Protactinium (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Protactinium" in English language version.

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35doi.org

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americanelements.com

"Protactinium (Pa) | AMERICAN ELEMENTS ®". American Elements: The Materials Science Company. Retrieved 11 July 2024.

anl.gov

ead.anl.gov

Protactinium Archived 7 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Argonne National Laboratory, Human Health Fact Sheet, August 2005

aps.org

journals.aps.org

Grosse, A. v.; Booth, E. T.; Dunning, J. R. (15 August 1939). "The Fission of Protactinium (Element 91)". Physical Review. 56 (4): 382. Bibcode:1939PhRv...56..382G. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.56.382. Retrieved 17 February 2023.

archive.org

Emsley, John (2003) [2001]. "Protactinium". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 347–349. ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8.
Hammond, C. R. (29 June 2004). The Elements, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

archives-ouvertes.fr

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001

books.google.com

Emsley, John (2003) [2001]. "Protactinium". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 347–349. ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8.
National Research Council (U.S.). Conference on Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Science and Technology (1957). A Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Science and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. p. 180. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
Crookes, W. (1899). "Radio-Activity of Uranium". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 66 (424–433): 409–423. doi:10.1098/rspl.1899.0120. S2CID 93563820.
Shea, William R. (1983) Otto Hahn and the rise of nuclear physics, Springer, p. 213, ISBN 90-277-1584-X.
Cornelis, Rita (2005) Handbook of elemental speciation II: species in the environment, food, medicine & occupational health, Vol. 2, John Wiley and Sons, pp. 520–521, ISBN 0-470-85598-3.
Groult, Henri (2005) Fluorinated materials for energy conversion, Elsevier, pp. 562–565, ISBN 0-08-044472-5.
Hébert, Alain (July 2009). Applied Reactor Physics. Presses inter Polytechnique. p. 265. ISBN 978-2-553-01436-9.
Seitz, Frederick and Turnbull, David (1964) Solid state physics: advances in research and applications, Academic Press, pp. 289–291, ISBN 0-12-607716-9.
Young, David A. (1991) Phase diagrams of the elements, University of California Press, p. 222, ISBN 0-520-07483-1.
Buschow, K. H. J. (2005) Concise encyclopedia of magnetic and superconducting materials, Elsevier, pp. 129–130, ISBN 0-08-044586-1.

ciaaw.org

"Standard Atomic Weights: Protactinium". CIAAW. 2017.

degruyter.com

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (4 May 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

digizeitschriften.de

Fajans, K. & Gohring, O. (1913). "Über die komplexe Natur des Ur X". Naturwissenschaften. 1 (14): 339. Bibcode:1913NW......1..339F. doi:10.1007/BF01495360. S2CID 40667401.

