Portuguese man o' war (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Portuguese man o' war" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

30doi.org

2^nd place

19harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

19nih.gov

4^th place

15web.archive.org

1^st place

9semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

8worldcat.org

5^th place

4marinespecies.org

973^rd place

894^th place

2biodiversitylibrary.org

387^th place

373^rd place

2oed.com

360^th place

231^st place

2books.google.com

3^rd place

2creativecommons.org

1,010^th place

612^th place

2nationalgeographic.com

344^th place

296^th place

1australian.museum

low place

6,629^th place

1merriam-webster.com

209^th place

191^st place

1siphonophores.org

low place

1teara.govt.nz

1,473^rd place

929^th place

1thoughtco.com

1,430^th place

1,166^th place

1sc.gov

7,457^th place

4,060^th place

1biologists.org

3,870^th place

3,434^th place

1noaa.gov

212^th place

172^nd place

1bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

1bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

1thecephalopodpage.org

low place

1oceana.org

low place

1tolweb.org

2,992^nd place

3,299^th place

1jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

1springer.com

274^th place

309^th place

1archive.today

14^th place

1jst.go.jp

1,903^rd place

2,346^th place

1tandfonline.com

507^th place

429^th place

1handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

1hawaii.edu

1,308^th place

924^th place

1medicinenet.com

3,840^th place

3,358^th place

1archive.org

6^th place

1mja.com.au

low place

8,161^st place

1racgp.org.au

low place

1sciencedirect.com

149^th place

178^th place

1nature.com

234^th place

397^th place

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; Elston, Dirk M.; Odom, Richard B. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 429. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Purcell, Jennifer E.; Arai, Mary N. (2001). "Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1/3): 27–44. Bibcode:2001HyBio.451...27P. doi:10.1023/A:1011883905394. S2CID 31059411. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022. PDF

australian.museum (Global: low place; English: 6,629^th place)

"Bluebottle". The Australian Museum. Retrieved 2024-01-23.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

"Dangerous jellyfish wash up". BBC News. 2008-08-18. Archived from the original on 2011-05-11. Retrieved 2011-09-07./

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

"Man-of-war spotted along coast in Cornwall and Wales". BBC. 12 September 2017. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2018.

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 387^th place; English: 373^rd place)

Lamarck, J. B. (1801). Système des animaux sans vertèbres. Paris, France: by the author and Deterville. pp. 355–356. Archived from the original on 2023-06-07. Retrieved 2023-06-07 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Brandt, Johann Friedrich (1834–1835). "Prodromus descriptionis animalium ab H. Mertensio in orbis terrarum circumnavigatione observatorum. Fascic. I., Polypos, Acalephas Discophoras et Siphonophoras, nec non Echinodermata continens". Recueil Actes des séances publiques de l'Acadadémie impériale des Science de St. Pétersbourg 1834: 201–275. Archived from the original on 2023-06-07. Retrieved 2023-06-07 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

biologists.org (Global: 3,870^th place; English: 3,434^th place)

jeb.biologists.org

Wittenberg, Jonathan B. (1960). "The Source of Carbon Monoxide in the Float of the Portuguese Man-of-War, Physalia physalis L" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 37 (4): 698–705. Bibcode:1960JExpB..37..698W. doi:10.1242/jeb.37.4.698.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Carl von Linné, translated by William Turton (1806). Volume 4: Worms. A general system of nature: through the three grand kingdoms of animals, vegetables, and minerals, systematically divided into their several classes, orders, genera, species, and varieties. London: Lackington, Allen, and Co.
Richard A. Clinchy (1996). Dive First Responder. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-8016-7525-6. Archived from the original on 2017-02-17. Retrieved 2016-11-03.

creativecommons.org (Global: 1,010^th place; English: 612^th place)

Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Lee, Daniel; Schaeffer, Amandine; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (October 2021). "Drifting dynamics of the bluebottle (Physalia physalis)". Ocean Science. 17 (5). Copernicus GmbH: 1341–1351. Bibcode:2021OcSci..17.1341L. doi:10.5194/os-17-1341-2021. ISSN 1812-0792. S2CID 244189437. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Pontin, D. R.; Cruickshank, R. H. (2012-05-01). "Molecular phylogenetics of the genus Physalia (Cnidaria: Siphonophora) in New Zealand coastal waters reveals cryptic diversity". Hydrobiologia. 686 (1): 91–105. Bibcode:2012HyBio.686...91P. doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0994-8. ISSN 1573-5117.
"Physalia". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/OED/1032760934. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
Pontin, D. R.; Cruickshank, R. H. (2012-01-24). "Molecular phylogenetics of the genus Physalia (Cnidaria: Siphonophora) in New Zealand coastal waters reveals cryptic diversity". Hydrobiologia. 686: 91–105. Bibcode:2012HyBio.686...91P. doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0994-8.
Church, Samuel H.; et al. (2025-08-04). "Population genomics of a sailing siphonophore reveals genetic structure in the open ocean". Current Biology. 35 (15): 3556–3569.e6. Bibcode:2025CBio...35.3556C. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2025.05.066. PMID 40541187.
Bardi, Juliana; Marques, Antonio C (2007). "Taxonomic redescription of the Portuguese man-of-war, Physalia physalis (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Siphonophorae, Cystonectae) from Brazil". Iheringia. Série Zoologia. 97 (4): 425–433. doi:10.1590/S0073-47212007000400011.
Cegolon, Luca; Heymann, William C.; Lange, John H.; Mastrangelo, Giuseppe (2013-02-22). "Jellyfish Stings and Their Management: A Review". Marine Drugs. 11 (2): 523–550. Bibcode:2013MarDr..11..523C. doi:10.3390/md11020523. PMC 3640396. PMID 23434796.
Yongstar, Chanikarn; et al. (2025-10-30). "Physalia mikazuki sp. nov. (Phylum Cnidaria; class Hydrozoa) blown into Japan's northeast (Tohoku) at the whim of marine ecosystem change". Frontiers in Marine Science. 12 1653958. Bibcode:2025FrMaS..1253958Y. doi:10.3389/fmars.2025.1653958.
Munro, Catriona; Siebert, Stefan; Zapata, Felipe; Howison, Mark; Damian-Serrano, Alejandro; Church, Samuel H.; Goetz, Freya E.; Pugh, Philip R.; Haddock, Steven H. D.; Dunn, Casey W. (2018-10-01). "Improved phylogenetic resolution within Siphonophora (Cnidaria) with implications for trait evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 823–833. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..823M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.030. ISSN 1055-7903. PMC 6064665. PMID 29940256.
Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Lee, Daniel; Schaeffer, Amandine; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (October 2021). "Drifting dynamics of the bluebottle (Physalia physalis)". Ocean Science. 17 (5). Copernicus GmbH: 1341–1351. Bibcode:2021OcSci..17.1341L. doi:10.5194/os-17-1341-2021. ISSN 1812-0792. S2CID 244189437. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Wittenberg, Jonathan B. (1960). "The Source of Carbon Monoxide in the Float of the Portuguese Man-of-War, Physalia physalis L" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 37 (4): 698–705. Bibcode:1960JExpB..37..698W. doi:10.1242/jeb.37.4.698.
Clark, F.E.; Lane, C.E. (1961). "Composition of float gases of Physalia physalis". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 107 (3): 673–674. doi:10.3181/00379727-107-26724. PMID 13693830. S2CID 2687386.
Sousa, Lara L.; Xavier, Raquel; Costa, Vânia; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Trueman, Clive; Rosa, Rui; Sims, David W.; Queiroz, Nuno (2016). "DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish". Scientific Reports. 6 (1) 28762. Bibcode:2016NatSR...628762S. doi:10.1038/srep28762. PMC 4931451. PMID 27373803.
Jones, E.C. (1963). "Tremoctopus violaceus uses Physalia tentacles as weapons". Science. 139 (3556): 764–766. Bibcode:1963Sci...139..764J. doi:10.1126/science.139.3556.764. PMID 17829125. S2CID 40186769.
Jenkins, R. L. (10 February 1983). "Observations on the Commensal Relationship of Nomeus gronovii with Physalia physalis". Copeia. 1983 (1): 250–252. doi:10.2307/1444723. JSTOR 1444723.
Purcell, Jennifer E.; Arai, Mary N. (2001). "Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1/3): 27–44. Bibcode:2001HyBio.451...27P. doi:10.1023/A:1011883905394. S2CID 31059411. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022. PDF
Kato, Kojiro (1933). "Is Nomeus a harmless Inquilinus of Physalia?". Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 9 (9): 537–538. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.9.537.
Colaço Martins, Lara (2024). "Unravelling environmental drivers and patterns of Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis) blooms in two ocean regions: North Atlantic and the Southeast Pacific". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 209 117278. Bibcode:2024MarPB.20917278C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117278.
Bosch-Belmar, Mar (2020-09-02). "Jellyfish Impacts on Marine Aquaculture and Fisheries". Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. 29 (2): 242–259. doi:10.1080/23308249.2020.1806201. hdl:10447/531140. ISSN 2330-8249.
Yanagihara, Angel A.; Kuroiwa, Janelle M.Y.; Oliver, Louise M.; Kunkel, Dennis D. (2002). "The ultrastructure of nematocysts from the fishing tentacle of the Hawaiian bluebottle, Physalia utriculus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Siphonophora)" (PDF). Hydrobiologia. 489 (1–3): 139–150. Bibcode:2002HyBio.489..139Y. doi:10.1023/A:1023272519668. S2CID 603421.
Auerbach, Paul S. (1997). "Envenomations from jellyfish and related species". Journal of Emergency Nursing. 23 (6): 555–565. doi:10.1016/S0099-1767(97)90269-5. PMID 9460392.
Stein, Mark R.; Marraccini, John V.; Rothschild, Neal E.; Burnett, Joseph W. (1989). "Fatal Portuguese man-o'-war (Physalia physalis) envenomation". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 18 (3): 312–315. doi:10.1016/S0196-0644(89)80421-4. PMID 2564268.
Fenner, Peter J.; Williamson, John A. (December 1996). "Worldwide deaths and severe envenomation from jellyfish stings". Medical Journal of Australia. 165 (11–12): 658–661. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138679.x. ISSN 0025-729X. PMID 8985452. S2CID 45032896. In Australia, particularly on the east coast, up to 10 000 stings occur each summer from the bluebottle (Physalia spp.) alone, with others also from the "hair jellyfish" (Cyanea) and "blubber" (Catostylus). Common stingers in South Australia and Western Australia, include bluebottle, as well the four-tentacled cubozoa or box jellyfish, the "jimble" (Carybdea rastoni)
Loten, Conrad; Stokes, Barrie; Worsley, David; Seymour, Jamie E.; Jiang, Simon; Isbister, Geoffrey K. (2006). "A randomised controlled trial of hot water (45 °C) immersion versus ice packs for pain relief in bluebottle stings" (PDF). Medical Journal of Australia. 184 (7): 329–333. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00265.x. PMID 16584366. S2CID 14684627.
Iosilevskii, G.; Weihs, D. (2009). "Hydrodynamics of sailing of the Portuguese man-of-war Physalia physalis". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 6 (36): 613–626. doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0457. PMC 2696138. PMID 19091687.
Prieto, L.; MacÍas, D.; Peliz, A.; Ruiz, J. (2015). "Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalis) in the Mediterranean: A permanent invasion or a casual appearance?". Scientific Reports. 5 11545. Bibcode:2015NatSR...511545P. doi:10.1038/srep11545. PMC 4480229. PMID 26108978.
Ferrer, Luis; González, Manuel (2021-01-01). "Relationship between dimorphism and drift in the Portuguese man-of-war". Continental Shelf Research. 212 104269. Bibcode:2021CSR...21204269F. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2020.104269. ISSN 0278-4343.
Woodcock, A.H. (1956). "Dimorphism in the Portuguese man-of-war". Nature. 178 (4527): 253–255. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..253W. doi:10.1038/178253a0. S2CID 4297968.
Ferrer, Luis; Pastor, Ane (2017). "The Portuguese man-of-war: gone with the wind". Regional Studies in Marine Science. 14: 53–62. Bibcode:2017RSMS...14...53F. doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2017.05.004.
Headlam, Jasmine L.; Lyons, Kieran; Kenny, Jon; Lenihan, Eamonn S.; Quigley, Declan T.G.; Helps, William; Dugon, Michel M.; Doyle, Thomas K. (2020). "Insights on the origin and drift trajectories of Portuguese man of war (Physalia physalis) over the Celtic Sea shelf area". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 246 107033. Bibcode:2020ECSS..24607033H. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107033. S2CID 224908448.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

