October surprise (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "October surprise" in English language version.

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archive.org

  • "The Atlantic". Boston. September 9, 1857. p. 181 – via Internet Archive. An illustration of the change that has taken place within a very few years may be seen in the history of the campaign lie, known in American politics as the ' roorbach.' The name first became current in 1844, when a mendacious statement, purporting to lie taken from Roorbach's Tour through the Western and Southern States was published wild the intent to destroy Mr. Polk's chances for the presidency. Under conditions then existing, it was thought safe to launch this falsehood two months before the election. By 1880, when the Morey letter was sprung upon Garfield, the expectancy of life for the roorbach had been reduced to two weeks.
  • Germond, Jack; Witcover, Jules (1981). Blue smoke and mirrors : how Reagan won and why Carter lost the election of 1980. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-51383-3.
  • Honegger, Barbara (1989). October surprise. New York: Tudor. ISBN 978-0-944276-46-4 – via Internet Archive.

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  • "John McCain and the October Surprise". The New York Observer. Archived from the original on October 12, 2008. Retrieved January 27, 2009. The term "October surprise" is most famously associated with the 1980 campaign, when Republicans spent the fall worrying that Jimmy Carter would engineer a last-minute deal to free the American hostages who had been held in Iran since the previous year. Carter and Ronald Reagan were locked in a close race, but an awful economy and flagging national confidence made the president supremely vulnerable.

politico.com

  • Gee, Taylor (October 4, 2016). "15 October Surprises That Wreaked Havoc on Politics". Politico Magazine. Archived from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
  • Gee, Taylor (October 4, 2016). "15 October Surprises That Wreaked Havoc on Politics". Politico Magazine. Archived from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved July 16, 2020.
  • Greenfield, Jeff (October 15, 2024). "The October Surprise May Be Arriving Shortly". Politico. Archived from the original on January 7, 2025.
  • Stokols, Eli; Schneider, Elena; Egan, Lauren; Johansen, Ben (October 28, 2024). "'For Puerto Ricans, this is our October surprise'". Politico. Retrieved October 28, 2024.

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