doi.org

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (4 May 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Donohue, J. (1959). "On the crystal structure of protactinium metal". Acta Crystallographica. 12 (9): 697. doi:10.1107/S0365110X59002031.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Meitner, Lise (1918). "Die Muttersubstanz des Actiniums, Ein Neues Radioaktives Element von Langer Lebensdauer". Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie. 24 (11–12): 169–173. doi:10.1002/bbpc.19180241107. ISSN 0372-8323.
Laing, Michael (2005). "A Revised Periodic Table: With the Lanthanides Repositioned". Foundations of Chemistry. 7 (3): 203. doi:10.1007/s10698-004-5959-9. S2CID 97792365.
Crookes, W. (1899). "Radio-Activity of Uranium". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 66 (424–433): 409–423. doi:10.1098/rspl.1899.0120. S2CID 93563820.
Johansson, Sven (1954). "Decay of UX1, UX2, and UZ". Physical Review. 96 (4): 1075–1080. Bibcode:1954PhRv...96.1075J. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.96.1075.
Fajans, K. & Gohring, O. (1913). "Über die komplexe Natur des Ur X". Naturwissenschaften. 1 (14): 339. Bibcode:1913NW......1..339F. doi:10.1007/BF01495360. S2CID 40667401.
Fajans, K.; Morris, D. F. C. (1973). "Discovery and Naming of the Isotopes of Element 91" (PDF). Nature. 244 (5412): 137–138. Bibcode:1973Natur.244..137F. doi:10.1038/244137a0. hdl:2027.42/62921.
von Grosse, Aristid (1928). "Das Element 91; seine Eigenschaften und seine Gewinnung". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 61 (1): 233–245. doi:10.1002/cber.19280610137.
Graue, G.; Käding, H. (1934). "Die technische Gewinnung des Protactiniums". Angewandte Chemie. 47 (37): 650–653. Bibcode:1934AngCh..47..650G. doi:10.1002/ange.19340473706.
Grosse, A. V. (1934). "Metallic Element 91". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 56 (10): 2200–2201. doi:10.1021/ja01325a508.
Myasoedov, B. F.; Kirby, H. W.; Tananaev, I. G. (2006). "Chapter 4: Protactinium". In Morss, L. R.; Edelstein, N. M.; Fuger, J. (eds.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. Bibcode:2011tcot.book.....M. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0211-0. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. S2CID 93796247.
Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Grosse, A. v.; Booth, E. T.; Dunning, J. R. (15 August 1939). "The Fission of Protactinium (Element 91)". Physical Review. 56 (4): 382. Bibcode:1939PhRv...56..382G. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.56.382. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
Tovesson, F.; Hambsch, F.-J; Oberstedt, A.; Fogelberg, B.; Ramström, E.; Oberstedt, S. (August 2002). "The Pa-233 Fission Cross Section". Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. 39 (sup2): 210–213. Bibcode:2002JNST...39Q.210T. doi:10.1080/00223131.2002.10875076. S2CID 91866777.
Grosse, A. V.; Agruss, M. S. (1934). "The Isolation of 0.1 Gram of the Oxide of Element 91 (Protactinium)". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 56 (10): 2200. doi:10.1021/ja01325a507.
Marples, J. A. C. (1965). "On the thermal expansion of protactinium metal". Acta Crystallographica. 18 (4): 815–817. Bibcode:1965AcCry..18..815M. doi:10.1107/S0365110X65001871.
Fowler, R. D.; Matthias, B.; Asprey, L.; Hill, H.; et al. (1965). "Superconductivity of Protactinium". Physical Review Letters. 15 (22): 860. Bibcode:1965PhRvL..15..860F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.15.860.
Sellers, Philip A.; Fried, Sherman; Elson, Robert E.; Zachariasen, W. H. (1954). "The Preparation of Some Protactinium Compounds and the Metal". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (23): 5935. doi:10.1021/ja01652a011.
