Relic (English Wikipedia)

Tomov, Nikola; Dzhangozov, Januarius (Yanko). "Wax Embedding as a Method for Preservation of Body Relics Used by the Orthodox Church" (PDF). Acta Morphologica et Anthropologica. 25 (1–2): 122–125. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-12-04. Retrieved 2018-07-05.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Ekelund, Robert B.; Tollison, Robert D.; Anderson, Gary M.; Herbert, Robert F.; Davidson, Audrey B. (1996). Sacred trust : the medieval church as an economic firm. Robert B. Ekelund. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510337-8. OCLC 34943197.
Geary, Patrick J. (2011). Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages (Revised ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-2020-7.
Freeman, Charles (2011). Holy Bones, Holy Dust: How Relics Shaped the History of Medieval Europe. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-16659-0.
Clifton, James (2014). "Conversations in Museums". In Sally M. Promey (ed.). Sensational Religion: Sensory Cultures in Material Practice. Yale UP. pp. 205–214. ISBN 9780300187359.
"The Biblical Archaeologist". American Schools of Oriental Research. March 7, 1974 – via Google Books.
González, Manuel Hernández (2007). Fiestas y creencias en Canarias en la Edad Moderna. Ediciones IDEA. ISBN 9788483821077.
Aymard, Orianne (2014). When a Goddess Dies: Worshipping Ma Anandamayi after Her Death. Oxford University Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0199368631.

bostoncatholic.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Relics of Saints" Archived 2014-03-13 at the Wayback Machine, Boston Catholic, Archdiocese of Boston

cambridge.org (Global: 209^th place; English: 151^st place)

Geary, Patrick (1986-04-30), "Sacred commodities: the circulation of medieval relics" (PDF), in Appadurai, Arjun (ed.), The Social Life of Things (1 ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 169–192, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819582.008, ISBN 978-0-521-32351-2, archived from the original on 2014-03-14, retrieved 2022-04-18.

carmelite.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Relics". Archived from the original on 2016-03-01.

catholiceducation.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mangan, Charles. "Church Teaching on Relics", Catholic Education Resource Center Archived 2014-03-14 at the Wayback Machine

ccel.org (Global: 2,249^th place; English: 1,566^th place)

Philip Schaff. "History of the Christian Church". Volume VIII: "History Of The Reformation, 1517–1648". Third Book. The Reformation in French Switzerland, or The Calvinistic Movement. / Chapter XV. Theological Controversies. / § 122. Against the Worship of Relics. 1543.

columbia.edu (Global: 554^th place; English: 368^th place)

learn.columbia.edu

"Reliquary". Archived from the original on 2014-03-15. Retrieved 2014-03-15.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Smith, Julia M. H. (2010). Portable Christianity: Relics in the Medieval West (c. 700–1200) (PDF). Proceedings of the British Academy. Vol. 181. Oxford University Press (published 2012). pp. 143–167. doi:10.5871/bacad/9780197265277.003.0006. ISBN 9780197265277. ISSN 0068-1202. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-02-23. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
Geary, Patrick (1986-04-30), "Sacred commodities: the circulation of medieval relics" (PDF), in Appadurai, Arjun (ed.), The Social Life of Things (1 ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 169–192, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819582.008, ISBN 978-0-521-32351-2, archived from the original on 2014-03-14, retrieved 2022-04-18.
Lahtinen, Maria (2022). "The High-Status Late Medieval Skull Shaped Relic in Turku Cathedral, Finland – a study of its origin with oxygen and strontium isotope analyses". Internet Archaeology (59). doi:10.11141/ia.59.8. hdl:10138/347772.

ewtn.com (Global: 3,893^rd place; English: 2,680^th place)

"Venerating Relics at Mass". Archived from the original on 2014-03-13. Retrieved 2014-03-13.

firstthings.com (Global: 9,360^th place; English: 5,569^th place)

"Not So Secular Sweden by Matthew Milliner". First Things. Institute on Religion and Public Life. June 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2014. Martin Luther may have called her die tolle Brigit, "crazy Birgitta," but there was her body—enclosed in a red casket, now tastefully tended by Lutherans.

fordham.edu (Global: 2,122^nd place; English: 1,444^th place)

Medieval Sourcebook, Gregory of Tours (539–594), History of the Franks, Books I–X, Introduction by Earnest Brehaut (from his 1916 translation), pp. ix–xxv Archived 2014-08-14 at the Wayback Machine [Note: Many of Brehaut's opinions and prejudices would not be upheld by modern historians. Students should not rely on this Introduction as a guide.]

