Gravity (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Gravity" in English language version.

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25web.archive.org

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aps.org

"This Month in Physics History". www.aps.org. Retrieved 6 May 2022.

physics.aps.org

Lindley, David (12 July 2005). "The Weight of Light". Physics. 16.

archive.org

Krebs, Robert E. (1999). Scientific Development and Misconceptions Through the Ages: A Reference Guide (illustrated ed.). Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-313-30226-8.
Gillispie, Charles Coulston (1960). The Edge of Objectivity: An Essay in the History of Scientific Ideas. Princeton University Press. pp. 3–6. ISBN 0-691-02350-6.
Stewart, Dugald (1816). Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind. Vol. 2. Edinburgh; London: Constable & Co; Cadell & Davies. p. 434.
Hooke (1679), An Attempt to prove the Annual Motion of the Earth, page 2, 3. Hooke, Robert (1679). Lectiones Cutlerianae, or A collection of lectures, physical, mechanical, geographical & astronomical : made before the Royal Society on several occasions at Gresham Colledge [i.e. College] : to which are added divers miscellaneous discourses.
Feynman, R.P.; Morinigo, F.B.; Wagner, W.G.; Hatfield, B. (1995). Feynman lectures on gravitation. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-62734-3.
Randall, Lisa (2005). Warped Passages: Unraveling the Universe's Hidden Dimensions. Ecco. ISBN 978-0-06-053108-9.
Weinberg, Steven (1972). Gravitation and cosmology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780471925675.. Quote, p. 192: "About a dozen stars in all were studied, and yielded values 1.98 ± 0.11" and 1.61 ± 0.31", in substantial agreement with Einstein's prediction θ_☉ = 1.75"."

archive.today

Lea, Robert (23 February 2024). "'Quantum gravity' could help unite quantum mechanics with general relativity at last - "By understanding quantum gravity, we could solve some of the mysteries of our universe — like how it began, what happens inside black holes, or uniting all forces into one big theory."". Space.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2024. Retrieved 23 February 2024.

arxiv.org

Teukolsky, Saul (1 June 2015). "The Kerr metric" (PDF). Classical and Quantum Gravity. 32 (12): 124006. arXiv:1410.2130. Bibcode:2015CQGra..32l4006T. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/12/124006. S2CID 119219499. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
O’Raifeartaigh, Cormac; O’Keeffe, Michael (2017). "Einstein's 1917 Static Model of the Universe: A Centennial Review". The European Physical Journal H. 42 (3): 41. arXiv:1701.07261. Bibcode:2017EPJH...42..431O. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5. S2CID 119461771.
Gilmore, Gerard; Tausch-Pebody, Gudrun (20 March 2022). "The 1919 eclipse results that verified general relativity and their later detractors: a story re-told". Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science. 76 (1): 155–180. arXiv:2010.13744. doi:10.1098/rsnr.2020.0040. S2CID 225075861.
Asada, Hideki (20 March 2008). "Gravitational time delay of light for various models of modified gravity". Physics Letters B. 661 (2–3): 78–81. arXiv:0710.0477. Bibcode:2008PhLB..661...78A. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2008.02.006. S2CID 118365884.
Abbott, B. P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration) (October 2017). "GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 119 (16): 161101. arXiv:1710.05832. Bibcode:2017PhRvL.119p1101A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101. PMID 29099225. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
Brans, C.H. (March 2014). "Jordan–Brans–Dicke Theory". Scholarpedia. 9 (4): 31358. arXiv:gr-qc/0207039. Bibcode:2014Schpj...931358B. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.31358.
Haugan, Mark P; Lämmerzahl, C (2011). "Einstein gravity from conformal gravity". arXiv:1105.5632 [hep-th].

astrowatch.net

Chinese scientists find evidence for speed of gravity Archived 8 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine, astrowatch.com, 12/28/12.

bigthink.com

"How to understand Einstein's equation for general relativity". Big Think. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2022.
"Surprise: the Big Bang isn't the beginning of the universe anymore". Big Think. 13 October 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2022.

black-holes.org

"Gravity and Warped Spacetime". black-holes.org. Archived from the original on 21 June 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2010.

