Helium-3 (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Helium-3" in English language version.

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archive.org

Ley, Willy (October 1966). "The Delayed Discovery". For Your Information. Galaxy Science Fiction. pp. 116–127.
Alvarez, Luis W; Peter Trower, W (1987). Discovering Alvarez: selected works of Luis W. Alvarez, with commentary by his students and colleagues. University of Chicago Press. pp. 26–30. ISBN 978-0-226-81304-2.

arxiv.org

Galli, D. (September 2004). "The cosmic saga of ³He". arXiv:astro-ph/0412380v1.

cern.ch

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Close, Frank (August 2007). "Fears Over Factoids" (PDF). CERN Document Server. Physicsworld.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2018.

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chinadaily.com.cn

He asked for the moon-and got it Archived 2023-06-15 at the Wayback Machine. Chinadaily.com.cn (2006-07-26). Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

doi.org

Cocks, F. H. (2010). "³He in permanently shadowed lunar polar surfaces". Icarus. 206 (2): 778–779. Bibcode:2010Icar..206..778C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2009.12.032.
Oliphant, M. L. E.; Harteck, P.; Rutherford, E. (1934). "Transmutation Effects Observed with Heavy Hydrogen". Proceedings of the Royal Society A. 144 (853): 692–703. Bibcode:1934RSPSA.144..692O. doi:10.1098/rspa.1934.0077. JSTOR 2935553.
Alvarez, Luis; Cornog, Robert (1939). "Helium and Hydrogen of Mass 3". Physical Review. 56 (6): 613. Bibcode:1939PhRv...56..613A. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.56.613.
Chase, C. E.; Zimmerman, G. O. (1973). "Measurements of P-V-T and Critical Indices of He³". Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 11 (5–6): 551. Bibcode:1973JLTP...11..551C. doi:10.1007/BF00654447. S2CID 123038029.
Osheroff, D. D.; Richardson, R. C.; Lee, D. M. (1972). "Evidence for a New Phase of Solid He³". Physical Review Letters. 28 (14): 885–888. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..28..885O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.885.
Osheroff, D. D.; Gully, W. J.; Richardson, R. C.; Lee, D. M. (1972). "New Magnetic Phenomena in Liquid He³ below 3 mK". Physical Review Letters. 29 (14): 920–923. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..29..920O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.29.920.
Leggett, A. J. (1972). "Interpretation of Recent Results on He³ below 3 mK: A New Liquid Phase?". Physical Review Letters. 29 (18): 1227–1230. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..29.1227L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.29.1227.
Holden, Normen E. 1993. Helium Isotopic Abundance Variation in Nature. copy of paper BNL-49331 "Table II. ³He Abundance of Natural Gas ... ³He in ppm ... Aldrich 0.05 – 0.5 ... Sano 0.46 – 22.7", "Table V. ... of Water ... ³He in ppm ... 1.6 – 1.8 East Pacific ... 0.006 – 1.5 Manitoba Chalk River ... 164 Japan Sea" (Aldrich measured Helium from US wells, Sano that of Taiwan gas: Sano, Yuji; Wakita, Hiroshi; Huang, Chin-Wang (September 1986). "Helium flux in a continental land area estimated from ³He/⁴He ratio in northern Taiwan". Nature. 323 (6083): 55–57. Bibcode:1986Natur.323...55S. doi:10.1038/323055a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4358031.)
