MNIST database (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "MNIST database" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

21doi.org

2^nd place

11semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

10arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

6web.archive.org

1^st place

6harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

5nih.gov

4^th place

5nist.gov

355^th place

454^th place

4github.com

383^rd place

320^th place

3lecun.com

low place

3neurips.cc

low place

3psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

3drive.google.com

1,343^rd place

1,354^th place

2worldcat.org

5^th place

1vision-systems.com

low place

1jhu.edu

699^th place

479^th place

1u-tokyo.ac.jp

1,856^th place

4,678^th place

1newsmth.net

low place

1s3.amazonaws.com

1,540^th place

958^th place

1sc.edu

5,559^th place

3,568^th place

1springer.com

274^th place

309^th place

1supsi.ch

low place

1vlabdownload.googlecode.com

low place

1icdar2011.org

low place

1in2p3.fr

low place

1r-project.org

7,871^st place

5,225^th place

1gitlab.com

low place

9,569^th place

1microsoft.com

153^rd place

151^st place

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Muller, Nicolas M.; Markert, Karla (July 2019). Identifying Mislabeled Instances in Classification Datasets. 2019 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE. pp. 1–8. arXiv:1912.05283. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2019.8851920. ISBN 978-1-7281-1985-4.
Yadav, Chhavi; Bottou, Leon (2019). "Cold Case: The Lost MNIST Digits". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 32. arXiv:1905.10498. Article has a detailed history and a reconstruction of the discarded testing set.
Cohen, G.; Afshar, S.; Tapson, J.; van Schaik, A. (2017). "EMNIST: an extension of MNIST to handwritten letters". arXiv:1702.05373 [cs.CV].
Xiao, Han; Rasul, Kashif; Vollgraf, Roland (2017-09-15). "Fashion-MNIST: a Novel Image Dataset for Benchmarking Machine Learning Algorithms". arXiv:1708.07747 [cs.LG].
Cires¸an, Dan; Ueli Meier; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2012). "Multi-column deep neural networks for image classification" (PDF). 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 3642–3649. arXiv:1202.2745. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.300.3283. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110. ISBN 978-1-4673-1228-8. S2CID 2161592.
SimpleNet (2016). "Lets Keep it simple, Using simple architectures to outperform deeper and more complex architectures". arXiv:1608.06037. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
SimpNet (2018). "Towards Principled Design of Deep Convolutional Networks: Introducing SimpNet". Github. arXiv:1802.06205. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
Ciresan, Claudiu Dan; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Juergen Schmidhuber (December 2010). "Deep Big Simple Neural Nets Excel on Handwritten Digit Recognition". Neural Computation. 22 (12): 3207–20. arXiv:1003.0358. doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00052. PMID 20858131. S2CID 1918673.
Hu, Jie; Shen, Li; Albanie, Samuel; Sun, Gang; Wu, Enhua (2019). "Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 42 (8): 2011–2023. arXiv:1709.01507. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2019.2913372. PMID 31034408. S2CID 140309863.
An, Sanghyeon; Lee, Minjun; Park, Sanglee; Yang, Heerin; So, Jungmin (2020-10-04). "An Ensemble of Simple Convolutional Neural Network Models for MNIST Digit Recognition". arXiv:2008.10400 [cs.CV].