Hendricks, M. E. (1971). "Magnetic Properties of Protactinium Tetrachloride". Journal of Chemical Physics. 55 (6): 2993–2997. Bibcode:1971JChPh..55.2993H. doi:10.1063/1.1676528.
Asprey, L. B.; Kruse, F. H.; Rosenzweig, A.; Penneman, R. A. (1966). "Synthesis and X-Ray Properties of Alkali Fluoride-Protactinium Pentafluoride Complexes". Inorganic Chemistry. 5 (4): 659. doi:10.1021/ic50038a034.
Brown D.; Hall T.L.; Moseley P.T (1973). "Structural parameters and unit cell dimensions for the tetragonal actinide tetrachlorides(Th, Pa, U, and Np) and tetrabromides (Th and Pa)". Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions (6): 686–691. doi:10.1039/DT9730000686.
Tahri, Y.; Chermette, H.; El Khatib, N.; Krupa, J.; et al. (1990). "Electronic structures of thorium and protactinium halide clusters of [ThX8]4− type". Journal of the Less Common Metals. 158: 105–116. doi:10.1016/0022-5088(90)90436-N.
Brown, D.; Petcher, T. J.; Smith, A. J. (1968). "Crystal Structures of some Protactinium Bromides". Nature. 217 (5130): 737. Bibcode:1968Natur.217..737B. doi:10.1038/217737a0. S2CID 4264482.
Dodge, R. P.; Smith, G. S.; Johnson, Q.; Elson, R. E. (1967). "The crystal structure of protactinium pentachloride". Acta Crystallographica. 22 (1): 85–89. Bibcode:1967AcCry..22...85D. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67000155.
Brown, D.; Petcher, T. J.; Smith, A. J. (1969). "The crystal structure of β-protactinium pentabromide". Acta Crystallographica B. 25 (2): 178. Bibcode:1969AcCrB..25..178B. doi:10.1107/S0567740869007357.
Brandel, V.; Dacheux, N. (2004). "Chemistry of tetravalent actinide phosphates—Part I". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 177 (12): 4743. Bibcode:2004JSSCh.177.4743B. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2004.08.009.
Starks, David F.; Parsons, Thomas C.; Streitwieser, Andrew; Edelstein, Norman (1974). "Bis(π-cyclooctatetraene) protactinium". Inorganic Chemistry. 13 (6): 1307. doi:10.1021/ic50136a011.
Elson, R.; Fried, Sherman; Sellers, Philip; Zachariasen, W. H. (1950). "The tetravalent and pentavalent states of protactinium". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 72 (12): 5791. doi:10.1021/ja01168a547.
Iyer, P. N.; Smith, A. J. (1971). "Double oxides containing niobium, tantalum or protactinium. IV. Further systems involving alkali metals". Acta Crystallographica B. 27 (4): 731. Bibcode:1971AcCrB..27..731I. doi:10.1107/S056774087100284X.
Iyer, P. N.; Smith, A. J. (1967). "Double oxides containing niobium, tantalum, or protactinium. III. Systems involving the rare earths". Acta Crystallographica. 23 (5): 740. Bibcode:1967AcCry..23..740I. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67003639.
Grossmann, R.; Maier, H.; Szerypo, J.; Friebel, H. (2008). "Preparation of 231Pa targets". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. 590 (1–3): 122. Bibcode:2008NIMPA.590..122G. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.084.
McManus, J. F.; Francois, R.; Gherardi, J.-M.; Keigwin, L. D.; et al. (2004). "Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6985): 834–837. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..834M. doi:10.1038/nature02494. PMID 15103371. S2CID 205210064. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.Lawrence; Murrell, M. T.; Benjamin, T. M. (1998). "Uranium-thorium-protactinium dating systematics". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 62 (21–22): 3437. Bibcode:1998GeCoA..62.3437C. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00255-5.