hdl.handle.net

Bosch-Belmar, Mar (2020-09-02). "Jellyfish Impacts on Marine Aquaculture and Fisheries". Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. 29 (2): 242–259. doi:10.1080/23308249.2020.1806201. hdl:10447/531140. ISSN 2330-8249.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Pontin, D. R.; Cruickshank, R. H. (2012-05-01). "Molecular phylogenetics of the genus Physalia (Cnidaria: Siphonophora) in New Zealand coastal waters reveals cryptic diversity". Hydrobiologia. 686 (1): 91–105. Bibcode:2012HyBio.686...91P. doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0994-8. ISSN 1573-5117.
Pontin, D. R.; Cruickshank, R. H. (2012-01-24). "Molecular phylogenetics of the genus Physalia (Cnidaria: Siphonophora) in New Zealand coastal waters reveals cryptic diversity". Hydrobiologia. 686: 91–105. Bibcode:2012HyBio.686...91P. doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0994-8.
Church, Samuel H.; et al. (2025-08-04). "Population genomics of a sailing siphonophore reveals genetic structure in the open ocean". Current Biology. 35 (15): 3556–3569.e6. Bibcode:2025CBio...35.3556C. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2025.05.066. PMID 40541187.
Cegolon, Luca; Heymann, William C.; Lange, John H.; Mastrangelo, Giuseppe (2013-02-22). "Jellyfish Stings and Their Management: A Review". Marine Drugs. 11 (2): 523–550. Bibcode:2013MarDr..11..523C. doi:10.3390/md11020523. PMC 3640396. PMID 23434796.
Yongstar, Chanikarn; et al. (2025-10-30). "Physalia mikazuki sp. nov. (Phylum Cnidaria; class Hydrozoa) blown into Japan's northeast (Tohoku) at the whim of marine ecosystem change". Frontiers in Marine Science. 12 1653958. Bibcode:2025FrMaS..1253958Y. doi:10.3389/fmars.2025.1653958.
Munro, Catriona; Siebert, Stefan; Zapata, Felipe; Howison, Mark; Damian-Serrano, Alejandro; Church, Samuel H.; Goetz, Freya E.; Pugh, Philip R.; Haddock, Steven H. D.; Dunn, Casey W. (2018-10-01). "Improved phylogenetic resolution within Siphonophora (Cnidaria) with implications for trait evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 823–833. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..823M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.030. ISSN 1055-7903. PMC 6064665. PMID 29940256.
Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Lee, Daniel; Schaeffer, Amandine; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (October 2021). "Drifting dynamics of the bluebottle (Physalia physalis)". Ocean Science. 17 (5). Copernicus GmbH: 1341–1351. Bibcode:2021OcSci..17.1341L. doi:10.5194/os-17-1341-2021. ISSN 1812-0792. S2CID 244189437. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Wittenberg, Jonathan B. (1960). "The Source of Carbon Monoxide in the Float of the Portuguese Man-of-War, Physalia physalis L" (PDF). Journal of Experimental Biology. 37 (4): 698–705. Bibcode:1960JExpB..37..698W. doi:10.1242/jeb.37.4.698.
Sousa, Lara L.; Xavier, Raquel; Costa, Vânia; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Trueman, Clive; Rosa, Rui; Sims, David W.; Queiroz, Nuno (2016). "DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish". Scientific Reports. 6 (1) 28762. Bibcode:2016NatSR...628762S. doi:10.1038/srep28762. PMC 4931451. PMID 27373803.
Jones, E.C. (1963). "Tremoctopus violaceus uses Physalia tentacles as weapons". Science. 139 (3556): 764–766. Bibcode:1963Sci...139..764J. doi:10.1126/science.139.3556.764. PMID 17829125. S2CID 40186769.
Purcell, Jennifer E.; Arai, Mary N. (2001). "Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1/3): 27–44. Bibcode:2001HyBio.451...27P. doi:10.1023/A:1011883905394. S2CID 31059411. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022. PDF
Colaço Martins, Lara (2024). "Unravelling environmental drivers and patterns of Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis) blooms in two ocean regions: North Atlantic and the Southeast Pacific". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 209 117278. Bibcode:2024MarPB.20917278C. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117278.
Yanagihara, Angel A.; Kuroiwa, Janelle M.Y.; Oliver, Louise M.; Kunkel, Dennis D. (2002). "The ultrastructure of nematocysts from the fishing tentacle of the Hawaiian bluebottle, Physalia utriculus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Siphonophora)" (PDF). Hydrobiologia. 489 (1–3): 139–150. Bibcode:2002HyBio.489..139Y. doi:10.1023/A:1023272519668. S2CID 603421.
Prieto, L.; MacÍas, D.; Peliz, A.; Ruiz, J. (2015). "Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalis) in the Mediterranean: A permanent invasion or a casual appearance?". Scientific Reports. 5 11545. Bibcode:2015NatSR...511545P. doi:10.1038/srep11545. PMC 4480229. PMID 26108978.
Ferrer, Luis; González, Manuel (2021-01-01). "Relationship between dimorphism and drift in the Portuguese man-of-war". Continental Shelf Research. 212 104269. Bibcode:2021CSR...21204269F. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2020.104269. ISSN 0278-4343.
Woodcock, A.H. (1956). "Dimorphism in the Portuguese man-of-war". Nature. 178 (4527): 253–255. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..253W. doi:10.1038/178253a0. S2CID 4297968.
Ferrer, Luis; Pastor, Ane (2017). "The Portuguese man-of-war: gone with the wind". Regional Studies in Marine Science. 14: 53–62. Bibcode:2017RSMS...14...53F. doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2017.05.004.
Headlam, Jasmine L.; Lyons, Kieran; Kenny, Jon; Lenihan, Eamonn S.; Quigley, Declan T.G.; Helps, William; Dugon, Michel M.; Doyle, Thomas K. (2020). "Insights on the origin and drift trajectories of Portuguese man of war (Physalia physalis) over the Celtic Sea shelf area". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 246 107033. Bibcode:2020ECSS..24607033H. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107033. S2CID 224908448.

