Rainbow trout (English Wikipedia)

Rasmussen, Joseph B.; Taylor, Eric B. (2009). "Status of the Athabasca Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in Alberta" (PDF). Government of Alberta-Fish and Wildlife Division. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2013-11-29.

animaldiversity.org

Ridolfi, Katherine. "Oncorhynchus mykiss (Coast rainbow trout)". Animal Diversity Web.

aquaculturenorthamerica.com

"Vegan rainbow trout could hit market soon". Aquaculture North America. 2019-05-14. Retrieved 2021-10-06.

aquaticinvasions.net

Naser, Murtada D.; Son, Mikhail O. (2009). "First Record of the New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray 1843) from Iraq: the Start of Expansion to Western Asia?" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 4 (2): 369–372. doi:10.3391/ai.2009.4.2.11.

aquaticnuisance.org

"Aquatic Nuisance Project Fact Sheet: New Zealand Mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum)". Aquatic Nuisance Species Project. Archived from the original on 2013-12-12. Retrieved 2014-01-03.

archive.org

Richardson, John; Swainson, William; Kirby, William (1836). "Fauna Boreali-Americana, or, The Zoology of the Northern Parts of British America: Containing Descriptions of the Objects of Natural History Collected on the Late Northern Land Expeditions, Under Command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. (1829) Part Third: The Fish". London: Richard Bentley. p. 221. OCLC 257860151.
Fuller, Pam L.; Nico, Leo G.; Williams, James D. (1999). "Case Study: Rainbow Trout". Nonindigenous Fishes Introduced into Inland Waters of the United States. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society. pp. 250–251. ISBN 978-1-888569-14-8. OCLC 41262458.
Waterman, Charles F. (1971). The Fisherman's World. New York: Random House. p. 57. ISBN 978-0-394-41099-9. OCLC 319916607.
Santella, Chris (2004). "Brown and Rainbow trout on the Madison River". Fifty Places to Fly Fish Before You Die: Fly Fishing Experts Share The World's Greatest Destinations. Harry M. Abrams Inc. ISBN 978-1-58479-356-4. ... thanks to the Firehole's geothermal activity, the river bottom undulates with plant life. Few fish are caught here and tourists continue on to the West Yellowstone park exit, thinking that it's too bad there are no fish in that pretty river that skirts the road. Little do they know that they have been following one of the most fabled trout streams in the world!

babble.com

Cancila, Katherine (2010-09-16). "The 5 Safest Fish to Eat – Salmon, Tilapia, Rainbow Trout, and More". Babble. Disney. Retrieved 2014-01-06.

bbc.com

Macleod, Roderick (2014-10-28). "Trout farming in land-locked Lesotho is an export success". BBC News. Retrieved 2014-11-02.
"Rainbow trout can now be called salmon in China". BBC News. August 14, 2018.

biosecurity.govt.nz

Biosecurity New Zealand (August 2007). "Is Didymo an Exotic Species?". Biosecurity New Zealand. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2013-12-01.

books.google.com

Behnke, Robert J. (2002). "Rainbow and Redband Trout". Trout and Salmon of North America. Tomelleri, Joseph R. (illustrator). New York: The Free Press. pp. 65–122. ISBN 978-0-7432-2220-4.
Behnke, Robert J.; Williams, Ted (2007). About Trout: The Best of Robert J. Behnke from Trout Magazine. Globe Pequot. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-1-59921-203-6.^{[permanent dead link]}
The Yellowstone Fly-Fishing Guide. Guilford, CT: The Globe Pequot Press. 1997. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-55821-545-0. In 1994 Yellowstone Park official introduced a fee permit policy to help pay the increased cost of protecting and enhancing this world-class fishery.^{[permanent dead link]}
Santella, Chris (2004). "Brown and Rainbow trout on the Madison River". Fifty Places to Fly Fish Before You Die: Fly Fishing Experts Share The World's Greatest Destinations. Harry M. Abrams Inc. ISBN 978-1-58479-356-4. ... thanks to the Firehole's geothermal activity, the river bottom undulates with plant life. Few fish are caught here and tourists continue on to the West Yellowstone park exit, thinking that it's too bad there are no fish in that pretty river that skirts the road. Little do they know that they have been following one of the most fabled trout streams in the world!

ca.gov

water.ca.gov

"Appendix D Evolutionarily Significant Units, Critical Habitat, and Essential Fish Habitat" (PDF). California Department of Water Resources. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-11-29.

