Ludwig Wittgenstein (English Wikipedia)

Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1958) [1953]. Philosophical Investigations. Translated by G. E. M. Anscombe. New York: MacMillan. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
Wittgenstein 1922, p. 167 (sec. 6.127). Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1922). Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. Kegan Paul. Original German and C. K. Ogden's English translation side by side.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1974). "Letters to George Edward Moore". In von Wright, G. F. (ed.). Letters to Russell, Keynes, and Moore. assisted by B. F. McGuinness. Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press. pp. 150, 151.
Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1961). von Wright, G. H.; Anscombe, G. E. M. (eds.). Notebooks, 1914-1916. English Translation by G. E. M. Anscombe. New York,: Harper.
Grayling, A. C. (2001). Wittgenstein: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 16ff. ISBN 978-0-19-285411-7.
McGuinness, Brian (1979). "Preface". In McGuinness, Brian (ed.). Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle: Conversations Recorded by Friedrich Waismann. translation by Joachim Schulte and Brian McGuinness. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. pp. 14–18.
Grayling, A. C. (22 February 2001). Wittgenstein: a very short introduction. Oxford. pp. 65–72. ISBN 0-19-285411-9. OCLC 46909597.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Waismann, Friedrich (1965). Harré, Rom (ed.). The principles of linguistic philosophy. Internet Archive. London : Macmillan ; New York : St. Martin's Press.
Braithwaite 1970, p. 30. Braithwaite, R. B. (1970). "George Edward Moore, 1873–1958". In Alice Ambrose; Morris Lazerowitz (eds.). G.E. Moore: Essays in Retrospect. Allen & Unwin.
Malcolm, Norman (1984). Ludwig Wittgenstein: A Memoir (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-19-924759-2. (p. 13 in the first edition)
Anscombe, G.E.M.; von Wright, G. H. (1969). "Preface". On Certainty. New York: Harper & Row. p. vi. ISBN 978-0-06-131686-9.
Wisdom, John (1953). Philosophy and Psycho-Analysis. Blackwell.

archive.ph

Gottlieb, Anthony (9 April 2009). "A Nervous Splendor". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on 8 January 2023.
Kirsch, Adam (11 June 2009). "The Wittgenstein Illusion". The New York Review of Books. Vol. 56, no. 10. ISSN 0028-7504. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2025.

