North Germanic languages (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "North Germanic languages" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

25web.archive.org

1^st place

5norden.org

7,292^nd place

6,350^th place

3books.google.com

3^rd place

2google.de

2,106^th place

low place

2archive.org

6^th place

2unesco.org

104^th place

199^th place

1ethnologue.com

339^th place

388^th place

1uit.no

low place

1dur.ac.uk

3,728^th place

2,318^th place

1unric.org

low place

1ku.dk

5,396^th place

4,339^th place

1um.dk

low place

1cambridge.org

305^th place

264^th place

1samer.se

low place

1uio.no

2,613^th place

2,294^th place

1researchgate.net

120^th place

125^th place

1doi.org

2^nd place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

1ssrn.com

703^rd place

501^st place

1cobiss.net

3,715^th place

low place

1sjsu.edu

6,511^th place

4,308^th place

1sprakrad.no

low place

1aftonbladet.se

532^nd place

847^th place

1spraktidningen.se

low place

1univie.ac.at

2,529^th place

3,277^th place

1uu.se

3,805^th place

3,371^st place

1uni-graz.at

8,173^rd place

9,012^th place

aftonbladet.se

Dahl, Östen; Dahlberg, Ingrid; Delsing, Lars-Olof; Halvarsson, Herbert; Larsson, Gösta; Nyström, Gunnar; Olsson, Rut; Sapir, Yair; Steensland, Lars; Williams, Henrik (8 February 2007). "Älvdalskan är ett språk – inte en svensk dialekt" [Elfdalian is a language – not a Swedish dialect]. Aftonbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2013.

archive.org

Hawkins, John A. (1987). "Germanic languages". In Bernard Comrie (ed.). The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 68–76. ISBN 0-19-520521-9.
Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.

books.google.com

Lindström, Fredrik; Lindström, Henrik (2012). Svitjods undergång och Sveriges födelse. Albert Bonniers Förlag. ISBN 978-91-0-013451-8., p. 259
Adams 1895, pp. 336–338. Adams, Charles Kendall (1895). Johnson's Universal Cyclopedia: A New Edition. D. Appleton, A. J. Johnson.
Ekberg, Lena (2010). "The National Minority Languages in Sweden". In Gerhard Stickel (ed.). National, Regional and Minority Languages in Europe: Contributions to the Annual Conference 2009 of Efnil in Dublin. Peter Lang. pp. 87–92. ISBN 9783631603659.

cambridge.org

journals.cambridge.org

Jónsson, Jóhannes Gísli and Thórhallur Eythórsson (2004). "Variation in subject case marking in Insular Scandinavian" Archived 4 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Nordic Journal of Linguistics (2005), 28: 223–245 Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 9 November 2007.

cobiss.net

plus.cobiss.net

Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.

doi.org

Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.

dur.ac.uk

Holmberg, Anders and Christer Platzack (2005). "The Scandinavian languages". In The Comparative Syntax Handbook, eds Guglielmo Cinque and Richard S. Kayne. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Excerpt at Durham University Archived 3 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine.

ethnologue.com

Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Language Family Trees Indo-European, Germanic, North Archived 3 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International

google.de

König, Ekkehard; Auwera, Johan van der (16 December 2013). The Germanic Languages. Routledge. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-317-79958-0. The East Scandinavian branch is not so much a distinct language as the sum of the innovations that encompassed Denmark, most of Sweden, and adjacent parts of Norway at the end of the Viking Age, splitting during the Middle Ages (1050–1340) into Old Danish, Old Swedish and Old Gutnish, the written language of the island of Gotland.
Bandle, Oscar; Braunmüller, Kurt; Jahr, Ernst Hakon; Karker, Allan; Naumann, Hans-Peter; Telemann, Ulf; Elmevik, Lennart; Widmark, Gun (14 July 2008). The Nordic Languages. Volume 2. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter. p. 1108. ISBN 978-3-11-019706-8. The Gutnish /a:/ is less back than in the other Old East Nordic dialects.

ku.dk

inss.ku.dk

Kroonen, Guus. "On the origins of the Elfdalian nasal vowels from the perspective of diachronic dialectology and Germanic etymology" (PDF). Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics. University of Copenhagen. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016. In many aspects, Elfdalian, takes up a middle position between East and West Nordic. However, it shares some innovations with West Nordic, but none with East Nordic. This invalidates the claim that Elfdalian split off from Old Swedish.