cabi.org

"Datasheet: Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mudsnail)". Invasive Species Compendium. Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International. 2013. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.43672. Retrieved 2012-12-04.

cahatcheryreview.com

Deiner, Kristy; Garza, John Carlos, Coey, Robert, Girman, Derek J. (2007). "Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Above and Below Natural and Man-made Barriers in the Russian River, California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 8 (2): 437–454. Bibcode:2007ConG....8..437D. doi:10.1007/s10592-006-9183-0. hdl:10211.1/1550. S2CID 6159852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-04. Retrieved 2011-06-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

calacademy.org

research.calacademy.org

"Invertebrate Zoology and Geology". California Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 2013-12-12. Retrieved 2013-12-16.

caltrout.org

"Little Kern Golden Trout" (PDF). SOS: California's Native Fish Crisis. California Trout. p. 74. Retrieved 2014-01-02.
"About Us". California Trout. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2013-12-01.
"Kern River Rainbow Trout" (PDF). Cal Trout. Retrieved 2014-03-03.
"California Golden Trout" (PDF). Cal Trout. Retrieved 2014-03-03.

doi.org

Behnke, Robert J. (1966). "Relationships of the Far Eastern Trout, Salmo mykiss Walbaum". Copeia. 1966 (2): 346–348. doi:10.2307/1441145. JSTOR 1441145.
Smith, Gerald R.; Stearley, Ralph F. (1989). "The Classification and Scientific Names of Rainbow and Cutthroat Trouts" (PDF). Fisheries. 14 (1): 4–10. Bibcode:1989Fish...14a...4S. doi:10.1577/1548-8446(1989)014<0004:TCASNO>2.0.CO;2. hdl:2027.42/140998.
Hendrickson, Dean A.; Perez, Hector Espinosa; Findley, Lloyd T.; Forbes, William; Tomelleri, Joseph R.; Mayden, Richard L.; Nielsen, Jennifer L.; Jensen, Buddy; Campos, Gorgonio Ruiz; Romero, Alejandro Varela; van der Heiden, Albert; Camarena, Faustino; Gracia de Leon, Francisco J. (2002). "Mexican native trouts: A Review of Their History and Current Systematic and Conservation Status" (PDF). Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 12 (2/3): 273–316. Bibcode:2002RFBF...12..273H. doi:10.1023/A:1025062415188. S2CID 20102698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-03.
Tyler, C.R; Pottinger, T.G.; Santos, E.; Sumpter, J.P.; Price, S-A; Brooks, S.; Nagler, J.J. (1996). "Mechanisms Controlling Egg Size and Number in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss". Biology of Reproduction. 54 (1): 8–15. doi:10.1095/biolreprod54.1.8. PMID 8837994.
Nichols, Krista M.; Edo, Alicia Felip; Wheeler, Paul A.; Thorgaard, Gary H. (July 2008). "The Genetic Basis of Smoltification-Related Traits in Oncorhynchus mykiss". Genetics. 179 (3): 1559–1575. doi:10.1534/genetics.107.084251. PMC 2475755. PMID 18562654.
Hale, MC; Thrower, FP; Berntson, EA; Miller, MR; Nichols, KM (August 2013). "Evaluating Adaptive Divergence Between Migratory and Nonmigratory Ecotypes of a Salmonid Fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss". G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics. 3 (8): 1273–1285. doi:10.1534/g3.113.006817. PMC 3737167. PMID 23797103.
Rollo, C.D. (2002). "Growth negatively impacts the life span of mammals". Evolution and Development. 4 (1): 55–61. doi:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2002.01053.x. PMID 11868658. S2CID 42123902.
Alonso-Alvarez, C. (2007). "Increased susceptibility to oxidative damage as a cost of accelerated somatic growth in zebrafinches". Functional Ecology. 21 (5): 873–879. Bibcode:2007FuEco..21..873A. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01300.x.
Almroth, B.C. (2010). "Early-age changes in oxidative stress in brown trout, Salmo trutta". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B. 155 (4): 442–448. doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2010.01.012. PMID 20117229.
Almaida-Pagàn, P. (2012). "Age-related changes in mitochondrial membrane composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart and brain". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B. 163 (1): 129–137. doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2012.05.013. hdl:1893/8959. PMID 22634369.
Thomas, Oliver; Allain, Steven J. R; Owen, Harry (2021). "Predation and ingestion of a barred grass snake Natrix helvetica by a rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in Lot, France" (PDF). Herpetological Bulletin. 156 (156, Summer 2021): 40–41. doi:10.33256/hb156.4041.
Parker, David; Avers, Thomas; Courtney, Michael (2011). "Weight, Length, and Growth in Cutbow Trout (O. m. x clarkii)" (PDF). Nature Precedings. doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6432.1. Retrieved 2014-01-04.
