Polystyrene (English Wikipedia)

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Berthelot, M. (1866) "Sur Les caractères de la benzine et du styrolène, comparés avec ceux des Autres carburetors d'hydrogène" ("On the characters of benzene and styrene, compared with those of other hydrocarbons"), Bulletin de la Société Chimique de Paris, 2nd series, 6: 289–298. From p. 294: "On sait que le stryolène chauffé en vase scellé à 200°, pendant Quelques heures, se change en un polymère résineux (métastyrol), et que ce polymère, distillé brusquement, reproduit le styrolène." ("One knows that styrene [when] heated in a sealed vessel at 200 °C, for several hours, is changed into a resinous polymer (polystyrene), and that this polymer, [when] distilled abruptly, reproduces styrene.")

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Mihai, Mihaela; Huneault, Michel A.; Favis, Basil D. (2016). "Foaming of Polystyrene/ Thermoplastic Starch Blends". Journal of Cellular Plastics. 43 (3): 215–236. doi:10.1177/0021955X07076532. S2CID 135968555.

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Nelligan, R.J. (2006). Guidelines for the use of expanded foam polystyrene panel systems in industrial buildings to minimize the risk of fire (PDF) (MS Thesis). OCLC 166313665.

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Wypych, George (2012). "PS polystyrene". Handbook of Polymers. pp. 541–7. doi:10.1016/B978-1-895198-47-8.50162-4. ISBN 978-1-895198-47-8.
Maul, J.; Frushour, B. G.; Kontoff, J. R.; Eichenauer, H.; Ott, K.-H. and Schade, C. (2007) "Polystyrene and Styrene Copolymers" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_615.pub2
Carroll, Gregory T.; Sojka, Melissa E.; Lei, Xuegong; Turro, Nicholas J.; Koberstein, Jeffrey T. (1 August 2006). "Photoactive Additives for Cross-Linking Polymer Films: Inhibition of Dewetting in Thin Polymer Films". Langmuir. 22 (18): 7748–7754. doi:10.1021/la0611099. ISSN 0743-7463. PMID 16922559.
Kwon BG, Saido K, Koizumi K, Sato H, Ogawa N, Chung SY, Kusui T, Kodera Y, Kogure K, et al. (May 2014). "Regional distribution of styrene analogues generated from polystyrene degradation along the coastlines of the North-East Pacific Ocean and Hawaii". Environmental Pollution. 188: 45–9. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.01.019. PMID 24553245.
Natta, G.; Corradini, P.; Bassi, I. W. (1960). "Crystal structure of isotactic polystyrene". Il Nuovo Cimento. 15 (S1): 68–82. Bibcode:1960NCim...15S..68N. doi:10.1007/BF02731861. S2CID 119808547.
Ho, Ba Thanh; Roberts, Timothy K.; Lucas, Steven (August 2017). "An overview on biodegradation of polystyrene and modified polystyrene: the microbial approach". Critical Reviews in Biotechnology. 38 (2): 308–320. doi:10.1080/07388551.2017.1355293. PMID 28764575. S2CID 13417812.
Yang Y, Yang J, Wu WM, Zhao J, Song Y, Gao L, Yang R, Jiang L (October 2015). "Biodegradation and Mineralization of Polystyrene by Plastic-Eating Mealworms: Part 1. Chemical and Physical Characterization and Isotopic Tests". Environmental Science & Technology. 49 (20): 12080–6. Bibcode:2015EnST...4912080Y. doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b02661. PMID 26390034.
Sun, Jiarui; Prabhu, Apoorva; Aroney, Samuel T. N.; Christian, Rinke (2022). "Insights into plastic biodegradation: community composition and functional capabilities of the superworm (Zophobas morio) microbiome in styrofoam feeding trials". Microbial Genomics. 8 (6): 1–19. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000842. PMC 9455710. PMID 35678705.
Ward PG, Goff M, Donner M, Kaminsky W, O'Connor KE (April 2006). "A two step chemo-biotechnological conversion of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic". Environmental Science & Technology. 40 (7): 2433–7. Bibcode:2006EnST...40.2433W. doi:10.1021/es0517668. PMID 16649270.
Doroudiani, Saeed; Kortschot, Mark T. (2016). "Expanded Wood Fiber Polystyrene Composites: Processing–Structure–Mechanical Properties Relationships". Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. 17: 13–30. doi:10.1177/0892705704035405. S2CID 138224146.
Doroudiani, Saeed; Chaffey, Charles E.; Kortschot, Mark T. (2002). "Sorption and diffusion of carbon dioxide in wood-fiber/polystyrene composites". Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics. 40 (8): 723–735. Bibcode:2002JPoSB..40..723D. doi:10.1002/polb.10129.
Mihai, Mihaela; Huneault, Michel A.; Favis, Basil D. (2016). "Foaming of Polystyrene/ Thermoplastic Starch Blends". Journal of Cellular Plastics. 43 (3): 215–236. doi:10.1177/0021955X07076532. S2CID 135968555.
Faller, Ronald; Bielenberg, Robert; Sicking, Dean; Rohde, John; Reid, John (5 December 2006). Development and Testing of the SAFER Barrier – Version 2, SAFER Barrier Gate, and Alternative Backup Structure. SAE Mobilus (Report). SAE Technical Paper Series. Vol. 1. doi:10.4271/2006-01-3612.