hawaii.edu (Global: 1,308^th place; English: 924^th place)

www5.pbrc.hawaii.edu

Yanagihara, Angel A.; Kuroiwa, Janelle M.Y.; Oliver, Louise M.; Kunkel, Dennis D. (2002). "The ultrastructure of nematocysts from the fishing tentacle of the Hawaiian bluebottle, Physalia utriculus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Siphonophora)" (PDF). Hydrobiologia. 489 (1–3): 139–150. Bibcode:2002HyBio.489..139Y. doi:10.1023/A:1023272519668. S2CID 603421.

jst.go.jp (Global: 1,903^rd place; English: 2,346^th place)

jstage.jst.go.jp

Kato, Kojiro (1933). "Is Nomeus a harmless Inquilinus of Physalia?". Proceedings of the Imperial Academy. 9 (9): 537–538. doi:10.2183/pjab1912.9.537.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Jenkins, R. L. (10 February 1983). "Observations on the Commensal Relationship of Nomeus gronovii with Physalia physalis". Copeia. 1983 (1): 250–252. doi:10.2307/1444723. JSTOR 1444723.

marinespecies.org (Global: 973^rd place; English: 894^th place)

Peter Schuchert (2024). Schuchert P (ed.). "Physaliidae Brandt, 1835". World Hydrozoa Database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
Peter Schuchert (2024). Schuchert P (ed.). "Physalia Lamarck, 1801". World Hydrozoa Database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 6 July 2025.
Peter Schuchert (2024). Schuchert P (ed.). "Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1758)". World Hydrozoa Database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
Schuchert P, ed. (2025). "Cystonectae". World Hydrozoa Database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 June 2025.

medicinenet.com (Global: 3,840^th place; English: 3,358^th place)

"Image Collection: Bites and Infestations: 26. Picture of Portuguese Man of War Sting". www.medicinenet.com. MedicineNet Inc. Archived from the original on 2018-06-03. Retrieved 2014-06-13. The sting of the Portuguese man-of-war. One of the most painful effects on skin is the consequence of attack by oceanic hydrozoans known as Portuguese men-of-war, which are amazing for their size, brilliant color, and power to induce whealing. They have a small float that buoys them up and from which hang long tentacles. The wrap of these tentacles results in linear stripes, which look like whiplashes, caused not by the force of their sting but from deposition of proteolytic venom toxins, urticariogenic and irritant substances.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; English: 191^st place)

"physalis". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2025-07-06.

mja.com.au (Global: low place; English: 8,161^st place)

Loten, Conrad; Stokes, Barrie; Worsley, David; Seymour, Jamie E.; Jiang, Simon; Isbister, Geoffrey K. (2006). "A randomised controlled trial of hot water (45 °C) immersion versus ice packs for pain relief in bluebottle stings" (PDF). Medical Journal of Australia. 184 (7): 329–333. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00265.x. PMID 16584366. S2CID 14684627.