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Kussul, Ernst; Baidyk, Tatiana (2004). "Improved method of handwritten digit recognition tested on MNIST database". Image and Vision Computing. 22 (12): 971–981. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2004.03.008.
Zhang, Bin; Srihari, Sargur N. (2004). "Fast k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Cluster-Based Trees" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 26 (4): 525–528. Bibcode:2004ITPAM..26..525Z. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2004.1265868. PMID 15382657. S2CID 6883417. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
LeCun, Yann; Léon Bottou; Yoshua Bengio; Patrick Haffner (1998). "Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document Recognition" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 86 (11): 2278–2324. Bibcode:1998IEEEP..86.2278L. doi:10.1109/5.726791. S2CID 14542261. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
Muller, Nicolas M.; Markert, Karla (July 2019). Identifying Mislabeled Instances in Classification Datasets. 2019 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE. pp. 1–8. arXiv:1912.05283. doi:10.1109/IJCNN.2019.8851920. ISBN 978-1-7281-1985-4.
LeCun, Y.; Boser, B.; Denker, J. S.; Henderson, D.; Howard, R. E.; Hubbard, W.; Jackel, L. D. (December 1989). "Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition". Neural Computation. 1 (4): 541–551. doi:10.1162/neco.1989.1.4.541. ISSN 0899-7667. S2CID 41312633.
Wilkinson, R Allen; Geist, Jon; Janet, Stanley; Grother, Patrick J; Burges, Christopher J C; Creecy, Robert; Hammond, Bob; Hull, Jonathan J; Larsen, Norman L (1992). The first census optical character recognition system conference. NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR) - 4912 (PDF) (Report). Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. doi:10.6028/nist.ir.4912.
Smith, S.J.; Bourgoin, M.O.; Sims, K.; Voorhees, H.L. (September 1994). "Handwritten character classification using nearest neighbor in large databases". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 16 (9): 915–919. Bibcode:1994ITPAM..16..915S. doi:10.1109/34.310689.
Grother, Patrick J. (1993-01-01). "Cross Validation Comparison of NIST OCR Databases". NIST. 1906: 296. Bibcode:1993SPIE.1906..296G. doi:10.1117/12.143632.
Bottou, Léon; Cortes, Corinna; Denker, John S.; Drucker, Harris; Guyon, Isabelle; Jackel, L. D.; LeCun, Y.; Muller, U. A.; Sackinger, E.; Simard, P.; Vapnik, V. (1994). "Comparison of classifier methods: A case study in handwritten digit recognition". Proceedings of the 12th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition (Cat. No.94CH3440-5). Vol. 2. Jerusalem, Israel. pp. 77–82. doi:10.1109/ICPR.1994.576879. ISBN 0-8186-6270-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Decoste, Dennis; Schölkopf, Bernhard (2002). "Training invariant support vector machines". Machine Learning. 46 (1/3): 161–190. doi:10.1023/A:1012454411458.
Cires¸an, Dan; Ueli Meier; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2012). "Multi-column deep neural networks for image classification" (PDF). 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 3642–3649. arXiv:1202.2745. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.300.3283. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110. ISBN 978-1-4673-1228-8. S2CID 2161592.
Kussul, Ernst; Tatiana Baidyk (2004). "Improved method of handwritten digit recognition tested on MNIST database" (PDF). Image and Vision Computing. 22 (12): 971–981. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2004.03.008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Ciresan, Dan Claudiu; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2011). "Convolutional neural network committees for handwritten character classification" (PDF). 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). pp. 1135–1139. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.465.2138. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2011.229. ISBN 978-1-4577-1350-7. S2CID 10122297. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Romanuke, Vadim (2016). "Training data expansion and boosting of convolutional neural networks for reducing the MNIST dataset error rate". Research Bulletin of NTUU "Kyiv Polytechnic Institute". 6 (6): 29–34. doi:10.20535/1810-0546.2016.6.84115.
Lindblad, Joakim; Nataša Sladoje (January 2014). "Linear time distances between fuzzy sets with applications to pattern matching and classification". IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 23 (1): 126–136. Bibcode:2014ITIP...23..126L. doi:10.1109/TIP.2013.2286904. PMID 24158476. S2CID 1908950.
Keysers, Daniel; Thomas Deselaers; Christian Gollan; Hermann Ney (August 2007). "Deformation models for image recognition". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 29 (8): 1422–1435. Bibcode:2007ITPAM..29.1422K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.106.3963. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1153. PMID 17568145. S2CID 2528485.
Kégl, Balázs; Róbert Busa-Fekete (2009). "Boosting products of base classifiers" (PDF). Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning. pp. 497–504. doi:10.1145/1553374.1553439. ISBN 9781605585161. S2CID 8460779. Retrieved 27 August 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}
Decoste, Dennis; Schölkopf, Bernhard (2002). "Training Invariant Support Vector Machines". Machine Learning. 46 (1–3): 161–190. doi:10.1023/A:1012454411458. ISSN 0885-6125. OCLC 703649027.
Patrice Y. Simard; Dave Steinkraus; John C. Platt (2003). "Best Practices for Convolutional Neural Networks Applied to Visual Document Analysis". Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. Vol. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. p. 958. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2003.1227801. ISBN 978-0-7695-1960-9. S2CID 4659176.
Ciresan, Claudiu Dan; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Juergen Schmidhuber (December 2010). "Deep Big Simple Neural Nets Excel on Handwritten Digit Recognition". Neural Computation. 22 (12): 3207–20. arXiv:1003.0358. doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00052. PMID 20858131. S2CID 1918673.
Hu, Jie; Shen, Li; Albanie, Samuel; Sun, Gang; Wu, Enhua (2019). "Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 42 (8): 2011–2023. arXiv:1709.01507. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2019.2913372. PMID 31034408. S2CID 140309863.

