Ocean heat content (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Ocean heat content" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

32doi.org

2^nd place

27harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

12nasa.gov

75^th place

83^rd place

9nih.gov

4^th place

8semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

6climate.gov

low place

6web.archive.org

1^st place

6worldcat.org

5^th place

5handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

3noaa.gov

212^th place

172^nd place

2ipcc.ch

1,778^th place

1,339^th place

2teos-10.org

low place

2ucsd.edu

1,933^rd place

1,342^nd place

2skepticalscience.com

low place

2ucar.edu

7,843^rd place

5,892^nd place

1archive.today

14^th place

1creativecommons.org

1,010^th place

612^th place

1climatecentral.org

low place

1iucn.org

3,100^th place

2,591^st place

1epa.gov

882^nd place

600^th place

1copernicus.org

7,281^st place

5,368^th place

1psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

1britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

1marinebio.org

low place

1ametsoc.org

4,162^nd place

3,578^th place

1oceanmotion.org

low place

1rmets.org

low place

1theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

1aber.ac.uk

low place

7,536^th place

1whoi.edu

7,365^th place

5,433^rd place

1ucm.es

1,613^th place

3,265^th place

1sciencealert.com

5,043^rd place

3,807^th place

1phys.org

1,283^rd place

1,130^th place

1nature.com

234^th place

397^th place

aber.ac.uk

research.aber.ac.uk

Poloczanska, Elivra S.; Brown, Christopher J.; Sydeman, William J.; Kiessling, Wolfgang; Schoeman, David S.; Moore, Pippa J.; et al. (2013). "Global imprint of climate change on marine life" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 3 (10): 919–925. Bibcode:2013NatCC...3..919P. doi:10.1038/nclimate1958.

ametsoc.org

"Air-Sea interaction: Teacher's guide". American Meteorological Society. 2012. Retrieved 2022-02-22.

archive.today

Top 700 meters: Lindsey, Rebecca; Dahlman, Luann (6 September 2023). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. ● Top 2000 meters: "Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955". NASA.gov. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023.

britannica.com

"photic zone (oceanography)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 2021-12-15.

climate.gov

Top 700 meters: Lindsey, Rebecca; Dahlman, Luann (6 September 2023). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. ● Top 2000 meters: "Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955". NASA.gov. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023.
LuAnn Dahlman and Rebecca Lindsey (2020-08-17). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Dale C.S. Destin (5 December 2014). "The Argo revolution". climate.gov.
Jessica Blunden (25 August 2021). "Reporting on the State of the Climate in 2020". Climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Rebecca Lindsey and Michon Scott (2021-09-21). "Climate Change: Arctic sea ice". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Michon Scott (2021-03-26). "Understanding climate: Antarctic sea ice extent". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

climatecentral.org

"Study: Deep Ocean Waters Trapping Vast Store of Heat". Climate Central. 2016.

copernicus.org

gmd.copernicus.org

McDougall, Trevor J.; Barker, Paul M.; Holmes, Ryan M.; Pawlowicz, Rich; Griffies, Stephen M.; Durack, Paul J. (2021-01-19). "The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output, and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content". Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. 14 (10): 6445–6466. doi:10.5194/gmd-2020-426. ISSN 1991-959X. S2CID 234212726.

creativecommons.org

von Schuckmann, K.; Cheng, L.; Palmer, M. D.; Hansen, J.; et al. (7 September 2020). "Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?". Earth System Science Data. 12 (3): 2013–2041. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.2013V. doi:10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020. hdl:20.500.11850/443809. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