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 296^th place)

nationalgeographic.com

"Portuguese Man-of-War". National Geographic Animals. National Geographic. 11 November 2010. Archived from the original on 2021-03-06. Retrieved 2021-03-08.

animals.nationalgeographic.com

"Portuguese Man-of-War". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2008-06-13.

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

Woodcock, A.H. (1956). "Dimorphism in the Portuguese man-of-war". Nature. 178 (4527): 253–255. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..253W. doi:10.1038/178253a0. S2CID 4297968.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Church, Samuel H.; et al. (2025-08-04). "Population genomics of a sailing siphonophore reveals genetic structure in the open ocean". Current Biology. 35 (15): 3556–3569.e6. Bibcode:2025CBio...35.3556C. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2025.05.066. PMID 40541187.
Cegolon, Luca; Heymann, William C.; Lange, John H.; Mastrangelo, Giuseppe (2013-02-22). "Jellyfish Stings and Their Management: A Review". Marine Drugs. 11 (2): 523–550. Bibcode:2013MarDr..11..523C. doi:10.3390/md11020523. PMC 3640396. PMID 23434796.
Munro, Catriona; Siebert, Stefan; Zapata, Felipe; Howison, Mark; Damian-Serrano, Alejandro; Church, Samuel H.; Goetz, Freya E.; Pugh, Philip R.; Haddock, Steven H. D.; Dunn, Casey W. (2018-10-01). "Improved phylogenetic resolution within Siphonophora (Cnidaria) with implications for trait evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 823–833. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..823M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.030. ISSN 1055-7903. PMC 6064665. PMID 29940256.
Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Clark, F.E.; Lane, C.E. (1961). "Composition of float gases of Physalia physalis". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 107 (3): 673–674. doi:10.3181/00379727-107-26724. PMID 13693830. S2CID 2687386.
Sousa, Lara L.; Xavier, Raquel; Costa, Vânia; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Trueman, Clive; Rosa, Rui; Sims, David W.; Queiroz, Nuno (2016). "DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish". Scientific Reports. 6 (1) 28762. Bibcode:2016NatSR...628762S. doi:10.1038/srep28762. PMC 4931451. PMID 27373803.
Jones, E.C. (1963). "Tremoctopus violaceus uses Physalia tentacles as weapons". Science. 139 (3556): 764–766. Bibcode:1963Sci...139..764J. doi:10.1126/science.139.3556.764. PMID 17829125. S2CID 40186769.
Auerbach, Paul S. (1997). "Envenomations from jellyfish and related species". Journal of Emergency Nursing. 23 (6): 555–565. doi:10.1016/S0099-1767(97)90269-5. PMID 9460392.
Stein, Mark R.; Marraccini, John V.; Rothschild, Neal E.; Burnett, Joseph W. (1989). "Fatal Portuguese man-o'-war (Physalia physalis) envenomation". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 18 (3): 312–315. doi:10.1016/S0196-0644(89)80421-4. PMID 2564268.
Fenner, Peter J.; Williamson, John A. (December 1996). "Worldwide deaths and severe envenomation from jellyfish stings". Medical Journal of Australia. 165 (11–12): 658–661. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138679.x. ISSN 0025-729X. PMID 8985452. S2CID 45032896. In Australia, particularly on the east coast, up to 10 000 stings occur each summer from the bluebottle (Physalia spp.) alone, with others also from the "hair jellyfish" (Cyanea) and "blubber" (Catostylus). Common stingers in South Australia and Western Australia, include bluebottle, as well the four-tentacled cubozoa or box jellyfish, the "jimble" (Carybdea rastoni)
Loten, Conrad; Stokes, Barrie; Worsley, David; Seymour, Jamie E.; Jiang, Simon; Isbister, Geoffrey K. (2006). "A randomised controlled trial of hot water (45 °C) immersion versus ice packs for pain relief in bluebottle stings" (PDF). Medical Journal of Australia. 184 (7): 329–333. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00265.x. PMID 16584366. S2CID 14684627.
Iosilevskii, G.; Weihs, D. (2009). "Hydrodynamics of sailing of the Portuguese man-of-war Physalia physalis". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 6 (36): 613–626. doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0457. PMC 2696138. PMID 19091687.
Prieto, L.; MacÍas, D.; Peliz, A.; Ruiz, J. (2015). "Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalis) in the Mediterranean: A permanent invasion or a casual appearance?". Scientific Reports. 5 11545. Bibcode:2015NatSR...511545P. doi:10.1038/srep11545. PMC 4480229. PMID 26108978.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cegolon, Luca; Heymann, William C.; Lange, John H.; Mastrangelo, Giuseppe (2013-02-22). "Jellyfish Stings and Their Management: A Review". Marine Drugs. 11 (2): 523–550. Bibcode:2013MarDr..11..523C. doi:10.3390/md11020523. PMC 3640396. PMID 23434796.
Munro, Catriona; Siebert, Stefan; Zapata, Felipe; Howison, Mark; Damian-Serrano, Alejandro; Church, Samuel H.; Goetz, Freya E.; Pugh, Philip R.; Haddock, Steven H. D.; Dunn, Casey W. (2018-10-01). "Improved phylogenetic resolution within Siphonophora (Cnidaria) with implications for trait evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 823–833. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..823M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.030. ISSN 1055-7903. PMC 6064665. PMID 29940256.
Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Sousa, Lara L.; Xavier, Raquel; Costa, Vânia; Humphries, Nicolas E.; Trueman, Clive; Rosa, Rui; Sims, David W.; Queiroz, Nuno (2016). "DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish". Scientific Reports. 6 (1) 28762. Bibcode:2016NatSR...628762S. doi:10.1038/srep28762. PMC 4931451. PMID 27373803.
Iosilevskii, G.; Weihs, D. (2009). "Hydrodynamics of sailing of the Portuguese man-of-war Physalia physalis". Journal of the Royal Society Interface. 6 (36): 613–626. doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0457. PMC 2696138. PMID 19091687.
Prieto, L.; MacÍas, D.; Peliz, A.; Ruiz, J. (2015). "Portuguese Man-of-War (Physalia physalis) in the Mediterranean: A permanent invasion or a casual appearance?". Scientific Reports. 5 11545. Bibcode:2015NatSR...511545P. doi:10.1038/srep11545. PMC 4480229. PMID 26108978.