drive.google.com (Global: 1,343^rd place; English: 1,354^th place)

Romanuke, Vadim. "Parallel Computing Center (Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine) represents an ensemble of 5 convolutional neural networks which performs on MNIST at 0.21 percent error rate". Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Romanuke, Vadim. "The single convolutional neural network best performance in 18 epochs on the expanded training data at Parallel Computing Center, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine". Retrieved 16 November 2016.
Romanuke, Vadim. "Parallel Computing Center (Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine) gives a single convolutional neural network performing on MNIST at 0.27 percent error rate". Retrieved 24 November 2016.

github.com (Global: 383^rd place; English: 320^th place)

facebookresearch/qmnist, Meta Research, 2024-09-23, retrieved 2024-10-25
SimpleNet (2016). "Lets Keep it simple, Using simple architectures to outperform deeper and more complex architectures". arXiv:1608.06037. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
SimpNet (2018). "Towards Principled Design of Deep Convolutional Networks: Introducing SimpNet". Github. arXiv:1802.06205. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
"GitHub - Matuzas77/MNIST-0.17: MNIST classifier with average 0.17% error". GitHub. 25 February 2020.

gitlab.com (Global: low place; English: 9,569^th place)

"Mehrad Mahmoudian / MNIST with RandomForest".

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Zhang, Bin; Srihari, Sargur N. (2004). "Fast k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Cluster-Based Trees" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 26 (4): 525–528. Bibcode:2004ITPAM..26..525Z. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2004.1265868. PMID 15382657. S2CID 6883417. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
LeCun, Yann; Léon Bottou; Yoshua Bengio; Patrick Haffner (1998). "Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document Recognition" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 86 (11): 2278–2324. Bibcode:1998IEEEP..86.2278L. doi:10.1109/5.726791. S2CID 14542261. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
Smith, S.J.; Bourgoin, M.O.; Sims, K.; Voorhees, H.L. (September 1994). "Handwritten character classification using nearest neighbor in large databases". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 16 (9): 915–919. Bibcode:1994ITPAM..16..915S. doi:10.1109/34.310689.
Grother, Patrick J. (1993-01-01). "Cross Validation Comparison of NIST OCR Databases". NIST. 1906: 296. Bibcode:1993SPIE.1906..296G. doi:10.1117/12.143632.
Lindblad, Joakim; Nataša Sladoje (January 2014). "Linear time distances between fuzzy sets with applications to pattern matching and classification". IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 23 (1): 126–136. Bibcode:2014ITIP...23..126L. doi:10.1109/TIP.2013.2286904. PMID 24158476. S2CID 1908950.
Keysers, Daniel; Thomas Deselaers; Christian Gollan; Hermann Ney (August 2007). "Deformation models for image recognition". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 29 (8): 1422–1435. Bibcode:2007ITPAM..29.1422K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.106.3963. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1153. PMID 17568145. S2CID 2528485.

