Fact-checking (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Fact-checking" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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66web.archive.org

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42worldcat.org

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aeaweb.org

Henry, Emeric; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina; Guriev, Sergei (2022). "Checking and Sharing Alt-Facts". American Economic Journal: Economic Policy. 14 (3): 55–86. doi:10.1257/pol.20210037. ISSN 1945-7731.

afp.com

factcheck.afp.com

"How we work". Agence France-Presse. 18 January 2023. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
"Surveillance video does not show Tangshan attack". AFP Hong Kong. 29 June 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2024.
"Old picture of submerged city in China resurfaces as country's south hit by floods in 2024". Agence France-Presse. 26 June 2024. Archived from the original on 11 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.

aljazeera.com

Cheung, Rachel. "Russia-Ukraine war: In Chinese media, the US is the villain". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 29 April 2024.

americanpressinstitute.org

Marietta, Morgan; Barker, David C.; Bowser, Todd (2015). "Fact-Checking Polarized Politics: Does The Fact-Check Industry Provide Consistent Guidance on Disputed Realities?" (PDF). The Forum. 13 (4): 577. doi:10.1515/for-2015-0040. S2CID 151790386. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.

apnews.com

"New MIT Sloan research measures exposure to misinformation from political elites on Twitter". AP News. 29 November 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2022.

archive.org

Harrison Smith, Sarah (2004). The Fact Checker's Bible: A Guide to Getting it Right. New York: Anchor Books. pp. 8–12. ISBN 0385721064. OCLC 53919260.

arstechnica.com

Harding, Scharon (4 September 2023). "Reddit faces content quality concerns after its Great Mod Purge". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 2 February 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.

arxiv.org

Liu, Huan; Tang, Jiliang; Wang, Suhang; Sliva, Amy; Shu, Kai (7 August 2017), "Fake News Detection on Social Media: A Data Mining Perspective", ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter, arXiv:1708.01967v3, Bibcode:2017arXiv170801967S
Mohseni, Sina; Ragan, Eric (4 December 2018). "Combating Fake News with Interpretable News Feed Algorithms". arXiv:1811.12349 [cs.SI].

axios.com

"Facebook stops putting "Disputed Flags" on fake news because it doesn't work". Axios. 27 December 2017. Archived from the original on 28 December 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2017.

bmj.com

Clarke, Laurie (25 May 2021). "Covid-19: Who fact checks health and science on Facebook?". BMJ. 373: n1170. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1170. ISSN 1756-1833. PMID 34035038. S2CID 235171859.

books.google.com

Graves, Lucas (2016). Deciding What's True: The Rise of Political Fact-Checking in American Journalism. Columbia University Press. p. 27. ISBN 9780231542227.

britannica.com

"William Gaddis (American author)". Britannica.com. Archived from the original on 5 May 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2011.

cambridge.org

Guess, Andrew; Coppock, Alexander (2018). "Does Counter-Attitudinal Information Cause Backlash? Results from Three Large Survey Experiments". British Journal of Political Science. 50 (4): 1497–1515. doi:10.1017/S0007123418000327. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 158335101. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.

cjr.org

Dickey, Colin (Fall 2019). "The rise and fall of facts". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on 7 December 2019.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

cnbc.com

Field, Hayden; Vanian, Jonathan (26 May 2023). "Tech layoffs ravage the teams that fight online misinformation and hate speech". CNBC. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2024.

cnet.com

Elliott, Matt. "Fake news spotter: How to enable Microsoft Edge's NewsGuard". CNET. Retrieved 9 January 2023.

cnn.com

transcripts.cnn.com

"CNN.com – Transcripts". CNN. 1 June 2006. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.

counterhate.com

"The Toxic Ten: How ten fringe publishers fuel 69% of digital climate change denial" (PDF). Center for Countering Digital Hate. November 2021. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2024.