noaa.gov (Global: 212^th place; English: 172^nd place)

oceanservice.noaa.gov

NOAA (27 July 2015). "What is a Portuguese Man o' War?". National Ocean Service. Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016. Updated 10 October 2017

oceana.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Portuguese Man o' War". Oceana.org. Oceana. Archived from the original on 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2017-04-02.

oed.com (Global: 360^th place; English: 231^st place)

"Portuguese man-of-war". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
"Physalia". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/OED/1032760934. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

racgp.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

Galsziou, Paul T.; Bennett, John; Greenberg, Peter; Green, Sally (2013). "Hot water immersion for bluebottle stings". Australian Family Physician. 42 (6).

sc.gov (Global: 7,457^th place; English: 4,060^th place)

dnr.sc.gov

"The Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis)" (PDF). Southeastern Taxonomic Regional Center.

sciencedirect.com (Global: 149^th place; English: 178^th place)

Ferrer, Luis; González, Manuel (2021-01-01). "Relationship between dimorphism and drift in the Portuguese man-of-war". Continental Shelf Research. 212 104269. Bibcode:2021CSR...21204269F. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2020.104269. ISSN 0278-4343.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Lee, Daniel; Schaeffer, Amandine; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (October 2021). "Drifting dynamics of the bluebottle (Physalia physalis)". Ocean Science. 17 (5). Copernicus GmbH: 1341–1351. Bibcode:2021OcSci..17.1341L. doi:10.5194/os-17-1341-2021. ISSN 1812-0792. S2CID 244189437. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Clark, F.E.; Lane, C.E. (1961). "Composition of float gases of Physalia physalis". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 107 (3): 673–674. doi:10.3181/00379727-107-26724. PMID 13693830. S2CID 2687386.
Jones, E.C. (1963). "Tremoctopus violaceus uses Physalia tentacles as weapons". Science. 139 (3556): 764–766. Bibcode:1963Sci...139..764J. doi:10.1126/science.139.3556.764. PMID 17829125. S2CID 40186769.
Purcell, Jennifer E.; Arai, Mary N. (2001). "Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1/3): 27–44. Bibcode:2001HyBio.451...27P. doi:10.1023/A:1011883905394. S2CID 31059411. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022. PDF
Yanagihara, Angel A.; Kuroiwa, Janelle M.Y.; Oliver, Louise M.; Kunkel, Dennis D. (2002). "The ultrastructure of nematocysts from the fishing tentacle of the Hawaiian bluebottle, Physalia utriculus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Siphonophora)" (PDF). Hydrobiologia. 489 (1–3): 139–150. Bibcode:2002HyBio.489..139Y. doi:10.1023/A:1023272519668. S2CID 603421.
Fenner, Peter J.; Williamson, John A. (December 1996). "Worldwide deaths and severe envenomation from jellyfish stings". Medical Journal of Australia. 165 (11–12): 658–661. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138679.x. ISSN 0025-729X. PMID 8985452. S2CID 45032896. In Australia, particularly on the east coast, up to 10 000 stings occur each summer from the bluebottle (Physalia spp.) alone, with others also from the "hair jellyfish" (Cyanea) and "blubber" (Catostylus). Common stingers in South Australia and Western Australia, include bluebottle, as well the four-tentacled cubozoa or box jellyfish, the "jimble" (Carybdea rastoni)
Loten, Conrad; Stokes, Barrie; Worsley, David; Seymour, Jamie E.; Jiang, Simon; Isbister, Geoffrey K. (2006). "A randomised controlled trial of hot water (45 °C) immersion versus ice packs for pain relief in bluebottle stings" (PDF). Medical Journal of Australia. 184 (7): 329–333. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00265.x. PMID 16584366. S2CID 14684627.
Woodcock, A.H. (1956). "Dimorphism in the Portuguese man-of-war". Nature. 178 (4527): 253–255. Bibcode:1956Natur.178..253W. doi:10.1038/178253a0. S2CID 4297968.
Headlam, Jasmine L.; Lyons, Kieran; Kenny, Jon; Lenihan, Eamonn S.; Quigley, Declan T.G.; Helps, William; Dugon, Michel M.; Doyle, Thomas K. (2020). "Insights on the origin and drift trajectories of Portuguese man of war (Physalia physalis) over the Celtic Sea shelf area". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 246 107033. Bibcode:2020ECSS..24607033H. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107033. S2CID 224908448.