Allendorf, Fred W.; Leary, Robb F.; Hitt, Nathaniel P.; Knudsen, Kathy L.; Lundquist, Laura L. & Spruell, Paul (October 2004). "Intercrosses and the U.S. Endangered Species Act: Should Hybridized Populations be Included as Westslope Cutthroat Trout?" (PDF). Conservation Biology. 18 (5). Washington, D.C.: 1203–1213. Bibcode:2004ConBi..18.1203A. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00305.x. S2CID 9574838. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-12. Retrieved 2014-01-12.
Shreck, Carl B.; Behnke, Robert J. (1971). "Trouts of the Upper Kern River Basin, California, with Reference to Systematics and Evolution of Western North American Salmo". Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 28 (7): 987–998. doi:10.1139/f71-143.
Gilbert, M. A.; Granath, W. O. Jr. (2003). "Whirling Disease and Salmonid Fish: Life Cycle, Biology, and Disease". Journal of Parasitology. 89 (4): 658–667. doi:10.1645/GE-82R. JSTOR 3285855. PMID 14533670. S2CID 8950955.
"Datasheet: Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mudsnail)". Invasive Species Compendium. Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International. 2013. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.43672. Retrieved 2012-12-04.
Davidson, Timothy M.; Brenneis, Valance E. F.; de Rivera, Catherine; Draheim, Robyn; Gillespie, Graham E. (2008). "Northern Range Expansion and Coastal Occurrences of the New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1843) in the Northeast Pacific" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 3 (3): 349–353. doi:10.3391/ai.2008.3.3.12.
Naser, Murtada D.; Son, Mikhail O. (2009). "First Record of the New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray 1843) from Iraq: the Start of Expansion to Western Asia?" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 4 (2): 369–372. doi:10.3391/ai.2009.4.2.11.
Vinson, M. R.; Baker, M. A. (2008). "Poor growth of rainbow trout fed New Zealand mud snails Potamopyrgus antipodarum". North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 28 (3): 701–709. Bibcode:2008NAJFM..28..701V. doi:10.1577/M06-039.1.
Clemento, Anthony J.; Anderson, Eric C.; Boughton, David; Girman, Derek; Garza, John Carlos (2009). "Population Genetic Structure and Ancestry of Oncorhynchus mykiss Populations Above and Below Dams in South-central California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 10 (5): 1321–1336. Bibcode:2009ConG...10.1321C. doi:10.1007/s10592-008-9712-0. S2CID 32490944. Retrieved 2014-01-03.
Deiner, Kristy; Garza, John Carlos, Coey, Robert, Girman, Derek J. (2007). "Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Above and Below Natural and Man-made Barriers in the Russian River, California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 8 (2): 437–454. Bibcode:2007ConG....8..437D. doi:10.1007/s10592-006-9183-0. hdl:10211.1/1550. S2CID 6159852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-04. Retrieved 2011-06-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
McMichael, G. A.; Pearsons, T. N.; Leider, S. A. (1999). "Behavioral Interactions Among Hatchery-reared Steelhead Smolts and Wild Oncorhynchus mykiss in Natural Streams". North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 19 (4): 948–956. Bibcode:1999NAJFM..19..948M. doi:10.1577/1548-8675(1999)019<0948:BIAHRS>2.0.CO;2.

dpipwe.tas.gov.au

"DPIPWE - Didymo (Rock Snot)". Tasmania Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment. Archived from the original on 2015-03-08. Retrieved 2014-08-12.

epa.gov

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fao.org

"Fisheries and Aquaculture - Global Production". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Retrieved 2024-05-06.
"Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme: Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)". Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. Retrieved 2014-01-09.

agris.fao.org

Pokorny, J.; Randak, T. (2001). Use of rainbow trout for checking water inflowing to the drinking water purification plants (Report) (in Czech). Jihoceska Univerzita. Archived from the original on 2022-01-29. Retrieved 2019-07-06.

fishbase.org

"Synonyms of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)". Fishbase. Retrieved 2014-02-06.
"List of Population Characteristics records for Oncorhynchus mykiss". Fishbase. Retrieved 2014-02-23.

fws.gov

Staley, Kathryn; Mueller, John (May 2000). "Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)" (PDF). U.S. Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
"Fish and Aquatic Conservation". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 2013-11-28.
Tennyson, J.; Anacker, T.; Higgins, S. (January 13, 1997). "Scientific Breakthrough Helps Combat Trout Disease". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Whirling Disease Foundation News Release. Retrieved 2014-01-05.