doi.org

von Schuckmann, K.; Cheng, L.; Palmer, M. D.; Hansen, J.; et al. (7 September 2020). "Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?". Earth System Science Data. 12 (3): 2013–2041. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.2013V. doi:10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020. hdl:20.500.11850/443809. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Trenberth, Kevin; Fasullo, John; Boyer, Tim; Locarnini, Ricardo; et al. (2021). "Upper Ocean Temperatures Hit Record High in 2020". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 38 (4): 523–530. Bibcode:2021AdAtS..38..523C. doi:10.1007/s00376-021-0447-x. S2CID 231672261.
Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Boyer, Tim; Mann, Michael E.; Zhu, Jiang; Wang, Fan; Yu, Fujiang; Locarnini, Ricardo; Fasullo, John; Zheng, Fei; Li, Yuanlong; et al. (2024). "New record ocean temperatures and related climate indicators in 2023". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 41 (6): 1068–1082. Bibcode:2024AdAtS..41.1068C. doi:10.1007/s00376-024-3378-5. ISSN 0256-1530.
Cheng, Lijing; Foster, Grant; Hausfather, Zeke; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Abraham, John (2022). "Improved Quantification of the Rate of Ocean Warming". Journal of Climate. 35 (14): 4827–4840. Bibcode:2022JCli...35.4827C. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0895.1. Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine
Li, Zhi; England, Matthew H.; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (2023). "Recent acceleration in global ocean heat accumulation by mode and intermediate waters". Nature Communications. 14 (6888): 6888. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.6888L. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42468-z. PMC 10613216. PMID 37898610.
Minière, Audrey; von Schuckmann, Karina; Sallée, Jean-baptiste; Vogt, Linus (2023). "Robust acceleration of Earth system heating observed over the past six decades". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 22975. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1322975M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49353-1. PMC 10752897. PMID 38151491.
Storto, Andrea; Yang, Chunxue (2024). "Acceleration of the ocean warming from 1961 to 2022 unveiled by large-ensemble reanalyses". Nature Communications. 15 (545): 545. Bibcode:2024NatCo..15..545S. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-44749-7.
McDougall, Trevor J. (2003). "Potential Enthalpy: A Conservative Oceanic Variable for Evaluating Heat Content and Heat Fluxes". Journal of Physical Oceanography. 33 (5): 945–963. Bibcode:2003JPO....33..945M. doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2.
Graham, Felicity S.; McDougall, Trevor J. (2013-05-01). "Quantifying the Nonconservative Production of Conservative Temperature, Potential Temperature, and Entropy". Journal of Physical Oceanography. 43 (5): 838–862. Bibcode:2013JPO....43..838G. doi:10.1175/jpo-d-11-0188.1. ISSN 0022-3670.
McDougall, Trevor J.; Barker, Paul M.; Holmes, Ryan M.; Pawlowicz, Rich; Griffies, Stephen M.; Durack, Paul J. (2021-01-19). "The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output, and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content". Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. 14 (10): 6445–6466. doi:10.5194/gmd-2020-426. ISSN 1991-959X. S2CID 234212726.
Abraham; et al. (2013). "A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change". Reviews of Geophysics. 51 (3): 450–483. Bibcode:2013RvGeo..51..450A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.594.3698. doi:10.1002/rog.20022. S2CID 53350907.
Toni Feder (2000). "Argo Begins Systematic Global Probing of the Upper Oceans". Physics Today. 53 (7): 50. Bibcode:2000PhT....53g..50F. doi:10.1063/1.1292477.
Marti, Florence; Blazquez, Alejandro; Meyssignac, Benoit; Ablain, Michaël; Barnoud, Anne; et al. (2021). "Monitoring the ocean heat content change and the Earth energy imbalance from space altimetry and space gravimetry". Earth System Science Data. doi:10.5194/essd-2021-220.
Trenberth, Kevin E; Cheng, Lijing (2022-09-01). "A perspective on climate change from Earth's energy imbalance". Environmental Research: Climate. 1 (1): 013001. doi:10.1088/2752-5295/ac6f74. ISSN 2752-5295.
Hansen, J.; Russell, G.; Lacis, A.; Fung, I.; Rind, D.; Stone, P. (1985). "Climate response times: Dependence on climate sensitivity and ocean mixing" (PDF). Science. 229 (4716): 857–850. Bibcode:1985Sci...229..857H. doi:10.1126/science.229.4716.857. PMID 17777925.
Loeb, Norman G.; Johnson, Gregory C.; Thorsen, Tyler J.; Lyman, John M.; et al. (15 June 2021). "Satellite and Ocean Data Reveal Marked Increase in Earth's Heating Rate". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (13). Bibcode:2021GeoRL..4893047L. doi:10.1029/2021GL093047.
Hakuba, M.Z.; Frederikse, T.; Landerer, F.W. (28 August 2021). "Earth's Energy Imbalance From the Ocean Perspective (2005–2019)". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (16). Bibcode:2021GeoRL..4893624H. doi:10.1029/2021GL093624.
Balmaseda, Trenberth & Källén (2013). "Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content". Geophysical Research Letters. 40 (9): 1754–1759. Bibcode:2013GeoRL..40.1754B. doi:10.1002/grl.50382. Essay Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
Levitus, Sydney (17 May 2012). "World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (10): 1–3. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..3910603L. doi:10.1029/2012GL051106. ISSN 0094-8276. S2CID 55809622.
Meehl; et al. (2011). "Model-based evidence of deep-ocean heat uptake during surface-temperature hiatus periods". Nature Climate Change. 1 (7): 360–364. Bibcode:2011NatCC...1..360M. doi:10.1038/nclimate1229.
Sirpa Häkkinen; Peter B Rhines; Denise L Worthen (2015). "Heat content variability in the North Atlantic Ocean in ocean reanalyses". Geophys Res Lett. 42 (8): 2901–2909. Bibcode:2015GeoRL..42.2901H. doi:10.1002/2015GL063299. PMC 4681455. PMID 26709321.
Messias, Marie-José; Mercier, Herlé (17 May 2022). "The redistribution of anthropogenic excess heat is a key driver of warming in the North Atlantic". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 118. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..118M. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00443-4. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 248816280.
Lee, Sang-Ki; Park, Wonsun; Baringer, Molly O.; Gordon, Arnold L.; Huber, Bruce; Liu, Yanyun (June 2015). "Pacific origin of the abrupt increase in Indian Ocean heat content during the warming hiatus". Nature Geoscience. 8 (6): 445–449. Bibcode:2015NatGe...8..445L. doi:10.1038/ngeo2438. hdl:1834/9681.
Poloczanska, Elivra S.; Brown, Christopher J.; Sydeman, William J.; Kiessling, Wolfgang; Schoeman, David S.; Moore, Pippa J.; et al. (2013). "Global imprint of climate change on marine life" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 3 (10): 919–925. Bibcode:2013NatCC...3..919P. doi:10.1038/nclimate1958.
Rahmstorf, Stefan (2003). "The concept of the thermohaline circulation". Nature. 421 (6924): 699. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..699R. doi:10.1038/421699a. PMID 12610602. S2CID 4414604.
Rahmstorf, Stefan; Box, Jason E.; Feulner, George; Mann, Michael E.; Robinson, Alexander; Rutherford, Scott; Schaffernicht, Erik J. (2015). "Exceptional twentieth-century slowdown in Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 5 (5): 475–480. Bibcode:2015NatCC...5..475R. doi:10.1038/nclimate2554.
Frederikse, Thomas; Landerer, Felix; Caron, Lambert; Adhikari, Surendra; Parkes, David; Humphrey, Vincent W.; et al. (2020). "The causes of sea-level rise since 1900". Nature. 584 (7821): 393–397. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2591-3. PMID 32814886. S2CID 221182575.
Garcia-Soto, Carlos (2022-10-20). "An Overview of Ocean Climate Change Indicators: Sea Surface Temperature, Ocean Heat Content, Ocean pH, Dissolved Oxygen Concentration, Arctic Sea Ice Extent, Thickness and Volume, Sea Level and Strength of the AMOC (Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation)". Frontiers in Marine Science. 8. doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.642372. hdl:10508/11963.
Slater, Thomas; Lawrence, Isobel R.; Otosaka, Inès N.; Shepherd, Andrew; et al. (25 January 2021). "Review article: Earth's ice imbalance". The Cryosphere. 15 (1): 233–246. Bibcode:2021TCry...15..233S. doi:10.5194/tc-15-233-2021.
Friedlingstein, M., O'Sullivan, M., M., Jones, Andrew, R., Hauck, J., Olson, A., Peters, G., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Sitch, S., Le Quéré, C. and 75 others (2020). "Global carbon budget 2020". Earth System Science Data. 12 (4): 3269–3340. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.3269F. doi:10.5194/essd-12-3269-2020. hdl:10871/126892.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Woolf D. K., Land P. E., Shutler J. D., Goddijn-Murphy L.M., Donlon, C. J. (2016). "On the calculation of air-sea fluxes of CO2 in the presence of temperature and salinity gradients". Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 121 (2): 1229–1248. Bibcode:2016JGRC..121.1229W. doi:10.1002/2015JC011427.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee; DeVries, Tim; Gregor, Luke; Hauck, Judith; Landschützer, Peter; McKinley, Galen; Müller, Jens (24 January 2023). "Trends and variability in the ocean carbon sink". Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 4 (2): 119–134. Bibcode:2023NRvEE...4..119G. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x. hdl:20.500.11850/595538. S2CID 256264357.