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Mills, N.J.; Wilkes, S.; Derler, S.; Flisch, A. (July 2009). "FEA of oblique impact tests on a motorcycle helmet". International Journal of Impact Engineering. 36 (7): 913–925. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2008.12.011. ISSN 0734-743X. S2CID 138180148.
Al-Ajlan, Saleh A. (1 December 2006). "Measurements of thermal properties of insulation materials by using transient plane source technique". Applied Thermal Engineering. 26 (17): 2184–2191. Bibcode:2006AppTE..26.2184A. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.04.006. ISSN 1359-4311.
Yousif, Emad; Haddad, Raghad (December 2013). "Photodegradation and photostabilization of polymers, especially polystyrene: review". SpringerPlus. 2 (1): 398. doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-398. PMC 4320144. PMID 25674392.
Karbalaei, Samaneh; Hanachi, Parichehr; Rafiee, Gholamreza; Seifori, Parvaneh; Walker, Tony R. (September 2020). "Toxicity of polystyrene microplastics on juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) after individual and combined exposure with chlorpyrifos". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 403: 123980. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123980. PMID 33265019. S2CID 224995527.
Schnurr, Riley E.J.; Alboiu, Vanessa; Chaudhary, Meenakshi; Corbett, Roan A.; Quanz, Meaghan E.; Sankar, Karthikeshwar; Srain, Harveer S.; Thavarajah, Venukasan; Xanthos, Dirk; Walker, Tony R. (2018). "Reducing marine pollution from single-use plastics (SUPs): A review". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 137: 157–171. Bibcode:2018MarPB.137..157S. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.001. PMID 30503422. S2CID 54522420.
Oh, Sewon; Stache, Erin E. (6 April 2022). "Chemical Upcycling of Commercial Polystyrene via Catalyst-Controlled Photooxidation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 144 (13): 5745–5749. doi:10.1021/jacs.2c01411. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 35319868. S2CID 247629479.
Hawley-Fedder, R.A.; Parsons, M.L.; Karasek, F.W. (1984). "Products obtained during combustion of polymers under simulated incinerator conditions". Journal of Chromatography A. 315: 201–210. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90737-X. Quoted from a campaign site giving no details of the original source and experiment conditions.
Gurman, Joshua L. (1987). "Polystyrenes: A Review of the Literature on the Products of Thermal Decomposition and Toxicity". Fire and Materials. 11 (3). NIST: 109–130. doi:10.1002/fam.810110302. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
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Natta, G.; Corradini, P.; Bassi, I. W. (1960). "Crystal structure of isotactic polystyrene". Il Nuovo Cimento. 15 (S1): 68–82. Bibcode:1960NCim...15S..68N. doi:10.1007/BF02731861. S2CID 119808547.
Yang Y, Yang J, Wu WM, Zhao J, Song Y, Gao L, Yang R, Jiang L (October 2015). "Biodegradation and Mineralization of Polystyrene by Plastic-Eating Mealworms: Part 1. Chemical and Physical Characterization and Isotopic Tests". Environmental Science & Technology. 49 (20): 12080–6. Bibcode:2015EnST...4912080Y. doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b02661. PMID 26390034.
Ward PG, Goff M, Donner M, Kaminsky W, O'Connor KE (April 2006). "A two step chemo-biotechnological conversion of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic". Environmental Science & Technology. 40 (7): 2433–7. Bibcode:2006EnST...40.2433W. doi:10.1021/es0517668. PMID 16649270.
Doroudiani, Saeed; Chaffey, Charles E.; Kortschot, Mark T. (2002). "Sorption and diffusion of carbon dioxide in wood-fiber/polystyrene composites". Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics. 40 (8): 723–735. Bibcode:2002JPoSB..40..723D. doi:10.1002/polb.10129.
Al-Ajlan, Saleh A. (1 December 2006). "Measurements of thermal properties of insulation materials by using transient plane source technique". Applied Thermal Engineering. 26 (17): 2184–2191. Bibcode:2006AppTE..26.2184A. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2006.04.006. ISSN 1359-4311.
Schnurr, Riley E.J.; Alboiu, Vanessa; Chaudhary, Meenakshi; Corbett, Roan A.; Quanz, Meaghan E.; Sankar, Karthikeshwar; Srain, Harveer S.; Thavarajah, Venukasan; Xanthos, Dirk; Walker, Tony R. (2018). "Reducing marine pollution from single-use plastics (SUPs): A review". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 137: 157–171. Bibcode:2018MarPB.137..157S. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.001. PMID 30503422. S2CID 54522420.