Smith, D.M. "any concentration of helium above approximately 0.2 percent is considered worthwhile examining" ... "U.S. government still owns approximately 1 billion nm³ of helium inventory", "Middle East and North Africa ... many very large, helium-rich (up to 0.5 percent) natural gas fields" (Smith uses nm³ to mean "normal cubic metre", elsewhere called "cubic metre at NTP) Smith, D. M.; Goodwin, T. W.; Schillinger, J. A. (26 September 2003). "Challenges to the worldwide supply of helium in the next decade" (PDF). American Institute of Physics Conference Series. 49: 119–138. Bibcode:2004AIPC..710..119S. doi:10.1063/1.1774674. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-01-04. Retrieved 2024-09-10.
Smith, Lesley; Trenberth, Kevin E. (2005). "The Mass of the Atmosphere: A Constraint on Global Analyses". Journal of Climate. 18 (6): 864–875. Bibcode:2005JCli...18..864T. doi:10.1175/JCLI-3299.1. S2CID 16754900.
Niemann, Hasso B.; Atreya, Sushil K.; Carignan, George R.; Donahue, Thomas M.; Haberman, John A.; Harpold, Dan N.; Hartle, Richard E.; Hunten, Donald M.; et al. (1996). "The Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer: Composition of Jupiter's Atmosphere". Science. 272 (5263): 846–9. Bibcode:1996Sci...272..846N. doi:10.1126/science.272.5263.846. PMID 8629016. S2CID 3242002.
Lucas, L. L. & Unterweger, M. P. (2000). "Comprehensive Review and Critical Evaluation of the Half-Life of Tritium". Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. 105 (4): 541–549. doi:10.6028/jres.105.043. PMC 4877155. PMID 27551621.
Gentile, T.R.; Jones, G.L.; Thompson, A.K.; Barker, J.; Glinka, C.J.; Hammouda, B.; Lynn, J.W. (2000). "SANS polarization analysis with nuclear spin-polarized ³He" (PDF). J. Appl. Crystallogr. 33 (3): 771–774. Bibcode:2000JApCr..33..771G. doi:10.1107/S0021889800099817. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
Leawoods, Jason C.; Yablonskiy, Dmitriy A.; Saam, Brian; Gierada, David S.; Conradi, Mark S. (2001). "Hyperpolarized ³He Gas Production and MR Imaging of the Lung". Concepts in Magnetic Resonance. 13 (5): 277–293. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.492.8128. doi:10.1002/cmr.1014.
Altes, Talissa; Salerno, Michael (2004). "Hyperpolarized Gas Imaging of the Lung". J Thorac Imaging. 19 (4): 250–258. doi:10.1097/01.rti.0000142837.52729.38. PMID 15502612.
Saunders, Martin; Jimenez-Vazquez, Hugo A.; Bangerter, Benedict W.; Cross, R. James; Mroczkowski, Stanley; Freedberg, Daron I.; Anet, Frank A. L. (1994). "³He NMR: A Powerful New Tool for Following Fullerene Chemistry". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 116 (8): 3621–3622. doi:10.1021/ja00087a067.
Kazakov, Ye. O.; et al. (19 June 2017). "Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating". Nature Physics. 13 (10): 973–978. Bibcode:2017NatPh..13..973K. doi:10.1038/nphys4167. hdl:1721.1/114949. S2CID 106402331. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

