Hamburger (English Wikipedia)

Murphy, Lynne (March 29, 2018). The Prodigal Tongue: The Love–Hate Relationship Between British and American English. Oneworld Publications. p. 211. ISBN 978-1-78607-270-2. ...the British are so particular about sandwiches that they use the word less than Americans do. In Britain, a sandwich is some filing between two slices of bread. Not a roll. Not a bagel. Not a baguette. Without sliced bread, it's not a sandwich. The American sandwich prototype is much like the British: savoury filings within two slices of bread. However, American sandwiches are allowed to wander further from the prototype because they interpret the 'bread' requirement more loosely. An American sandwich can be on a roll, on a bagel, on a bun, on a croissant, and at breakfast time, on an English muffin...
McWilliams, Mark (April 6, 2012). The Story behind the Dish: Classic American Foods: Classic American Foods. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313385100.
Jane Stern; Michael Stern (1977). "Roadfood". New York Magazine. p. 42. ISSN 0028-7369.
Ozersky, Josh (2009). The Hamburger: A History. Yale University Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-300-15125-1.
Hogan, David Gerard (1997). Selling 'Em by the Sack: White Castle and the Creation of American Food (1st ed.). NYU Press. pp. 52–55. ISBN 978-0814735671. Retrieved June 4, 2008.
Hogan, David Gerard (1997). Selling 'Em by the Sack: White Castle and the Creation of American Food (1st ed.). NYU Press. pp. 52–55. ISBN 978-0814735671. Retrieved June 4, 2008.
"Orange Coast Magazine". Orange Coast. Emmis Communications: 254. May 2007. ISSN 0279-0483.
Michael Karl Witzel, Gyvel Young-Witzel (2007). Legendary Route 66. Voyageur Press. p. 210. ISBN 9781616731236.
Brimer, Jeffrey; Smith-Porter, Leslie (2005). Annual Franchise and Distribution Law Developments. American Bar Association. pp. 109–110. ISBN 9781590314319.
Stone, Martha (August 10, 2014). Be Your Own Burger King. PJ Group. p. 14.
The Little Black Book of Burgers. Peter Pauper Press, Inc. p. 99. ISBN 978-1441300409.
Motz, George (May 10, 2011). Hamburger America. Running Press. pp. 41–42. ISBN 9780762440702.
Life. November 10, 1967. p. 83.
Annual Review of Developments in Business and Corporate Litigation. American Bar Association. 2006. pp. 1075–1076. ISBN 9781590315460.
A.V. Club (October 13, 2009). Inventory. Simon and Schuster. p. 186. ISBN 9781439109892.
Levine, Ed (November 2011). Serious Eats. Clarkson Potter. pp. 80–81. ISBN 9780307720870.
Taylor, Peter (August 31, 2011). Brit at the Ballpark. McFarland. p. 97. ISBN 9780786486472.
McCracken, Jan (2005). Healthy Carb Cookbook For Dummies. For Dummies. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-7645-8476-3.

burgerweekly.com

"Serendipity 3 - Burger Weekly". Burger Weekly. June 12, 2013. Retrieved October 8, 2013.

carlsjr.com

The Low Carb Six Dollar Burger | Carl's Jr. Menu Archived October 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Carlsjr.com. Retrieved on April 21, 2013.

casetext.com

Perry, Catherine D. (July 7, 2004). "Memorandum and Order: The Steak 'n Shake Company vs. The Burger King Corporation, Case No. 4:04CV525 CDP" (PDF). United States District Court, Eastern District of Missouri, Eastern Division. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2024. (July 7, 2004) 323 F. Supp.2d 983 (E.D. Mo. 2004)

cbc.ca

"How the Fat Boy burger became a Winnipeg icon". CBC.ca. Retrieved May 14, 2021.

cbsnews.com

"Big Mac is 50, but McDonald's sticks with aging icon - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. July 30, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2023.
Big Mac Hits The Big 4-0, CBS News, February 11, 2009.

ccsu.edu

web.ccsu.edu

John E. Harmon "The Better Burger Battle" Archived June 6, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, in Atlas of Popular Culture in the Northeastern United States.

chron.com

Kearney, Syd (May 2, 2014). "One great dish: Signature Steak Burger at La Casa del Caballo". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved October 9, 2014.

ct.gov

About Connecticut. State of Connecticut official website

deseret.com

Lance Gay Scripps (April 2, 2004). "Birth of an icon: Hamburger's origins unclear, but it became popular 100 years ago". Deseret News (Salt Lake City).