siphonophores.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Dunn, Casey. "Colonial organization". Siphonophores. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

springer.com (Global: 274^th place; English: 309^th place)

link.springer.com

Purcell, Jennifer E.; Arai, Mary N. (2001). "Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1/3): 27–44. Bibcode:2001HyBio.451...27P. doi:10.1023/A:1011883905394. S2CID 31059411. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022. PDF

tandfonline.com (Global: 507^th place; English: 429^th place)

Bosch-Belmar, Mar (2020-09-02). "Jellyfish Impacts on Marine Aquaculture and Fisheries". Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. 29 (2): 242–259. doi:10.1080/23308249.2020.1806201. hdl:10447/531140. ISSN 2330-8249.

teara.govt.nz (Global: 1,473^rd place; English: 929^th place)

Mahalski, Bruce. "Polyp and medusa body shapes". Te Ara, the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Manatū Taonga/Ministry for Culture and Heritage, Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 27 February 2024.

thecephalopodpage.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Scocchi, Carla; Wood, James B. "Glaucus atlanticus, Blue Ocean Slug". Thecephalopodpage.org. Archived from the original on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2009-12-07.

thoughtco.com (Global: 1,430^th place; English: 1,166^th place)

Helmenstine, Anne Marie (16 September 2019). "Plentiful Portuguese Man-of-War Facts". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 7 July 2025.

tolweb.org (Global: 2,992^nd place; English: 3,299^th place)

"Tremoctopus". Tolweb.org. Archived from the original on 2009-07-29. Retrieved 2009-12-07.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Lamarck, J. B. (1801). Système des animaux sans vertèbres. Paris, France: by the author and Deterville. pp. 355–356. Archived from the original on 2023-06-07. Retrieved 2023-06-07 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Brandt, Johann Friedrich (1834–1835). "Prodromus descriptionis animalium ab H. Mertensio in orbis terrarum circumnavigatione observatorum. Fascic. I., Polypos, Acalephas Discophoras et Siphonophoras, nec non Echinodermata continens". Recueil Actes des séances publiques de l'Acadadémie impériale des Science de St. Pétersbourg 1834: 201–275. Archived from the original on 2023-06-07. Retrieved 2023-06-07 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Lee, Daniel; Schaeffer, Amandine; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (October 2021). "Drifting dynamics of the bluebottle (Physalia physalis)". Ocean Science. 17 (5). Copernicus GmbH: 1341–1351. Bibcode:2021OcSci..17.1341L. doi:10.5194/os-17-1341-2021. ISSN 1812-0792. S2CID 244189437. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
"Portuguese Man-of-War". National Geographic Animals. National Geographic. 11 November 2010. Archived from the original on 2021-03-06. Retrieved 2021-03-08.
"Portuguese Man-of-War". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2008-06-13.
NOAA (27 July 2015). "What is a Portuguese Man o' War?". National Ocean Service. Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016. Updated 10 October 2017
"Dangerous jellyfish wash up". BBC News. 2008-08-18. Archived from the original on 2011-05-11. Retrieved 2011-09-07./
"Man-of-war spotted along coast in Cornwall and Wales". BBC. 12 September 2017. Archived from the original on 5 March 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
Scocchi, Carla; Wood, James B. "Glaucus atlanticus, Blue Ocean Slug". Thecephalopodpage.org. Archived from the original on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
"Portuguese Man o' War". Oceana.org. Oceana. Archived from the original on 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2017-04-02.
"Tremoctopus". Tolweb.org. Archived from the original on 2009-07-29. Retrieved 2009-12-07.
Purcell, Jennifer E.; Arai, Mary N. (2001). "Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1/3): 27–44. Bibcode:2001HyBio.451...27P. doi:10.1023/A:1011883905394. S2CID 31059411. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022. PDF
Richard A. Clinchy (1996). Dive First Responder. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-8016-7525-6. Archived from the original on 2017-02-17. Retrieved 2016-11-03.
"Image Collection: Bites and Infestations: 26. Picture of Portuguese Man of War Sting". www.medicinenet.com. MedicineNet Inc. Archived from the original on 2018-06-03. Retrieved 2014-06-13. The sting of the Portuguese man-of-war. One of the most painful effects on skin is the consequence of attack by oceanic hydrozoans known as Portuguese men-of-war, which are amazing for their size, brilliant color, and power to induce whealing. They have a small float that buoys them up and from which hang long tentacles. The wrap of these tentacles results in linear stripes, which look like whiplashes, caused not by the force of their sting but from deposition of proteolytic venom toxins, urticariogenic and irritant substances.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Pontin, D. R.; Cruickshank, R. H. (2012-05-01). "Molecular phylogenetics of the genus Physalia (Cnidaria: Siphonophora) in New Zealand coastal waters reveals cryptic diversity". Hydrobiologia. 686 (1): 91–105. Bibcode:2012HyBio.686...91P. doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0994-8. ISSN 1573-5117.
Munro, Catriona; Siebert, Stefan; Zapata, Felipe; Howison, Mark; Damian-Serrano, Alejandro; Church, Samuel H.; Goetz, Freya E.; Pugh, Philip R.; Haddock, Steven H. D.; Dunn, Casey W. (2018-10-01). "Improved phylogenetic resolution within Siphonophora (Cnidaria) with implications for trait evolution". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 823–833. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..823M. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.030. ISSN 1055-7903. PMC 6064665. PMID 29940256.
Munro, Catriona; Vue, Zer; Behringer, Richard R.; Dunn, Casey W. (October 2019). "Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis". Scientific Reports. 9 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 15522. Bibcode:2019NatSR...915522M. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51842-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6820529. PMID 31664071. Material and modified material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Lee, Daniel; Schaeffer, Amandine; Groeskamp, Sjoerd (October 2021). "Drifting dynamics of the bluebottle (Physalia physalis)". Ocean Science. 17 (5). Copernicus GmbH: 1341–1351. Bibcode:2021OcSci..17.1341L. doi:10.5194/os-17-1341-2021. ISSN 1812-0792. S2CID 244189437. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Archived 2017-10-16 at the Wayback Machine.
Zaitsev Y, Liss P (1997). "Neuston of seas and oceans". In Duce R (ed.). The sea surface and global change. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-01745-9. OCLC 847978750.
Bosch-Belmar, Mar (2020-09-02). "Jellyfish Impacts on Marine Aquaculture and Fisheries". Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. 29 (2): 242–259. doi:10.1080/23308249.2020.1806201. hdl:10447/531140. ISSN 2330-8249.
Fenner, Peter J.; Williamson, John A. (December 1996). "Worldwide deaths and severe envenomation from jellyfish stings". Medical Journal of Australia. 165 (11–12): 658–661. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb138679.x. ISSN 0025-729X. PMID 8985452. S2CID 45032896. In Australia, particularly on the east coast, up to 10 000 stings occur each summer from the bluebottle (Physalia spp.) alone, with others also from the "hair jellyfish" (Cyanea) and "blubber" (Catostylus). Common stingers in South Australia and Western Australia, include bluebottle, as well the four-tentacled cubozoa or box jellyfish, the "jimble" (Carybdea rastoni)
Ferrer, Luis; González, Manuel (2021-01-01). "Relationship between dimorphism and drift in the Portuguese man-of-war". Continental Shelf Research. 212 104269. Bibcode:2021CSR...21204269F. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2020.104269. ISSN 0278-4343.