norden.org

Torp, Arne (2004). Nordiske sprog i fortid og nutid. Sproglighed og sprogforskelle, sprogfamilier og sprogslægtskab Archived 4 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Moderne nordiske sprog. In Nordens sprog – med rødder og fødder. Nord 2004:010, ISBN 92-893-1041-3, Nordic Council of Ministers' Secretariat, Copenhagen 2004. (In Danish).
Delsing, Lars-Olof and Katarina Lundin Åkesson (2005). Håller språket ihop Norden? En forskningsrapport om ungdomars förståelse av danska, svenska och norska. Available in pdf format Archived 14 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Numbers are from Figure 4:11. "Grannspråksförståelse bland infödda skandinaver fördelade på ort", p. 65 and Figure 4:6. "Sammanlagt resultat på grannspråksundersökningen fördelat på område", p. 58.
"Nordens språk – med rötter och fötter". Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
Hello Norden newsletter Archived 9 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine's language of publication is described as skandinaviska (in Swedish)
Finlandssvensk som hovedspråk Archived 12 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine (in Norwegian bokmål)

researchgate.net

Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.

samer.se

eng.samer.se

Inez Svonni Fjällström (2006). "A language with deep roots" Archived 5 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine.Sápmi: Language history, 14 November 2006. Samiskt Informationscentrum Sametinget: "The Scandinavian languages are Northern Germanic languages. [...] Sami belongs to the Finno-Ugric language family. Finnish, Estonian, Livonian and Hungarian belong to the same language family and are consequently related to each other."

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.

sjsu.edu

"The Scandinavian Languages: Their Histories and Relationships". Archived from the original on 19 September 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2012.

sprakrad.no

Dalen, Arnold (2005). Jemtsk og trøndersk – to nære slektningar Archived 18 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Språkrådet, Norway. (In Norwegian). Retrieved 13 November 2007.

spraktidningen.se

Dahl, Östen (December 2008). "Älvdalska – eget språk eller värsting bland dialekter?" [Elfdalian – its own language or an outstanding dialect?]. Språktidningen (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2013.

ssrn.com

papers.ssrn.com

Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.

uio.no

uniforum.uio.no

"Nynorsk – noe for svensker? – Uniforum". www.uniforum.uio.no. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.

uit.no

Scandinavian Dialect Syntax Archived 12 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Network for Scandinavian Dialect Syntax. Retrieved 11 November 2007.

um.dk

Lund, Jørn. Language Archived 15 August 2004 at the Wayback Machine. Published online by Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Version 1 – November 2003. Retrieved 13 November 2007.

unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

Sammallahti, Pekka, 1990. "The Sámi Language: Past and Present". In Arctic Languages: An Awakening. Archived 21 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Paris. ISBN 92-3-102661-5, p. 440: "the arrival of a Uralic population and language in Samiland [...] means that there has been a period of at least 5000 years of uninterrupted linguistic and cultural development in Samiland. [...] It is also possible, however, that the earlier inhabitants of the area also spoke a Uralic language: we do not know of any linguistic groups in the area other than the Uralic and Indo-Europeans (represented by the present Scandinavian languages)."

unesco.org

"UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2022.

uni-graz.at

languageserver.uni-graz.at

LLOW – Traveller Danish Archived 9 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine

univie.ac.at

othes.univie.ac.at

Zach, Kristine (2013). "Das Älvdalische – Sprache oder Dialekt? (Diplomarbeit)" [Elfdalian – Language or dialect? (Masters thesis)] (PDF) (in German). University of Vienna. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2017.

unric.org

"Sprog og politik i Grønland". Forenede Nationers (in Danish). 21 February 2021. Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2022.

uu.se

nordiska.uu.se

Sapir, Yair (2004). Elfdalian, the Vernacular of Övdaln. Conference paper, 18–19 juni 2004. Available in pdf format at Uppsala University online archive Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine.

