Gallium (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Gallium" in English language version.

Last modified: 11:38:26, 20 August 2026 (UTC)

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Tsai, W. L; Hwu, Y.; Chen, C. H.; Chang, L. W.; Je, J. H.; Lin, H. M.; Margaritondo, G. (2003). "Grain boundary imaging, gallium diffusion and the fracture behavior of Al–Zn Alloy – An in situ study". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. 199: 457–463. Bibcode:2003NIMPB.199..457T. doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01533-1.
Bernasconi, M.; Chiarotti, Guido L.; Tosatti, E. (October 1995). "Ab initio calculations of structural and electronic properties of gallium solid-state phases". Physical Review B. 52 (14): 9988–9998. Bibcode:1995PhRvB..52.9988B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9988. PMID 9980044.
Preston–Thomas, H. (1990). "The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)" (PDF). Metrologia. 27 (1): 3–10. Bibcode:1990Metro..27....3P. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/27/1/002. S2CID 250785635. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 June 2007.
Drewitt, James W. E.; Turci, Francesco; Heinen, Benedict J.; Macleod, Simon G.; Qin, Fei; Kleppe, Annette K.; Lord, Oliver T. (9 April 2020). "Structural Ordering in Liquid Gallium under Extreme Conditions". Physical Review Letters. 124 (14) 145501. Bibcode:2020PhRvL.124n5501D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.145501. hdl:1983/d385c37f-dc53-4177-985e-38875b57d8d9. PMID 32338984. S2CID 216177238.
Yagafarov, O. F.; Katayama, Y.; Brazhkin, V. V.; Lyapin, A. G.; Saitoh, H. (7 November 2012). "Energy dispersive x-ray diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo structural study of liquid gallium under pressure". Physical Review B. 86 (17) 174103. Bibcode:2012PhRvB..86q4103Y. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.86.174103.
Di Cicco, Andrea (5 October 1998). "Phase Transitions in Confined Gallium Droplets". Physical Review Letters. 81 (14): 2942–2945. Bibcode:1998PhRvL..81.2942D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.2942. ISSN 0031-9007.
Parravicini, G. B.; Stella, A.; Ghigna, P.; Spinolo, G.; Migliori, A.; d'Acapito, F.; Kofman, R. (2006). "Extreme undercooling (down to 90K) of liquid metal nanoparticles". Applied Physics Letters. 89 (3): 033123. Bibcode:2006ApPhL..89c3123P. doi:10.1063/1.2221395.
Voloshina, Elena; Rosciszewski, Krzysztof; Paulus, Beate (20 January 2009). "First-principles study of the connection between structure and electronic properties of gallium". Physical Review B. 79 (4) 045113. Bibcode:2009PhRvB..79d5113V. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.045113 – via CrossRef.
Bosio, Louis (1 February 1978). "Crystal structures of Ga(II) and Ga(III)". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 68 (3): 1221–1223. Bibcode:1978JChPh..68.1221B. doi:10.1063/1.435841 – via CrossRef.
Degtyareva, O.; McMahon, M. I.; Allan, D. R.; Nelmes, R. J. (11 November 2004). "Structural Complexity in Gallium under High Pressure: Relation to Alkali Elements". Physical Review Letters. 93 (20) 205502. Bibcode:2004PhRvL..93t5502D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.205502. PMID 15600936 – via CrossRef.
Kenichi, Takemura; Kazuaki, Kobayashi; Masao, Arai (1 August 1998). "High-pressure bct-fcc phase transition in Ga". Physical Review B. 58 (5): 2482–2486. Bibcode:1998PhRvB..58.2482K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.58.2482 – via CrossRef.
Drewitt, James W E (11 October 2021). "Liquid structure under extreme conditions: high-pressure x-ray diffraction studies". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 33 (50): 503004. Bibcode:2021JPCM...33X3004D. doi:10.1088/1361-648X/ac2865. PMID 34544063.
