Mixin Network (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Mixin Network" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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125web.archive.org

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13doi.org

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10theguardian.com

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6reuters.com

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2parity.io

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1europa.eu

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1arxiv.org

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1bleepingcomputer.com

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1rollingstone.com

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altcoins.com

"Scamcoins". August 2013. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014.

archive.today

"'Evil mastermind of cyberscam was Ellis Pinsky, 15'". The Times (Archived). 25 May 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-09-13. Retrieved 2023-09-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

arstechnica.com

Goodin, Dan (2022-02-04). "How $323M in crypto was stolen from a blockchain bridge called Wormhole". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
Farivar, Cyris (October 5, 2017). GW Miners founder owes nearly $10 million to SEC over Bitcoin fraud]. Archived from the original on 2017-12-29. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
"You're infected—if you want to see your data again, pay us $300 in Bitcoins". Ars Technica. 17 October 2013. Archived from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2013.

arxiv.org

Caprolu, Maurantonio; Raponi, Simone; Oligeri, Gabriele; Di Pietro, Roberto (2021-04-01). "Cryptomining makes noise: Detecting cryptojacking via Machine Learning". Computer Communications. 171: 126–139. arXiv:1910.09272. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2021.02.016. S2CID 233402711.

aura.com

"The Pig Butchering Scam: 10 Common Warning Signs". www.aura.com. Archived from the original on 2024-05-27. Retrieved 2023-11-03.

bbc.co.uk

"Silk Road 2 loses $2.7m in bitcoins in alleged hack". BBC News. 14 February 2014. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2014.

bbc.com

"Bitcoin exchange Youbit shuts after second hack attack". BBC. 19 December 2017. Archived from the original on 6 May 2024. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
"Sandwell Bitcoin mine found stealing electricity". BBC News. 2021-05-28. Archived from the original on 2022-06-24. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
"MtGox bitcoin exchange files for bankruptcy". bbc.com. BBC. 28 February 2014. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2014.
See Mukherjee, Sanmoy; Larkin, Charles; Corbet, Shaen (2022). "Cryptocurrency Ponzi schemes". In Corbet, Shaen (ed.). Understanding Cryptocurrency Fraud. The challenges and headwinds to regulate digital currencies. Boston/Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 112. ISBN 978-3-11-071688-7. as well as Bartlett, Jamie (24 November 2019). "Cryptoqueen: How this woman scammed the world, then vanished". BBC News. Archived from the original on 21 December 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
"The Kenyans lured to become unwitting 'love' fraudsters". BBC News. 2022-11-26. Archived from the original on 2022-11-26. Retrieved 2022-11-26.

bjnews.com.cn

Liu, Sijie; Liu, Jingyu (27 February 2019). "东南亚"杀猪盘"："爱情"圈养的网络骗局" (in Chinese). The Beijing News. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.

bleepingcomputer.com

"Coinhive domain repurposed to warn visitors of hacked sites, routers". BleepingComputer. Archived from the original on 2022-12-09. Retrieved 2021-04-17.

blockchainstories.com

Koop, Klaas (2025-04-29). "Crypto criminaliteit blijft groeien ondanks strengere regelgeving". Blockchain Stories (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-04-29.

bloomberg.com

"Coincheck Says It Lost Crypto Coins Valued at About $400 Million". Bloomberg L.P. January 26, 2018. Archived from the original on 2022-08-23. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
Eric Lam, Jiyeun Lee, and Jordan Robertson (10 June 2018), Cryptocurrencies Lose $42 Billion After South Korean Bourse Hack, Bloomberg News, archived from the original on 12 June 2018, retrieved 12 June 2018{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Reidy, Gearoid (2018-09-19). "Hackers Steal $60 Million From Japanese Crypto Exchange Zaif". Bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on 2021-05-26. Retrieved 2018-09-20.
"When Crypto Scammers Stole $23 Million, This Victim Found Them". Bloomberg. 7 December 2022.

research.bloomberg.com

Cryptoasset Market Coverage Initiation: Network Creation (Report). Satis Group. 11 July 2018. p. 24. Archived from the original on 16 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023. See Nestarcova, Dominika (2019). A Critical Appraisal of Initial Coin Offerings. Lifting the "Digital Token's Veil". Leiden/Boston: Brill. p. 43. ISBN 978-90-04-41657-4.

ccn.com

Young, Joseph (2017-06-24). "Cornell Professor: $150 Million Bancor is Flawed". CCN.com. Archived from the original on 2022-03-02. Retrieved 2022-03-02.