dartmouth.edu

Nyhan, Brendan; Porter, Ethan; Reifler, Jason; Wood, Thomas J. (n.d.). "Taking Fact-checks Literally But Not Seriously? The Effects of Journalistic Fact-checking on Factual Beliefs and Candidate Favorability" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
Guess, Andrew (9 January 2018). "Selective Exposure to Misinformation: Evidence from the consumption of fake news during the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign" (PDF). Dartmouth. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
"Selective Exposure to Misinformation: Evidence from the consumption of fake news during the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2018.

digiday.com

Southern, Lucinda (15 August 2017). "Inside Spiegel's 70-person fact-checking team". Digiday. Retrieved 20 November 2021.

doi.org

Graves, Lucas; Amazeen, Michelle A. (25 February 2019), "Fact-Checking as Idea and Practice in Journalism", Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.808, ISBN 9780190228613
Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (1 July 2015). "The Effect of Fact-Checking on Elites: A Field Experiment on U.S. State Legislators". American Journal of Political Science. 59 (3): 628–640. doi:10.1111/ajps.12162. hdl:10871/21568. ISSN 1540-5907. S2CID 59467358.
Nyhan, Brendan (13 April 2021). "Why the backfire effect does not explain the durability of political misperceptions". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (15): e1912440117. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11812440N. doi:10.1073/pnas.1912440117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 8053951. PMID 33837144.
Nieminen, Sakari; Rapeli, Lauri (19 July 2018). "Fighting Misperceptions and Doubting Journalists' Objectivity: A Review of Fact-checking Literature". Political Studies Review. 17 (3): 296–309. doi:10.1177/1478929918786852. S2CID 150167234. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
Amazeen, Michelle A. (1 October 2016). "Checking the Fact-Checkers in 2008: Predicting Political Ad Scrutiny and Assessing Consistency". Journal of Political Marketing. 15 (4): 433–464. doi:10.1080/15377857.2014.959691. hdl:2144/27297. ISSN 1537-7857. S2CID 145133839.
Amazeen, Michelle A. (2 January 2015). "Revisiting the Epistemology of Fact-Checking". Critical Review. 27 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1080/08913811.2014.993890. hdl:2144/27304. ISSN 0891-3811. S2CID 143522323.
Lim, Chloe (1 July 2018). "Checking how fact-checkers check". Research & Politics. 5 (3): 2053168018786848. doi:10.1177/2053168018786848. ISSN 2053-1680.
Marietta, Morgan; Barker, David C.; Bowser, Todd (2015). "Fact-Checking Polarized Politics: Does The Fact-Check Industry Provide Consistent Guidance on Disputed Realities?" (PDF). The Forum. 13 (4): 577. doi:10.1515/for-2015-0040. S2CID 151790386. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
Fridkin, Kim; Kenney, Patrick J.; Wintersieck, Amanda (2 January 2015). "Liar, Liar, Pants on Fire: How Fact-Checking Influences Citizens' Reactions to Negative Advertising". Political Communication. 32 (1): 127–151. doi:10.1080/10584609.2014.914613. ISSN 1058-4609. S2CID 143495044.
Barrera, Oscar; Guriev, Sergei; Henry, Emeric; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina (1 February 2020). "Facts, alternative facts, and fact checking in times of post-truth politics". Journal of Public Economics. 182: 104123. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2019.104123. ISSN 0047-2727.
Hill, Seth J. (16 August 2017). "Learning Together Slowly: Bayesian Learning about Political Facts". The Journal of Politics. 79 (4): 1403–1418. doi:10.1086/692739. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 56004909.
Clayton, Katherine; Blair, Spencer; Busam, Jonathan A.; Forstner, Samuel; Glance, John; Green, Guy; Kawata, Anna; Kovvuri, Akhila; Martin, Jonathan (11 February 2019). "Real Solutions for Fake News? Measuring the Effectiveness of General Warnings and Fact-Check Tags in Reducing Belief in False Stories on Social Media". Political Behavior. 42 (4): 1073–1095. doi:10.1007/s11109-019-09533-0. ISSN 1573-6687. S2CID 151227829.