ernet.in

iisc.ernet.in

Ganesan, S. (1999). "A Re-calculation of Criticality Property of ²³¹Pa Using New Nuclear Data" (PDF). Current Science. 77 (5): 667–677. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 21 March 2013.

gla.ac.uk

universitystory.gla.ac.uk

John Arnold Cranston Archived 11 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine. University of Glasgow

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Fajans, K.; Morris, D. F. C. (1973). "Discovery and Naming of the Isotopes of Element 91" (PDF). Nature. 244 (5412): 137–138. Bibcode:1973Natur.244..137F. doi:10.1038/244137a0. hdl:2027.42/62921.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Johansson, Sven (1954). "Decay of UX1, UX2, and UZ". Physical Review. 96 (4): 1075–1080. Bibcode:1954PhRv...96.1075J. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.96.1075.
Fajans, K. & Gohring, O. (1913). "Über die komplexe Natur des Ur X". Naturwissenschaften. 1 (14): 339. Bibcode:1913NW......1..339F. doi:10.1007/BF01495360. S2CID 40667401.
Fajans, K.; Morris, D. F. C. (1973). "Discovery and Naming of the Isotopes of Element 91" (PDF). Nature. 244 (5412): 137–138. Bibcode:1973Natur.244..137F. doi:10.1038/244137a0. hdl:2027.42/62921.
Graue, G.; Käding, H. (1934). "Die technische Gewinnung des Protactiniums". Angewandte Chemie. 47 (37): 650–653. Bibcode:1934AngCh..47..650G. doi:10.1002/ange.19340473706.
Myasoedov, B. F.; Kirby, H. W.; Tananaev, I. G. (2006). "Chapter 4: Protactinium". In Morss, L. R.; Edelstein, N. M.; Fuger, J. (eds.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. Bibcode:2011tcot.book.....M. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0211-0. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. S2CID 93796247.
Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Grosse, A. v.; Booth, E. T.; Dunning, J. R. (15 August 1939). "The Fission of Protactinium (Element 91)". Physical Review. 56 (4): 382. Bibcode:1939PhRv...56..382G. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.56.382. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
Tovesson, F.; Hambsch, F.-J; Oberstedt, A.; Fogelberg, B.; Ramström, E.; Oberstedt, S. (August 2002). "The Pa-233 Fission Cross Section". Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. 39 (sup2): 210–213. Bibcode:2002JNST...39Q.210T. doi:10.1080/00223131.2002.10875076. S2CID 91866777.
Marples, J. A. C. (1965). "On the thermal expansion of protactinium metal". Acta Crystallographica. 18 (4): 815–817. Bibcode:1965AcCry..18..815M. doi:10.1107/S0365110X65001871.
Fowler, R. D.; Matthias, B.; Asprey, L.; Hill, H.; et al. (1965). "Superconductivity of Protactinium". Physical Review Letters. 15 (22): 860. Bibcode:1965PhRvL..15..860F. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.15.860.
Hendricks, M. E. (1971). "Magnetic Properties of Protactinium Tetrachloride". Journal of Chemical Physics. 55 (6): 2993–2997. Bibcode:1971JChPh..55.2993H. doi:10.1063/1.1676528.
Brown, D.; Petcher, T. J.; Smith, A. J. (1968). "Crystal Structures of some Protactinium Bromides". Nature. 217 (5130): 737. Bibcode:1968Natur.217..737B. doi:10.1038/217737a0. S2CID 4264482.
Dodge, R. P.; Smith, G. S.; Johnson, Q.; Elson, R. E. (1967). "The crystal structure of protactinium pentachloride". Acta Crystallographica. 22 (1): 85–89. Bibcode:1967AcCry..22...85D. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67000155.
Brown, D.; Petcher, T. J.; Smith, A. J. (1969). "The crystal structure of β-protactinium pentabromide". Acta Crystallographica B. 25 (2): 178. Bibcode:1969AcCrB..25..178B. doi:10.1107/S0567740869007357.
Brandel, V.; Dacheux, N. (2004). "Chemistry of tetravalent actinide phosphates—Part I". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 177 (12): 4743. Bibcode:2004JSSCh.177.4743B. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2004.08.009.
Iyer, P. N.; Smith, A. J. (1971). "Double oxides containing niobium, tantalum or protactinium. IV. Further systems involving alkali metals". Acta Crystallographica B. 27 (4): 731. Bibcode:1971AcCrB..27..731I. doi:10.1107/S056774087100284X.
Iyer, P. N.; Smith, A. J. (1967). "Double oxides containing niobium, tantalum, or protactinium. III. Systems involving the rare earths". Acta Crystallographica. 23 (5): 740. Bibcode:1967AcCry..23..740I. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67003639.
Grossmann, R.; Maier, H.; Szerypo, J.; Friebel, H. (2008). "Preparation of 231Pa targets". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A. 590 (1–3): 122. Bibcode:2008NIMPA.590..122G. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2008.02.084.
McManus, J. F.; Francois, R.; Gherardi, J.-M.; Keigwin, L. D.; et al. (2004). "Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6985): 834–837. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..834M. doi:10.1038/nature02494. PMID 15103371. S2CID 205210064. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.Lawrence; Murrell, M. T.; Benjamin, T. M. (1998). "Uranium-thorium-protactinium dating systematics". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 62 (21–22): 3437. Bibcode:1998GeCoA..62.3437C. doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00255-5.

seas.harvard.edu

McManus, J. F.; Francois, R.; Gherardi, J.-M.; Keigwin, L. D.; et al. (2004). "Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6985): 834–837. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..834M. doi:10.1038/nature02494. PMID 15103371. S2CID 205210064. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2010.

hpschapters.org

"Protactinium" (PDF). Human Health Fact Sheet. ANL (Argonne National Laboratory). November 2001. Retrieved 4 September 2023. The name comes from the Greek work protos (meaning first) and the element actinium, because protactinium is the precursor of actinium.