books.google.com

Reviel Neitz; William Noel (13 October 2011). The Archimedes Codex: Revealing The Secrets of the World's Greatest Palimpsest. Hachette UK. p. 125. ISBN 978-1-78022-198-4. Archived from the original on 7 January 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
CJ Tuplin, Lewis Wolpert (2002). Science and Mathematics in Ancient Greek Culture. Hachette UK. p. xi. ISBN 978-0-19-815248-4. Archived from the original on 17 January 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
Philoponus' term for impetus is "ἑνέργεια ἀσώματος κινητική" ("incorporeal motive enérgeia"); see CAG XVII, Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis Physicorum Libros Quinque Posteriores Commentaria, Walter de Gruyter, 1888, p. 642: "λέγω δὴ ὅτι ἑνέργειά τις ἀσώματος κινητικὴ ἑνδίδοται ὑπὸ τοῦ ῥιπτοῦντος τῷ ῥιπτουμένῳ [I say that impetus (incorporeal motive energy) is transferred from the thrower to the thrown]."
Pickover, Clifford (16 April 2008). Archimedes to Hawking: Laws of Science and the Great Minds Behind Them. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199792689. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
Bose, Mainak Kumar (1988). Late classical India. A. Mukherjee & Co. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
Starr, S. Frederick (2015). Lost Enlightenment: Central Asia's Golden Age from the Arab Conquest to Tamerlane. Princeton University Press. p. 260. ISBN 9780691165851.
Wallace, William A. (2018) [2004]. Domingo de Soto and the Early Galileo: Essays on Intellectual History. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. pp. 119, 121–22. ISBN 978-1-351-15959-3. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
Schilling, Govert (31 July 2017). Ripples in Spacetime: Einstein, Gravitational Waves, and the Future of Astronomy. Harvard University Press. p. 26. ISBN 9780674971660. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
Sagan, Carl & Druyan, Ann (1997). Comet. New York: Random House. pp. 52–58. ISBN 978-0-3078-0105-0. Archived from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
Subal Kar (2022). Physics and Astrophysics: Glimpses of the Progress (illustrated ed.). CRC Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-000-55926-2. Extract of page 106
Cantor, G.N.; Christie, J.R.R.; Hodge, M.J.S.; Olby, R.C. (2006). Companion to the History of Modern Science. Routledge. p. 448. ISBN 978-1-134-97751-2. Archived from the original on 17 January 2020. Retrieved 22 October 2017.

caltech.edu

ligo.caltech.edu

"Gravitational Waves Detected 100 Years After Einstein's Prediction". LIGO Lab Caltech. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
"GW170817 Press Release". LIGO Lab – Caltech. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.

cam.ac.uk

people.ast.cam.ac.uk

Pettini, M. "RELATIVISTIC COSMOLOGY" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 27 May 2022.

cornell.edu

curious.astro.cornell.edu

"Curious About Astronomy?". Cornell University. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 22 December 2023.

cultureandcosmos.org

Cappi, Alberto. "The concept of gravity before Newton" (PDF). Culture and Cosmos. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

dict.cc

browse.dict.cc

"dict.cc dictionary :: gravitas :: English-Latin translation". Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2018.

discovermagazine.com

"How the 1919 Solar Eclipse Made Einstein the World's Most Famous Scientist". Discover Magazine. Retrieved 22 May 2022.

diva-portal.org

Norebo, Jonatan (16 March 2016). "The Reissner-Nordström metric" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

