Hafnium (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Hafnium" in English language version.

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alkane.com.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chalmers, Ian (June 2007). "The Dubbo Zirconia Project" (PDF). Alkane Resources Limited. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-28. Retrieved 2008-09-10.

aps.org (Global: 1,503^rd place; English: 1,378^th place)

Peter Zimmerman (June 2007). "The Strange Tale of the Hafnium Bomb: A Personal Narrative". American Physical Society. Retrieved 5 March 2016.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Lee, O. Ivan (1928). "The Mineralogy of Hafnium". Chemical Reviews. 5 (1): 17–37. doi:10.1021/cr60017a002.
Bohr, Niels (June 2008). The Theory of Spectra and Atomic Constitution: Three Essays. Kessinger. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-4365-0368-6.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (September 7, 2022). "A new road towards spin-polarized currents". Nature Communications. 13 (1). Phys.org: 4147. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31539-2. PMC 9288546. PMID 35842436. Archived from the original on September 9, 2022. Retrieved September 8, 2023.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

asminternational.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

dl.asminternational.org

Holmes, D.R. (2005-01-01), Cramer, Stephen D.; Covino, Bernard S. (eds.), "Corrosion of Hafnium and Hafnium Alloys", Corrosion: Materials, ASM International, pp. 354–359, doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003826, ISBN 978-1-62708-183-2, retrieved 2025-10-07{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)

betanews.com (Global: low place; English: 7,673^rd place)

Fulton III, Scott M. (January 27, 2007). "Intel Reinvents the Transistor". BetaNews. Retrieved 2007-01-27.

bnf.fr (Global: 124^th place; English: 544^th place)

gallica.bnf.fr

Urbain, M. G. (1911). "Sur un nouvel élément qui accompagne le lutécium et le scandium dans les terres de la gadolinite: le celtium (On a new element that accompanies lutetium and scandium in gadolinite: celtium)". Comptes Rendus (in French): 141. Retrieved 2008-09-10.
Urbain, M. G. (1922). "Sur les séries L du lutécium et de l'ytterbium et sur l'identification d'un celtium avec l'élément de nombre atomique 72" [The L series from lutetium to ytterbium and the identification of element 72 celtium]. Comptes Rendus (in French). 174: 1347. Retrieved 2008-10-30.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Schemel, J. H. (1977). ASTM Manual on Zirconium and Hafnium. Vol. STP 639. Philadelphia: ASTM. pp. 1–5. ISBN 978-0-8031-0505-8.
Deer, William Alexander; Howie, Robert Andrew; Zussmann, Jack (1982). The Rock-Forming Minerals: Orthosilicates. Vol. 1A. Longman Group Limited. pp. 418–442. ISBN 978-0-582-46526-8.
Bingham, Eula; Cohrssen, Barbara (2012-07-31). Patty's Toxicology. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 456–467. ISBN 978-0-470-41081-3.
Tiec, Yannick Le (2013-02-28). Chemistry in Microelectronics. John Wiley & Sons. 1.2.3.3.2. ISBN 978-1-118-57812-4.
Authier, André (2013). Early Days of X-ray Crystallography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-19-163501-4.
Knapp, Brian J. (2002). Francium to Polonium. Oxford: Atlantic Europe Publishing Company. p. 10. ISBN 0-7172-5677-4.

cbmm.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hebda, John (2001). "Niobium alloys and high Temperature Applications" (PDF). CBMM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2008-09-04.

cdc.gov (Global: 218^th place; English: 212^th place)

"CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards – Hafnium". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-03.

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"Standard Atomic Weights: Hafnium". CIAAW. 2019.

degruyter.com (Global: 1,425^th place; English: 1,138^th place)

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

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jce.divched.org

Fernelius, W. C. (1982). "Hafnium" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Education. 59 (3): 242. Bibcode:1982JChEd..59..242F. doi:10.1021/ed059p242. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-03-15. Retrieved 2009-09-03.