iaea.org

www-nds.iaea.org

Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

jstor.org

daily.jstor.org

Fessl, Sophie (2 January 2019). "How Far Does the Periodic Table Go?". JSTOR. Retrieved 9 January 2019.

lanl.gov

periodic.lanl.gov

"Periodic Table of Elements: Protactinium". Los Alamos National Laboratory. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2013.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

McManus, J. F.; Francois, R.; Gherardi, J.-M.; Keigwin, L. D.; et al. (2004). "Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6985): 834–837. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..834M. doi:10.1038/nature02494. PMID 15103371. S2CID 205210064. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2010.

royalsocietypublishing.org

Soddy, F., Cranston, J.F. (1918) The parent of actinium. Proceedings of the Royal Society A – Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 94: 384-403.

rsc.org

"Protactinium - Element information : Chemistry in its element: protactinium". www.rsc.org. Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved 20 October 2023. At this point Fajans withdrew the name brevium since the custom was to name an element according to longest-lived isotope. Meitner than chose the name protactinium.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Laing, Michael (2005). "A Revised Periodic Table: With the Lanthanides Repositioned". Foundations of Chemistry. 7 (3): 203. doi:10.1007/s10698-004-5959-9. S2CID 97792365.
Crookes, W. (1899). "Radio-Activity of Uranium". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 66 (424–433): 409–423. doi:10.1098/rspl.1899.0120. S2CID 93563820.
Fajans, K. & Gohring, O. (1913). "Über die komplexe Natur des Ur X". Naturwissenschaften. 1 (14): 339. Bibcode:1913NW......1..339F. doi:10.1007/BF01495360. S2CID 40667401.
Myasoedov, B. F.; Kirby, H. W.; Tananaev, I. G. (2006). "Chapter 4: Protactinium". In Morss, L. R.; Edelstein, N. M.; Fuger, J. (eds.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. Bibcode:2011tcot.book.....M. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0211-0. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. S2CID 93796247.
Tovesson, F.; Hambsch, F.-J; Oberstedt, A.; Fogelberg, B.; Ramström, E.; Oberstedt, S. (August 2002). "The Pa-233 Fission Cross Section". Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology. 39 (sup2): 210–213. Bibcode:2002JNST...39Q.210T. doi:10.1080/00223131.2002.10875076. S2CID 91866777.
Brown, D.; Petcher, T. J.; Smith, A. J. (1968). "Crystal Structures of some Protactinium Bromides". Nature. 217 (5130): 737. Bibcode:1968Natur.217..737B. doi:10.1038/217737a0. S2CID 4264482.
McManus, J. F.; Francois, R.; Gherardi, J.-M.; Keigwin, L. D.; et al. (2004). "Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6985): 834–837. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..834M. doi:10.1038/nature02494. PMID 15103371. S2CID 205210064. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2010.

umich.edu

deepblue.lib.umich.edu

Fajans, K.; Morris, D. F. C. (1973). "Discovery and Naming of the Isotopes of Element 91" (PDF). Nature. 244 (5412): 137–138. Bibcode:1973Natur.244..137F. doi:10.1038/244137a0. hdl:2027.42/62921.

unt.edu

digital.library.unt.edu

Sellers, Philip A.; Fried, Sherman; Elson, Robert E.; Zachariasen, W. H. (1954). "The Preparation of Some Protactinium Compounds and the Metal". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (23): 5935. doi:10.1021/ja01652a011.

web.archive.org

Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
John Arnold Cranston Archived 11 March 2020 at the Wayback Machine. University of Glasgow
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The prefix "eka" is derived from the Sanskrit एक, meaning "one" or "first." In chemistry, it is used to denote an element one period below the element name following it.

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Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (4 May 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Meitner, Lise (1918). "Die Muttersubstanz des Actiniums, Ein Neues Radioaktives Element von Langer Lebensdauer". Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie und angewandte physikalische Chemie. 24 (11–12): 169–173. doi:10.1002/bbpc.19180241107. ISSN 0372-8323.