French fries (English Wikipedia)

Grace, Francie (5 June 2002). "McDonald's Settles Beef Over Fries". CBS News. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
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bbcamerica.com

Mcalpine, Fraser. "Fries or chips? What is the Difference Between French Fries and British Chips?". BBC America. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.

bbcgoodfood.com

"Chunky oven chips". BBC Good Food. BBC. Archived from the original on 21 August 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2016.

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Kirkpatrick, Mary E. (1956). French-frying Quality of Potatoes: As Influenced by Cooking Methods, Storage Conditions, and Specific Gravity of Tubers. Technical Bulletin. Vol. 1142. U.S. Department of Agriculture. p. 3.
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Lingle, B. (2016). Fries!: An Illustrated Guide to the World's Favorite Food. Chronicle Books. pp. 50–53. ISBN 978-1-61689-504-4. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
Google ngrams for "French fried potatoes" and "French fries" in the US and UK corpora [1]
Handy, Mrs. Moses P. "Kitchen Economy in France", Good Housekeeping, Volumes 28–29 159 Vol XXIX No 1 July 1899 Whole No 249. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
Le Moyne Des Essarts, Nicolas-Toussaint (1775). Causes célebres curieuses et interessantes, de toutes les cours ..., Volume 5, p. 41 and P. 159. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
Warren, Eliza (c. 1859). The Economical Cookery Book for Housewives, Cooks, and Maids-Of-All-Work, With Hints to the Mistress and Servant. London: Piper, Stephenson, and Spence. p. 88. OCLC 27869877. French Fried Potatoes
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Maria Desiderata Montana (18 September 2012). Food Lovers' Guide to® San Diego: The Best Restaurants, Markets & Local Culinary Offerings. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-7627-8904-7.

brooklynsupper.com

"kimchi fries". Brooklynsupper.com. Archived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.

calgaryherald.com

Stephenson, Amanda (14 June 2021). "French fry giant McCain Foods' environmental promises could change potato farming in Alberta". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2021.

cambridge.org

dictionary.cambridge.org

Indian English, "finger chip". Cambridge Dictionary Online. Archived from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2013.

cancer.org

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cbsnews.com

Grace, Francie (5 June 2002). "McDonald's Settles Beef Over Fries". CBS News. Archived from the original on 29 July 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2011.

chilit.org

Ebeling, Charles (31 October 2005). "French fried: From Monticello to the Moon, A Social, Political and Cultural Appreciation of the French Fry". The Chicago Literary Club. Archived from the original on 3 February 2007. Retrieved 12 January 2007.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"New research suggests that French fries may be linked to depression". CNN. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.

comeheretome.com

"A postcard, Giuseppe Cervi and the story of the Dublin chipper". Come Here To Me!. 14 March 2017. Archived from the original on 1 June 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2017.

commercialappeal.com

"5 to Try: Cheese fries". Commercial Appeal. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2018.

cronica.com.ar

"Este 20 de agosto se celebra el Día Mundial de las Papas Fritas". Diario Crónica. 20 August 2020. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. "enviaban las papas fritas y guisadas"

doi.org

Garayo, Jagoba; Moreira, Rosana (1 November 2002). "Vacuum frying of potato chips". Journal of Food Engineering. 55 (2): 181–191. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.459.6522. doi:10.1016/S0260-8774(02)00062-6. ISSN 0260-8774.
Fishwick, Marshall W (1998). "The Savant as Gourmet". The Journal of Popular Culture. 32 (part 1): 51–58. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1998.3201_51.x. ISSN 0022-3840.
Pelucchi C, Bosetti C, Galeone C, La Vecchia C (2015). "Dietary acrylamide and cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis". Int. J. Cancer. 136 (12): 2912–22. doi:10.1002/ijc.29339. PMID 25403648. S2CID 26689375.
Clark, Michael; Springmann, Marco; Rayner, Mike; Scarborough, Peter; Hill, Jason; Tilman, David; Macdiarmid, Jennie I.; Fanzo, Jessica; Bandy, Lauren; Harrington, Richard A. (16 August 2022). "Estimating the environmental impacts of 57,000 food products". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (33): e2120584119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11920584C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2120584119. eISSN 1091-6490. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9388151. PMID 35939701.

dundeecity.gov.uk

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food24.com

"Top tips for making the perfect fries". Food24. 1 March 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2019.

foodcrumbles.com

Mal, Julie (26 October 2019). "Science of making perfect fries". Food Crumbles. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2019.

