Manhattan Project (English Wikipedia)

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Bernstein 1976, p. 211. Bernstein, Barton J. (June 1976). "The Uneasy Alliance: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Atomic Bomb, 1940–1945". The Western Political Quarterly. 29 (2). University of Utah: 202–230. doi:10.2307/448105. JSTOR 448105.
Bernstein 1976, pp. 213. Bernstein, Barton J. (June 1976). "The Uneasy Alliance: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Atomic Bomb, 1940–1945". The Western Political Quarterly. 29 (2). University of Utah: 202–230. doi:10.2307/448105. JSTOR 448105.
Bernstein 1976, pp. 216–217. Bernstein, Barton J. (June 1976). "The Uneasy Alliance: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Atomic Bomb, 1940–1945". The Western Political Quarterly. 29 (2). University of Utah: 202–230. doi:10.2307/448105. JSTOR 448105.
Bernstein 1976, pp. 223–224. Bernstein, Barton J. (June 1976). "The Uneasy Alliance: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Atomic Bomb, 1940–1945". The Western Political Quarterly. 29 (2). University of Utah: 202–230. doi:10.2307/448105. JSTOR 448105.
"FRONTIERS Research Highlights 1946–1996" (PDF). Office of Public Affairs, Argonne National Laboratory. 1996. p. 11. doi:10.2172/770687. OSTI 770687.
Walsh, John (19 June 1981). "A Manhattan Project Postscript" (PDF). Science. 212 (4501): 1369–1371. Bibcode:1981Sci...212.1369W. doi:10.1126/science.212.4501.1369. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17746246. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
Kemp 2012, pp. 281–287, 291–297. Kemp, R. Scott (April 2012). "The End of Manhattan: How the Gas Centrifuge Changed the Quest for Nuclear Weapons". Technology and Culture. 53 (2): 272–305. doi:10.1353/tech.2012.0046. ISSN 0040-165X.
Hawkins, Truslow & Smith 1961, p. 203. Hawkins, David; Truslow, Edith C.; Smith, Ralph Carlisle (1961). Manhattan District history, Project Y, the Los Alamos story, Vol. 2. Los Angeles: Tomash Publishers. doi:10.2172/1087645. OSTI 1087645. Originally published as Los Alamos Report LAMS-2532
Hawkins, Truslow & Smith 1961, pp. 95–98. Hawkins, David; Truslow, Edith C.; Smith, Ralph Carlisle (1961). Manhattan District history, Project Y, the Los Alamos story, Vol. 2. Los Angeles: Tomash Publishers. doi:10.2172/1087645. OSTI 1087645. Originally published as Los Alamos Report LAMS-2532
Hawkins, Truslow & Smith 1961, pp. 214–216. Hawkins, David; Truslow, Edith C.; Smith, Ralph Carlisle (1961). Manhattan District history, Project Y, the Los Alamos story, Vol. 2. Los Angeles: Tomash Publishers. doi:10.2172/1087645. OSTI 1087645. Originally published as Los Alamos Report LAMS-2532
Home & Low 1993, p. 537. Home, R. W.; Low, Morris F. (September 1993). "Postwar Scientific Intelligence Missions to Japan". Isis. 84 (3): 527–537. doi:10.1086/356550. JSTOR 235645.
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Archer, B. J. (3 December 2021). "The Los Alamos Computing Facility During the Manhattan Project". Nuclear Technology. 207 (sup1): S190–S203. arXiv:2103.05705. doi:10.1080/00295450.2021.1940060. ISSN 0029-5450. Retrieved 13 March 2025.

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Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 16–20. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 20. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 21. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 40–41. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 33–35, 183. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 42. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 39–40. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 43–44. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 45. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 76–78. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 103. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 81. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 116–117. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 230–232. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 201–202. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 85–86. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 285–288. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 291–292. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 87–88. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 22–23. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 30. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 64. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 96–97. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 153. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 30–32, 96–98 Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 108. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 126–127. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 170–172. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 300–302. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 208–210. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 211. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 222–226. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 216–217. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 304–307. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 184–185. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 204–205. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 219–222. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 312–313. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 246. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 311. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 235. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 244–245. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 318–319. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 399–400. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 624. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 630, 646 Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 625. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 723–724. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 723. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 633–637. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 655. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.

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Smyth 1945, pp. 154–156. Smyth, Henry DeWolf (1945). Atomic Energy for Military Purposes: the Official Report on the Development of the Atomic Bomb under the Auspices of the United States Government, 1940–1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. OCLC 770285.