doi.org

Bakker, Frederik; Palmerino, Carla Rita (1 June 2020). "Motion to the Center or Motion to the Whole? Plutarch's Views on Gravity and Their Influence on Galileo". Isis. 111 (2): 217–238. doi:10.1086/709138. hdl:2066/219256. ISSN 0021-1753. S2CID 219925047.
Drabkin, I. E. (1963). "Two Versions of G. B. Benedetti's Demonstratio Proportionum Motuum Localium". Isis. 54 (2): 259–262. doi:10.1086/349706. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 228543. S2CID 144883728.
Nobil, Anna M. (March 1986). "The real value of Mercury's perihelion advance". Nature. 320 (6057): 39–41. Bibcode:1986Natur.320...39N. doi:10.1038/320039a0. S2CID 4325839.
Brush, S. G. (1 January 1999). "Why was Relativity Accepted?". Physics in Perspective. 1 (2): 184–214. Bibcode:1999PhP.....1..184B. doi:10.1007/s000160050015. ISSN 1422-6944. S2CID 51825180.
Ehlers, Jurgen (1997). "Examples of Newtonian limits of relativistic spacetimes". Classical Quantum Gravity. 14 (1A): 122–123. Bibcode:1997CQGra..14A.119E. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/14/1A/010. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-5AC5-F. S2CID 250804865.
Teukolsky, Saul (1 June 2015). "The Kerr metric" (PDF). Classical and Quantum Gravity. 32 (12): 124006. arXiv:1410.2130. Bibcode:2015CQGra..32l4006T. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/12/124006. S2CID 119219499. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Newman, E. T.; Couch, E.; Chinnapared, K.; Exton, A.; Prakash, A.; Torrence, R. (June 1965). "Metric of a Rotating, Charged Mass". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 6 (6): 918–919. Bibcode:1965JMP.....6..918N. doi:10.1063/1.1704351. ISSN 0022-2488. S2CID 122962090.
O’Raifeartaigh, Cormac; O’Keeffe, Michael (2017). "Einstein's 1917 Static Model of the Universe: A Centennial Review". The European Physical Journal H. 42 (3): 41. arXiv:1701.07261. Bibcode:2017EPJH...42..431O. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5. S2CID 119461771.
Spyrou, N. (1 May 1975). "The N-body problem in general relativity". The Astrophysical Journal. 197: 725–743. Bibcode:1975ApJ...197..725S. doi:10.1086/153562. ISSN 0004-637X.
Fuchs, Tim M.; et al. (23 February 2024). "Measuring gravity with milligram levitated masses". Science Advances. 10 (8): eadk2949. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adk2949. PMC 10889343. PMID 38394194.
Dyson, F.W.; Eddington, A.S.; Davidson, C.R. (1920). "A Determination of the Deflection of Light by the Sun's Gravitational Field, from Observations Made at the Total Eclipse of May 29, 1919". Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 220 (571–581): 291–333. Bibcode:1920RSPTA.220..291D. doi:10.1098/rsta.1920.0009. Archived from the original on 15 May 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2019.. Quote, p. 332: "Thus the results of the expeditions to Sobral and Principe can leave little doubt that a deflection of light takes place in the neighbourhood of the sun and that it is of the amount demanded by Einstein's generalised theory of relativity, as attributable to the sun's gravitational field."
Gilmore, Gerard; Tausch-Pebody, Gudrun (20 March 2022). "The 1919 eclipse results that verified general relativity and their later detractors: a story re-told". Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science. 76 (1): 155–180. arXiv:2010.13744. doi:10.1098/rsnr.2020.0040. S2CID 225075861.
Asada, Hideki (20 March 2008). "Gravitational time delay of light for various models of modified gravity". Physics Letters B. 661 (2–3): 78–81. arXiv:0710.0477. Bibcode:2008PhLB..661...78A. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2008.02.006. S2CID 118365884.
Castelvecchi, Davide; Witze, Witze (11 February 2016). "Einstein's gravitational waves found at last". Nature News. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19361. S2CID 182916902. Archived from the original on 12 February 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
Abbott, B. P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration) (October 2017). "GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 119 (16): 161101. arXiv:1710.05832. Bibcode:2017PhRvL.119p1101A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101. PMID 29099225. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
TANG, Ke Yun; HUA ChangCai; WEN Wu; CHI ShunLiang; YOU QingYu; YU Dan (February 2013). "Observational evidences for the speed of the gravity based on the Earth tide". Chinese Science Bulletin. 58 (4–5): 474–477. Bibcode:2013ChSBu..58..474T. doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5603-3.
Brans, C.H. (March 2014). "Jordan–Brans–Dicke Theory". Scholarpedia. 9 (4): 31358. arXiv:gr-qc/0207039. Bibcode:2014Schpj...931358B. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.31358.
Horndeski, G.W. (September 1974). "Second-Order Scalar–Tensor Field Equations in a Four-Dimensional Space". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 88 (10): 363–384. Bibcode:1974IJTP...10..363H. doi:10.1007/BF01807638. S2CID 122346086.
Milgrom, M. (June 2014). "The MOND paradigm of modified dynamics". Scholarpedia. 9 (6): 31410. Bibcode:2014SchpJ...931410M. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.31410.