cfo.com

ww2.cfo.com

Heller, Matthew (4 August 2016). "Bitfinex Hack Fuels Bitcoin Security Concerns -". CFO. Archived from the original on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2017.

chainalysis.com

blog.chainalysis.com

"Crime and NFTs: Chainalysis Detects Significant Wash Trading and Some NFT Money Laundering In this Emerging Asset Class". Chainalysis. February 2, 2022. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

chainalysis.com

Crypto Scam Revenue 2024: Pig Butchering Grows Nearly 40% YoY as Fraud Industry Leverages AI and Increases in Sophistication., chainalysis.com, 13 Feb 2025.

ciphertrace.com

Chavez-Dreyfuss, Gertrude (30 April 2019). "Cryptocurrency thefts, fraud hit $1.2 billion in first quarter: report". Reuters. Archived from the original on 30 July 2019. Retrieved 8 June 2019. Original reports: Schlabach, Adam (2019-01-29). "Cryptocurrency Anti-Money Laundering Report – Q4 2018". CipherTrace. Archived from the original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved 2019-06-08., Schlabach, Adam (2019-05-01). "Q1 2019 Cryptocurrency Anti-Money Laundering Report". CipherTrace. Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2019-06-08.

cnbc.com

Browne, Ryan (2017-12-07). "More than $60 million worth of bitcoin potentially stolen after hack on cryptocurrency site". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2017-12-12. Retrieved 2022-03-03.
Haselton, Todd (2017-12-19). "A South Korean cryptocurrency exchange files for bankruptcy after hack, says users will get 75% of assets for now". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2022-09-06. Retrieved 2022-03-02.
Browne, Ryan (2021-08-19). "More than $90 million in cryptocurrency stolen after a top Japanese exchange is hacked". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2022-08-26. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
Sigalos, MacKenzie (2022-01-07). "Iranian immigrant lost $53,000 in crypto hack, says he faces ruin if BitMart doesn't pay him back". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2022-09-24. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
Sigalos, MacKenzie (2025-02-21). "Hackers steal $1.5 billion from exchange Bybit in biggest-ever crypto heist". CNBC. Retrieved 2025-02-22.
Rooney, Kate (2018-06-07). "$1.1 billion in cryptocurrency has been stolen this year, and it was apparently easy to do". CNBC. Archived from the original on 2018-09-06. Retrieved 2018-09-06.

cnn.com

money.cnn.com

Iyengar, Rishi (2017-12-07). "More than $70 million stolen in bitcoin hack". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 2022-09-20. Retrieved 2022-03-02.
Shane, Daniel (2018-06-11). "Billions in cryptocurrency wealth wiped out after hack". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 2018-07-11. Retrieved 2022-03-02.
Larson, Selena (2018-02-22). "Cryptojackers are hacking websites to mine cryptocurrencies". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 2022-12-09. Retrieved 2021-04-17.

cnn.com

Lyngaas, Sean (2023-04-09). "Inside the international sting operation to catch North Korean crypto hackers | CNN Politics". CNN. Archived from the original on 2023-04-21. Retrieved 2023-04-21.

computerworld.com

Keizer, Gregg (28 February 2014). "Bitcoin malware count soars as cryptocurrency value climbs". Computerworld. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