docecity.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Larsen, Edwin M.; Fernelius, W. Conard; Quill, Laurence (1943). "Concentration of Hafnium. Preparation of Hafnium-Free Zirconia". Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 15 (8): 512–515. doi:10.1021/i560120a015.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Hf(–2) occurs in Hf(CO)2−6; see John E. Ellis (2003). "Metal Carbonyl Anions: from [Fe(CO)₄]²⁻ to [Hf(CO)₆]²⁻ and Beyond†". Organometallics. 22 (17): 3322–3338. doi:10.1021/om030105l.
Hf(0) occur in (η⁶-(1,3,5-^tBu)₃C₆H₃)₂Hf and [(η⁵-C₅R₅Hf(CO)₄]⁻, see Chirik, P. J.; Bradley, C. A. (2007). "4.06 - Complexes of Zirconium and Hafnium in Oxidation States 0 to ii". Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry III. From Fundamentals to Applications. Vol. 4. Elsevier Ltd. pp. 697–739. doi:10.1016/B0-08-045047-4/00062-5. ISBN 978-0-08-045047-6.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 28. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Belli, P.; Bernabei, R.; Cappella, F.; Caracciolo, V.; Cerulli, R.; Incicchitti, A.; Laubenstein, M.; Leoncini, A.; Merlo, V.; Nagorny, S.S.; Nahorna, V.V.; Nisi, S.; Wang, P. (January 2025). "A new measurement of 174Hf alpha decay". Nuclear Physics A. 1053 122976. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2024.122976.
Kmak, K. N.; Neupane, S.; Kolos, K.; et al. (2025). "Measurement of the ¹⁷⁵Hf half-life". Physical Review C. 111 (024308). doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.111.024308.
Nielsen, Ralph H.; Wilfing, Gerhard (2003-03-11). "Hafnium and Hafnium Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley. pp. 191–201. doi:10.1002/14356007.a12_559.pub2. ISBN 978-3-527-30385-4.
O'Hara, Andrew; Demkov, Alexander A. (2014). "Oxygen and nitrogen diffusion in α-hafnium from first principles". Applied Physics Letters. 104 (21): 211909. Bibcode:2014ApPhL.104u1909O. doi:10.1063/1.4880657.
Smeltzer, W.W; Simnad, M.T (1957). "Oxidation of hafnium". Acta Metallurgica. 5 (6): 328–334. doi:10.1016/0001-6160(57)90045-7.
Holmes, D.R. (2005-01-01), Cramer, Stephen D.; Covino, Bernard S. (eds.), "Corrosion of Hafnium and Hafnium Alloys", Corrosion: Materials, ASM International, pp. 354–359, doi:10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003826, ISBN 978-1-62708-183-2, retrieved 2025-10-07{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
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Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
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Hsu, Hsiao-Hua; Talbert, Willard L.; Ward, Tom (5 March 2017). "The Creation and Destruction of Hf-178m2 Isomer by Neutron Interaction". Los Alamos National Lab. doi:10.2172/1345954. OSTI 1345954.
Haygarth, John C.; Graham, Ronald A. (2013-09-30). Mishra, Brajendra (ed.). Zirconium and Hafnium. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 1–71. doi:10.1002/9781118788417.ch1. ISBN 978-1-118-78841-7.
Lee, O. Ivan (1928). "The Mineralogy of Hafnium". Chemical Reviews. 5 (1): 17–37. doi:10.1021/cr60017a002.
Larsen, Edwin M.; Fernelius, W. Conard; Quill, Laurence (1943). "Concentration of Hafnium. Preparation of Hafnium-Free Zirconia". Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 15 (8): 512–515. doi:10.1021/i560120a015.
van Arkel, A. E.; de Boer, J. H. (1924). "Die Trennung von Zirkonium und Hafnium durch Kristallisation ihrer Ammoniumdoppelfluoride (The separation of zirconium and hafnium by crystallization of their double ammonium fluorides)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (in German). 141: 284–288. doi:10.1002/zaac.19241410117.
van Arkel, A. E.; de Boer, J. H. (1924-12-23). "Die Trennung des Zirkoniums von anderen Metallen, einschließlich Hafnium, durch fraktionierte Distillation" [The separation of zirconium from other metals, including hafnium, by fractional distillation]. Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (in German). 141 (1): 289–296. Bibcode:1924ZAACh.141..289V. doi:10.1002/zaac.19241410118.
Gilbert, H. L.; Barr, M. M. (1955). "Preliminary Investigation of Hafnium Metal by the Kroll Process". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 102 (5): 243. doi:10.1149/1.2430037.
van Arkel, A. E.; de Boer, J. H. (1925). "Darstellung von reinem Titanium-, Zirkonium-, Hafnium- und Thoriummetall (Production of pure titanium, zirconium, hafnium and Thorium metal)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (in German). 148: 345–350. doi:10.1002/zaac.19251480133.
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 971–975. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
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Dai, Yu; Zeng, Fanhao; Liu, Honghao; Gao, Yafang; Yang, Qiaobin; Chen, Meiyan; Huang, Rui; Gu, Yi (2023-10-15). "Controlled nitrogen content synthesis of hafnium carbonitride powders by carbonizing hafnium nitride for enhanced ablation properties". Ceramics International. 49 (20): 33265–33274. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.08.035. eISSN 1873-3956. ISSN 0272-8842. OCLC 9997899259. S2CID 260672783.
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elsevier.com (Global: 610^th place; English: 704^th place)

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Smeltzer, W.W; Simnad, M.T (1957). "Oxidation of hafnium". Acta Metallurgica. 5 (6): 328–334. doi:10.1016/0001-6160(57)90045-7.
Dai, Yu; Zeng, Fanhao; Liu, Honghao; Gao, Yafang; Yang, Qiaobin; Chen, Meiyan; Huang, Rui; Gu, Yi (2023-10-15). "Controlled nitrogen content synthesis of hafnium carbonitride powders by carbonizing hafnium nitride for enhanced ablation properties". Ceramics International. 49 (20): 33265–33274. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.08.035. eISSN 1873-3956. ISSN 0272-8842. OCLC 9997899259. S2CID 260672783.

espacenet.com (Global: 800^th place; English: 676^th place)

worldwide.espacenet.com

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