Jones 1985, p. 157. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 22–23. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 30. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 64. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
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Nichols 1987, p. 64. Nichols, Kenneth David (1987). The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made. New York: William Morrow and Co. ISBN 0-688-06910-X. OCLC 15223648.
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Jones 1985, pp. 117–119. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Smyth 1945, pp. 164–165. Smyth, Henry DeWolf (1945). Atomic Energy for Military Purposes: the Official Report on the Development of the Atomic Bomb under the Auspices of the United States Government, 1940–1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. OCLC 770285.
Fine & Remington 1972, p. 684. Fine, Lenore; Remington, Jesse A. (1972). The Corps of Engineers: Construction in the United States (PDF). Washington, DC: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 834187. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
Nichols 1987, p. 42. Nichols, Kenneth David (1987). The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made. New York: William Morrow and Co. ISBN 0-688-06910-X. OCLC 15223648.
Jones 1985, p. 133. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 153. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 126–132. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, pp. 138–139. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, p. 140. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Nichols 1987, p. 131. Nichols, Kenneth David (1987). The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made. New York: William Morrow and Co. ISBN 0-688-06910-X. OCLC 15223648.
Jones 1985, pp. 143–148. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 30–32, 96–98 Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 108. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 150–151. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, pp. 154–157. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 126–127. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 158–165. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, pp. 167–171. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Smyth 1945, pp. 161–162. Smyth, Henry DeWolf (1945). Atomic Energy for Military Purposes: the Official Report on the Development of the Atomic Bomb under the Auspices of the United States Government, 1940–1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. OCLC 770285.
Jones 1985, p. 172. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, pp. 175–177. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 170–172. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 178–179. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, pp. 180–183. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 300–302. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hansen 1995b, p. V-112. Hansen, Chuck (1995b). Volume V: US Nuclear Weapons Histories. Swords of Armageddon: US Nuclear Weapons Development since 1945. Sunnyvale, CA: Chukelea Publications. ISBN 978-0-9791915-0-3. OCLC 231585284.
Smyth 1945, pp. 130–132. Smyth, Henry DeWolf (1945). Atomic Energy for Military Purposes: the Official Report on the Development of the Atomic Bomb under the Auspices of the United States Government, 1940–1945. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. OCLC 770285.
Jones 1985, pp. 204–206. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 208–210. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 211. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, p. 209. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Groves 1962, pp. 78–82. Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. OCLC 537684.
Jones 1985, p. 210. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 222–226. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Thayer 1996, p. 139. Thayer, Harry (1996). Management of the Hanford Engineer Works In World War II: How the Corps, DuPont and the Metallurgical Laboratory Fast Tracked the Original Plutonium Works. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers Press. ISBN 978-0-7844-0160-6. OCLC 34323402.
Hanford Cultural and Historic Resources Program 2002, p. 1.16 Hanford Cultural and Historic Resources Program (2002). History of the Plutonium Production Facilities, 1943–1990. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. OCLC 52282810.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 216–217. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 304–307. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 220–223. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Howes & Herzenberg 1999, p. 45. Howes, Ruth H.; Herzenberg, Caroline L. (1999). Their Day in the Sun: Women of the Manhattan Project. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. ISBN 1-56639-719-7. OCLC 49569088.
Libby 1979, pp. 182–183. Libby, Leona Marshall (1979). Uranium People. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 0-684-16242-3. OCLC 4665032.
Thayer 1996, p. 10. Thayer, Harry (1996). Management of the Hanford Engineer Works In World War II: How the Corps, DuPont and the Metallurgical Laboratory Fast Tracked the Original Plutonium Works. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers Press. ISBN 978-0-7844-0160-6. OCLC 34323402.