web.archive.org

Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Language Family Trees Indo-European, Germanic, North Archived 3 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International
Scandinavian Dialect Syntax Archived 12 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Network for Scandinavian Dialect Syntax. Retrieved 11 November 2007.
Torp, Arne (2004). Nordiske sprog i fortid og nutid. Sproglighed og sprogforskelle, sprogfamilier og sprogslægtskab Archived 4 November 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Moderne nordiske sprog. In Nordens sprog – med rødder og fødder. Nord 2004:010, ISBN 92-893-1041-3, Nordic Council of Ministers' Secretariat, Copenhagen 2004. (In Danish).
Holmberg, Anders and Christer Platzack (2005). "The Scandinavian languages". In The Comparative Syntax Handbook, eds Guglielmo Cinque and Richard S. Kayne. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Excerpt at Durham University Archived 3 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
"Sprog og politik i Grønland". Forenede Nationers (in Danish). 21 February 2021. Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
Kroonen, Guus. "On the origins of the Elfdalian nasal vowels from the perspective of diachronic dialectology and Germanic etymology" (PDF). Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics. University of Copenhagen. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016. In many aspects, Elfdalian, takes up a middle position between East and West Nordic. However, it shares some innovations with West Nordic, but none with East Nordic. This invalidates the claim that Elfdalian split off from Old Swedish.
Lund, Jørn. Language Archived 15 August 2004 at the Wayback Machine. Published online by Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Version 1 – November 2003. Retrieved 13 November 2007.
Jónsson, Jóhannes Gísli and Thórhallur Eythórsson (2004). "Variation in subject case marking in Insular Scandinavian" Archived 4 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Nordic Journal of Linguistics (2005), 28: 223–245 Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 9 November 2007.
The Nordic Council's/Nordic Council of Ministers' political magazine Analys Norden offers three versions: a section labeled "Íslenska" (Icelandic), a section labeled "Skandinavisk" (in either Danish, Norwegian or Swedish), and a section labeled "Suomi" (Finnish).
Sammallahti, Pekka, 1990. "The Sámi Language: Past and Present". In Arctic Languages: An Awakening. Archived 21 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Paris. ISBN 92-3-102661-5, p. 440: "the arrival of a Uralic population and language in Samiland [...] means that there has been a period of at least 5000 years of uninterrupted linguistic and cultural development in Samiland. [...] It is also possible, however, that the earlier inhabitants of the area also spoke a Uralic language: we do not know of any linguistic groups in the area other than the Uralic and Indo-Europeans (represented by the present Scandinavian languages)."
Inez Svonni Fjällström (2006). "A language with deep roots" Archived 5 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine.Sápmi: Language history, 14 November 2006. Samiskt Informationscentrum Sametinget: "The Scandinavian languages are Northern Germanic languages. [...] Sami belongs to the Finno-Ugric language family. Finnish, Estonian, Livonian and Hungarian belong to the same language family and are consequently related to each other."
"UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
"Nynorsk – noe for svensker? – Uniforum". www.uniforum.uio.no. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
"Urban misunderstandings". In Norden this week – Monday 01.17.2005. The Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers. Retrieved 13 November 2007.
Delsing, Lars-Olof and Katarina Lundin Åkesson (2005). Håller språket ihop Norden? En forskningsrapport om ungdomars förståelse av danska, svenska och norska. Available in pdf format Archived 14 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Numbers are from Figure 4:11. "Grannspråksförståelse bland infödda skandinaver fördelade på ort", p. 65 and Figure 4:6. "Sammanlagt resultat på grannspråksundersökningen fördelat på område", p. 58.
"Nordens språk – med rötter och fötter". Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
Hello Norden newsletter Archived 9 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine's language of publication is described as skandinaviska (in Swedish)
"The Scandinavian Languages: Their Histories and Relationships". Archived from the original on 19 September 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
Finlandssvensk som hovedspråk Archived 12 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine (in Norwegian bokmål)
Dalen, Arnold (2005). Jemtsk og trøndersk – to nære slektningar Archived 18 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Språkrådet, Norway. (In Norwegian). Retrieved 13 November 2007.
Dahl, Östen; Dahlberg, Ingrid; Delsing, Lars-Olof; Halvarsson, Herbert; Larsson, Gösta; Nyström, Gunnar; Olsson, Rut; Sapir, Yair; Steensland, Lars; Williams, Henrik (8 February 2007). "Älvdalskan är ett språk – inte en svensk dialekt" [Elfdalian is a language – not a Swedish dialect]. Aftonbladet (in Swedish). Stockholm. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
Dahl, Östen (December 2008). "Älvdalska – eget språk eller värsting bland dialekter?" [Elfdalian – its own language or an outstanding dialect?]. Språktidningen (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
Zach, Kristine (2013). "Das Älvdalische – Sprache oder Dialekt? (Diplomarbeit)" [Elfdalian – Language or dialect? (Masters thesis)] (PDF) (in German). University of Vienna. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2017.
Sapir, Yair (2004). Elfdalian, the Vernacular of Övdaln. Conference paper, 18–19 juni 2004. Available in pdf format at Uppsala University online archive Archived 22 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
LLOW – Traveller Danish Archived 9 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Kordić, Snježana (2024). "Ideology Against Language: The Current Situation in South Slavic Countries" (PDF). In Nomachi, Motoki; Kamusella, Tomasz (eds.). Languages and Nationalism Instead of Empires. Routledge Histories of Central and Eastern Europe. London: Routledge. pp. 167–179. doi:10.4324/9781003034025-11. ISBN 978-0-367-47191-0. OCLC 1390118985. S2CID 259576119. SSRN 4680766. COBISS.SR 125229577. COBISS 171014403. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024. p. 169: Stockholm's youth understand 55% of spoken Norwegian and 34% of spoken Danish.