Mena, Paul (2019). "Cleaning Up Social Media: The Effect of Warning Labels on Likelihood of Sharing False News on Facebook". Policy & Internet. 12 (2): 165–183. doi:10.1002/poi3.214. ISSN 1944-2866. S2CID 201376614.
Ethan Porter; Thomas J. Wood (2019). False Alarm: The Truth About Political Mistruths in the Trump Era. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108688338. ISBN 9781108688338. S2CID 240628244.
Walter, Nathan; Cohen, Jonathan; Holbert, R. Lance; Morag, Yasmin (24 October 2019). "Fact-Checking: A Meta-Analysis of What Works and for Whom". Political Communication. 37 (3): 350–375. doi:10.1080/10584609.2019.1668894. ISSN 1058-4609. S2CID 210444838.
Porter, Ethan; Wood, Thomas J.; Kirby, David (2018). "Sex Trafficking, Russian Infiltration, Birth Certificates, and Pedophilia: A Survey Experiment Correcting Fake News". Journal of Experimental Political Science. 5 (2): 159–164. doi:10.1017/XPS.2017.32. ISSN 2052-2630.
Holman, Mirya R.; Lay, J. Celeste (2018). "They See Dead People (Voting): Correcting Misperceptions about Voter Fraud in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election". Journal of Political Marketing. 18 (1–2): 31–68. doi:10.1080/15377857.2018.1478656. S2CID 150282138.
Henry, Emeric; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina; Guriev, Sergei (2022). "Checking and Sharing Alt-Facts". American Economic Journal: Economic Policy. 14 (3): 55–86. doi:10.1257/pol.20210037. ISSN 1945-7731.
Carnahan, Dustin; Bergan, Daniel E.; Lee, Sangwon (9 January 2020). "Do Corrective Effects Last? Results from a Longitudinal Experiment on Beliefs Toward Immigration in the U.S.". Political Behavior. 43 (3): 1227–1246. doi:10.1007/s11109-020-09591-9. ISSN 1573-6687. S2CID 214096205.
Porter, Ethan; Wood, Thomas J. (14 September 2021). "The global effectiveness of fact-checking: Evidence from simultaneous experiments in Argentina, Nigeria, South Africa, and the United Kingdom". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (37): e2104235118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11804235P. doi:10.1073/pnas.2104235118. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 8449384. PMID 34507996.
Velez, Yamil R.; Porter, Ethan; Wood, Thomas J. (14 February 2023). "Latino-Targeted Misinformation and the Power of Factual Corrections". The Journal of Politics. 85 (2): 789–794. doi:10.1086/722345. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 252254129.
Carey, John M.; Guess, Andrew M.; Loewen, Peter J.; Merkley, Eric; Nyhan, Brendan; Phillips, Joseph B.; Reifler, Jason (3 February 2022). "The ephemeral effects of fact-checks on COVID-19 misperceptions in the United States, Great Britain and Canada". Nature Human Behaviour. 6 (2): 236–243. doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01278-3. hdl:10871/128705. ISSN 2397-3374. PMID 35115678. S2CID 246529090.
Batista Pereira, Frederico; Bueno, Natália S.; Nunes, Felipe; Pavão, Nara (2022). "Fake News, Fact Checking, and Partisanship: The Resilience of Rumors in the 2018 Brazilian Elections". The Journal of Politics. 84 (4): 000. doi:10.1086/719419. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 252818440.
Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (9 January 2015). "Does correcting myths about the flu vaccine work? An experimental evaluation of the effects of corrective information" (PDF). Vaccine. 33 (3): 459–464. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.017. hdl:10871/21566. ISSN 1873-2518. PMID 25499651. S2CID 291822.
Haglin, Kathryn (1 July 2017). "The limitations of the backfire effect". Research & Politics. 4 (3): 2053168017716547. doi:10.1177/2053168017716547. ISSN 2053-1680.
Wood, Thomas; Porter, Ethan (2019). "The Elusive Backfire Effect: Mass Attitudes' Steadfast Factual Adherence". Political Behavior. 41 (1): 135–163. doi:10.1007/s11109-018-9443-y. ISSN 1573-6687. S2CID 151582406.