Portuguese man o' war (English Wikipedia)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

archive.today (Global: 14th place; English: 14th place)

australian.museum (Global: low place; English: 6,629th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.com (Global: 20th place; English: 30th place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 387th place; English: 373rd place)

biologists.org (Global: 3,870th place; English: 3,434th place)

jeb.biologists.org

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

creativecommons.org (Global: 1,010th place; English: 612th place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

handle.net (Global: 102nd place; English: 76th place)

hdl.handle.net

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

hawaii.edu (Global: 1,308th place; English: 924th place)

www5.pbrc.hawaii.edu

jst.go.jp (Global: 1,903rd place; English: 2,346th place)

jstage.jst.go.jp

jstor.org (Global: 26th place; English: 20th place)

marinespecies.org (Global: 973rd place; English: 894th place)

medicinenet.com (Global: 3,840th place; English: 3,358th place)

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209th place; English: 191st place)

mja.com.au (Global: low place; English: 8,161st place)

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344th place; English: 296th place)

nationalgeographic.com

animals.nationalgeographic.com

nature.com (Global: 234th place; English: 397th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

noaa.gov (Global: 212th place; English: 172nd place)

oceanservice.noaa.gov

oceana.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

oed.com (Global: 360th place; English: 231st place)

racgp.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

sc.gov (Global: 7,457th place; English: 4,060th place)

dnr.sc.gov

sciencedirect.com (Global: 149th place; English: 178th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

siphonophores.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

springer.com (Global: 274th place; English: 309th place)

link.springer.com

tandfonline.com (Global: 507th place; English: 429th place)

teara.govt.nz (Global: 1,473rd place; English: 929th place)

thecephalopodpage.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

thoughtco.com (Global: 1,430th place; English: 1,166th place)

tolweb.org (Global: 2,992nd place; English: 3,299th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

australian.museum (Global: low place; English: 6,629^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 387^th place; English: 373^rd place)

biologists.org (Global: 3,870^th place; English: 3,434^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

creativecommons.org (Global: 1,010^th place; English: 612^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

hawaii.edu (Global: 1,308^th place; English: 924^th place)

jst.go.jp (Global: 1,903^rd place; English: 2,346^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

marinespecies.org (Global: 973^rd place; English: 894^th place)

medicinenet.com (Global: 3,840^th place; English: 3,358^th place)

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; English: 191^st place)

mja.com.au (Global: low place; English: 8,161^st place)

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 296^th place)

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

noaa.gov (Global: 212^th place; English: 172^nd place)

oed.com (Global: 360^th place; English: 231^st place)

sc.gov (Global: 7,457^th place; English: 4,060^th place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 149^th place; English: 178^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

springer.com (Global: 274^th place; English: 309^th place)

tandfonline.com (Global: 507^th place; English: 429^th place)

teara.govt.nz (Global: 1,473^rd place; English: 929^th place)

thoughtco.com (Global: 1,430^th place; English: 1,166^th place)

tolweb.org (Global: 2,992^nd place; English: 3,299^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)