epa.gov

US EPA, OAR (2016-06-27). "Climate Change Indicators: Ocean Heat". www.epa.gov. Retrieved 2023-02-28.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

von Schuckmann, K.; Cheng, L.; Palmer, M. D.; Hansen, J.; et al. (7 September 2020). "Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?". Earth System Science Data. 12 (3): 2013–2041. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.2013V. doi:10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020. hdl:20.500.11850/443809. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Lee, Sang-Ki; Park, Wonsun; Baringer, Molly O.; Gordon, Arnold L.; Huber, Bruce; Liu, Yanyun (June 2015). "Pacific origin of the abrupt increase in Indian Ocean heat content during the warming hiatus". Nature Geoscience. 8 (6): 445–449. Bibcode:2015NatGe...8..445L. doi:10.1038/ngeo2438. hdl:1834/9681.
Garcia-Soto, Carlos (2022-10-20). "An Overview of Ocean Climate Change Indicators: Sea Surface Temperature, Ocean Heat Content, Ocean pH, Dissolved Oxygen Concentration, Arctic Sea Ice Extent, Thickness and Volume, Sea Level and Strength of the AMOC (Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation)". Frontiers in Marine Science. 8. doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.642372. hdl:10508/11963.
Friedlingstein, M., O'Sullivan, M., M., Jones, Andrew, R., Hauck, J., Olson, A., Peters, G., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Sitch, S., Le Quéré, C. and 75 others (2020). "Global carbon budget 2020". Earth System Science Data. 12 (4): 3269–3340. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.3269F. doi:10.5194/essd-12-3269-2020. hdl:10871/126892.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee; DeVries, Tim; Gregor, Luke; Hauck, Judith; Landschützer, Peter; McKinley, Galen; Müller, Jens (24 January 2023). "Trends and variability in the ocean carbon sink". Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 4 (2): 119–134. Bibcode:2023NRvEE...4..119G. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x. hdl:20.500.11850/595538. S2CID 256264357.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