forbes.com

"China's US importation". Forbes. Archived from the original on 8 June 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
"Health Risks". Forbes. Archived from the original on 17 December 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2018.

foxnews.com

"Amount of French Fries". Fox News. 22 November 2016. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2018.

frites.be

(in French) Hugues Henry (16 August 2001) "La Frite est-elle belge?" (in French). Archived from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2012.. Frites.be. Retrieved 12 September 2012.

frozenfoodsbiz.com

"Canada's Imports". frozenfoodsbiz.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.

ghostarchive.org

Mishan, Ligaya (18 July 2019). "Peruvian, Fortifying and Frank, at Warique in Queens". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Severson, Kim (25 November 2010). "Sweet Potatoes Step Out From Under Marshmallows". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

goodfood.com.au

Dubecki, Larissa (26 July 2016). "The quest for the 'Perfect Chip'". Good Food. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Clark, Michael; Springmann, Marco; Rayner, Mike; Scarborough, Peter; Hill, Jason; Tilman, David; Macdiarmid, Jennie I.; Fanzo, Jessica; Bandy, Lauren; Harrington, Richard A. (16 August 2022). "Estimating the environmental impacts of 57,000 food products". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (33): e2120584119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11920584C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2120584119. eISSN 1091-6490. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9388151. PMID 35939701.

histoiredelafrite.com

"Histoire de la pomme de terre frite". Histoiredelafrite.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.

historyoffastfood.com

"Pre-Made Fries". historyoffastfood.com. Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2018.

idahopotato.com

"Russet Burbank". idahopotato.com. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2018.

indianexpress.com

"Chips, fries or crisps? Netizens debate over names given to different types of potato chips". The Indian Express. 5 September 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

japantoday.com

"The best-tasting French fries in Japan are…". Japan Today. 2 September 2012. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.

justia.com

law.justia.com

"04-40802: Fleming Companies v. Dept of Agriculture :: Fifth Circuit :: US Court of Appeals Cases :: Justia". Law.justia.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2013. Retrieved 16 September 2013.

ladepeche.fr

"Les frites sont-elles belges ou françaises ? Voici enfin la réponse !". Ladepeche.fr. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.

lefigaro.fr

"Non, les frites ne sont pas belges". Lefigaro.fr. 1 August 2018. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.

lemonde.fr

"La frite est-elle Belge ou Française ?". Le Monde (in French). 2 January 2013. Archived from the original on 15 February 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2014.

liverpoolecho.co.uk

Kirwin, Ellen: Liverpool's best dirty fries, cheesy chips and downright filthy food Archived 13 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Liverpool Echo 8 March 2017. Accessed on 13 May 2021.

mcdonalds.com

nutrition.mcdonalds.com

"McDonald's Nutrition Facts for Popular Menu Items" (PDF). nutrition.mcdonalds.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2011.

montrealgazette.com

Semenak, Susan (6 February 2015). "Backstage at La Banquise – because it's always poutine week there". Montreal Gazette. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 27 January 2019.

msu.edu

digital.lib.msu.edu

Rorer, Sarah Tyson (c. 1902). "Page 211". Mrs. Rorer's New Cook Book. Philadelphia: Arnold & Company. p. 211. Archived from the original on 5 May 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2007. French Fried Chicken

musee-gourmandise.be

Leclercq, Pierre (2 February 2010). La véritable histoire de la pomme de terre frite Archived 9 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Musee-gourmandise.be, mentioning the work of Fernand Pirotte on the history of the potato

nationalgeographic.com

Rupp, Rebecca (8 January 2015). "Are French Fries Truly French?". Culture. Archived from the original on 18 January 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2021.

nbcnews.com

"Burger King Trans fats". NBC News. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2018.

news.com.au

Mitchell, Simone. "Frozen microwave chips: Answer to our prayers or culinary nightmare?". News.com.au. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2022.

newyorker.com

"The Trouble with Fries". The New Yorker. 25 February 2001. Archived from the original on 29 July 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pelucchi C, Bosetti C, Galeone C, La Vecchia C (2015). "Dietary acrylamide and cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis". Int. J. Cancer. 136 (12): 2912–22. doi:10.1002/ijc.29339. PMID 25403648. S2CID 26689375.
Clark, Michael; Springmann, Marco; Rayner, Mike; Scarborough, Peter; Hill, Jason; Tilman, David; Macdiarmid, Jennie I.; Fanzo, Jessica; Bandy, Lauren; Harrington, Richard A. (16 August 2022). "Estimating the environmental impacts of 57,000 food products". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (33): e2120584119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11920584C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2120584119. eISSN 1091-6490. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9388151. PMID 35939701.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Clark, Michael; Springmann, Marco; Rayner, Mike; Scarborough, Peter; Hill, Jason; Tilman, David; Macdiarmid, Jennie I.; Fanzo, Jessica; Bandy, Lauren; Harrington, Richard A. (16 August 2022). "Estimating the environmental impacts of 57,000 food products". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (33): e2120584119. Bibcode:2022PNAS..11920584C. doi:10.1073/pnas.2120584119. eISSN 1091-6490. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9388151. PMID 35939701.