energy.gov

science.energy.gov

"Isotope Development & Production for Research and Applications (IDPRA)". US Department of Energy Office of Science. 18 October 2018. Archived from the original on 19 October 2011. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
"Office of Science" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-18.

fas.org

Shea, Dana A.; Morgan, Daniel (22 December 2010). The Helium-3 Shortage: Supply, Demand, and Options for Congress (PDF) (Report). Congressional Research Service. 7-5700. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2015.

gsu.edu

hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

"Nuclear Reactions". Archived from the original on 2000-02-01. Retrieved 2007-05-06.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Kazakov, Ye. O.; et al. (19 June 2017). "Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating". Nature Physics. 13 (10): 973–978. Bibcode:2017NatPh..13..973K. doi:10.1038/nphys4167. hdl:1721.1/114949. S2CID 106402331. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
Todd Rider. "A general critique of inertial-electrostatic confinement fusion systems". hdl:1721.1/29869.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Cocks, F. H. (2010). "³He in permanently shadowed lunar polar surfaces". Icarus. 206 (2): 778–779. Bibcode:2010Icar..206..778C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2009.12.032.
Oliphant, M. L. E.; Harteck, P.; Rutherford, E. (1934). "Transmutation Effects Observed with Heavy Hydrogen". Proceedings of the Royal Society A. 144 (853): 692–703. Bibcode:1934RSPSA.144..692O. doi:10.1098/rspa.1934.0077. JSTOR 2935553.
Alvarez, Luis; Cornog, Robert (1939). "Helium and Hydrogen of Mass 3". Physical Review. 56 (6): 613. Bibcode:1939PhRv...56..613A. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.56.613.
Chase, C. E.; Zimmerman, G. O. (1973). "Measurements of P-V-T and Critical Indices of He³". Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 11 (5–6): 551. Bibcode:1973JLTP...11..551C. doi:10.1007/BF00654447. S2CID 123038029.
Osheroff, D. D.; Richardson, R. C.; Lee, D. M. (1972). "Evidence for a New Phase of Solid He³". Physical Review Letters. 28 (14): 885–888. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..28..885O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.885.
Osheroff, D. D.; Gully, W. J.; Richardson, R. C.; Lee, D. M. (1972). "New Magnetic Phenomena in Liquid He³ below 3 mK". Physical Review Letters. 29 (14): 920–923. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..29..920O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.29.920.
Leggett, A. J. (1972). "Interpretation of Recent Results on He³ below 3 mK: A New Liquid Phase?". Physical Review Letters. 29 (18): 1227–1230. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..29.1227L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.29.1227.
Holden, Normen E. 1993. Helium Isotopic Abundance Variation in Nature. copy of paper BNL-49331 "Table II. ³He Abundance of Natural Gas ... ³He in ppm ... Aldrich 0.05 – 0.5 ... Sano 0.46 – 22.7", "Table V. ... of Water ... ³He in ppm ... 1.6 – 1.8 East Pacific ... 0.006 – 1.5 Manitoba Chalk River ... 164 Japan Sea" (Aldrich measured Helium from US wells, Sano that of Taiwan gas: Sano, Yuji; Wakita, Hiroshi; Huang, Chin-Wang (September 1986). "Helium flux in a continental land area estimated from ³He/⁴He ratio in northern Taiwan". Nature. 323 (6083): 55–57. Bibcode:1986Natur.323...55S. doi:10.1038/323055a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4358031.)
Smith, D.M. "any concentration of helium above approximately 0.2 percent is considered worthwhile examining" ... "U.S. government still owns approximately 1 billion nm³ of helium inventory", "Middle East and North Africa ... many very large, helium-rich (up to 0.5 percent) natural gas fields" (Smith uses nm³ to mean "normal cubic metre", elsewhere called "cubic metre at NTP) Smith, D. M.; Goodwin, T. W.; Schillinger, J. A. (26 September 2003). "Challenges to the worldwide supply of helium in the next decade" (PDF). American Institute of Physics Conference Series. 49: 119–138. Bibcode:2004AIPC..710..119S. doi:10.1063/1.1774674. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-01-04. Retrieved 2024-09-10.
Smith, Lesley; Trenberth, Kevin E. (2005). "The Mass of the Atmosphere: A Constraint on Global Analyses". Journal of Climate. 18 (6): 864–875. Bibcode:2005JCli...18..864T. doi:10.1175/JCLI-3299.1. S2CID 16754900.
Niemann, Hasso B.; Atreya, Sushil K.; Carignan, George R.; Donahue, Thomas M.; Haberman, John A.; Harpold, Dan N.; Hartle, Richard E.; Hunten, Donald M.; et al. (1996). "The Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer: Composition of Jupiter's Atmosphere". Science. 272 (5263): 846–9. Bibcode:1996Sci...272..846N. doi:10.1126/science.272.5263.846. PMID 8629016. S2CID 3242002.
Gentile, T.R.; Jones, G.L.; Thompson, A.K.; Barker, J.; Glinka, C.J.; Hammouda, B.; Lynn, J.W. (2000). "SANS polarization analysis with nuclear spin-polarized ³He" (PDF). J. Appl. Crystallogr. 33 (3): 771–774. Bibcode:2000JApCr..33..771G. doi:10.1107/S0021889800099817. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
Kazakov, Ye. O.; et al. (19 June 2017). "Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating". Nature Physics. 13 (10): 973–978. Bibcode:2017NatPh..13..973K. doi:10.1038/nphys4167. hdl:1721.1/114949. S2CID 106402331. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
E. N. Slyuta; A. M. Abdrakhimov; E. M. Galimov (2007). "The estimation of helium-3 probable reserves in lunar regolith" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII (1338): 2175. Bibcode:2007LPI....38.2175S. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-07-05. Retrieved 2007-05-31.

liquids.seas.harvard.edu

"Workings of a 3He refrigerator". Harvard X-Ray Group Home Page. Retrieved 2025-04-17.

helionenergy.com

"Helion FAQ". Retrieved 29 September 2022.

huji.ac.il

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Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. "(3He) Helium NMR".