nctc.fws.gov

Schley, Ben (2009-05-21). "A Century of Fish Conservation (1871–1971)". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Archived from the original on 2020-09-29. Retrieved 2013-11-28.

ecos.fws.gov

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gov.bc.ca

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handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Smith, Gerald R.; Stearley, Ralph F. (1989). "The Classification and Scientific Names of Rainbow and Cutthroat Trouts" (PDF). Fisheries. 14 (1): 4–10. Bibcode:1989Fish...14a...4S. doi:10.1577/1548-8446(1989)014<0004:TCASNO>2.0.CO;2. hdl:2027.42/140998.
Almaida-Pagàn, P. (2012). "Age-related changes in mitochondrial membrane composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart and brain". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B. 163 (1): 129–137. doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2012.05.013. hdl:1893/8959. PMID 22634369.
Deiner, Kristy; Garza, John Carlos, Coey, Robert, Girman, Derek J. (2007). "Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Above and Below Natural and Man-made Barriers in the Russian River, California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 8 (2): 437–454. Bibcode:2007ConG....8..437D. doi:10.1007/s10592-006-9183-0. hdl:10211.1/1550. S2CID 6159852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-04. Retrieved 2011-06-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Smith, Gerald R.; Stearley, Ralph F. (1989). "The Classification and Scientific Names of Rainbow and Cutthroat Trouts" (PDF). Fisheries. 14 (1): 4–10. Bibcode:1989Fish...14a...4S. doi:10.1577/1548-8446(1989)014<0004:TCASNO>2.0.CO;2. hdl:2027.42/140998.
Hendrickson, Dean A.; Perez, Hector Espinosa; Findley, Lloyd T.; Forbes, William; Tomelleri, Joseph R.; Mayden, Richard L.; Nielsen, Jennifer L.; Jensen, Buddy; Campos, Gorgonio Ruiz; Romero, Alejandro Varela; van der Heiden, Albert; Camarena, Faustino; Gracia de Leon, Francisco J. (2002). "Mexican native trouts: A Review of Their History and Current Systematic and Conservation Status" (PDF). Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. 12 (2/3): 273–316. Bibcode:2002RFBF...12..273H. doi:10.1023/A:1025062415188. S2CID 20102698. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-03.
Alonso-Alvarez, C. (2007). "Increased susceptibility to oxidative damage as a cost of accelerated somatic growth in zebrafinches". Functional Ecology. 21 (5): 873–879. Bibcode:2007FuEco..21..873A. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01300.x.
Allendorf, Fred W.; Leary, Robb F.; Hitt, Nathaniel P.; Knudsen, Kathy L.; Lundquist, Laura L. & Spruell, Paul (October 2004). "Intercrosses and the U.S. Endangered Species Act: Should Hybridized Populations be Included as Westslope Cutthroat Trout?" (PDF). Conservation Biology. 18 (5). Washington, D.C.: 1203–1213. Bibcode:2004ConBi..18.1203A. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00305.x. S2CID 9574838. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-12. Retrieved 2014-01-12.
Vinson, M. R.; Baker, M. A. (2008). "Poor growth of rainbow trout fed New Zealand mud snails Potamopyrgus antipodarum". North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 28 (3): 701–709. Bibcode:2008NAJFM..28..701V. doi:10.1577/M06-039.1.
Clemento, Anthony J.; Anderson, Eric C.; Boughton, David; Girman, Derek; Garza, John Carlos (2009). "Population Genetic Structure and Ancestry of Oncorhynchus mykiss Populations Above and Below Dams in South-central California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 10 (5): 1321–1336. Bibcode:2009ConG...10.1321C. doi:10.1007/s10592-008-9712-0. S2CID 32490944. Retrieved 2014-01-03.
Deiner, Kristy; Garza, John Carlos, Coey, Robert, Girman, Derek J. (2007). "Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Above and Below Natural and Man-made Barriers in the Russian River, California" (PDF). Conservation Genetics. 8 (2): 437–454. Bibcode:2007ConG....8..437D. doi:10.1007/s10592-006-9183-0. hdl:10211.1/1550. S2CID 6159852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-01-04. Retrieved 2011-06-12.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
McMichael, G. A.; Pearsons, T. N.; Leider, S. A. (1999). "Behavioral Interactions Among Hatchery-reared Steelhead Smolts and Wild Oncorhynchus mykiss in Natural Streams". North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 19 (4): 948–956. Bibcode:1999NAJFM..19..948M. doi:10.1577/1548-8675(1999)019<0948:BIAHRS>2.0.CO;2.

independent.co.uk

"China rules rainbow trout can now be sold as salmon, in attempt to reduce counterfeit fish sales". The Independent. August 14, 2018.