icdar2011.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Ciresan, Dan Claudiu; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2011). "Convolutional neural network committees for handwritten character classification" (PDF). 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). pp. 1135–1139. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.465.2138. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2011.229. ISBN 978-1-4577-1350-7. S2CID 10122297. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.

in2p3.fr (Global: low place; English: low place)

users.lal.in2p3.fr

Kégl, Balázs; Róbert Busa-Fekete (2009). "Boosting products of base classifiers" (PDF). Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning. pp. 497–504. doi:10.1145/1553374.1553439. ISBN 9781605585161. S2CID 8460779. Retrieved 27 August 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

cis.jhu.edu

Gangaputra, Sachin. "Handwritten digit database". Retrieved 17 August 2013.

lecun.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

yann.lecun.com

LeCun, Yann; Cortez, Corinna; Burges, Christopher C.J. "The MNIST Handwritten Digit Database". Yann LeCun's Website yann.lecun.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-30.
LeCun, Yann; Léon Bottou; Yoshua Bengio; Patrick Haffner (1998). "Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document Recognition" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 86 (11): 2278–2324. Bibcode:1998IEEEP..86.2278L. doi:10.1109/5.726791. S2CID 14542261. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
Ranzato, Marc'Aurelio; Christopher Poultney; Sumit Chopra; Yann LeCun (2006). "Efficient Learning of Sparse Representations with an Energy-Based Model" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 19: 1137–1144. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.

microsoft.com (Global: 153^rd place; English: 151^st place)

research.microsoft.com

Patrice Y. Simard; Dave Steinkraus; John C. Platt (2003). "Best Practices for Convolutional Neural Networks Applied to Visual Document Analysis". Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. Vol. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. p. 958. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2003.1227801. ISBN 978-0-7695-1960-9. S2CID 4659176.

neurips.cc (Global: low place; English: low place)

proceedings.neurips.cc

Denker, John; Gardner, W.; Graf, Hans; Henderson, Donnie; Howard, R.; Hubbard, W.; Jackel, L. D.; Baird, Henry; Guyon, Isabelle (1988). "Neural Network Recognizer for Hand-Written Zip Code Digits". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 1. Morgan-Kaufmann.
Simard, Patrice; LeCun, Yann; Denker, John (1992). "Efficient Pattern Recognition Using a New Transformation Distance". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 5. Morgan-Kaufmann.
Yadav, Chhavi; Bottou, Leon (2019). "Cold Case: The Lost MNIST Digits". Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 32. arXiv:1905.10498. Article has a detailed history and a reconstruction of the discarded testing set.

newsmth.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

ar.newsmth.net

Platt, John C. (1999). "Using analytic QP and sparseness to speed training of support vector machines" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems: 557–563. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Zhang, Bin; Srihari, Sargur N. (2004). "Fast k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Cluster-Based Trees" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 26 (4): 525–528. Bibcode:2004ITPAM..26..525Z. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2004.1265868. PMID 15382657. S2CID 6883417. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
Lindblad, Joakim; Nataša Sladoje (January 2014). "Linear time distances between fuzzy sets with applications to pattern matching and classification". IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 23 (1): 126–136. Bibcode:2014ITIP...23..126L. doi:10.1109/TIP.2013.2286904. PMID 24158476. S2CID 1908950.
Keysers, Daniel; Thomas Deselaers; Christian Gollan; Hermann Ney (August 2007). "Deformation models for image recognition". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 29 (8): 1422–1435. Bibcode:2007ITPAM..29.1422K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.106.3963. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1153. PMID 17568145. S2CID 2528485.
Ciresan, Claudiu Dan; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Juergen Schmidhuber (December 2010). "Deep Big Simple Neural Nets Excel on Handwritten Digit Recognition". Neural Computation. 22 (12): 3207–20. arXiv:1003.0358. doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00052. PMID 20858131. S2CID 1918673.
Hu, Jie; Shen, Li; Albanie, Samuel; Sun, Gang; Wu, Enhua (2019). "Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 42 (8): 2011–2023. arXiv:1709.01507. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2019.2913372. PMID 31034408. S2CID 140309863.