ic.gc.ca

CA 2810716, Sur, Bhaskar; Rodrigo, Lakshman & Didsbury, Richard, "System and method for collecting ³He gas from heavy water nuclear reactors", published 30 September 2013, issued 2013 Archived 23 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine

ieee.org

spectrum.ieee.org

Physics Projects Deflate for Lack of Helium-3 . Spectrum.ieee.org. Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

ieer.org

Science for Democratic Action Vol. 5 No. 1 Archived 2006-09-27 at the Wayback Machine. IEER. Retrieved on 2011-11-08;

ill.eu

³He-spin-filters/ ILL ³He spin filters^{[permanent dead link]}. Ill.eu (2010-10-22). Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

indiatimes.com

economictimes.indiatimes.com

"With He-3 on mind, India gets ready for lunar mission". The Times Of India. 2008-09-19. Archived from the original on 2008-09-21. Retrieved 2008-09-21.

isro.org

Scientific Archived 2009-10-12 at the Wayback Machine. Isro.org (2008-11-11). Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

iter.org

"ITER & Beyond". Archived from the original on 2009-05-20. Retrieved 2009-08-04.

jstor.org

Oliphant, M. L. E.; Harteck, P.; Rutherford, E. (1934). "Transmutation Effects Observed with Heavy Hydrogen". Proceedings of the Royal Society A. 144 (853): 692–703. Bibcode:1934RSPSA.144..692O. doi:10.1098/rspa.1934.0077. JSTOR 2935553.

khnp.co.kr

npp.khnp.co.kr

"2020년도 원전주변 환경방사능 조사 및 평가보고서" [2020 Environmental Radiation Survey and Evaluation Report Around Nuclear Power Plant]. Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power. 26 April 2021. p. 25. (table 8)

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A Modular Neutron Detector | Summer 2003| Los Alamos National Laboratory Archived 2008-05-03 at the Wayback Machine. Lanl.gov. Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

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luna-ci.blogspot.com

Luna C/I:: Chandrayaan-1 Payload Feature #2: Sub KeV Atom Reflecting Analyser (SARA) Archived 2019-07-20 at the Wayback Machine. Luna-ci.blogspot.com (2008-11-12). Retrieved on 2011-11-08.

lunarnetworks.blogspot.in

Fa WenZhe; Jin YaQiu (December 2010). "Global inventory of Helium-3 in lunar regoliths estimated by a multi-channel microwave radiometer on the Chang-E 1 lunar satellite". Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2012-12-12.

meti.go.jp

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nasa.gov

gltrs.grc.nasa.gov

Bryan Palaszewski. "Atmospheric Mining in the Outer Solar System" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. NASA Technical Memorandum 2006-214122. AIAA–2005–4319. Prepared for the 41st Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit cosponsored by AIAA, ASME, SAE, and ASEE, Tucson, Arizona, July 10–13, 2005.

nature.com

Kazakov, Ye. O.; et al. (19 June 2017). "Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating". Nature Physics. 13 (10): 973–978. Bibcode:2017NatPh..13..973K. doi:10.1038/nphys4167. hdl:1721.1/114949. S2CID 106402331. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Niemann, Hasso B.; Atreya, Sushil K.; Carignan, George R.; Donahue, Thomas M.; Haberman, John A.; Harpold, Dan N.; Hartle, Richard E.; Hunten, Donald M.; et al. (1996). "The Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer: Composition of Jupiter's Atmosphere". Science. 272 (5263): 846–9. Bibcode:1996Sci...272..846N. doi:10.1126/science.272.5263.846. PMID 8629016. S2CID 3242002.
Lucas, L. L. & Unterweger, M. P. (2000). "Comprehensive Review and Critical Evaluation of the Half-Life of Tritium". Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. 105 (4): 541–549. doi:10.6028/jres.105.043. PMC 4877155. PMID 27551621.
Altes, Talissa; Salerno, Michael (2004). "Hyperpolarized Gas Imaging of the Lung". J Thorac Imaging. 19 (4): 250–258. doi:10.1097/01.rti.0000142837.52729.38. PMID 15502612.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lucas, L. L. & Unterweger, M. P. (2000). "Comprehensive Review and Critical Evaluation of the Half-Life of Tritium". Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. 105 (4): 541–549. doi:10.6028/jres.105.043. PMC 4877155. PMID 27551621.