von Schuckmann, K.; Cheng, L.; Palmer, M. D.; Hansen, J.; et al. (7 September 2020). "Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?". Earth System Science Data. 12 (3): 2013–2041. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.2013V. doi:10.5194/essd-12-2013-2020. hdl:20.500.11850/443809. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Trenberth, Kevin; Fasullo, John; Boyer, Tim; Locarnini, Ricardo; et al. (2021). "Upper Ocean Temperatures Hit Record High in 2020". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 38 (4): 523–530. Bibcode:2021AdAtS..38..523C. doi:10.1007/s00376-021-0447-x. S2CID 231672261.
Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Boyer, Tim; Mann, Michael E.; Zhu, Jiang; Wang, Fan; Yu, Fujiang; Locarnini, Ricardo; Fasullo, John; Zheng, Fei; Li, Yuanlong; et al. (2024). "New record ocean temperatures and related climate indicators in 2023". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 41 (6): 1068–1082. Bibcode:2024AdAtS..41.1068C. doi:10.1007/s00376-024-3378-5. ISSN 0256-1530.
Cheng, Lijing; Foster, Grant; Hausfather, Zeke; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Abraham, John (2022). "Improved Quantification of the Rate of Ocean Warming". Journal of Climate. 35 (14): 4827–4840. Bibcode:2022JCli...35.4827C. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0895.1. Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine
Li, Zhi; England, Matthew H.; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (2023). "Recent acceleration in global ocean heat accumulation by mode and intermediate waters". Nature Communications. 14 (6888): 6888. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.6888L. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42468-z. PMC 10613216. PMID 37898610.
Minière, Audrey; von Schuckmann, Karina; Sallée, Jean-baptiste; Vogt, Linus (2023). "Robust acceleration of Earth system heating observed over the past six decades". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 22975. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1322975M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49353-1. PMC 10752897. PMID 38151491.
Storto, Andrea; Yang, Chunxue (2024). "Acceleration of the ocean warming from 1961 to 2022 unveiled by large-ensemble reanalyses". Nature Communications. 15 (545): 545. Bibcode:2024NatCo..15..545S. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-44749-7.
McDougall, Trevor J. (2003). "Potential Enthalpy: A Conservative Oceanic Variable for Evaluating Heat Content and Heat Fluxes". Journal of Physical Oceanography. 33 (5): 945–963. Bibcode:2003JPO....33..945M. doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2.
Graham, Felicity S.; McDougall, Trevor J. (2013-05-01). "Quantifying the Nonconservative Production of Conservative Temperature, Potential Temperature, and Entropy". Journal of Physical Oceanography. 43 (5): 838–862. Bibcode:2013JPO....43..838G. doi:10.1175/jpo-d-11-0188.1. ISSN 0022-3670.
Abraham; et al. (2013). "A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change". Reviews of Geophysics. 51 (3): 450–483. Bibcode:2013RvGeo..51..450A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.594.3698. doi:10.1002/rog.20022. S2CID 53350907.
Toni Feder (2000). "Argo Begins Systematic Global Probing of the Upper Oceans". Physics Today. 53 (7): 50. Bibcode:2000PhT....53g..50F. doi:10.1063/1.1292477.
Hansen, J.; Russell, G.; Lacis, A.; Fung, I.; Rind, D.; Stone, P. (1985). "Climate response times: Dependence on climate sensitivity and ocean mixing" (PDF). Science. 229 (4716): 857–850. Bibcode:1985Sci...229..857H. doi:10.1126/science.229.4716.857. PMID 17777925.
Loeb, Norman G.; Johnson, Gregory C.; Thorsen, Tyler J.; Lyman, John M.; et al. (15 June 2021). "Satellite and Ocean Data Reveal Marked Increase in Earth's Heating Rate". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (13). Bibcode:2021GeoRL..4893047L. doi:10.1029/2021GL093047.
Hakuba, M.Z.; Frederikse, T.; Landerer, F.W. (28 August 2021). "Earth's Energy Imbalance From the Ocean Perspective (2005–2019)". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (16). Bibcode:2021GeoRL..4893624H. doi:10.1029/2021GL093624.
Balmaseda, Trenberth & Källén (2013). "Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content". Geophysical Research Letters. 40 (9): 1754–1759. Bibcode:2013GeoRL..40.1754B. doi:10.1002/grl.50382. Essay Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
Levitus, Sydney (17 May 2012). "World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (10): 1–3. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..3910603L. doi:10.1029/2012GL051106. ISSN 0094-8276. S2CID 55809622.
Meehl; et al. (2011). "Model-based evidence of deep-ocean heat uptake during surface-temperature hiatus periods". Nature Climate Change. 1 (7): 360–364. Bibcode:2011NatCC...1..360M. doi:10.1038/nclimate1229.
Sirpa Häkkinen; Peter B Rhines; Denise L Worthen (2015). "Heat content variability in the North Atlantic Ocean in ocean reanalyses". Geophys Res Lett. 42 (8): 2901–2909. Bibcode:2015GeoRL..42.2901H. doi:10.1002/2015GL063299. PMC 4681455. PMID 26709321.
Messias, Marie-José; Mercier, Herlé (17 May 2022). "The redistribution of anthropogenic excess heat is a key driver of warming in the North Atlantic". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 118. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..118M. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00443-4. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 248816280.
Lee, Sang-Ki; Park, Wonsun; Baringer, Molly O.; Gordon, Arnold L.; Huber, Bruce; Liu, Yanyun (June 2015). "Pacific origin of the abrupt increase in Indian Ocean heat content during the warming hiatus". Nature Geoscience. 8 (6): 445–449. Bibcode:2015NatGe...8..445L. doi:10.1038/ngeo2438. hdl:1834/9681.
Poloczanska, Elivra S.; Brown, Christopher J.; Sydeman, William J.; Kiessling, Wolfgang; Schoeman, David S.; Moore, Pippa J.; et al. (2013). "Global imprint of climate change on marine life" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 3 (10): 919–925. Bibcode:2013NatCC...3..919P. doi:10.1038/nclimate1958.
Rahmstorf, Stefan (2003). "The concept of the thermohaline circulation". Nature. 421 (6924): 699. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..699R. doi:10.1038/421699a. PMID 12610602. S2CID 4414604.
Rahmstorf, Stefan; Box, Jason E.; Feulner, George; Mann, Michael E.; Robinson, Alexander; Rutherford, Scott; Schaffernicht, Erik J. (2015). "Exceptional twentieth-century slowdown in Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 5 (5): 475–480. Bibcode:2015NatCC...5..475R. doi:10.1038/nclimate2554.
Slater, Thomas; Lawrence, Isobel R.; Otosaka, Inès N.; Shepherd, Andrew; et al. (25 January 2021). "Review article: Earth's ice imbalance". The Cryosphere. 15 (1): 233–246. Bibcode:2021TCry...15..233S. doi:10.5194/tc-15-233-2021.
Friedlingstein, M., O'Sullivan, M., M., Jones, Andrew, R., Hauck, J., Olson, A., Peters, G., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Sitch, S., Le Quéré, C. and 75 others (2020). "Global carbon budget 2020". Earth System Science Data. 12 (4): 3269–3340. Bibcode:2020ESSD...12.3269F. doi:10.5194/essd-12-3269-2020. hdl:10871/126892.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Woolf D. K., Land P. E., Shutler J. D., Goddijn-Murphy L.M., Donlon, C. J. (2016). "On the calculation of air-sea fluxes of CO2 in the presence of temperature and salinity gradients". Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 121 (2): 1229–1248. Bibcode:2016JGRC..121.1229W. doi:10.1002/2015JC011427.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee; DeVries, Tim; Gregor, Luke; Hauck, Judith; Landschützer, Peter; McKinley, Galen; Müller, Jens (24 January 2023). "Trends and variability in the ocean carbon sink". Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 4 (2): 119–134. Bibcode:2023NRvEE...4..119G. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x. hdl:20.500.11850/595538. S2CID 256264357.