digitale-sammlungen.de

"Neuester, vollständiger Führer durch Hamburg, Altona und Umgegend : Mit Berücksichtigung von Kiel, Helgoland, Lübeck und Travemünde. Mit vielen lithogr. Abbildungen u. d. neuesten Plane der Stadt" [Newest, complete guide to Hamburg, Altona and surroundings. [...]]. Bavarian National Library Archives. Hamburg: J. F. Richter. 1869. Retrieved January 11, 2017.

doi.org

Grivetti, Louis E.; Corlett, Jan L.; Gordon, Bertram M.; Lockett, Cassius T. (January–February 2004). "Food in American History, Part 6-Beef (Part 1): Reconstruction and Growth Into the 20th Century (1865–1910)". Nutrition Today. 39 (1): 18–25. doi:10.1097/00017285-200401000-00006. ISSN 0029-666X. PMID 15076706.

eater.com

Shah, Khushbu (April 14, 2015). "China Brazenly Claims it Invented the Hamburger". Eater. Retrieved January 5, 2020.

entrepreneur.com

Rella, Emily (December 3, 2021). "Burger King Is Selling Iconic Menu Item for Less Than a Dollar". Entrepreneur. Retrieved August 3, 2023.

etymonline.com

Harper, Douglas. "hamburger". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved October 17, 2009.

forbestraveler.com

Ungerleider, Neal (June 4, 2009). "10 Most Expensive Hamburgers". Forbes. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009.

gainesville.com

"Steak 'n Shake sues Burger King over use of "steakburger" phrase". The Florida Times-Union. Associated Press. June 2, 2004. Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved February 22, 2015.

go.com

abcnews.go.com

Berman, John; Millhon, Drew (February 20, 2007). "A Major Beef! Who Invented the Hamburger?". ABC News. Retrieved May 24, 2014.

guinnessworldrecords.com

community.guinnessworldrecords.com

"Largest hamburger commercially available". guinnessworldrecords.com. Archived from the original on June 7, 2009.

hardees.com

"Low Carb, Vegetarian, Gluten-Sensitive* & Low Fat Options at Hardee's". Archived from the original on January 14, 2010. Retrieved September 18, 2010.. hardees.com

hbr.org

Sasser, W. Earl Jr.; Rikert, David C. (February 27, 1996). "Burger King Corp". Harvard Business Review. Cambridge, MA. Retrieved November 25, 2013.

herald-journal.com

Heuer, Myron (October 12, 1999). "The real home of the hamburger". Herald & Journal. Retrieved March 24, 2008.

houstonpress.com

blogs.houstonpress.com

Keith Plocek (February 21, 2008). Sliders, Rollers and Monkey Dicks Archived March 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Houston Press.

huffpost.com

"The World's First Hamburger Comes From Where?". HuffPost. April 8, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2020.

hungryjacks.com.au

"Hungry Jack's menu". Retrieved March 10, 2012.

ideaforesight.wordpress.com

"Ideaforesight: Upscale, modern fast food". ideaforesight's blog. July 11, 2010.

indystar.com

Croft, Sara (October 9, 2014). "Make your own great steak burger". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved October 9, 2014.

ladepeche.fr

"Le burger détrône le sandwich jambon-beurre". www.ladepeche.fr. February 6, 2014..

lbb.in

"Bite Into 11 Of The Best Burgers In Pune". LBB.

lexis.com

advance.lexis.com

4:04cv525, Steak N Shake Company et al v. Burger King Corporation CourtLink docket.

lexpress.fr

Audrey Parfait (July 16, 2012). "Les Français, deuxièmes plus gros consommateurs de hamburgers en Europe". www.lexpress.fr..

loc.gov

lcweb2.loc.gov

Rosa L. DeLauro (2000). Louis' Lunch. the Library of Congress.
U.S. Library of Congress Folklife Center Local Legacies Project retrieved on April 13, 2009 Louis' Lunch A Local Legacy

lostincatering.com

"Third Wave Burgers". London Menu Trends 2012. LostinCatering. Archived from the original on September 24, 2012. Retrieved September 28, 2012.

merriam-webster.com

Burger Merriam-Webster Dictionary

metnews.com

Roger M. Grace (January 15, 2004). Old Menus Tell the History of Hamburgers in L.A. metnews.com.

meyers.dk

"Flæskestegssandwich | Vores opskrift på den bedste flæskestegssandwich". meyers.dk. Retrieved March 10, 2021.

mynewsdesk.com

"Danmarks første bøfsandwich fylder 70". Mynewsdesk (in Danish). Archived from the original on July 26, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2021.