doi.org

Lachtar, Nada; Elkhail, Abdulrahman Abu; Bacha, Anys; Malik, Hafiz (2020-07-01). "A Cross-Stack Approach Towards Defending Against Cryptojacking". IEEE Computer Architecture Letters. 19 (2): 126–129. doi:10.1109/LCA.2020.3017457. ISSN 1556-6056. S2CID 222070383.
Teichmann, Fabian Maximilian Johannes; Falker, Marie-Christin (2020-01-01). "Money laundering via cryptocurrencies – potential solutions from Liechtenstein". Journal of Money Laundering Control. 24 (1): 91–101. doi:10.1108/JMLC-04-2020-0041. ISSN 1368-5201.
Andrychowicz, Marcin; Dziembowski, Stefan; Malinowski, Daniel; Mazurek, Łukasz (2015), "On the Malleability of Bitcoin Transactions", Financial Cryptography and Data Security, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8976, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 1–18, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-48051-9_1, ISBN 978-3-662-48050-2
Destefanis, Giuseppe; Marchesi, M.; Ortu, Marco; Tonelli, R.; Bracciali, A.; Hierons, R. (2018). "Smart contracts vulnerabilities: A call for blockchain software engineering?". 2018 International Workshop on Blockchain Oriented Software Engineering (IWBOSE). pp. 19–25. doi:10.1109/IWBOSE.2018.8327567. hdl:1893/27135. ISBN 978-1-5386-5986-1. S2CID 4569204.
Girasa, Rosario (2022). "Criminal Prosecutions and Civil Litigation Concerning Blockchain Technologies". Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies. National and International Perspectives. Pleasantville: Palgrave. p. 184. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78509-7. ISBN 978-3-319-78508-0.
Girasa, Rosario (2022). "Criminal Prosecutions and Civil Litigation Concerning Blockchain Technologies". Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies. National and International Perspectives. Pleasantville: Palgrave. p. 185. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78509-7. ISBN 978-3-319-78508-0.
Girasa, Rosario (2022). "Criminal Prosecutions and Civil Litigation Concerning Blockchain Technologies". Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies. National and International Perspectives. Pleasantville: Palgrave. p. 212. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78509-7. ISBN 978-3-319-78508-0. Cf. "SEC v. PlexCorps, Dominic LaCroix, and Sabrina Paradis-Royer Case No. 17-cv-7007 (CBA) (RML) (E.D.N.Y.)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Archived from the original on 10 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
Girasa, Rosario (2022). "Criminal Prosecutions and Civil Litigation Concerning Blockchain Technologies". Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies. National and International Perspectives. Pleasantville: Palgrave. p. 212. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78509-7. ISBN 978-3-319-78508-0.
Girasa, Rosario (2022). "Criminal Prosecutions and Civil Litigation Concerning Blockchain Technologies". Regulation of Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain Technologies. National and International Perspectives. Pleasantville: Palgrave. p. 213. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78509-7. ISBN 978-3-319-78508-0.
Albrecht, Chad; Duffin, Kristopher McKay; Hawkins, Steven; Rocha, Victor Manuel Morales (2019). "The use of cryptocurrencies in the money laundering process". Journal of Money Laundering Control. 22 (2): 213. doi:10.1108/JMLC-12-2017-0074. S2CID 159087019.
Wang, Fangzhou (2024). "Victim-offender overlap: the identity transformations experienced by trafficked Chinese workers escaping from pig-butchering scam syndicate". Trends in Organized Crime. doi:10.1007/s12117-024-09525-5 – via Springer Link.
Lachtar, Nada; Elkhail, Abdulrahman Abu; Bacha, Anys; Malik, Hafiz (2020-07-01). "A Cross-Stack Approach Towards Defending Against Cryptojacking". IEEE Computer Architecture Letters. 19 (2): 126–129. doi:10.1109/LCA.2020.3017457. ISSN 1556-6056. S2CID 222070383.
Caprolu, Maurantonio; Raponi, Simone; Oligeri, Gabriele; Di Pietro, Roberto (2021-04-01). "Cryptomining makes noise: Detecting cryptojacking via Machine Learning". Computer Communications. 171: 126–139. arXiv:1910.09272. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2021.02.016. S2CID 233402711.

dw.com

Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Hackers steal $600 million in record-breaking cryptocurrency heist | DW | 11.08.2021". DW.COM. Archived from the original on 2022-03-08. Retrieved 2021-08-31.

economist.com

"Bitcoin: Bitcoin under pressure". The Economist. 30 November 2013. Archived from the original on 30 November 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2013.

elpais.com

english.elpais.com

"The 15-year-old boy who stole $24 million in cryptocurrency". El País. 31 July 2022.

eset.com

"Watch out! Mac malware spread disguised as cracked versions of Angry Birds, Pixelmator and other top apps". ESET. 26 February 2014. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2015.

eth.wiki

"Major issues resulting in lost or stuck funds". Ethereum Wiki. Archived from the original on 2021-10-18. Retrieved 2021-03-07.^{[better source needed]}

europa.eu

eur-lex.europa.eu

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2018/843/oj/eng

fastcompany.com

Truong, Alice (6 March 2014). "Another Bitcoin exchange, another heist". Fast Company. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2014.

financemagnates.com

"IOTA Founder On Stolen Funds: Lots of People Will "Screw You Over"". Finance Magnates. January 25, 2018. Archived from the original on October 21, 2021. Retrieved January 27, 2018.