ipcc.ch

Fox-Kemper, B., H.T. Hewitt, C. Xiao, G. Aðalgeirsdóttir, S.S. Drijfhout, T.L. Edwards, N.R. Golledge, M. Hemer, R.E. Kopp, G. Krinner, A. Mix, D. Notz, S. Nowicki, I.S. Nurhati, L. Ruiz, J.-B. Sallée, A.B.A. Slangen, and Y. Yu, 2021: Chapter 9: Ocean, Cryosphere and Sea Level Change Archived 2022-10-24 at the Wayback Machine. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Archived 2021-08-09 at the Wayback Machine [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1211–1362.
Arias, P.A., N. Bellouin, E. Coppola, R.G. Jones, G. Krinner, J. Marotzke, V. Naik, M.D. Palmer, G.-K. Plattner, J. Rogelj, M. Rojas, J. Sillmann, T. Storelvmo, P.W. Thorne, B. Trewin, K. Achuta Rao, B. Adhikary, R.P. Allan, K. Armour, G. Bala, R. Barimalala, S. Berger, J.G. Canadell, C. Cassou, A. Cherchi, W. Collins, W.D. Collins, S.L. Connors, S. Corti, F. Cruz, F.J. Dentener, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, A. Diongue Niang, F.J. Doblas-Reyes, A. Dosio, H. Douville, F. Engelbrecht, V. Eyring, E. Fischer, P. Forster, B. Fox-Kemper, J.S. Fuglestvedt, J.C. Fyfe, N.P. Gillett, L. Goldfarb, I. Gorodetskaya, J.M. Gutierrez, R. Hamdi, E. Hawkins, H.T. Hewitt, P. Hope, A.S. Islam, C. Jones, et al. 2021: Technical Summary Archived 2022-07-21 at the Wayback Machine. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Archived 2021-08-09 at the Wayback Machine [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 33−144.

iucn.org

portals.iucn.org

"Ocean warming : causes, scale, effects and consequences. And why it should matter to everyone. Executive summary" (PDF). International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2016.