nationalgeographic.com

"Top 10 National Dishes -- National Geographic". Travel. September 13, 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2020.

newspapers.com

chicagotribune.newspapers.com

"In a 'Sandwich Car'". Chicago Tribune. July 5, 1896. Retrieved December 20, 2022.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Grivetti, Louis E.; Corlett, Jan L.; Gordon, Bertram M.; Lockett, Cassius T. (January–February 2004). "Food in American History, Part 6-Beef (Part 1): Reconstruction and Growth Into the 20th Century (1865–1910)". Nutrition Today. 39 (1): 18–25. doi:10.1097/00017285-200401000-00006. ISSN 0029-666X. PMID 15076706.

nypost.com

"Move over, Cronut! The new Ramen Burger has New Yorkers in a foodie frenzy". New York Post. August 21, 2013.

nytimes.com

"Anatomy of a Burger". The New York Times. October 4, 2009. Retrieved May 4, 2010.
Moss, Michael (October 3, 2009). "The Burger That Shattered Her Life". The New York Times. Retrieved May 4, 2010.
John T. Edge (July 29, 2009). "Pastrami Meets the Patty in Utah". The New York Times.

travel.nytimes.com

Matthew Preusch (October 26, 2007). Cleared for Lunching: The $100 Hamburger. NY Times.

outbackjoe.com

"Steak Sandwich Around Australia". Outback Joe. April 2012. Retrieved July 18, 2017.

patents.google.com

For references, see the literature review in William O. Giles "Method for preparing hamburger patties" U.S. patent 5,484,625 issued January 16, 1996.

punkee.com.au

"14 Names Other Countries Have For Food That Will Confuse Every Aussie". Punkee. July 30, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2022.

recidemia.com

en.recidemia.com

Fried lamb burger recipe on Recidemia Archived January 14, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. En.recidemia.com (July 15, 2012). Retrieved on April 21, 2013.

robertkaplinsky.com

"How Much Does A 100x100 In-N-Out Cheeseburger Cost?". Robert Kaplinsky. September 6, 2013.

sainsburys.co.uk

"Rustler's Microwave Quarterpounder 190g". sainsburys.co.uk. Archived from the original on October 1, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2010.

seymourhistory.org

""Hamburger" Charlie Nagreen". SeymourHistory.org. Retrieved September 3, 2010.

sohu.com

"汉堡和三明治有什么区别?强力科普这些外来词!". Sohu. August 1, 2017.

statesman.com

Schwartz, Jeremy (August 27, 2007). "Uncovering Mexico: Best of times, worst of times: Celebrating the 100th". Statesman.com. Archived from the original on November 2, 2007. Retrieved December 18, 2010.

steaknshake.com

"Steak n Shake | Steakburger & Homemade Milkshakes". www.steaknshake.com.

theguardian.com

Seenan, Gerard (October 4, 2004). "Highland schools get Bambi burgers". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 4, 2010.
Lacey, Josh (January 2, 2006). "Camembert with that, sir?". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 4, 2010.

therec.io

"The history of the burger". Archived from the original on October 15, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.

thewoksoflife.com

"Chinese Hamburger, Rou Jia Mo 肉夹馍". The Woks of Life. March 4, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2020.

thrillist.com

16 Regional American Burgers, April 7th, 2021

unileverfoodsolutions.com.au

"Recipes for tasty, crunchy & saucy American style sandwiches". Unilever Food Solutions. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022. Expect a blank look if you're in the States and ask for a chicken burger 'cause they ain't got a clue what the hell you're talking about... It's just what we call burgers, which Americans call sandwiches...

uscourts.gov

ecf.moed.uscourts.gov

Perry, Catherine D. (July 7, 2004). "Memorandum and Order: The Steak 'n Shake Company vs. The Burger King Corporation, Case No. 4:04CV525 CDP" (PDF). United States District Court, Eastern District of Missouri, Eastern Division. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2024. (July 7, 2004) 323 F. Supp.2d 983 (E.D. Mo. 2004)

usda.gov

fsis.usda.gov

"Ground Beef and Food Safety". Retrieved July 26, 2016.
USDA Urges Consumers To Use Food Thermometer When Cooking Ground Beef Patties Archived September 3, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. United States Department of Agriculture Safety and Inspection Service Media Communications Office, August 11, 1998.

washingtonpost.com

"Who invented the hamburger? Biting into the messy history of America's iconic sandwich". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
"Ray Kroc Dies - McDonald's company history". The Washington Post.