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issg.org

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iucnredlist.org

Hammerson, G.A.; Bogutskaya, N. (2024). "Oncorhynchus mykiss". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 (2): e.T166481A18229476. Retrieved 22 March 2025.

jstor.org

Behnke, Robert J. (1966). "Relationships of the Far Eastern Trout, Salmo mykiss Walbaum". Copeia. 1966 (2): 346–348. doi:10.2307/1441145. JSTOR 1441145.
Gilbert, M. A.; Granath, W. O. Jr. (2003). "Whirling Disease and Salmonid Fish: Life Cycle, Biology, and Disease". Journal of Parasitology. 89 (4): 658–667. doi:10.1645/GE-82R. JSTOR 3285855. PMID 14533670. S2CID 8950955.

mesa.edu.au

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minnesotasteelheader.com

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montana.edu

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montanatrout.org

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fwp.mt.gov

Dickson, Tom. "Montana's Redband Trout". Montana Outdoors (May–June 2011). Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. Archived from the original on 2013-09-28. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
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nature.com

precedings.nature.com

Parker, David; Avers, Thomas; Courtney, Michael (2011). "Weight, Length, and Growth in Cutbow Trout (O. m. x clarkii)" (PDF). Nature Precedings. doi:10.1038/npre.2011.6432.1. Retrieved 2014-01-04.

natureserve.org

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ncrac.org

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nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Tyler, C.R; Pottinger, T.G.; Santos, E.; Sumpter, J.P.; Price, S-A; Brooks, S.; Nagler, J.J. (1996). "Mechanisms Controlling Egg Size and Number in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss". Biology of Reproduction. 54 (1): 8–15. doi:10.1095/biolreprod54.1.8. PMID 8837994.
Nichols, Krista M.; Edo, Alicia Felip; Wheeler, Paul A.; Thorgaard, Gary H. (July 2008). "The Genetic Basis of Smoltification-Related Traits in Oncorhynchus mykiss". Genetics. 179 (3): 1559–1575. doi:10.1534/genetics.107.084251. PMC 2475755. PMID 18562654.
Hale, MC; Thrower, FP; Berntson, EA; Miller, MR; Nichols, KM (August 2013). "Evaluating Adaptive Divergence Between Migratory and Nonmigratory Ecotypes of a Salmonid Fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss". G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics. 3 (8): 1273–1285. doi:10.1534/g3.113.006817. PMC 3737167. PMID 23797103.
Rollo, C.D. (2002). "Growth negatively impacts the life span of mammals". Evolution and Development. 4 (1): 55–61. doi:10.1046/j.1525-142x.2002.01053.x. PMID 11868658. S2CID 42123902.
Almroth, B.C. (2010). "Early-age changes in oxidative stress in brown trout, Salmo trutta". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B. 155 (4): 442–448. doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2010.01.012. PMID 20117229.
Almaida-Pagàn, P. (2012). "Age-related changes in mitochondrial membrane composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart and brain". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B. 163 (1): 129–137. doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2012.05.013. hdl:1893/8959. PMID 22634369.
Gilbert, M. A.; Granath, W. O. Jr. (2003). "Whirling Disease and Salmonid Fish: Life Cycle, Biology, and Disease". Journal of Parasitology. 89 (4): 658–667. doi:10.1645/GE-82R. JSTOR 3285855. PMID 14533670. S2CID 8950955.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Nichols, Krista M.; Edo, Alicia Felip; Wheeler, Paul A.; Thorgaard, Gary H. (July 2008). "The Genetic Basis of Smoltification-Related Traits in Oncorhynchus mykiss". Genetics. 179 (3): 1559–1575. doi:10.1534/genetics.107.084251. PMC 2475755. PMID 18562654.
Hale, MC; Thrower, FP; Berntson, EA; Miller, MR; Nichols, KM (August 2013). "Evaluating Adaptive Divergence Between Migratory and Nonmigratory Ecotypes of a Salmonid Fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss". G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics. 3 (8): 1273–1285. doi:10.1534/g3.113.006817. PMC 3737167. PMID 23797103.

noaa.gov

westcoast.fisheries.noaa.gov

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