06-17. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
Fischer, E. M.; Sippel, S.; Knutti, R. (August 2021). "Increasing probability of record-shattering climate extremes". Nature Climate Change. 11 (8): 689–695. Bibcode:2021NatCC..11..689F. doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01092-9. ISSN 1758-6798. PMC 7617090. S2CID 236438374.
Knutson, Thomas; Camargo, Suzana J.; Chan, Johnny C. L.; Emanuel, Kerry; Ho, Chang-Hoi; Kossin, James; Mohapatra, Mrutyunjay; Satoh, Masaki; Sugi, Masato; Walsh, Kevin; Wu, Liguang (August 6, 2019). "Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change Assessment: Part II. Projected Response to Anthropogenic Warming". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 101 (3): BAMS–D–18–0194.1. Bibcode:2020BAMS..101E.303K. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0194.1. hdl:1721.1/124705.
Deshpande, Medha; Singh, Vineet Kumar; Ganadhi, Mano Kranthi; Roxy, M. K.; Emmanuel, R.; Kumar, Umesh (2021-12-01). "Changing status of tropical cyclones over the north Indian Ocean". Climate Dynamics. 57 (11): 3545–3567. Bibcode:2021ClDy...57.3545D. doi:10.1007/s00382-021-05880-z. ISSN 1432-0894.
Singh, Vineet Kumar; Roxy, M.K. (March 2022). "A review of ocean-atmosphere interactions during tropical cyclones in the north Indian Ocean". Earth-Science Reviews. 226: 103967. arXiv:2012.04384. Bibcode:2022ESRv..22603967S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103967.
Kossin, James P.; Knapp, Kenneth R.; Olander, Timothy L.; Velden, Christopher S. (May 18, 2020). "Global increase in major tropical cyclone exceedance probability over the past four decades". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (22): 11975–11980. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11711975K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1920849117. PMC 7275711. PMID 32424081.
Kleerekoper, Laura; van Esch, Marjolein; Salcedo, Tadeo Baldiri (July 2012). "How to make a city climate-proof, addressing the urban heat island effect". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 64: 30–38. Bibcode:2012RCR....64...30K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.06.004. Archived from the original on 2022-01-20. Retrieved 2021-05-05.
Smith A.B.; R. Katz (2013). "U.S. Billion-dollar Weather and Climate Disasters: Data sources, Trends, Accuracy, and Biases" (PDF). Natural Hazards. 67 (2): 387–410. Bibcode:2013NatHa..67..387S. doi:10.1007/s11069-013-0566-5. S2CID 30742858. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-03-23.

ipcc.ch

IPCC, 2022: Annex II: Glossary [Möller, V., R. van Diemen, J.B.R. Matthews, C. Méndez, S. Semenov, J.S. Fuglestvedt, A. Reisinger (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, US, pp. 2897–2930, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.029.
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"Climate Change 2021 / The Physical Science Basis / Working Group I contribution to the WGI Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Summary for Policymakers" (PDF). Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 9 August 2021. Fig. SPM.6 (p. 18), 23. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 November 2021.
IPCC, 2021: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J. B. R. Matthews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York City, US, pp. 8–9; 15–16, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.001.
Collins, M.; Sutherland, M.; Bouwer, L.; Cheong, S.-M.; et al. (2019). "Chapter 6: Extremes, Abrupt Changes and Managing Risks" (PDF). IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate. p. 602. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 20, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
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Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Zhang, Xuebin; Adnan, M.; Badi, W.; et al. (2021). "Chapter 11: Weather and climate extreme events in a changing climate" (PDF). IPCC AR6 WG1 2021. p. 1517. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-05-29. Retrieved 2022-05-13. in IPCC (2021). Masson-Delmotte, V.; Zhai, P.; Pirani, A.; Connors, S. L.; et al. (eds.). Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (PDF). Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press (In Press). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-13. Retrieved 2022-05-13.

latimes.com

Doan, Lynn; Covarrubias, Amanda (2006-07-27). "Heat Eases, but Thousands of Southern Californians Still Lack Power". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-16. Retrieved June 16, 2014.

lsu.edu

resiliency.lsu.edu

"Louisiana Resiliency Assistance Program". Louisiana Resiliency Assistance Program. Archived from the original on 2021-05-07. Retrieved 2021-05-05.

marsh.com

"The Global Risks Report 2024 19th edition" (PDF). World Economic Forum. January 2024. p. 4. ISBN 9782940631643.
"The Global Risks Report 2024 19th edition" (PDF). World Economic Forum. January 2024. pp. 13 & 38. ISBN 9782940631643.

munichre.com

"Very high losses from thunderstorms – The natural disaster figures for the first half of 2020". www.munichre.com. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

nap.edu

Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change (Report). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 2016. pp. 127–136. doi:10.17226/21852. ISBN 978-0-309-38094-2. Archived from the original on 2022-02-15. Retrieved 2020-02-22.

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