History of Buddhism (English Wikipedia)

Apte, D. G. (1950). Universities in ancient India. Raopura, Vadodara: Faculty of Education and Psychology, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. pp. 44–47 – via Cornell University Library.

archive.today

Personality of Xuanzang Sanzang

artlex.com

The Belvedere Apollo: Image Archived 2014-06-03 at the Wayback Machine

bharatvani.org

koenraadelst.bharatvani.org

"2. Ashoka and Pushyamitra, iconoclasts?". The Koneraad Elst Site. Archived from the original on 2017-04-01. Retrieved 2015-01-12.

books.google.com

Stein, Burton (2010), A History of India, John Wiley & Sons, p. 74, ISBN 978-1-4443-2351-1, In the past it was not uncommon for historians to conflate the vast space thus outlined with the oppressive realm described in the Arthashastra and to posit one of the earliest and certainly one of the largest totalitarian regimes in all of history. Such a picture is no longer considered believable; at present what is taken to be the realm of Ashoka is a discontinuous set of several core regions separated by very large areas occupied by relatively autonomous peoples.
Ludden, David (2013), India and South Asia: A Short History, Oneworld Publications, pp. 28–30, ISBN 978-1-78074-108-6
Coningham & Young 2015, pp. 451–466. Coningham, Robin; Young, Ruth (2015), The Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c.6500 BCE – 200 CE, Cambridge University Press, pp. 451–466, ISBN 978-1-316-41898-7 p. 453.
Coningham & Young 2015, p. 453. Coningham, Robin; Young, Ruth (2015), The Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c.6500 BCE – 200 CE, Cambridge University Press, pp. 451–466, ISBN 978-1-316-41898-7 p. 453.
Dyson, Tim (2018), A Population History of India: From the First Modern People to the Present Day, Oxford University Press, pp. 16–17, ISBN 978-0-19-882905-8, Magadha power came to extend over the main cities and communication routes of the Ganges basin. Then, under Chandragupta Maurya (c.321–297 bce), and subsequently Ashoka his grandson, Pataliputra became the centre of the loose-knit Mauryan 'Empire' which during Ashoka's reign (c.268–232 bce) briefly had a presence throughout the main urban centres and arteries of the subcontinent, except for the extreme south.
Asiatic Mythology by J. Hackin pp. 83ff
Hirakawa, Akira; Groner, Paul (1993). A History of Indian Buddhism: From Śākyamuni to Early Mahāyāna. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 126. ISBN 978-81-208-0955-0.
Buddhist Landscapes in Central India: Sanchi Hill and Archaeologies of Religious and Social Change, C. Third Century BC to Fifth Century AD, Julia Shaw, Left Coast Press, 2013 pp. 88ff
Satyendra Nath Naskar (1996). Foreign Impact on Indian Life and Culture (c. 326 B.C. to c. 300 A.D.). Abhinav Publications. p. 69. ISBN 978-81-7017-298-7.
Radhakumud Mookerji (1989). "Buddhism". The Gupta Empire. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 133. ISBN 978-81-208-0089-2.^{[failed verification]}
Dobbins, James C. (1998). "Envisioning Kamakura Buddhism". In Payne, Richard K. Re-visioning Kamakura Buddhism. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0-8248-2078-9.
Kenneth R. Hal (1985). Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. University of Hawaii Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-8248-0843-3.

britannica.com

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (19 December 2017). "Buddhist Council". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
"Khotan – Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Britannica.com.^{[dead link‍]}

burmalibrary.org

Taw, Sein Ko (1892). The Kalyani Inscriptions Erected by King Dhammaceti at Pegu: Text and Translation (PDF) Archived 2012-10-22 at the Wayback Machine. Rangoon: The Superintendent, Government Printing, Burma. iv–v

chibs.edu.tw

Oh, Kang-nam (2000). "The Taoist Influence on Hua-yen Buddhism: A Case of the Sinicization of Buddhism in China". Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal (13): 286. Archived from the original on 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2008-01-28.

columbia.edu

afe.easia.columbia.edu

"300 to 600 CE: Korea". Asia for Educators. Columbia University. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2012-03-06.

dailynews.lk

archives.dailynews.lk

"80th anniversary of Das Buddhistische Haus in Berlin – Frohnau, Germany". Daily News. Sri Lanka. 24 April 2004.