nist.gov (Global: 355^th place; English: 454^th place)

nist.gov

Grother, Patrick J. (1993-01-01). "Cross Validation Comparison of NIST OCR Databases". NIST. 1906: 296. Bibcode:1993SPIE.1906..296G. doi:10.1117/12.143632.
NIST (4 April 2017). "The EMNIST Dataset". NIST. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
NIST (27 August 2010). "NIST Special Database 19". NIST. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
Grother, Patrick J., and K. K. Hanaoka. "NIST special database 19." Handprinted forms and characters database, National Institute of Standards and Technology 10 (1995): 69.

nvlpubs.nist.gov

Wilkinson, R Allen; Geist, Jon; Janet, Stanley; Grother, Patrick J; Burges, Christopher J C; Creecy, Robert; Hammond, Bob; Hull, Jonathan J; Larsen, Norman L (1992). The first census optical character recognition system conference. NIST Interagency/Internal Report (NISTIR) - 4912 (PDF) (Report). Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology. doi:10.6028/nist.ir.4912.

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Cires¸an, Dan; Ueli Meier; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2012). "Multi-column deep neural networks for image classification" (PDF). 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 3642–3649. arXiv:1202.2745. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.300.3283. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110. ISBN 978-1-4673-1228-8. S2CID 2161592.
Ciresan, Dan Claudiu; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2011). "Convolutional neural network committees for handwritten character classification" (PDF). 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). pp. 1135–1139. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.465.2138. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2011.229. ISBN 978-1-4577-1350-7. S2CID 10122297. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Keysers, Daniel; Thomas Deselaers; Christian Gollan; Hermann Ney (August 2007). "Deformation models for image recognition". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 29 (8): 1422–1435. Bibcode:2007ITPAM..29.1422K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.106.3963. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1153. PMID 17568145. S2CID 2528485.

r-project.org (Global: 7,871^st place; English: 5,225^th place)

cran.r-project.org

"RandomForestSRC: Fast Unified Random Forests for Survival, Regression, and Classification (RF-SRC)". 21 January 2020.

s3.amazonaws.com (Global: 1,540^th place; English: 958^th place)

Grother, Patrick J. "NIST Special Database 19 - Handprinted Forms and Characters Database" (PDF). National Institute of Standards and Technology.

sc.edu (Global: 5,559^th place; English: 3,568^th place)