Krausbauer, L.; Nitsche, R.; Wild, P. (1965). "Mercury gallium sulfide, HgGa
₂S
₄, a new phosphor". Physica. 31 (1): 113–121. Bibcode:1965Phy....31..113K. doi:10.1016/0031-8914(65)90110-2.
Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements. XIII. Some elements predicted by Mendeleeff". Journal of Chemical Education. 9 (9): 1605–1619. Bibcode:1932JChEd...9.1605W. doi:10.1021/ed009p1605.
Nakamura, Shuji (2015). "Background story of the invention of efficient blue InGaN light emitting diodes (Nobel Lecture)". Annalen der Physik. 527 (5–6): 335–349. Bibcode:2015AnP...527..335N. doi:10.1002/andp.201500801. ISSN 1521-3889.
Grandell, Leena; Höök, Mikael (1 September 2015). "Assessing Rare Metal Availability Challenges for Solar Energy Technologies". Sustainability. 7 (9): 11818–11837. Bibcode:2015Sust....711818G. doi:10.3390/su70911818. ISSN 2071-1050.
Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik; Haraldsson, Hördur Valdimar (2025). "Gallium: Assessing the Long-Term Future Extraction, Supply, Recycling, and Price of Using WORLD7, in Relation to Future Technology Visions in the European Union". Biophysical Economics and Sustainability. 10 (2) 4. Bibcode:2025BpES...10....4S. doi:10.1007/s41247-025-00125-7. PMC 12238077. PMID 40641833. Preprint.
Burton, J. D.; Culkin, F.; Riley, J. P. (2007). "The abundances of gallium and germanium in terrestrial materials". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 16 (1): 151–180. Bibcode:1959GeCoA..16..151B. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(59)90052-3.
Frenzel, Max; Hirsch, Tamino; Gutzmer, Jens (July 2016). "Gallium, germanium, indium, and other trace and minor elements in sphalerite as a function of deposit type — A meta-analysis". Ore Geology Reviews. 76: 52–78. Bibcode:2016OGRv...76...52F. doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.12.017.
Font, O; Querol, Xavier; Juan, Roberto; Casado, Raquel; Ruiz, Carmen R.; López-Soler, Ángel; Coca, Pilar; Peña, Francisco García (2007). "Recovery of gallium and vanadium from gasification fly ash". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 139 (3): 413–23. Bibcode:2007JHzM..139..413F. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.02.041. PMID 16600480.
Frenzel, Max; Ketris, Marina P.; Seifert, Thomas; Gutzmer, Jens (March 2016). "On the current and future availability of gallium". Resources Policy. 47: 38–50. Bibcode:2016RePol..47...38F. doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2015.11.005.
Moskalyk, R. R. (2003). "Gallium: the backbone of the electronics industry". Minerals Engineering. 16 (10): 921–929. Bibcode:2003MiEng..16..921M. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2003.08.003.
Frenzel, M; Tolosana-Delgado, R; Gutzmer, J (2015). "Assessing the supply potential of high-tech metals – A general method". Resources Policy. 46: 45–58. Bibcode:2015RePol..46...45F. doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2015.08.002.
Frenzel, Max; Mikolajczak, Claire; Reuter, Markus A.; Gutzmer, Jens (June 2017). "Quantifying the relative availability of high-tech by-product metals – The cases of gallium, germanium and indium". Resources Policy. 52: 327–335. Bibcode:2017RePol..52..327F. doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2017.04.008.
Crisp, D.; Pathare, A.; Ewell, R. C. (2004). "The performance of gallium arsenide/germanium solar cells at the Martian surface". Acta Astronautica. 54 (2): 83–101. Bibcode:2004AcAau..54...83C. doi:10.1016/S0094-5765(02)00287-4.