blumology.net

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books.google.com

For his publications during his lifetime, see Monk (2005), p. 5. Monk, Ray (2005). How to Read Wittgenstein. W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-1-86207-724-9.
Bartley 1994, pp. 199–200. Bartley, William Warren (1994) [1973]. Wittgenstein. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-397-00751-6.
Monk 1990, pp. 4–5. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 5. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 7. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Chatterjee, Ranjit (2005). Wittgenstein and Judaism: A Triumph of Concealment. Peter Lang. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-8204-7256-0.
McGuinness 1988, p. 21. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
Bartley 1994, p. 16. Bartley, William Warren (1994) [1973]. Wittgenstein. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-397-00751-6.
Malcolm, Norman; Winch, Peter (1994). Wittgenstein: A Religious Point of View?. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-1-134-72579-3.
Monk 1990, p. 8. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
McGuinness 1988, p. 18. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
Redpath, Theodore (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: A Student's Memoir. London: Duckworth. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-7156-2329-9.
Monk 1990, pp. 442–443. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 14–15. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 11. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Waugh 2008, p. 38. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
Waugh 2008, p. 10. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
Waugh 2008, pp. 24–26. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
Monk 1990, p. 11ff. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 585: "Wittgenstein was uneasy, not about homosexuality, but about sexuality itself. Love, whether of a man or a woman, was something he treasured. He regarded it as a gift, almost as a divine gift. But, together with Weininger (whose Sex and Character spells out, I believe, many attitudes towards love and sex that are implicit in much that Wittgenstein said, wrote and did), he sharply differentiated love from sex. Sexual arousal, both homo- and heterosexual, troubled him enormously. He seemed to regard it as incompatible with the sort of person he wanted to be. What the coded remarks also reveal is the extraordinary extent to which Wittgenstein's love life and his sexual life went on only in his imagination." Monk 1990, p. 583: "In the coded remarks Wittgenstein does discuss his love for, first David Pinsent, then Francis Skinner, and finally Ben Richards (this is over a period of some thirty years or so), and in that sense they do 'corroborate' his homosexuality." Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Waugh 2008, pp. 22–23. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
Waugh 2008, p. 128. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
McGuinness 1988, p. 156. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
McGuinness 1988, pp. 51ff. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
Waugh 2008, p. 33. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
McGuinness 1988, p. 51. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
Hamann 2000, pp. 15–16, 79. Hamann, Brigitte (2000). Hitler's Vienna: A Dictator's Apprenticeship. Translated by Thornton, Thomas. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514053-8.
Monk 1990, p. 18. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 148. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 136. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 138. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 122. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 19–26. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Hamann 2000, p. 229. Hamann, Brigitte (2000). Hitler's Vienna: A Dictator's Apprenticeship. Translated by Thornton, Thomas. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514053-8.
Klagge 2001, pp. 221, 237. Klagge, James Carl, ed. (2001). Wittgenstein: Biography and Philosophy. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00868-6.
Goldstein 1999, pp. 167ff. Goldstein, Laurence (1999). Clear and Queer Thinking: Wittgenstein's Development and his Relevance to Modern Thought. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-9546-1.
Fitzgerald, Michael (2 August 2004). Autism and creativity: Is there a link between autism in men and exceptional ability?. Routledge. p. 308. ISBN 978-1-135-45340-4.
Kersaw, Ian (2000). "Hitler, 1889–1936". W. W. Norton & Company. p. 16ff. ISBN 978-0-393-32035-0.
Monk 1990, p. 15. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Hamann 2000, p. ^{[page needed]}. Hamann, Brigitte (2000). Hitler's Vienna: A Dictator's Apprenticeship. Translated by Thornton, Thomas. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514053-8.
Haidacher, Christoph; Schober, Richard (2006). Von Stadtstaaten und Imperien. Universitätsverlag Wagner. p. 140. ISBN 978-3-7030-0420-9.
Drury 1984, p. 161. Drury, Maurice O'Connor (1984). "Conversations with Wittgenstein". In Rhees, Rush (ed.). Recollections of Wittgenstein. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-287628-7.
Sluga & Stern 1996, p. 2. Sluga, Hans; Stern, David G. (1996). The Cambridge Companion to Wittgenstein. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-46591-5.
Sluga 2011, p. 14. Sluga, Hans (2011). Wittgenstein. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4443-4329-8.
Monk 1990, p. 27. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 29. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 30–35. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 30. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 36. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
McGuinness 1988, pp. 88–89. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
McGuinness 1988, p. 88. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
Monk 1990, p. 41. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Russell 1998, p. 282. Russell, Bertrand (1998). Autobiography. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-18985-9.