financialpost.com

business.financialpost.com

Ligaya, Armina (5 March 2014). "After Alberta's Flexcoin, Mt. Gox hacked, Bitcoin businesses face sting of free-wheeling ways". Financial Post. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2014.

fincen.gov

"FinCEN Issues Alert on Prevalent Virtual Currency Investment Scam Commonly Known as 'Pig Butchering'". www.fincen.gov. Archived from the original on 2023-11-03. Retrieved 2023-11-03.

forbes.com

Bambysheva, Nina; Santillana Linares, Maria Gracia: "Over $3 Billion Stolen In Crypto Heists: Here Are The Eight Biggest" Archived 2023-01-07 at the Wayback Machine Forbes; December 28, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
Coppola, Frances (6 August 2016). "Theft And Mayhem In The Bitcoin World". Forbes. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.

fortune.com

"Bitcoin Worth $72M Was Stolen in Bitfinex Exchange Hack in Hong Kong". Fortune. Archived from the original on November 20, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
Roberts, Jeff John (9 July 2018). "Another Crypto Fail: Hackers Steal $23.5 Million from Token Service Bancor". Fortune. Archived from the original on 10 July 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2018.
"South African brothers disappear along with $3.6 billion in Bitcoin". Fortune. Archived from the original on 2021-11-29. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
Wieczner, Jen (4 March 2019). "Ethereum Fork Could Help Restore Frozen Parity Cryptocurrency". Fortune. Archived from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
Quiroz-Gutierrez, Marco (February 4, 2022). "A handful of NFT users are making big money off of a stealth scam. Here's how 'wash trading' works". Fortune. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
Morris, David Z (24 December 2013). "Beyond bitcoin: Inside the cryptocurrency ecosystem". Fortune. Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

ft.com

"The SBF indictment in full". Financial Times. December 13, 2022. Archived from the original on 23 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

gizmodo.com

Barr, Kyle (2022-10-14). "SIM Card Swindler 'Baby Al Capone' Agrees to Pay Back $22 Million to Hacked Crypto Investor". Gizmodo.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Destefanis, Giuseppe; Marchesi, M.; Ortu, Marco; Tonelli, R.; Bracciali, A.; Hierons, R. (2018). "Smart contracts vulnerabilities: A call for blockchain software engineering?". 2018 International Workshop on Blockchain Oriented Software Engineering (IWBOSE). pp. 19–25. doi:10.1109/IWBOSE.2018.8327567. hdl:1893/27135. ISBN 978-1-5386-5986-1. S2CID 4569204.

hoodline.com

"U.S. Authorities Seize $2.5 Million in Cryptocurrency Linked to Fraud Schemes, San Diego FBI Aids in Crackdown". Hoodline. 2025-05-25. Retrieved 2025-05-25.

house.gov

smallbusiness.house.gov

"Testimony of Mark T. Williams Bitcoin: Examining the Benefits and Risks for Small Business" (PDF). U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Small Business Hearing. 2 April 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2017.

ic3.gov

"Criminals continue to defraud and extort funds from victims using cryptowall ransomware schemes". FBI. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2017.

ieee.org

spectrum.ieee.org

"Bitcoin's Computing Crisis". 31 October 2013. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2023.

investopedia.com

Pig Butchering Scams: What They Are, Warning Signs, and How to Avoid Them, Investopedia, 26 March 2024.

justice.gov

"District of Massachusetts | United States Files Forfeiture Action to Recover Cryptocurrency Traceable to Pig Butchering Romance Scam | United States Department of Justice". www.justice.gov. 2024-03-13. Archived from the original on 2024-04-28. Retrieved 2024-04-28.
Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs (December 13, 2022). "FTX Founder Indicted for Fraud, Money Laundering, and Campaign Finance Offenses". Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
"Southern District of New York | Silk Road Dark Web Fraud Defendant Sentenced Following Seizure And Forfeiture Of Over $3.4 Billion In Cryptocurrency | United States Department of Justice". www.justice.gov. 14 April 2023. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.

kaspersky.com

usa.kaspersky.com

"Cryptolocker Virus Definition". Kaspersky. Archived from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 17 Feb 2020.

latimes.com

Kharif, Olga (10 February 2022). "Who will get crypto back after arrests in $3.6-billion bitcoin hack?". LA Times. Archived from the original on 2024-05-06. Retrieved 2024-05-06.