Alberts, V.; Titus J.; Birkmire R. W. (2003). "Material and device properties of single-phase Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)₂ alloys prepared by selenization/sulfurization of metallic alloys". Thin Solid Films. 451–452: 207–211. Bibcode:2004TSF...451..207A. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2003.10.092.
Khan, Mohammad Rashed; Eaker, Collin B.; Bowden, Edmond F.; Dickey, Michael D. (30 September 2014). "Giant and switchable surface activity of liquid metal via surface oxidation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (39): 14047–14051. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11114047K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1412227111. PMC 4191764. PMID 25228767.
Russell, Loren; Wissman, James; Majidi, Carmel (18 December 2017). "Liquid metal actuator driven by electrochemical manipulation of surface tension". Applied Physics Letters. 111 (25) 254101. Bibcode:2017ApPhL.111y4101R. doi:10.1063/1.4999113.
Liao, Jiahe; Majidi, Carmel (2021). "Soft actuators by electrochemical oxidation of liquid metal surfaces". Soft Matter. 17 (7): 1921–1928. Bibcode:2021SMat...17.1921L. doi:10.1039/D0SM01851A. PMID 33427274.
Liao, Jiahe; Majidi, Carmel (September 2022). "Muscle-Inspired Linear Actuators by Electrochemical Oxidation of Liquid Metal Bridges". Advanced Science. 9 (26) e2201963. Bibcode:2022AdvSc...901963L. doi:10.1002/advs.202201963. PMC 9475532. PMID 35863909.
Liao, Jiahe; Majidi, Carmel; Sitti, Metin (January 2024). "Liquid Metal Actuators: A Comparative Analysis of Surface Tension Controlled Actuation". Advanced Materials. 36 (1) e2300560. Bibcode:2024AdM....3600560L. doi:10.1002/adma.202300560. hdl:20.500.11850/641439. PMID 37358049.
Banerjee, Sangeeta Ray; Pomper, Martin G. (June 2013). "Clinical Applications of Gallium-68". Appl. Radiat. Isot. 76: 2–13. Bibcode:2013AppRI..76....2B. doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.01.039. PMC 3664132. PMID 23522791.
Tang, Shi-Yang; Tabor, Christopher; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kourosh; Dickey, Michael D. (26 July 2021). "Gallium Liquid Metal: The Devil's Elixir". Annual Review of Materials Research. 51 (1): 381–408. Bibcode:2021AnRMS..51..381T. doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-080819-125403. ISSN 1531-7331. S2CID 236566966.
Amberchan, Gabriella; Lopez, Isai; Ehlke, Beatriz; Barnett, Jeremy; Bao, Neo Y.; Allen, A'Lester; Singaram, Bakthan; Oliver, Scott R. J. (25 February 2022). "Aluminum Nanoparticles from a Ga–Al Composite for Water Splitting and Hydrogen Generation". ACS Applied Nano Materials. 5 (2): 2636–2643. Bibcode:2022ACSAN...5.2636A. doi:10.1021/acsanm.1c04331.
Orians, K. J.; Bruland, K. W. (April 1988). "Dissolved Gallium in the Open Ocean". Nature. 332 (21): 717–19. Bibcode:1988Natur.332..717O. doi:10.1038/332717a0. S2CID 4323435.
McAlister, Jason A.; Orians, Kristin J. (20 December 2015). "Dissolved Gallium in the Beaufort Sea of the Western Arctic Ocean: A GEOTRACES cruise in the International Polar Year". Marine Chemistry. 177 (Part 1): 101–109. Bibcode:2015MarCh.177..101M. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2015.05.007.
Shiller, A. M. (June 1998). "Dissolved Gallium in the Atlantic Ocean". Marine Chemistry. 61 (1): 87–99. Bibcode:1998MarCh..61...87S. doi:10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00009-7.
Shiller, A. M.; Bairamadgi, G. R. (August 2006). "Dissolved Gallium in the northwest Pacific and the south and central Atlantic Oceans: Implications for aeolian Fe input and reconsideration of Profiles". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 7 (8) 2005GC001118: n/a. Bibcode:2006GGG.....7.8M09S. doi:10.1029/2005GC001118. S2CID 129738391.