Nyhan, Brendan; Porter, Ethan; Reifler, Jason; Wood, Thomas J. (21 January 2019). "Taking Fact-Checks Literally But Not Seriously? The Effects of Journalistic Fact-Checking on Factual Beliefs and Candidate Favorability". Political Behavior. 42 (3): 939–960. doi:10.1007/s11109-019-09528-x. hdl:10871/38020. ISSN 1573-6687. S2CID 189913123.
Guess, Andrew; Coppock, Alexander (2018). "Does Counter-Attitudinal Information Cause Backlash? Results from Three Large Survey Experiments". British Journal of Political Science. 50 (4): 1497–1515. doi:10.1017/S0007123418000327. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 158335101. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
Wintersieck, Amanda L. (5 January 2017). "Debating the Truth". American Politics Research. 45 (2): 304–331. doi:10.1177/1532673x16686555. S2CID 157870755.
Agadjanian, Alexander; Bakhru, Nikita; Chi, Victoria; Greenberg, Devyn; Hollander, Byrne; Hurt, Alexander; Kind, Joseph; Lu, Ray; Ma, Annie; Nyhan, Brendan; Pham, Daniel (1 July 2019). "Counting the Pinocchios: The effect of summary fact-checking data on perceived accuracy and favorability of politicians". Research & Politics. 6 (3): 2053168019870351. doi:10.1177/2053168019870351. ISSN 2053-1680.
Rose, Jennifer (January 2020). "To Believe or Not to Believe: an Epistemic Exploration of Fake News, Truth, and the Limits of Knowing". Postdigital Science and Education. 2 (1). Springer: 202–216. doi:10.1007/s42438-019-00068-5.
Allcott, Hunt (2017). "Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election." The Journal of Economic Perspectives" (PDF). The Journal of Economic Perspectives. 31: 211–235. doi:10.1257/jep.31.2.211. S2CID 32730475. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 October 2019. Retrieved 2 September 2019.
ShuKai; SlivaAmy; WangSuhang; TangJiliang; LiuHuan (1 September 2017). "Fake News Detection on Social Media". ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter. 19: 22–36. doi:10.1145/3137597.3137600. S2CID 207718082.
Islam, Md Rafiqul; Liu, Shaowu; Wang, Xianzhi; Xu, Guandong (29 September 2020). "Deep learning for misinformation detection on online social networks: a survey and new perspectives". Social Network Analysis and Mining. 10 (1): 82. doi:10.1007/s13278-020-00696-x. ISSN 1869-5469. PMC 7524036. PMID 33014173.
Mosleh, Mohsen; Rand, David G. (21 November 2022). "Measuring exposure to misinformation from political elites on Twitter". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 7144. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.7144M. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34769-6. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 9681735. PMID 36414634.
Jahanbakhsh, Farnaz; Zhang, Amy X.; Karger, David R. (11 November 2022). "Leveraging Structured Trusted-Peer Assessments to Combat Misinformation". Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 6 (CSCW2): 524:1–524:40. doi:10.1145/3555637. hdl:1721.1/147638.
Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (2010). "When Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions". Political Behavior. 32 (2): 303–330. doi:10.1007/s11109-010-9112-2. ISSN 0190-9320.
Swire-Thompson, Briony; DeGutis, Joseph; Lazer, David (2020). "Searching for the backfire effect: Measurement and design considerations". Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition. 9 (3): 286–299. doi:10.1016/j.jarmac.2020.06.006. ISSN 2211-369X. PMC 7462781. PMID 32905023.
Diaz Ruiz, Carlos; Nilsson, Tomas (2023). "Disinformation and Echo Chambers: How Disinformation Circulates on Social Media Through Identity-Driven Controversies". Journal of Public Policy & Marketing. 42 (1): 18–35. doi:10.1177/07439156221103852. ISSN 0743-9156.
Clarke, Laurie (25 May 2021). "Covid-19: Who fact checks health and science on Facebook?". BMJ. 373: n1170. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1170. ISSN 1756-1833. PMID 34035038. S2CID 235171859.
Fang, Kecheng (12 April 2022), Wasserman, Herman; Madrid-Morales, Dani (eds.), "'Rumor-Debunking' as a Propaganda and Censorship Strategy in China: The Case of the COVID-19 Outbreak", Disinformation in the Global South (1st ed.), Wiley, pp. 108–122, doi:10.1002/9781119714491.ch8, ISBN 978-1-119-71444-6, retrieved 29 April 2024