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Kwon BG, Saido K, Koizumi K, Sato H, Ogawa N, Chung SY, Kusui T, Kodera Y, Kogure K, et al. (May 2014). "Regional distribution of styrene analogues generated from polystyrene degradation along the coastlines of the North-East Pacific Ocean and Hawaii". Environmental Pollution. 188: 45–9. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.01.019. PMID 24553245.
Ho, Ba Thanh; Roberts, Timothy K.; Lucas, Steven (August 2017). "An overview on biodegradation of polystyrene and modified polystyrene: the microbial approach". Critical Reviews in Biotechnology. 38 (2): 308–320. doi:10.1080/07388551.2017.1355293. PMID 28764575. S2CID 13417812.
Yang Y, Yang J, Wu WM, Zhao J, Song Y, Gao L, Yang R, Jiang L (October 2015). "Biodegradation and Mineralization of Polystyrene by Plastic-Eating Mealworms: Part 1. Chemical and Physical Characterization and Isotopic Tests". Environmental Science & Technology. 49 (20): 12080–6. Bibcode:2015EnST...4912080Y. doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b02661. PMID 26390034.
Sun, Jiarui; Prabhu, Apoorva; Aroney, Samuel T. N.; Christian, Rinke (2022). "Insights into plastic biodegradation: community composition and functional capabilities of the superworm (Zophobas morio) microbiome in styrofoam feeding trials". Microbial Genomics. 8 (6): 1–19. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000842. PMC 9455710. PMID 35678705.
Ward PG, Goff M, Donner M, Kaminsky W, O'Connor KE (April 2006). "A two step chemo-biotechnological conversion of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic". Environmental Science & Technology. 40 (7): 2433–7. Bibcode:2006EnST...40.2433W. doi:10.1021/es0517668. PMID 16649270.
Yousif, Emad; Haddad, Raghad (December 2013). "Photodegradation and photostabilization of polymers, especially polystyrene: review". SpringerPlus. 2 (1): 398. doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-398. PMC 4320144. PMID 25674392.
Karbalaei, Samaneh; Hanachi, Parichehr; Rafiee, Gholamreza; Seifori, Parvaneh; Walker, Tony R. (September 2020). "Toxicity of polystyrene microplastics on juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) after individual and combined exposure with chlorpyrifos". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 403: 123980. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123980. PMID 33265019. S2CID 224995527.
Schnurr, Riley E.J.; Alboiu, Vanessa; Chaudhary, Meenakshi; Corbett, Roan A.; Quanz, Meaghan E.; Sankar, Karthikeshwar; Srain, Harveer S.; Thavarajah, Venukasan; Xanthos, Dirk; Walker, Tony R. (2018). "Reducing marine pollution from single-use plastics (SUPs): A review". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 137: 157–171. Bibcode:2018MarPB.137..157S. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.001. PMID 30503422. S2CID 54522420.
Oh, Sewon; Stache, Erin E. (6 April 2022). "Chemical Upcycling of Commercial Polystyrene via Catalyst-Controlled Photooxidation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 144 (13): 5745–5749. doi:10.1021/jacs.2c01411. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 35319868. S2CID 247629479.
Cohen JT; Carlson G; Charnley G; Coggon D; Delzell E; Graham JD; Greim H; Krewski D; Medinsky M; Monson R; Paustenbach D; Petersen B; Rappaport S; Rhomberg L; Ryan PB; Thompson K (2011). "A comprehensive evaluation of the potential health risks associated with occupational and environmental exposure to styrene". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B: Critical Reviews. 5 (1–2): 1–265. doi:10.1080/10937400252972162. PMID 12012775. S2CID 5547163.
- "A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Potential Health Risks Associated with Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Styrene". The McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment.
- Yanagiba Y, Ito Y, Yamanoshita O, Zhang SY, Watanabe G, Taya K, Li CM, Inotsume Y, Kamijima M, Gonzalez FJ, Nakajima T (June 2008). "Styrene trimer may increase thyroid hormone levels via down-regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) target gene UDP-glucuronosyltransferase". Environmental Health Perspectives. 116 (6): 740–5. doi:10.1289/ehp.10724. PMC 2430229. PMID 18560529.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Sun, Jiarui; Prabhu, Apoorva; Aroney, Samuel T. N.; Christian, Rinke (2022). "Insights into plastic biodegradation: community composition and functional capabilities of the superworm (Zophobas morio) microbiome in styrofoam feeding trials". Microbial Genomics. 8 (6): 1–19. doi:10.1099/mgen.0.000842. PMC 9455710. PMID 35678705.
- Yousif, Emad; Haddad, Raghad (December 2013). "Photodegradation and photostabilization of polymers, especially polystyrene: review". SpringerPlus. 2 (1): 398. doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-398. PMC 4320144. PMID 25674392.
- Yanagiba Y, Ito Y, Yamanoshita O, Zhang SY, Watanabe G, Taya K, Li CM, Inotsume Y, Kamijima M, Gonzalez FJ, Nakajima T (June 2008). "Styrene trimer may increase thyroid hormone levels via down-regulation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) target gene UDP-glucuronosyltransferase". Environmental Health Perspectives. 116 (6): 740–5. doi:10.1289/ehp.10724. PMC 2430229. PMID 18560529.
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