mleg.cse.sc.edu

Zhang, Bin; Srihari, Sargur N. (2004). "Fast k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Cluster-Based Trees" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 26 (4): 525–528. Bibcode:2004ITPAM..26..525Z. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2004.1265868. PMID 15382657. S2CID 6883417. Retrieved 20 April 2020.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Zhang, Bin; Srihari, Sargur N. (2004). "Fast k-Nearest Neighbor Classification Using Cluster-Based Trees" (PDF). IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 26 (4): 525–528. Bibcode:2004ITPAM..26..525Z. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2004.1265868. PMID 15382657. S2CID 6883417. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
LeCun, Yann; Léon Bottou; Yoshua Bengio; Patrick Haffner (1998). "Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document Recognition" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 86 (11): 2278–2324. Bibcode:1998IEEEP..86.2278L. doi:10.1109/5.726791. S2CID 14542261. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
LeCun, Y.; Boser, B.; Denker, J. S.; Henderson, D.; Howard, R. E.; Hubbard, W.; Jackel, L. D. (December 1989). "Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition". Neural Computation. 1 (4): 541–551. doi:10.1162/neco.1989.1.4.541. ISSN 0899-7667. S2CID 41312633.
Cires¸an, Dan; Ueli Meier; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2012). "Multi-column deep neural networks for image classification" (PDF). 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 3642–3649. arXiv:1202.2745. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.300.3283. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110. ISBN 978-1-4673-1228-8. S2CID 2161592.
Ciresan, Dan Claudiu; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2011). "Convolutional neural network committees for handwritten character classification" (PDF). 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). pp. 1135–1139. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.465.2138. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2011.229. ISBN 978-1-4577-1350-7. S2CID 10122297. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Lindblad, Joakim; Nataša Sladoje (January 2014). "Linear time distances between fuzzy sets with applications to pattern matching and classification". IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. 23 (1): 126–136. Bibcode:2014ITIP...23..126L. doi:10.1109/TIP.2013.2286904. PMID 24158476. S2CID 1908950.
Keysers, Daniel; Thomas Deselaers; Christian Gollan; Hermann Ney (August 2007). "Deformation models for image recognition". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 29 (8): 1422–1435. Bibcode:2007ITPAM..29.1422K. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.106.3963. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2007.1153. PMID 17568145. S2CID 2528485.
Kégl, Balázs; Róbert Busa-Fekete (2009). "Boosting products of base classifiers" (PDF). Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning. pp. 497–504. doi:10.1145/1553374.1553439. ISBN 9781605585161. S2CID 8460779. Retrieved 27 August 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}
Patrice Y. Simard; Dave Steinkraus; John C. Platt (2003). "Best Practices for Convolutional Neural Networks Applied to Visual Document Analysis". Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. Vol. 1. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. p. 958. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2003.1227801. ISBN 978-0-7695-1960-9. S2CID 4659176.
Ciresan, Claudiu Dan; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Juergen Schmidhuber (December 2010). "Deep Big Simple Neural Nets Excel on Handwritten Digit Recognition". Neural Computation. 22 (12): 3207–20. arXiv:1003.0358. doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00052. PMID 20858131. S2CID 1918673.
Hu, Jie; Shen, Li; Albanie, Samuel; Sun, Gang; Wu, Enhua (2019). "Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 42 (8): 2011–2023. arXiv:1709.01507. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2019.2913372. PMID 31034408. S2CID 140309863.

springer.com (Global: 274^th place; English: 309^th place)

link.springer.com

Decoste, Dennis; Schölkopf, Bernhard (2002). "Training invariant support vector machines". Machine Learning. 46 (1/3): 161–190. doi:10.1023/A:1012454411458.

supsi.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

repository.supsi.ch

Cires¸an, Dan; Ueli Meier; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2012). "Multi-column deep neural networks for image classification" (PDF). 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. pp. 3642–3649. arXiv:1202.2745. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.300.3283. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110. ISBN 978-1-4673-1228-8. S2CID 2161592.

u-tokyo.ac.jp (Global: 1,856^th place; English: 4,678^th place)

gavo.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Qiao, Yu (2007). "The MNIST Database of handwritten digits". Retrieved 18 August 2013.

vision-systems.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Support vector machines speed pattern recognition - Vision Systems Design". Vision Systems Design. September 2004. Retrieved 17 August 2013.

vlabdownload.googlecode.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kussul, Ernst; Tatiana Baidyk (2004). "Improved method of handwritten digit recognition tested on MNIST database" (PDF). Image and Vision Computing. 22 (12): 971–981. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2004.03.008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2013.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