nytimes.com

Hesser, Amanda (5 May 1999). "Deep Secrets: Making the Perfect Fry; The potato of the moment is often a soggy disappointment. Time to take things into your own hands". The New York Times. pp. F1. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
Sekules, Kate (23 May 2007). "A Staple From Quebec, Embarrassing but Adored". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2008. Article on Poutine coming to New York City
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Mishan, Ligaya (18 July 2019). "Peruvian, Fortifying and Frank, at Warique in Queens". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Severson, Kim (25 November 2010). "Sweet Potatoes Step Out From Under Marshmallows". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

select.nytimes.com

Mackenzie, Catherine (7 April 1935). "Food the City Likes Best". The New York Times Magazine: SM18. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2007. the chef at the Rainbow Room launches into a description of his special steak, its French-fried onion rings, its button mushrooms

cooking.nytimes.com

"Oven Fries Recipe". Cooking. The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.

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ozy.com

Dall, Nick (8 September 2017). "Why South Africans Go Mad for These Soggy Fries". OZY. Archived from the original on 28 August 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2019.

potatogoodness.com

"Okonomiyaki fries". Potatoesgoodness.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.

potatopro.com

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prevention.com

"Eat Fries—Guilt-Free!". Prevention. 3 November 2011. Archived from the original on 3 January 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2016.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Garayo, Jagoba; Moreira, Rosana (1 November 2002). "Vacuum frying of potato chips". Journal of Food Engineering. 55 (2): 181–191. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.459.6522. doi:10.1016/S0260-8774(02)00062-6. ISSN 0260-8774.

reuters.com

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Maria Desiderata Montana (18 September 2012). Food Lovers' Guide to® San Diego: The Best Restaurants, Markets & Local Culinary Offerings. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-7627-8904-7.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Pelucchi C, Bosetti C, Galeone C, La Vecchia C (2015). "Dietary acrylamide and cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis". Int. J. Cancer. 136 (12): 2912–22. doi:10.1002/ijc.29339. PMID 25403648. S2CID 26689375.

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Kaushik, Nitisha (11 July 2019). "Ultimate Guide to Crispy French Fries". The Countertop Cook. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2019.

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thespruce.com

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"Popularization". today.com. 21 April 2011. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2018.

unlikelywords.com

List of accompaniments to french fries – Unlikely Words – A blog of Boston, Providence, and the world Archived 24 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Unlikely Words (7 November 2011). Retrieved 12 September 2012.

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ftw.usatoday.com

The U.S. Open is selling a delicious sandwich with french fries on it | For The Win Archived 23 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Ftw.usatoday.com (17 June 2016). Retrieved on 13 November 2016.

usda.gov

ers.usda.gov

"A third of U.S.-grown potatoes become frozen french fries used mostly by food service". Ers.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022. Typically, about one-tenth of frozen french fries are sold in supermarkets and other retail outlets.