forbes.com

Siegel, Ethan. "This Is Why Scientists Will Never Exactly Solve General Relativity". Forbes. Retrieved 27 May 2022.

ghostarchive.org

Cappi, Alberto. "The concept of gravity before Newton" (PDF). Culture and Cosmos. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
"The Reception of Newton's Principia" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
Ishak, Mustafa. "Exact Solutions to Einstein's Equations in Astrophysics" (PDF). University of Texas at Dallas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
"The Schwarzchild Metric and Applications" (PDF). p. 36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
Norebo, Jonatan (16 March 2016). "The Reissner-Nordström metric" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Teukolsky, Saul (1 June 2015). "The Kerr metric" (PDF). Classical and Quantum Gravity. 32 (12): 124006. arXiv:1410.2130. Bibcode:2015CQGra..32l4006T. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/12/124006. S2CID 119219499. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Pettini, M. "RELATIVISTIC COSMOLOGY" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 27 May 2022.
""Frame-Dragging" in Local Spacetime" (PDF). Stanford University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

gmu.edu

physics.gmu.edu

"The Schwarzchild Metric and Applications" (PDF). p. 36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 26 May 2022.

gsu.edu

hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

"Hafele-Keating Experiment". hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu. Retrieved 22 May 2022.

gutenberg.org

Vitruvius, Marcus Pollio (1914). "7". In Alfred A. Howard (ed.). De Architectura libri decem [Ten Books on Architecture]. Herbert Langford Warren, Nelson Robinson (illus), Morris Hicky Morgan. Harvard University, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. 215.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Bakker, Frederik; Palmerino, Carla Rita (1 June 2020). "Motion to the Center or Motion to the Whole? Plutarch's Views on Gravity and Their Influence on Galileo". Isis. 111 (2): 217–238. doi:10.1086/709138. hdl:2066/219256. ISSN 0021-1753. S2CID 219925047.
Ehlers, Jurgen (1997). "Examples of Newtonian limits of relativistic spacetimes". Classical Quantum Gravity. 14 (1A): 122–123. Bibcode:1997CQGra..14A.119E. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/14/1A/010. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-5AC5-F. S2CID 250804865.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Nobil, Anna M. (March 1986). "The real value of Mercury's perihelion advance". Nature. 320 (6057): 39–41. Bibcode:1986Natur.320...39N. doi:10.1038/320039a0. S2CID 4325839.
Brush, S. G. (1 January 1999). "Why was Relativity Accepted?". Physics in Perspective. 1 (2): 184–214. Bibcode:1999PhP.....1..184B. doi:10.1007/s000160050015. ISSN 1422-6944. S2CID 51825180.
Ehlers, Jurgen (1997). "Examples of Newtonian limits of relativistic spacetimes". Classical Quantum Gravity. 14 (1A): 122–123. Bibcode:1997CQGra..14A.119E. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/14/1A/010. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-5AC5-F. S2CID 250804865.
Teukolsky, Saul (1 June 2015). "The Kerr metric" (PDF). Classical and Quantum Gravity. 32 (12): 124006. arXiv:1410.2130. Bibcode:2015CQGra..32l4006T. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/12/124006. S2CID 119219499. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
Newman, E. T.; Couch, E.; Chinnapared, K.; Exton, A.; Prakash, A.; Torrence, R. (June 1965). "Metric of a Rotating, Charged Mass". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 6 (6): 918–919. Bibcode:1965JMP.....6..918N. doi:10.1063/1.1704351. ISSN 0022-2488. S2CID 122962090.
O’Raifeartaigh, Cormac; O’Keeffe, Michael (2017). "Einstein's 1917 Static Model of the Universe: A Centennial Review". The European Physical Journal H. 42 (3): 41. arXiv:1701.07261. Bibcode:2017EPJH...42..431O. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2017-80002-5. S2CID 119461771.