aip.org (Global: 2,273^rd place; English: 1,697^th place)

pubs.aip.org

Bosio, Louis (1 February 1978). "Crystal structures of Ga(II) and Ga(III)". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 68 (3): 1221–1223. Bibcode:1978JChPh..68.1221B. doi:10.1063/1.435841 – via CrossRef.

aps.org (Global: 1,264^th place; English: 951^st place)

link.aps.org

Di Cicco, Andrea (5 October 1998). "Phase Transitions in Confined Gallium Droplets". Physical Review Letters. 81 (14): 2942–2945. Bibcode:1998PhRvL..81.2942D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.2942. ISSN 0031-9007.
Voloshina, Elena; Rosciszewski, Krzysztof; Paulus, Beate (20 January 2009). "First-principles study of the connection between structure and electronic properties of gallium". Physical Review B. 79 (4) 045113. Bibcode:2009PhRvB..79d5113V. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.045113 – via CrossRef.
Degtyareva, O.; McMahon, M. I.; Allan, D. R.; Nelmes, R. J. (11 November 2004). "Structural Complexity in Gallium under High Pressure: Relation to Alkali Elements". Physical Review Letters. 93 (20) 205502. Bibcode:2004PhRvL..93t5502D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.205502. PMID 15600936 – via CrossRef.
Kenichi, Takemura; Kazuaki, Kobayashi; Masao, Arai (1 August 1998). "High-pressure bct-fcc phase transition in Ga". Physical Review B. 58 (5): 2482–2486. Bibcode:1998PhRvB..58.2482K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.58.2482 – via CrossRef.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Eagleson, Mary, ed. (1994). Concise encyclopedia chemistry. Walter de Gruyter. p. 438. ISBN 978-3-11-011451-5.
Kean, Sam (2010). The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World from the Periodic Table of the Elements. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-05164-4.

asme.org (Global: 6,567^th place; English: 3,977^th place)

"Technology solidifies carbon dioxide – ASME". www.asme.org. Retrieved 5 September 2022.

azom.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"An Overview of Gallium". AZoNetwork. 18 December 2001.

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

Liang, Annabelle; Marsh, Nick (31 July 2023). "Gallium and germanium: What China's new move in microchip war means for world". BBC News. Retrieved 30 July 2026.

bipm.org (Global: 1,781^st place; English: 2,481^st place)

Preston–Thomas, H. (1990). "The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)" (PDF). Metrologia. 27 (1): 3–10. Bibcode:1990Metro..27....3P. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/27/1/002. S2CID 250785635. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 June 2007.
"ITS-90 documents at Bureau International de Poids et Mesures".

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Rosebury, Fred (1992). Handbook of Electron Tube and Vacuum Techniques. Springer. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-56396-121-2.
Hampson, N. A. (1971). Harold Reginald Thirsk (ed.). Electrochemistry—Volume 3: Specialist periodical report. Great Britain: Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-85186-027-5.
Coleman, James J.; Jagadish, Chennupati; Catrina Bryce, A. (2 May 2012). Advances in Semiconductor Lasers. Academic Press. pp. 150–151. ISBN 978-0-12-391066-0.
United States. Office of Naval Research. Committee on the Basic Properties of Liquid Metals, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (1954). Liquid-metals handbook. U.S. Govt. Print. Off. p. 128.

cancer.org (Global: 4,631^st place; English: 3,828^th place)

"gallium nitrate". Archived from the original on 8 June 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2009.

ciaaw.org (Global: 9,183^rd place; English: low place)

"Standard Atomic Weights: Gallium". CIAAW. 1987.

cmu.edu (Global: 2,125^th place; English: 1,347^th place)

kilthub.cmu.edu

Liao, Jiahe (2022). Liquid metal actuators (Ph.D. thesis). Carnegie Mellon University.

cnbc.com (Global: 303^rd place; English: 191^st place)

Kharpal, Arjun (4 July 2023). "What are Gallium and Germanium? China curbs exports of metals critical to chips and other tech". CNBC. Retrieved 4 July 2023.

csis.org (Global: 2,377^th place; English: 1,686^th place)

csis.org: Beyond Rare Earths: China’s Growing Threat to Gallium Supply Chains

degruyter.com (Global: 927^th place; English: 757^th place)