Thayer 1996, p. 141. Thayer, Harry (1996). Management of the Hanford Engineer Works In World War II: How the Corps, DuPont and the Metallurgical Laboratory Fast Tracked the Original Plutonium Works. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers Press. ISBN 978-0-7844-0160-6. OCLC 34323402.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 184–185. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 204–205. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 214–216. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, p. 212. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Thayer 1996, p. 11. Thayer, Harry (1996). Management of the Hanford Engineer Works In World War II: How the Corps, DuPont and the Metallurgical Laboratory Fast Tracked the Original Plutonium Works. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers Press. ISBN 978-0-7844-0160-6. OCLC 34323402.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 219–222. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 226–229, 237 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 242–244 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 312–313. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 246. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 129–130 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 130–131 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 245–248 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 311. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, p. 245 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 294–296 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, p. 299 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hansen 1995b, p. V-123. Hansen, Chuck (1995b). Volume V: US Nuclear Weapons Histories. Swords of Armageddon: US Nuclear Weapons Development since 1945. Sunnyvale, CA: Chukelea Publications. ISBN 978-0-9791915-0-3. OCLC 231585284.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 301–307 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Alvarez 1987, pp. 131–136 Alvarez, Luis (1987). Alvarez: Adventures of a Physicist. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-00115-7. OCLC 15015311.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 148–154 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hansen 1995a, p. I-298. Hansen, Chuck (1995a). Volume I: The Development of US Nuclear Weapons. Swords of Armageddon: US Nuclear Weapons Development since 1945. Sunnyvale, CA: Chukelea Publications. ISBN 978-0-9791915-1-0. OCLC 231585284.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 235. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Gilbert 1969, pp. 3–4. Gilbert, Keith V. (1969). History of the Dayton Project (PDF). Miamisburg, OH: Mound Laboratory, Atomic Energy Commission. OCLC 650540359. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 308–310 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 244–245. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, p. 288 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, p. 290 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 330–331 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 245–249. Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Rhodes 1986, p. 541. Rhodes, Richard (1986). The Making of the Atomic Bomb. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-44133-7. OCLC 13793436.
Jones 1985, p. 465. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 318–319. Hewlett, Richard G.; Anderson, Oscar E. (1962). The New World, 1939–1946 (PDF). University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. OCLC 637004643. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Jones 1985, pp. 478–481. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, p. 512. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 360–362 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 174–175 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 365–367 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 367–370 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Hoddeson et al. 1993, pp. 372–374 Hoddeson, Lillian; Henriksen, Paul W.; Meade, Roger A.; Westfall, Catherine L. (1993). Critical Assembly: A Technical History of Los Alamos During the Oppenheimer Years, 1943–1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-44132-2. OCLC 26764320.
Jones 1985, pp. 514–517. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jungk 1958, p. 201. Jungk, Robert (1958). Brighter than a Thousand Suns: A Personal History of the Atomic Scientists. New York: Harcourt Brace. OCLC 181321.
Barnett, Lincoln. "J. Robert Oppenheimer". Life. p. 133. ISSN 0024-3019. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
Groves 1962, pp. 303–304. Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. OCLC 537684.
Jones 1985, p. 344. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Howes & Herzenberg 1999, pp. 14–15: "On the basis of numbers alone, women were important at all the project sites. They accounted for 9 percent of the 51,000 employees at Hanford in 1944, when the site's staff was at its largest. At Los Alamos, when tight security made it difficult to hire people who did not already live on the site, opportunities for women may have been even greater. In September 1943, some sixty women worked in the Technical Area at Los Alamos. By October 1944, about 30 percent, or 200 members of the labor for in the Tech Area, the hospital, and the schools were women. Of these, twenty could be described as scientists and fifty as technicians. ... The number of women working on the Manhattan Project contrasts sharply with the Apollo Project of the 1960s, which was comparable in size and scope. At its peak in 1965, when Apollo engaged 5.4 percent of the national supply of scientists and engineers, women accounted for only 3 percent of NASA's scientific and engineering staff." Howes, Ruth H.; Herzenberg, Caroline L. (1999). Their Day in the Sun: Women of the Manhattan Project. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. ISBN 1-56639-719-7. OCLC 49569088.
Jones 1985, p. 353. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, pp. 349–350. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, p. 358. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, p. 361. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Nichols 1987, p. 123. Nichols, Kenneth David (1987). The Road to Trinity: A Personal Account of How America's Nuclear Policies Were Made. New York: William Morrow and Co. ISBN 0-688-06910-X. OCLC 15223648.
Jones 1985, p. 410. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Jones 1985, p. 430. Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). United States Army in World War II. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Retrieved 30 September 2025.
Wellerstein 2021, pp. 43, 52–96 Wellerstein, Alex (2021). Restricted Data: The History of Nuclear Secrecy in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-02038-9. OCLC 1178870332.
Groves 1962, p. 140. Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. OCLC 537684.
Roberts, Sam (29 September 2014). "The Difficulties of Nuclear Containment". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
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