marinebio.org

MarineBio (2018-06-17). "The Deep Sea". MarineBio Conservation Society. Retrieved 2020-08-07.

nasa.gov

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

Michon Scott (24 April 2006). "Earth's Big Heat Bucket". NASA Earth Observatory.
Riebeek, Holli (16 June 2011). "The Carbon Cycle". Earth Observatory. NASA. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
Riebeek, Holli (1 July 2008). "The Ocean's Carbon Cycle". Earth Observatory. NASA. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
Adam Voiland and Joshua Stevens (8 March 2016). "Methane Matters". NASA Earth Observatory. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

climate.nasa.gov

Top 700 meters: Lindsey, Rebecca; Dahlman, Luann (6 September 2023). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. ● Top 2000 meters: "Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955". NASA.gov. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023.
"Vital Signs of the Plant: Ocean Heat Content". NASA. Retrieved 2021-11-15.
Maria-Jose Viñas and Carol Rasmussen (2015-08-05). "Warming seas and melting ice sheets". NASA.

sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov

"Ocean Surface Topography from Space: Ocean warming estimates from Jason". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 29 January 2020.

pubs.giss.nasa.gov

Hansen, J.; Russell, G.; Lacis, A.; Fung, I.; Rind, D.; Stone, P. (1985). "Climate response times: Dependence on climate sensitivity and ocean mixing" (PDF). Science. 229 (4716): 857–850. Bibcode:1985Sci...229..857H. doi:10.1126/science.229.4716.857. PMID 17777925.

ceres.larc.nasa.gov

"CERES Science". NASA. Retrieved 17 November 2023.

gpm.nasa.gov

"NASA Earth Science: Water Cycle". NASA. Retrieved 2021-10-27.

sealevel.nasa.gov

"NASA-led study reveals the causes of sea level rise since 1900". NASA. 2020-08-21.

nature.com

Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee; DeVries, Tim; Gregor, Luke; Hauck, Judith; Landschützer, Peter; McKinley, Galen; Müller, Jens (24 January 2023). "Trends and variability in the ocean carbon sink". Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 4 (2): 119–134. Bibcode:2023NRvEE...4..119G. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x. hdl:20.500.11850/595538. S2CID 256264357.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Li, Zhi; England, Matthew H.; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (2023). "Recent acceleration in global ocean heat accumulation by mode and intermediate waters". Nature Communications. 14 (6888): 6888. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.6888L. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42468-z. PMC 10613216. PMID 37898610.
Minière, Audrey; von Schuckmann, Karina; Sallée, Jean-baptiste; Vogt, Linus (2023). "Robust acceleration of Earth system heating observed over the past six decades". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 22975. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1322975M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49353-1. PMC 10752897. PMID 38151491.
Hansen, J.; Russell, G.; Lacis, A.; Fung, I.; Rind, D.; Stone, P. (1985). "Climate response times: Dependence on climate sensitivity and ocean mixing" (PDF). Science. 229 (4716): 857–850. Bibcode:1985Sci...229..857H. doi:10.1126/science.229.4716.857. PMID 17777925.
Sirpa Häkkinen; Peter B Rhines; Denise L Worthen (2015). "Heat content variability in the North Atlantic Ocean in ocean reanalyses". Geophys Res Lett. 42 (8): 2901–2909. Bibcode:2015GeoRL..42.2901H. doi:10.1002/2015GL063299. PMC 4681455. PMID 26709321.
Rahmstorf, Stefan (2003). "The concept of the thermohaline circulation". Nature. 421 (6924): 699. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..699R. doi:10.1038/421699a. PMID 12610602. S2CID 4414604.
Frederikse, Thomas; Landerer, Felix; Caron, Lambert; Adhikari, Surendra; Parkes, David; Humphrey, Vincent W.; et al. (2020). "The causes of sea-level rise since 1900". Nature. 584 (7821): 393–397. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2591-3. PMID 32814886. S2CID 221182575.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Li, Zhi; England, Matthew H.; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (2023). "Recent acceleration in global ocean heat accumulation by mode and intermediate waters". Nature Communications. 14 (6888): 6888. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14.6888L. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42468-z. PMC 10613216. PMID 37898610.
Minière, Audrey; von Schuckmann, Karina; Sallée, Jean-baptiste; Vogt, Linus (2023). "Robust acceleration of Earth system heating observed over the past six decades". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 22975. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1322975M. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-49353-1. PMC 10752897. PMID 38151491.
Sirpa Häkkinen; Peter B Rhines; Denise L Worthen (2015). "Heat content variability in the North Atlantic Ocean in ocean reanalyses". Geophys Res Lett. 42 (8): 2901–2909. Bibcode:2015GeoRL..42.2901H. doi:10.1002/2015GL063299. PMC 4681455. PMID 26709321.

noaa.gov

ncei.noaa.gov

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Monthly Global Climate Report for Annual 2023, published online January 2024, Retrieved on February 4, 2024 from https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202313.

oceanservice.noaa.gov

"What is a thermocline?". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2021-12-23.