web.archive.org

"The history of the burger". Archived from the original on October 15, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
"Recipes for tasty, crunchy & saucy American style sandwiches". Unilever Food Solutions. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022. Expect a blank look if you're in the States and ask for a chicken burger 'cause they ain't got a clue what the hell you're talking about... It's just what we call burgers, which Americans call sandwiches...
Sam Gazdziak (August 1, 2006). "Giving the BURGER its due: the hamburger's origins are somewhat shrouded in mystery, but there is no doubt as to its impact on American dining habits and culture.(Editorial)." The National Provisioner. BNP Media.
Nancy Ross Ryan (February 6, 1989). Great American food chronicles: the hamburger. (restaurant marketing). Restaurants & Institutions. Reed Business Information, Inc. (US).
Randall Beach (February 3, 2008) Louis' Lunch has beef with book claiming it didn't invent the hamburger. New Haven Register (New Haven, CT). McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.
John E. Harmon "The Better Burger Battle" Archived June 6, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, in Atlas of Popular Culture in the Northeastern United States.
Welcome To Weber's Superior Root Beer and Grill Archived January 14, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Webersrootbeer.net (April 13, 1995). Retrieved on April 21, 2013.
USDA Urges Consumers To Use Food Thermometer When Cooking Ground Beef Patties Archived September 3, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. United States Department of Agriculture Safety and Inspection Service Media Communications Office, August 11, 1998.
Perry, Catherine D. (July 7, 2004). "Memorandum and Order: The Steak 'n Shake Company vs. The Burger King Corporation, Case No. 4:04CV525 CDP" (PDF). United States District Court, Eastern District of Missouri, Eastern Division. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2013. Retrieved June 26, 2024. (July 7, 2004) 323 F. Supp.2d 983 (E.D. Mo. 2004)
"Steak 'n Shake sues Burger King over use of "steakburger" phrase". The Florida Times-Union. Associated Press. June 2, 2004. Archived from the original on February 25, 2015. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
"Top 10 National Dishes -- National Geographic". Travel. September 13, 2011. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2020.
Keith Plocek (February 21, 2008). Sliders, Rollers and Monkey Dicks Archived March 16, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Houston Press.
The Low Carb Six Dollar Burger | Carl's Jr. Menu Archived October 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine. Carlsjr.com. Retrieved on April 21, 2013.
"Low Carb, Vegetarian, Gluten-Sensitive* & Low Fat Options at Hardee's". Archived from the original on January 14, 2010. Retrieved September 18, 2010.. hardees.com
Schwartz, Jeremy (August 27, 2007). "Uncovering Mexico: Best of times, worst of times: Celebrating the 100th". Statesman.com. Archived from the original on November 2, 2007. Retrieved December 18, 2010.
"Wimpy History". wimpy.uk.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008.
"Third Wave Burgers". London Menu Trends 2012. LostinCatering. Archived from the original on September 24, 2012. Retrieved September 28, 2012.
"Rustler's Microwave Quarterpounder 190g". sainsburys.co.uk. Archived from the original on October 1, 2011. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
"Danmarks første bøfsandwich fylder 70". Mynewsdesk (in Danish). Archived from the original on July 26, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2021.
Fried lamb burger recipe on Recidemia Archived January 14, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. En.recidemia.com (July 15, 2012). Retrieved on April 21, 2013.
"Largest hamburger commercially available". guinnessworldrecords.com. Archived from the original on June 7, 2009.
Ungerleider, Neal (June 4, 2009). "10 Most Expensive Hamburgers". Forbes. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009.

webersrootbeer.net

Welcome To Weber's Superior Root Beer and Grill Archived January 14, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Webersrootbeer.net (April 13, 1995). Retrieved on April 21, 2013.

whatscookingamerica.net

Preusch, Matthew (October 26, 2007). "What's cooking America: History of the Hamburger".

wimpy.uk.com

"Wimpy History". wimpy.uk.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

"Who invented the hamburger? Biting into the messy history of America's iconic sandwich". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved December 16, 2021.
Jane Stern; Michael Stern (1977). "Roadfood". New York Magazine. p. 42. ISSN 0028-7369.
Grivetti, Louis E.; Corlett, Jan L.; Gordon, Bertram M.; Lockett, Cassius T. (January–February 2004). "Food in American History, Part 6-Beef (Part 1): Reconstruction and Growth Into the 20th Century (1865–1910)". Nutrition Today. 39 (1): 18–25. doi:10.1097/00017285-200401000-00006. ISSN 0029-666X. PMID 15076706.
"Orange Coast Magazine". Orange Coast. Emmis Communications: 254. May 2007. ISSN 0279-0483.