doi.org

Elizabeth Fuller Collins (28 May 2013). "Hinduism in Southeast Asia". Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780195399318-0112. Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2018-04-04.

earlychristianwritings.com

Clement of Alexandria. "The Stromata, or Miscellanies". Book I, Chapter XV. Archived from the original on 2010-05-10. Retrieved 2010-08-11 – via Early Christian Writings.

hawaii.edu

scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu

Hirakawa, Akira (1990), A History of Indian Buddhism: From Sakyamuni to Early Mahāyāna, tr. Paul Groner, University of Hawaii Press

iias.asia

Silk, Jonathan (2014). "The spread of Buddhism in Central Asia" (PDF). International Institute for Asian Studies, Newsletter (68). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-01-21. Retrieved 2018-04-05.

indiaprofile.com

"Buddhism in Andhra Pradesh, story of Buddhism". Archived from the original on 2007-03-14. Retrieved 2006-06-27.

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

Bhagwat, Ramu (19 December 2001). "Ambedkar memorial set up at Deekshabhoomi". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2013-10-16. Retrieved 2013-07-01.

insightmeditationcenter.org

Fronsdal, Gil (1998). "Insight Meditation in the United States: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" (PDF). The Faces of Buddhism in America. By Prebish, C.S.; Tanaka, K.K. University of California Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-27.

jstor.org

W., T. (1897). "Review of A Record of the Buddhist Religion, as Practised in India and the Malay Archipelago (A.D. 671–695), I-Tsing". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 358–364. JSTOR 25207848

kimbellart.org

Standing Buddhas: Image 1 Archived 2013-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, Image 2 Archived 2006-10-21 at the Wayback Machine

lakdiva.org

"Chapter XXIX – The Beginning of the Great Thupa". Mahavamsa. Archived from the original on 2006-09-05.

lakdiva.org.lk

"Chapter XXIX – The Beginning of the Great Thupa". Mahavamsa. Archived from the original on 2006-09-05.

metmuseum.org

Behrent, Kurt (April 2012). "Gandhara". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 2018-04-03.

oxfordbibliographies.com

Elizabeth Fuller Collins (28 May 2013). "Hinduism in Southeast Asia". Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780195399318-0112. Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2018-04-04.

savetibet.ru

Кузьмин С.Л. 2010. Скрытый Тибет. История независимости и оккупации. С.Петербург: изд. А. Терентьева

saylor.org

"Buddhism in China: A Historical Overview" (PDF). Saylor.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-07-27. Retrieved 2012-03-07.

shin-ibs.edu

Kudara, Kogi (2002). "A Rough Sketch of Central Asian Buddhism". Pacific World: Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies. 3 (4): 93–107. Archived from the original on 2018-04-06. Retrieved 2018-04-05.

studybuddhism.com

Berzin, Alexander (2000). "How Did Tibetan Buddhism Develop?". Archived from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-06-04.;
• Berzin, Alexander (1996). "Spread of Buddhism in Asia". Archived from the original on 2016-05-21. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
Berzin, Alexander. "Study Buddhism". Study Buddhism. Archived from the original on 2016-05-29. Retrieved 2016-05-28.^{[failed verification]}

sundaytimes.lk

"National Engineering Technological Heritage Gallery ceremonially opened". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2014-09-30.

syr.edu

faculty.maxwell.syr.edu

Standing Buddhas: Image 1 Archived 2013-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, Image 2 Archived 2006-10-21 at the Wayback Machine

uni-heidelberg.de

archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de

Nattier, Jan (1992). "The Heart Sutra: A Chinese Apocryphal Text?". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies. 15 (2): 153–223. Archived from the original on 2016-02-11.

journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de

Skilling, Peter (Summer 1997). "The Advent of Theravada Buddhism to Mainland South-east Asia". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies. 20 (1): 93–107.

washington.edu

Salomon 1999, p. ^{[page needed]}. Salomon, Richard (1999). Ancient Buddhist Scrolls from Gandhāra: The British Library Kharosthī Fragments. Gandharan Buddhist Texts. Seattle: University of Washington Press; London: The British Library. ISBN 978-0-29597769-0. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
Salomon 1999, p. 181. Salomon, Richard (1999). Ancient Buddhist Scrolls from Gandhāra: The British Library Kharosthī Fragments. Gandharan Buddhist Texts. Seattle: University of Washington Press; London: The British Library. ISBN 978-0-29597769-0. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-04.