research.noaa.gov

"So what are marine heat waves? - A NOAA scientist explains". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2019-10-08.

oceanmotion.org

"Ocean Motion : Definition : Wind Driven Surface Currents - Upwelling and Downwelling". Retrieved 2022-02-22.

phys.org

British Antarctic Survey (2021-12-15). "The threat from Thwaites: The retreat of Antarctica's riskiest glacier". phys.org.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Abraham; et al. (2013). "A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change". Reviews of Geophysics. 51 (3): 450–483. Bibcode:2013RvGeo..51..450A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.594.3698. doi:10.1002/rog.20022. S2CID 53350907.

rmets.org

Balmaseda, Trenberth & Källén (2013). "Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content". Geophysical Research Letters. 40 (9): 1754–1759. Bibcode:2013GeoRL..40.1754B. doi:10.1002/grl.50382. Essay Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine

sciencealert.com

Carly Cassella (2021-04-11). "Warm Water Under The 'Doomsday Glacier' Threatens to Melt It Faster Than We Predicted". sciencealert.com.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Trenberth, Kevin; Fasullo, John; Boyer, Tim; Locarnini, Ricardo; et al. (2021). "Upper Ocean Temperatures Hit Record High in 2020". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 38 (4): 523–530. Bibcode:2021AdAtS..38..523C. doi:10.1007/s00376-021-0447-x. S2CID 231672261.
McDougall, Trevor J.; Barker, Paul M.; Holmes, Ryan M.; Pawlowicz, Rich; Griffies, Stephen M.; Durack, Paul J. (2021-01-19). "The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output, and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content". Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. 14 (10): 6445–6466. doi:10.5194/gmd-2020-426. ISSN 1991-959X. S2CID 234212726.
Abraham; et al. (2013). "A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change". Reviews of Geophysics. 51 (3): 450–483. Bibcode:2013RvGeo..51..450A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.594.3698. doi:10.1002/rog.20022. S2CID 53350907.
Levitus, Sydney (17 May 2012). "World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (10): 1–3. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..3910603L. doi:10.1029/2012GL051106. ISSN 0094-8276. S2CID 55809622.
Messias, Marie-José; Mercier, Herlé (17 May 2022). "The redistribution of anthropogenic excess heat is a key driver of warming in the North Atlantic". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 118. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..118M. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00443-4. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 248816280.
Rahmstorf, Stefan (2003). "The concept of the thermohaline circulation". Nature. 421 (6924): 699. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..699R. doi:10.1038/421699a. PMID 12610602. S2CID 4414604.
Frederikse, Thomas; Landerer, Felix; Caron, Lambert; Adhikari, Surendra; Parkes, David; Humphrey, Vincent W.; et al. (2020). "The causes of sea-level rise since 1900". Nature. 584 (7821): 393–397. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2591-3. PMID 32814886. S2CID 221182575.
Gruber, Nicolas; Bakker, Dorothee; DeVries, Tim; Gregor, Luke; Hauck, Judith; Landschützer, Peter; McKinley, Galen; Müller, Jens (24 January 2023). "Trends and variability in the ocean carbon sink". Nature Reviews Earth & Environment. 4 (2): 119–134. Bibcode:2023NRvEE...4..119G. doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x. hdl:20.500.11850/595538. S2CID 256264357.

skepticalscience.com

Rob Painting (2 October 2011). "The Deep Ocean Warms When Global Surface Temperatures Stall". SkepticalScience.com. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
Rob Painting (24 June 2013). "A Looming Climate Shift: Will Ocean Heat Come Back to Haunt us?". SkepticalScience.com. Retrieved 15 July 2016.

teos-10.org

"TEOS-10: Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater - 2010". Joint Committee on the Properties of Seawater. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
"Getting started with TEOS-10 and the Gibbs Seawater (GSW) Oceanographic Toolbox" (PDF), teos-10.org, VERSION 3.06.12, 10 July 2020

theguardian.com

"The Great Barrier Reef: a catastrophe laid bare". The Guardian. 6 June 2016.

ucar.edu

scied.ucar.edu

"Transfer and Storage of Heat in the Oceans". UCAR Center for Science Education. Retrieved 17 November 2023.

news.ucar.edu

Laura Snider (2021-01-13). "2020 was a record-breaking year for ocean heat - Warmer ocean waters contribute to sea level rise and strengthen storms". National Center for Atmospheric Research.

ucm.es

eprints.ucm.es

Rahmstorf, Stefan; Box, Jason E.; Feulner, George; Mann, Michael E.; Robinson, Alexander; Rutherford, Scott; Schaffernicht, Erik J. (2015). "Exceptional twentieth-century slowdown in Atlantic Ocean overturning circulation" (PDF). Nature Climate Change. 5 (5): 475–480. Bibcode:2015NatCC...5..475R. doi:10.1038/nclimate2554.

ucsd.edu

argo.ucsd.edu

"About Argo". Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UC San Diego. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
"Deep Argo Mission". Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego. Retrieved 17 November 2023.