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"Chunky oven chips". BBC Good Food. BBC. Archived from the original on 21 August 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
Amber, Fariha (17 August 2021). "Top tips for making the perfect fries". The Daily Star. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
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"Russet Burbank". idahopotato.com. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
"The Making of French Fries". thespruce.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
"A third of U.S.-grown potatoes become frozen french fries used mostly by food service". Ers.usda.gov. Archived from the original on 17 June 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022. Typically, about one-tenth of frozen french fries are sold in supermarkets and other retail outlets.
Hesser, Amanda (5 May 1999). "Deep Secrets: Making the Perfect Fry; The potato of the moment is often a soggy disappointment. Time to take things into your own hands". The New York Times. pp. F1. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
Mal, Julie (26 October 2019). "Science of making perfect fries". Food Crumbles. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
Kaushik, Nitisha (11 July 2019). "Ultimate Guide to Crispy French Fries". The Countertop Cook. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
"Chips, fries or crisps? Netizens debate over names given to different types of potato chips". The Indian Express. 5 September 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
Ebeling, Charles (31 October 2005). "French fried: From Monticello to the Moon, A Social, Political and Cultural Appreciation of the French Fry". The Chicago Literary Club. Archived from the original on 3 February 2007. Retrieved 12 January 2007.
Home: Oxford English Dictionary Archived 17 January 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Oed.com. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
Mackenzie, Catherine (7 April 1935). "Food the City Likes Best". The New York Times Magazine: SM18. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2007. the chef at the Rainbow Room launches into a description of his special steak, its French-fried onion rings, its button mushrooms
Rorer, Sarah Tyson (c. 1902). "Page 211". Mrs. Rorer's New Cook Book. Philadelphia: Arnold & Company. p. 211. Archived from the original on 5 May 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2007. French Fried Chicken
(in French) Hugues Henry (16 August 2001) "La Frite est-elle belge?" (in French). Archived from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2012.. Frites.be. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
"Este 20 de agosto se celebra el Día Mundial de las Papas Fritas". Diario Crónica. 20 August 2020. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024. "enviaban las papas fritas y guisadas"
Rupp, Rebecca (8 January 2015). "Are French Fries Truly French?". Culture. Archived from the original on 18 January 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
Swalec, Andrea (28 July 2010). "In Belgium, frites aren't small potatoes". Reuters. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
"Histoire de la pomme de terre frite". Histoiredelafrite.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
"Non, les frites ne sont pas belges". Lefigaro.fr. 1 August 2018. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
"Les frites sont-elles belges ou françaises ? Voici enfin la réponse !". Ladepeche.fr. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
Leclercq, Pierre (2 February 2010). La véritable histoire de la pomme de terre frite Archived 9 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Musee-gourmandise.be, mentioning the work of Fernand Pirotte on the history of the potato
"La frite est-elle Belge ou Française ?". Le Monde (in French). 2 January 2013. Archived from the original on 15 February 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
Mcalpine, Fraser. "Fries or chips? What is the Difference Between French Fries and British Chips?". BBC America. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
"Dundee Fact File". Dundee City Council. Archived from the original on 8 April 2007. Retrieved 20 March 2007.
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"Popularization". today.com. 21 April 2011. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
"Frozen Potato Fries Situation and Outlook". Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
"China's US importation". Forbes. Archived from the original on 8 June 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
"Potato Imports to China Report". Potatoepro.com. 5 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
"Pre-Made Fries". historyoffastfood.com. Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
"The Trouble with Fries". The New Yorker. 25 February 2001. Archived from the original on 29 July 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Amount of French Fries". Fox News. 22 November 2016. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 4 January 2018.
N.B. museum celebrates the humble spud | The Chronicle Herald. Thechronicleherald.ca (19 September 2014). Retrieved on 13 November 2016.
Stephenson, Amanda (14 June 2021). "French fry giant McCain Foods' environmental promises could change potato farming in Alberta". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
Semenak, Susan (6 February 2015). "Backstage at La Banquise – because it's always poutine week there". Montreal Gazette. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 27 January 2019.
Sekules, Kate (23 May 2007). "A Staple From Quebec, Embarrassing but Adored". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2008. Article on Poutine coming to New York City
Kane, Marion (8 November 2008). "The war of the curds". The Star. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2001.
"Canada's Imports". frozenfoodsbiz.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
"Patatas Bravas". spanish-food.org. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
Gregory, Vanessa (5 November 2009). "Tastes of Newly Fashionable Valparaíso, Chile". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
"Slap Chips - a Cape Town favourite". Capetownetc.com. 19 February 2018. Archived from the original on 6 November 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
"Top tips for making the perfect fries". Food24. 1 March 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
Dall, Nick (8 September 2017). "Why South Africans Go Mad for These Soggy Fries". OZY. Archived from the original on 28 August 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
"The best-tasting French fries in Japan are…". Japan Today. 2 September 2012. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
"Okonomiyaki fries". Potatoesgoodness.com. Archived from the original on 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
Allen Borgen (25 December 2008). "Stop at Picante and say, 'Fill 'er up!'". San Bernardino Sun. Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
Maria Desiderata Montana (18 September 2012). Food Lovers' Guide to® San Diego: The Best Restaurants, Markets & Local Culinary Offerings. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-7627-8904-7.
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worldcat.org

Beaufils, Thomas (2004). Les Belges (in French). Paris: le Cavalier bleu. p. 86. ISBN 2-84670-072-9. OCLC 491677873.