Nedo & Ranchetti 1983, p. 89. Nedo, Michael; Ranchetti, Michele, eds. (1983). Ludwig Wittgenstein: sein Leben in Bildern und Texten. Suhrkamp. ISBN 978-3-518-04673-9.
Monk 1990, p. 49. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 76. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 75. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Flowers & Ground 2015, p. 151. Flowers, F.A. III; Ground, Ian (2015). Portraits of Wittgenstein, Volume 1. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-4725-8978-1.
Monk 1990, p. 85. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 583–586. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 369. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 238–240, 258, 280–281, 294, 318–319. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Goldstein 1999, p. 179. Goldstein, Laurence (1999). Clear and Queer Thinking: Wittgenstein's Development and his Relevance to Modern Thought. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-9546-1.
Monk 1990, p. 58ff. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 71. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 96. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 262. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
McGuinness, Brian (30 April 2012). Wittgenstein in Cambridge: Letters and Documents 1911 - 1951. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 73, 75. ISBN 978-1-4443-5089-0.
Monk 1990, p. 103. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
McGuinness 1988, p. 200. McGuinness, Brian (1988). Wittgenstein: A Life: Young Ludwig 1889–1921. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06496-6. pp. 51ff
Monk 1990, pp. 137–142. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Waugh 2008, p. 114. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
Monk 1990, p. 137. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 154. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Klagge, James Carl (22 December 2010). Wittgenstein in Exile. MIT Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-262-01534-9.
Monk 1990, p. 141. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 141–142. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, pp. 44, 116, 382–384. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Monk 1990, p. 183. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Bartley 1994, pp. 33–39, 45. Bartley, William Warren (1994) [1973]. Wittgenstein. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-397-00751-6.
Bartley 1994, pp. 33–34. Bartley, William Warren (1994) [1973]. Wittgenstein. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-397-00751-6.
Monk 1990, p. 169. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Waugh 2008, p. 150. Waugh, Alexander (2008). The House of Wittgenstein: A Family at War. Random House of Canada. ISBN 978-1-4088-4202-7.
Klagge 2001, p. 185. Klagge, James Carl, ed. (2001). Wittgenstein: Biography and Philosophy. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00868-6.
Monk 1990, p. 195. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Bartley 1994, p. 107. Bartley, William Warren (1994) [1973]. Wittgenstein. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-397-00751-6.
Monk 1990, pp. 196, 198. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
Russell, Nieli (1987). Wittgenstein: From Mysticism to Ordinary Language. SUNY Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-4384-1471-3.
Monk 1990, p. 207. Monk, Ray (1990). Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius. Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4481-1267-8.
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For the number of words published in his lifetime, see Stern (2010). Stern, David (September 2010). "The Bergen Electronic Edition of Wittgenstein's Nachlass". European Journal of Philosophy. 18 (3): 455–467. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0378.2010.00425.x.
For example, Ramsey translated "Sachverhalt" and "Sachlage" as "atomic fact" and "state of affairs" respectively. But Wittgenstein discusses non-existent "Sachverhalten", and there cannot be a non-existent fact. Pears and McGuinness made a number of changes, including translating "Sachverhalt" as "state of affairs" and "Sachlage" as situation. The new translation is often preferred, but some philosophers use the original, in part because Wittgenstein approved it, and because it avoids the idiomatic English of Pears & McGuinness.^[186]
- For a discussion about the relative merits of the translations, see Morris, Michael Rowland (2008). "Introduction". Routledge philosophy guidebook to Wittgenstein and the Tractatus. Taylor & Francis. and Nelson, John O. (April 1999). "Is the Pears-McGuinness translation of the Tractatus really superior to Ogden's and Ramsey's?". Philosophical Investigations. 22 (2): 165–175. doi:10.1111/1467-9205.00092.
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- Lemco, Ian (22 January 2007). "Wittgenstein's Aeronautical Investigation". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 61 (1): 39–51. doi:10.1098/rsnr.2006.0163. JSTOR 20462605. S2CID 145564093.
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Another young mathematician with memories of an eccentric Wittgenstein was Freeman Dyson: "He invited me into his rooms one day ... I was thrilled. ... So I came in there, and there was one chair, and he invited me to sit down in it. It was a canvass deckchair, which meant I was practically lying horizontally ... and he was standing uncomfortably, waiting for me to say something. I found it acutely embarrassing, but ... I'd come in and so I thought I might as well try. And so eventually ... I said to him, 'Well, you know, I read the Tractatus. I'd be interested to know whether you still believe the things you said in the Tractatus, or have you changed your mind?' So Wittgenstein looked at me – very, very hostile fashion – 'Tell me, please: which newspaper do you represent?' That was the end of the conversation. There was another long silence, then I drank the coffee and left." "Freeman Dyson: Coming to Cambridge as a Fellow – Wittgenstein". Web of Stories. YouTube. 21 September 2016. Event occurs at 1:20. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
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