Spyrou, N. (1 May 1975). "The N-body problem in general relativity". The Astrophysical Journal. 197: 725–743. Bibcode:1975ApJ...197..725S. doi:10.1086/153562. ISSN 0004-637X.
Dyson, F.W.; Eddington, A.S.; Davidson, C.R. (1920). "A Determination of the Deflection of Light by the Sun's Gravitational Field, from Observations Made at the Total Eclipse of May 29, 1919". Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 220 (571–581): 291–333. Bibcode:1920RSPTA.220..291D. doi:10.1098/rsta.1920.0009. Archived from the original on 15 May 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2019.. Quote, p. 332: "Thus the results of the expeditions to Sobral and Principe can leave little doubt that a deflection of light takes place in the neighbourhood of the sun and that it is of the amount demanded by Einstein's generalised theory of relativity, as attributable to the sun's gravitational field."
Asada, Hideki (20 March 2008). "Gravitational time delay of light for various models of modified gravity". Physics Letters B. 661 (2–3): 78–81. arXiv:0710.0477. Bibcode:2008PhLB..661...78A. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2008.02.006. S2CID 118365884.
Abbott, B. P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration) (October 2017). "GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 119 (16): 161101. arXiv:1710.05832. Bibcode:2017PhRvL.119p1101A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101. PMID 29099225. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
TANG, Ke Yun; HUA ChangCai; WEN Wu; CHI ShunLiang; YOU QingYu; YU Dan (February 2013). "Observational evidences for the speed of the gravity based on the Earth tide". Chinese Science Bulletin. 58 (4–5): 474–477. Bibcode:2013ChSBu..58..474T. doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5603-3.
Brans, C.H. (March 2014). "Jordan–Brans–Dicke Theory". Scholarpedia. 9 (4): 31358. arXiv:gr-qc/0207039. Bibcode:2014Schpj...931358B. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.31358.
Horndeski, G.W. (September 1974). "Second-Order Scalar–Tensor Field Equations in a Four-Dimensional Space". International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 88 (10): 363–384. Bibcode:1974IJTP...10..363H. doi:10.1007/BF01807638. S2CID 122346086.
Milgrom, M. (June 2014). "The MOND paradigm of modified dynamics". Scholarpedia. 9 (6): 31410. Bibcode:2014SchpJ...931410M. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.31410.

hubblesite.org

"HubbleSite: Black Holes: Gravity's Relentless Pull". hubblesite.org. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2016.

jstor.org

Drabkin, I. E. (1963). "Two Versions of G. B. Benedetti's Demonstratio Proportionum Motuum Localium". Isis. 54 (2): 259–262. doi:10.1086/349706. ISSN 0021-1753. JSTOR 228543. S2CID 144883728.

ligo.org

Abbott, B. P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration) (October 2017). "GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 119 (16): 161101. arXiv:1710.05832. Bibcode:2017PhRvL.119p1101A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101. PMID 29099225. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2019.

mpg.de

pure.mpg.de

Ehlers, Jurgen (1997). "Examples of Newtonian limits of relativistic spacetimes". Classical Quantum Gravity. 14 (1A): 122–123. Bibcode:1997CQGra..14A.119E. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/14/1A/010. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-5AC5-F. S2CID 250804865.

nasa.gov

"Hubble, Hubble, Seeing Double!". NASA. 24 January 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
"NASA's Gravity Probe B Confirms Two Einstein Space-Time Theories". Nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2013.

asd.gsfc.nasa.gov

"Testing General Relativity". NASA Blueshift. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

apod.nasa.gov

Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (15 December 2014). "The Potsdam Gravity Potato". Astronomy Picture of the Day. NASA.

science.nasa.gov

"What is Dark Energy? Inside our accelerating, expanding Universe". science.nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 March 2024.

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