escholarship.org

Hill, Seth J. (16 August 2017). "Learning Together Slowly: Bayesian Learning about Political Facts". The Journal of Politics. 79 (4): 1403–1418. doi:10.1086/692739. ISSN 0022-3816. S2CID 56004909.

exeter.ac.uk

ore.exeter.ac.uk

Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (9 January 2015). "Does correcting myths about the flu vaccine work? An experimental evaluation of the effects of corrective information" (PDF). Vaccine. 33 (3): 459–464. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.017. hdl:10871/21566. ISSN 1873-2518. PMID 25499651. S2CID 291822.

fastcompany.com

"Under Elon Musk, X is denying API access to academics who study misinformation". Fast Company. 27 February 2024. Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.

firstdraftnews.org

"7 key takeaways on information disorder from #ONA19". First Draft News. 18 September 2019. Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2024.

fivethirtyeight.com

Drutman, Lee (3 June 2020). "Fact-Checking Misinformation Can Work. But It Might Not Be Enough". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
Fact-Checking Misinformation Can Work. But It Might Not Be Enough.

foxbusiness.com

"New House GOP Wuhan lab report discredits Facebook 'fact checkers' that censored COVID origin claims". FOXBusiness.com. 24 May 2021.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (1 July 2015). "The Effect of Fact-Checking on Elites: A Field Experiment on U.S. State Legislators". American Journal of Political Science. 59 (3): 628–640. doi:10.1111/ajps.12162. hdl:10871/21568. ISSN 1540-5907. S2CID 59467358.
Amazeen, Michelle A. (1 October 2016). "Checking the Fact-Checkers in 2008: Predicting Political Ad Scrutiny and Assessing Consistency". Journal of Political Marketing. 15 (4): 433–464. doi:10.1080/15377857.2014.959691. hdl:2144/27297. ISSN 1537-7857. S2CID 145133839.
Amazeen, Michelle A. (2 January 2015). "Revisiting the Epistemology of Fact-Checking". Critical Review. 27 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1080/08913811.2014.993890. hdl:2144/27304. ISSN 0891-3811. S2CID 143522323.
Carey, John M.; Guess, Andrew M.; Loewen, Peter J.; Merkley, Eric; Nyhan, Brendan; Phillips, Joseph B.; Reifler, Jason (3 February 2022). "The ephemeral effects of fact-checks on COVID-19 misperceptions in the United States, Great Britain and Canada". Nature Human Behaviour. 6 (2): 236–243. doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01278-3. hdl:10871/128705. ISSN 2397-3374. PMID 35115678. S2CID 246529090.
Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (9 January 2015). "Does correcting myths about the flu vaccine work? An experimental evaluation of the effects of corrective information" (PDF). Vaccine. 33 (3): 459–464. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.017. hdl:10871/21566. ISSN 1873-2518. PMID 25499651. S2CID 291822.
Nyhan, Brendan; Porter, Ethan; Reifler, Jason; Wood, Thomas J. (21 January 2019). "Taking Fact-Checks Literally But Not Seriously? The Effects of Journalistic Fact-Checking on Factual Beliefs and Candidate Favorability". Political Behavior. 42 (3): 939–960. doi:10.1007/s11109-019-09528-x. hdl:10871/38020. ISSN 1573-6687. S2CID 189913123.
Jahanbakhsh, Farnaz; Zhang, Amy X.; Karger, David R. (11 November 2022). "Leveraging Structured Trusted-Peer Assessments to Combat Misinformation". Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 6 (CSCW2): 524:1–524:40. doi:10.1145/3555637. hdl:1721.1/147638.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Nyhan, Brendan (13 April 2021). "Why the backfire effect does not explain the durability of political misperceptions". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (15): e1912440117. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11812440N. doi:10.1073/pnas.1912440117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 8053951. PMID 33837144.
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