web.archive.org

"Afghanistan History – Mauryans & Graeco-Bactrians (c. 305 B.C. - 48 B.C.)". Afghanan Dot Net. Archived from the original on 2012-02-01.
Clement of Alexandria. "The Stromata, or Miscellanies". Book I, Chapter XV. Archived from the original on 2010-05-10. Retrieved 2010-08-11 – via Early Christian Writings.
"National Engineering Technological Heritage Gallery ceremonially opened". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2014-09-30.
"2. Ashoka and Pushyamitra, iconoclasts?". The Koneraad Elst Site. Archived from the original on 2017-04-01. Retrieved 2015-01-12.
Standing Buddhas: Image 1 Archived 2013-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, Image 2 Archived 2006-10-21 at the Wayback Machine
The Belvedere Apollo: Image Archived 2014-06-03 at the Wayback Machine
"Chapter XXIX – The Beginning of the Great Thupa". Mahavamsa. Archived from the original on 2006-09-05.
Salomon 1999, p. ^{[page needed]}. Salomon, Richard (1999). Ancient Buddhist Scrolls from Gandhāra: The British Library Kharosthī Fragments. Gandharan Buddhist Texts. Seattle: University of Washington Press; London: The British Library. ISBN 978-0-29597769-0. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
Salomon 1999, p. 181. Salomon, Richard (1999). Ancient Buddhist Scrolls from Gandhāra: The British Library Kharosthī Fragments. Gandharan Buddhist Texts. Seattle: University of Washington Press; London: The British Library. ISBN 978-0-29597769-0. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
Behrent, Kurt (April 2012). "Gandhara". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 2018-04-03.
Silk, Jonathan (2014). "The spread of Buddhism in Central Asia" (PDF). International Institute for Asian Studies, Newsletter (68). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-01-21. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
Kudara, Kogi (2002). "A Rough Sketch of Central Asian Buddhism". Pacific World: Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies. 3 (4): 93–107. Archived from the original on 2018-04-06. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
"Buddhism in Andhra Pradesh, story of Buddhism". Archived from the original on 2007-03-14. Retrieved 2006-06-27.
Berzin, Alexander (2000). "How Did Tibetan Buddhism Develop?". Archived from the original on 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-06-04.;
• Berzin, Alexander (1996). "Spread of Buddhism in Asia". Archived from the original on 2016-05-21. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
Berzin, Alexander. "Study Buddhism". Study Buddhism. Archived from the original on 2016-05-29. Retrieved 2016-05-28.^{[failed verification]}
"Buddhism in China: A Historical Overview" (PDF). Saylor.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-07-27. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
Oh, Kang-nam (2000). "The Taoist Influence on Hua-yen Buddhism: A Case of the Sinicization of Buddhism in China". Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal (13): 286. Archived from the original on 2010-03-23. Retrieved 2008-01-28.
"300 to 600 CE: Korea". Asia for Educators. Columbia University. Archived from the original on 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
Elizabeth Fuller Collins (28 May 2013). "Hinduism in Southeast Asia". Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780195399318-0112. Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Taw, Sein Ko (1892). The Kalyani Inscriptions Erected by King Dhammaceti at Pegu: Text and Translation (PDF) Archived 2012-10-22 at the Wayback Machine. Rangoon: The Superintendent, Government Printing, Burma. iv–v
Bhagwat, Ramu (19 December 2001). "Ambedkar memorial set up at Deekshabhoomi". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2013-10-16. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
NUPI – Centre for Russian Studies
"Major Branches of Religions Ranked by Number of Adherents". Adherents.com. Archived from the original on 2017-08-03. Lamaism (Vajrayana/Tibetan/Tantric) — 20,000,000
Fronsdal, Gil (1998). "Insight Meditation in the United States: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" (PDF). The Faces of Buddhism in America. By Prebish, C.S.; Tanaka, K.K. University of California Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-27.

wikiwix.com

archive.wikiwix.com

Nattier, Jan (1992). "The Heart Sutra: A Chinese Apocryphal Text?". Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies. 15 (2): 153–223. Archived from the original on 2016-02-11.