LeCun, Yann; Cortez, Corinna; Burges, Christopher C.J. "The MNIST Handwritten Digit Database". Yann LeCun's Website yann.lecun.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-30.
Platt, John C. (1999). "Using analytic QP and sparseness to speed training of support vector machines" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems: 557–563. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
LeCun, Yann; Léon Bottou; Yoshua Bengio; Patrick Haffner (1998). "Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document Recognition" (PDF). Proceedings of the IEEE. 86 (11): 2278–2324. Bibcode:1998IEEEP..86.2278L. doi:10.1109/5.726791. S2CID 14542261. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
Kussul, Ernst; Tatiana Baidyk (2004). "Improved method of handwritten digit recognition tested on MNIST database" (PDF). Image and Vision Computing. 22 (12): 971–981. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2004.03.008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Ranzato, Marc'Aurelio; Christopher Poultney; Sumit Chopra; Yann LeCun (2006). "Efficient Learning of Sparse Representations with an Energy-Based Model" (PDF). Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 19: 1137–1144. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Ciresan, Dan Claudiu; Ueli Meier; Luca Maria Gambardella; Jürgen Schmidhuber (2011). "Convolutional neural network committees for handwritten character classification" (PDF). 2011 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR). pp. 1135–1139. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.465.2138. doi:10.1109/ICDAR.2011.229. ISBN 978-1-4577-1350-7. S2CID 10122297. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2013.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

LeCun, Y.; Boser, B.; Denker, J. S.; Henderson, D.; Howard, R. E.; Hubbard, W.; Jackel, L. D. (December 1989). "Backpropagation Applied to Handwritten Zip Code Recognition". Neural Computation. 1 (4): 541–551. doi:10.1162/neco.1989.1.4.541. ISSN 0899-7667. S2CID 41312633.
Decoste, Dennis; Schölkopf, Bernhard (2002). "Training Invariant Support Vector Machines". Machine Learning. 46 (1–3): 161–190. doi:10.1023/A:1012454411458. ISSN 0885-6125. OCLC 703649027.

MNIST database (English Wikipedia)

arxiv.org (Global: 69th place; English: 59th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

drive.google.com (Global: 1,343rd place; English: 1,354th place)

github.com (Global: 383rd place; English: 320th place)

gitlab.com (Global: low place; English: 9,569th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

icdar2011.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

in2p3.fr (Global: low place; English: low place)

users.lal.in2p3.fr

jhu.edu (Global: 699th place; English: 479th place)

cis.jhu.edu

lecun.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

yann.lecun.com

microsoft.com (Global: 153rd place; English: 151st place)

research.microsoft.com

neurips.cc (Global: low place; English: low place)

proceedings.neurips.cc

newsmth.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

ar.newsmth.net

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nist.gov (Global: 355th place; English: 454th place)

nist.gov

nvlpubs.nist.gov

psu.edu (Global: 207th place; English: 136th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

r-project.org (Global: 7,871st place; English: 5,225th place)

cran.r-project.org

s3.amazonaws.com (Global: 1,540th place; English: 958th place)

sc.edu (Global: 5,559th place; English: 3,568th place)

mleg.cse.sc.edu

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

springer.com (Global: 274th place; English: 309th place)

link.springer.com

supsi.ch (Global: low place; English: low place)

repository.supsi.ch

u-tokyo.ac.jp (Global: 1,856th place; English: 4,678th place)

gavo.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

vision-systems.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

vlabdownload.googlecode.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

drive.google.com (Global: 1,343^rd place; English: 1,354^th place)

github.com (Global: 383^rd place; English: 320^th place)

gitlab.com (Global: low place; English: 9,569^th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

microsoft.com (Global: 153^rd place; English: 151^st place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

nist.gov (Global: 355^th place; English: 454^th place)

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

r-project.org (Global: 7,871^st place; English: 5,225^th place)

s3.amazonaws.com (Global: 1,540^th place; English: 958^th place)

sc.edu (Global: 5,559^th place; English: 3,568^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

springer.com (Global: 274^th place; English: 309^th place)

u-tokyo.ac.jp (Global: 1,856^th place; English: 4,678^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)