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (4 May 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (4 May 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Zhang Y; Evans JRG; Zhang S (2011). "Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks". J. Chem. Eng. Data. 56 (2): 328–337. doi:10.1021/je1011086.
Hofmann, Patrick (1997). Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden (PDF) (Thesis) (in German). PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich. p. 72. doi:10.3929/ethz-a-001859893. hdl:20.500.11850/143357. ISBN 978-3-7281-2597-2.
Ga(0) is known in gallium monoiodide; see Widdifield, Cory M.; Jurca, Titel; Richeson, Darrin S.; Bryce, David L. (16 March 2012). "Using 69/71Ga solid-state NMR and 127I NQR as probes to elucidate the composition of "GaI"". Polyhedron. 35 (1): 96–100. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2012.01.003. ISSN 0277-5387.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 28. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Tsai, W. L; Hwu, Y.; Chen, C. H.; Chang, L. W.; Je, J. H.; Lin, H. M.; Margaritondo, G. (2003). "Grain boundary imaging, gallium diffusion and the fracture behavior of Al–Zn Alloy – An in situ study". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. 199: 457–463. Bibcode:2003NIMPB.199..457T. doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01533-1.
Bernasconi, M.; Chiarotti, Guido L.; Tosatti, E. (October 1995). "Ab initio calculations of structural and electronic properties of gallium solid-state phases". Physical Review B. 52 (14): 9988–9998. Bibcode:1995PhRvB..52.9988B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9988. PMID 9980044.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
Preston–Thomas, H. (1990). "The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)" (PDF). Metrologia. 27 (1): 3–10. Bibcode:1990Metro..27....3P. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/27/1/002. S2CID 250785635. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 June 2007.
Chen, Ziyu; Lee, Jeong-Bong (2019). "Gallium Oxide Coated Flat Surface as Non-Wetting Surface for Actuation of Liquid Metal Droplets". 2019 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). pp. 1–4. doi:10.1109/memsys.2019.8870886. ISBN 978-1-7281-1610-5.
Drewitt, James W. E.; Turci, Francesco; Heinen, Benedict J.; Macleod, Simon G.; Qin, Fei; Kleppe, Annette K.; Lord, Oliver T. (9 April 2020). "Structural Ordering in Liquid Gallium under Extreme Conditions". Physical Review Letters. 124 (14) 145501. Bibcode:2020PhRvL.124n5501D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.145501. hdl:1983/d385c37f-dc53-4177-985e-38875b57d8d9. PMID 32338984. S2CID 216177238.
Yagafarov, O. F.; Katayama, Y.; Brazhkin, V. V.; Lyapin, A. G.; Saitoh, H. (7 November 2012). "Energy dispersive x-ray diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo structural study of liquid gallium under pressure". Physical Review B. 86 (17) 174103. Bibcode:2012PhRvB..86q4103Y. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.86.174103.
Di Cicco, Andrea (5 October 1998). "Phase Transitions in Confined Gallium Droplets". Physical Review Letters. 81 (14): 2942–2945. Bibcode:1998PhRvL..81.2942D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.2942. ISSN 0031-9007.
Parravicini, G. B.; Stella, A.; Ghigna, P.; Spinolo, G.; Migliori, A.; d'Acapito, F.; Kofman, R. (2006). "Extreme undercooling (down to 90K) of liquid metal nanoparticles". Applied Physics Letters. 89 (3): 033123. Bibcode:2006ApPhL..89c3123P. doi:10.1063/1.2221395.
Young, David A. (11 September 1975). Phase diagrams of the elements (Report). doi:10.2172/4010212. OSTI 4010212.
Voloshina, Elena; Rosciszewski, Krzysztof; Paulus, Beate (20 January 2009). "First-principles study of the connection between structure and electronic properties of gallium". Physical Review B. 79 (4) 045113. Bibcode:2009PhRvB..79d5113V. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.045113 – via CrossRef.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik; Haraldsson, Hördur Valdimar (2025). "Gallium: Assessing the Long-Term Future Extraction, Supply, Recycling, and Price of Using WORLD7, in Relation to Future Technology Visions in the European Union". Biophysical Economics and Sustainability. 10 (2) 4. Bibcode:2025BpES...10....4S. doi:10.1007/s41247-025-00125-7. PMC 12238077. PMID 40641833. Preprint.
Khan, Mohammad Rashed; Eaker, Collin B.; Bowden, Edmond F.; Dickey, Michael D. (30 September 2014). "Giant and switchable surface activity of liquid metal via surface oxidation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (39): 14047–14051. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11114047K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1412227111. PMC 4191764. PMID 25228767.
Liao, Jiahe; Majidi, Carmel (September 2022). "Muscle-Inspired Linear Actuators by Electrochemical Oxidation of Liquid Metal Bridges". Advanced Science. 9 (26) e2201963. Bibcode:2022AdvSc...901963L. doi:10.1002/advs.202201963. PMC 9475532. PMID 35863909.
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doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

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