web.archive.org

Top 700 meters: Lindsey, Rebecca; Dahlman, Luann (6 September 2023). "Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content". climate.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Archived from the original on 29 October 2023. ● Top 2000 meters: "Ocean Warming / Latest Measurement: December 2022 / 345 (± 2) zettajoules since 1955". NASA.gov. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 20 October 2023.
Fox-Kemper, B., H.T. Hewitt, C. Xiao, G. Aðalgeirsdóttir, S.S. Drijfhout, T.L. Edwards, N.R. Golledge, M. Hemer, R.E. Kopp, G. Krinner, A. Mix, D. Notz, S. Nowicki, I.S. Nurhati, L. Ruiz, J.-B. Sallée, A.B.A. Slangen, and Y. Yu, 2021: Chapter 9: Ocean, Cryosphere and Sea Level Change Archived 2022-10-24 at the Wayback Machine. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Archived 2021-08-09 at the Wayback Machine [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1211–1362.
Cheng, Lijing; Foster, Grant; Hausfather, Zeke; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Abraham, John (2022). "Improved Quantification of the Rate of Ocean Warming". Journal of Climate. 35 (14): 4827–4840. Bibcode:2022JCli...35.4827C. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0895.1. Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine
Arias, P.A., N. Bellouin, E. Coppola, R.G. Jones, G. Krinner, J. Marotzke, V. Naik, M.D. Palmer, G.-K. Plattner, J. Rogelj, M. Rojas, J. Sillmann, T. Storelvmo, P.W. Thorne, B. Trewin, K. Achuta Rao, B. Adhikary, R.P. Allan, K. Armour, G. Bala, R. Barimalala, S. Berger, J.G. Canadell, C. Cassou, A. Cherchi, W. Collins, W.D. Collins, S.L. Connors, S. Corti, F. Cruz, F.J. Dentener, C. Dereczynski, A. Di Luca, A. Diongue Niang, F.J. Doblas-Reyes, A. Dosio, H. Douville, F. Engelbrecht, V. Eyring, E. Fischer, P. Forster, B. Fox-Kemper, J.S. Fuglestvedt, J.C. Fyfe, N.P. Gillett, L. Goldfarb, I. Gorodetskaya, J.M. Gutierrez, R. Hamdi, E. Hawkins, H.T. Hewitt, P. Hope, A.S. Islam, C. Jones, et al. 2021: Technical Summary Archived 2022-07-21 at the Wayback Machine. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Archived 2021-08-09 at the Wayback Machine [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 33−144.
Balmaseda, Trenberth & Källén (2013). "Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content". Geophysical Research Letters. 40 (9): 1754–1759. Bibcode:2013GeoRL..40.1754B. doi:10.1002/grl.50382. Essay Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
Riebeek, Holli (16 June 2011). "The Carbon Cycle". Earth Observatory. NASA. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2022.

whoi.edu

"El Niño & Other Oscillations". Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Retrieved 2021-10-08.

worldcat.org

Cheng, Lijing; Abraham, John; Trenberth, Kevin E.; Boyer, Tim; Mann, Michael E.; Zhu, Jiang; Wang, Fan; Yu, Fujiang; Locarnini, Ricardo; Fasullo, John; Zheng, Fei; Li, Yuanlong; et al. (2024). "New record ocean temperatures and related climate indicators in 2023". Advances in Atmospheric Sciences. 41 (6): 1068–1082. Bibcode:2024AdAtS..41.1068C. doi:10.1007/s00376-024-3378-5. ISSN 0256-1530.
Graham, Felicity S.; McDougall, Trevor J. (2013-05-01). "Quantifying the Nonconservative Production of Conservative Temperature, Potential Temperature, and Entropy". Journal of Physical Oceanography. 43 (5): 838–862. Bibcode:2013JPO....43..838G. doi:10.1175/jpo-d-11-0188.1. ISSN 0022-3670.
McDougall, Trevor J.; Barker, Paul M.; Holmes, Ryan M.; Pawlowicz, Rich; Griffies, Stephen M.; Durack, Paul J. (2021-01-19). "The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output, and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content". Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. 14 (10): 6445–6466. doi:10.5194/gmd-2020-426. ISSN 1991-959X. S2CID 234212726.
Trenberth, Kevin E; Cheng, Lijing (2022-09-01). "A perspective on climate change from Earth's energy imbalance". Environmental Research: Climate. 1 (1): 013001. doi:10.1088/2752-5295/ac6f74. ISSN 2752-5295.
Levitus, Sydney (17 May 2012). "World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010". Geophysical Research Letters. 39 (10): 1–3. Bibcode:2012GeoRL..3910603L. doi:10.1029/2012GL051106. ISSN 0094-8276. S2CID 55809622.
Messias, Marie-José; Mercier, Herlé (17 May 2022). "The redistribution of anthropogenic excess heat is a key driver of warming in the North Atlantic". Communications Earth & Environment. 3 (1): 118. Bibcode:2022ComEE...3..118M. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00443-4. ISSN 2662-4435. S2CID 248816280.