malaymail.com

Tan, Ben (17 February 2021). "Johor police chief: TNB lost RM8.6m to alleged electricity theft by bitcoin mining syndicate | Malay Mail". www.malaymail.com. Archived from the original on 2022-08-20. Retrieved 2021-08-31.

mediafeed.org

Hwang, Inyoung (7 May 2021). "What is cryptojacking? How to detect mining malware - MediaFeed". mediafeed.org. Archived from the original on 2022-12-09. Retrieved 2021-05-11.

msn.com

"Teen Hacker and Crew of 'Evil Geniuses' Accused of $24 Million Crypto Theft". www.msn.com. Archived from the original on 2022-10-18. Retrieved 2020-05-08.

nypost.com

Kaplan, Michael (2019-04-13). "Hackers are stealing millions in Bitcoin — and living like big shots". New York Post. Archived from the original on 2022-08-20. Retrieved 2020-05-08.

nytimes.com

Yaffe-Bellany, David (2025-02-19). "The Cryptocurrency Scam That Turned a Small Town Against Itself". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.
Popper, Nathaniel: "Hacker May Have Taken $50 Million From Cybercurrency Project" Archived 2017-06-20 at the Wayback Machine The New York Times. June 18, 2016. (Archived from the original June 20, 2017.) Retrieved January 7, 2023.
Roose, Kevin (21 February 2022). "Crypto Scammers' New Target: Dating Apps". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 12 October 2022. Retrieved 2 March 2022.

outlookindia.com

"Crypto Year Ender: Here’s A Look At Major Crypto Scams Of 2022" Archived 2022-12-30 at the Wayback Machine Outlook India; December 30, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.

parity.io

"The Multi-sig Hack: A Postmortem". Blockchain Infrastructure for the Decentralised Web. Parity. 20 July 2017. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021.
"A Postmortem on the Parity Multi-Sig Library Self-Destruct". Blockchain Infrastructure for the Decentralised Web. 15 November 2017. Archived from the original on 20 January 2021.

pcworld.com

Zach Miners (24 February 2014). "Bitcoins, other digital currencies stolen in massive 'Pony' botnet attack". Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2015.

reuters.com

Chavez-Dreyfuss, Gertrude (30 April 2019). "Cryptocurrency thefts, fraud hit $1.2 billion in first quarter: report". Reuters. Archived from the original on 30 July 2019. Retrieved 8 June 2019. Original reports: Schlabach, Adam (2019-01-29). "Cryptocurrency Anti-Money Laundering Report – Q4 2018". CipherTrace. Archived from the original on 2019-05-28. Retrieved 2019-06-08., Schlabach, Adam (2019-05-01). "Q1 2019 Cryptocurrency Anti-Money Laundering Report". CipherTrace. Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2019-06-08.
"South Korean cryptocurrency exchange to file for bankruptcy after hacking". Reuters. 2017-12-19. Archived from the original on 2022-05-28. Retrieved 2022-03-02.
Howcroft, Elizabeth (2023-09-25). "Hong Kong crypto firm hit by $200 million hack". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2023-09-25. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
Harney, Alexandra; Stecklow, Steve (2017-11-16). "Twice burned - How Mt. Gox's bitcoin customers could lose again". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2019-08-29. Retrieved 2018-09-06.
Finkle, Jim (24 February 2014). "'Pony' botnet steals bitcoins, digital currencies: Trustwave". Reuters. Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
Nate Raymond, Ex-agent in Silk Road probe gets more prison time for bitcoin theft Archived 29 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Reuters (7 November 2017).

rollingstone.com

"How 'Baby Al Capone' Pulled Off a $24 Million Crypto Heist". Rolling Stone. 8 July 2022.

rusi.org

Owen, Allison; Chase, Isabella (December 2, 2021). NFTs: A New Frontier for Money Laundering? (Report). Royal United Services Institute. Archived from the original on 16 January 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

sec.gov

Nestarcova, Dominika (2019). A Critical Appraisal of Initial Coin Offerings. Lifting the "Digital Token's Veil". Leiden/Boston: Brill. pp. 43 f. ISBN 978-90-04-41657-4. Cf. Clayton, Jay (11 December 2017). "Statement on Cryptocurrencies and Initial Coin Offerings". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023. Please also recognize that these markets span national borders and that significant trading may occur on systems and platforms outside the United States. Your invested funds may quickly travel overseas without your knowledge. As a result, risks can be amplified, including the risk that market regulators, such as the SEC, may not be able to effectively pursue bad actors or recover funds.
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