nist.gov

ncnr.nist.gov

NCNR Neutron Spin Filters Archived 2007-05-20 at the Wayback Machine. Ncnr.nist.gov (2004-04-28). Retrieved on 2011-11-08.
Gentile, T.R.; Jones, G.L.; Thompson, A.K.; Barker, J.; Glinka, C.J.; Hammouda, B.; Lynn, J.W. (2000). "SANS polarization analysis with nuclear spin-polarized ³He" (PDF). J. Appl. Crystallogr. 33 (3): 771–774. Bibcode:2000JApCr..33..771G. doi:10.1107/S0021889800099817. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
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osti.gov

Holden, Normen E. 1993. Helium Isotopic Abundance Variation in Nature. copy of paper BNL-49331 "Table II. ³He Abundance of Natural Gas ... ³He in ppm ... Aldrich 0.05 – 0.5 ... Sano 0.46 – 22.7", "Table V. ... of Water ... ³He in ppm ... 1.6 – 1.8 East Pacific ... 0.006 – 1.5 Manitoba Chalk River ... 164 Japan Sea" (Aldrich measured Helium from US wells, Sano that of Taiwan gas: Sano, Yuji; Wakita, Hiroshi; Huang, Chin-Wang (September 1986). "Helium flux in a continental land area estimated from ³He/⁴He ratio in northern Taiwan". Nature. 323 (6083): 55–57. Bibcode:1986Natur.323...55S. doi:10.1038/323055a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4358031.)

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"MIT Achieves Breakthrough in Nuclear Fusion Aug 2017". 28 August 2017. Archived from the original on 2020-08-01. Retrieved 2020-07-18.
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psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Leawoods, Jason C.; Yablonskiy, Dmitriy A.; Saam, Brian; Gierada, David S.; Conradi, Mark S. (2001). "Hyperpolarized ³He Gas Production and MR Imaging of the Lung". Concepts in Magnetic Resonance. 13 (5): 277–293. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.492.8128. doi:10.1002/cmr.1014.

scientificamerican.com

blogs.scientificamerican.com

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semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Chase, C. E.; Zimmerman, G. O. (1973). "Measurements of P-V-T and Critical Indices of He³". Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 11 (5–6): 551. Bibcode:1973JLTP...11..551C. doi:10.1007/BF00654447. S2CID 123038029.
Holden, Normen E. 1993. Helium Isotopic Abundance Variation in Nature. copy of paper BNL-49331 "Table II. ³He Abundance of Natural Gas ... ³He in ppm ... Aldrich 0.05 – 0.5 ... Sano 0.46 – 22.7", "Table V. ... of Water ... ³He in ppm ... 1.6 – 1.8 East Pacific ... 0.006 – 1.5 Manitoba Chalk River ... 164 Japan Sea" (Aldrich measured Helium from US wells, Sano that of Taiwan gas: Sano, Yuji; Wakita, Hiroshi; Huang, Chin-Wang (September 1986). "Helium flux in a continental land area estimated from ³He/⁴He ratio in northern Taiwan". Nature. 323 (6083): 55–57. Bibcode:1986Natur.323...55S. doi:10.1038/323055a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4358031.)
Smith, Lesley; Trenberth, Kevin E. (2005). "The Mass of the Atmosphere: A Constraint on Global Analyses". Journal of Climate. 18 (6): 864–875. Bibcode:2005JCli...18..864T. doi:10.1175/JCLI-3299.1. S2CID 16754900.
Niemann, Hasso B.; Atreya, Sushil K.; Carignan, George R.; Donahue, Thomas M.; Haberman, John A.; Harpold, Dan N.; Hartle, Richard E.; Hunten, Donald M.; et al. (1996). "The Galileo Probe Mass Spectrometer: Composition of Jupiter's Atmosphere". Science. 272 (5263): 846–9. Bibcode:1996Sci...272..846N. doi:10.1126/science.272.5263.846. PMID 8629016. S2CID 3242002.
Kazakov, Ye. O.; et al. (19 June 2017). "Efficient generation of energetic ions in multi-ion plasmas by radio-frequency heating". Nature Physics. 13 (10): 973–978. Bibcode:2017NatPh..13..973K. doi:10.1038/nphys4167. hdl:1721.1/114949. S2CID 106402331. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

srs.gov

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