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Lahtinen, Maria (2022). "The High-Status Late Medieval Skull Shaped Relic in Turku Cathedral, Finland – a study of its origin with oxygen and strontium isotope analyses". Internet Archaeology (59). doi:10.11141/ia.59.8. hdl:10138/347772.

indcatholicnews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Relics of St Paul discovered". Independent Catholic News. 28 June 2009. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2011.

lexico.com (Global: 2,946^th place; English: 2,042^nd place)

"Definition of relic". Lexico. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021.

malankaralibrary.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kochuparampil, Jose (2007). "Theology of 'Rāzē: The Mysteries of the Church in the East Syriac Tradition". In Maniyattu, Pauly (ed.). East Syriac Theology: An Introduction (PDF). MP, India: Ephrem's Publications. pp. 264, 267. Retrieved 5 October 2022 – via Malankara Library.

mechon-mamre.org (Global: 1,724^th place; English: 825^th place)

2 Kings 13:20–21

metmuseum.org (Global: 854^th place; English: 646^th place)

"Pilgrimage in Medieval Europe". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 2023-03-02. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
"Relics and Reliquaries in Medieval Christianity". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 2014-01-15. Retrieved 2014-03-15.

mliles.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Liles, Martha. "Holy and Glorious Pascha Preparation Fourteenth Day - Great Lent - Second Sunday: The Sunday of the Veneration of the Holy Relics and Saint Gregory Palamas with Procession with the Holy Relics and Presentation of Holy Relics for Veneration (27th Day before the Transition Period)". Melkite Greek Catholic Church Information Center. Retrieved 8 October 2025.

newadvent.org (Global: 530^th place; English: 466^th place)

Thurston, Herbert. "Relics" Deprecated link archived 2012-05-29 at archive.today. The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 13 March 2014
"Of the Works of Monks" Archived 2019-11-10 at the Wayback Machine (St. Augustine): "36...Some hawking about limbs of martyrs, if indeed of martyrs"

newliturgicalmovement.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

DiPippo, Gregory (30 October 2019). "The Feast of the Holy Relics". New Liturgical Movement. Retrieved 8 October 2025.

newrepublic.com (Global: 2,046^th place; English: 1,108^th place)

Butterfield, Andrew (2011-07-28). "What Remains". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Archived from the original on 2022-04-18. Retrieved 2022-04-18.

nii.ac.jp (Global: 195^th place; English: 1,046^th place)

dsr.nii.ac.jp

Yule, Henry (1903). The Book of Ser Marco Polo the Venetian, Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East. Vol. 2. London: John Murray. p. 356. Archived from the original on 2022-10-05. Retrieved 2022-10-05 – via National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project, Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books.

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

Beardsley, Eleanor. "An Ancient Religious Pilgrimage That Now Draws The Secular". NPR.org. Archived from the original on 26 April 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2015.

orthodoxword.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Tomb of the Holy Great Martyr George from Lodd, Lydda". OrthodoxWord. 2010-04-21. Archived from the original on 2021-08-16. Retrieved 2022-04-18.

ox.ac.uk (Global: 541^st place; English: 356^th place)

csla.history.ox.ac.uk

Tycner, Marta. "Gregory of Tours, Glory of the Martyrs 49". Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity. University of Oxford, University of Warsaw, University of Reading, European Research Council. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.

pravmir.ru (Global: 5,345^th place; English: low place)

lib.pravmir.ru

Romansky, Nikolay (Николай Романский), Что такое святые мощи и как совершается их раздробление [What are holy relics and how their division is carried out], archived from the original on 2016-09-15, retrieved 2016-09-07

santiago-compostela.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela in Pictures". Camino de Santiago. Archived from the original on 2023-08-30. Retrieved 2015-04-20.

scripturecatholic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Catholic Relics: Third Class Relics". 27 May 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-07-31. Retrieved 2019-11-07.

srednieveka.ru (Global: low place; English: low place)

Radtsig, N. I. "Traite des reliques" Кальвина, его происхождение и значение Archived 2015-04-18 at the Wayback Machine / Сборник «Средние века»^{[permanent dead link]}, №01 (1942) / Ежегодник РАН / Nauka.

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 40^th place; English: 27^th place)

Squires, Nick (August 2010). "St John the Baptist's bones 'found in Bulgarian monastery'" Archived 2018-01-01 at the Wayback Machine. The Telegraph.

the-orb.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Head, Thomas. "The Cult of the Saints and Their Relics", The On-line Reference Book for Medieval Studies (the ORB), College of Staten Island, City University of New York Archived July 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

thebritishacademy.ac.uk (Global: 6,081^st place; English: 4,181^st place)

Smith, Julia M. H. (2010). Portable Christianity: Relics in the Medieval West (c. 700–1200) (PDF). Proceedings of the British Academy. Vol. 181. Oxford University Press (published 2012). pp. 143–167. doi:10.5871/bacad/9780197265277.003.0006. ISBN 9780197265277. ISSN 0068-1202. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-02-23. Retrieved 2022-04-18.

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

Plutarch, Theseus 36, Bill Thayer's edition of the Loeb Classical Library translation at LacusCurtius.
Plutarch, Demetrius 53 Archived 2024-06-07 at the Wayback Machine and Phocion 37–38, English translations at LacusCurtius.

vatican.va (Global: 184^th place; English: 336^th place)

"Instruction for Conducting Diocesan or Eparchial Inquiries in the Causes of Saints (Rome 2007) – Authentication". Vatican Website. Congregation for the Causes of Saints. Archived from the original on 15 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
"Instruction "Relics in the Church: Authenticity and Conservation" (8 December 2017)". www.vatican.va. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
"Code of Canon Law". Holy See. Archived from the original on 2013-03-03. Retrieved 2013-03-04.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Definition of relic". Lexico. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021.
Plutarch, Demetrius 53 Archived 2024-06-07 at the Wayback Machine and Phocion 37–38, English translations at LacusCurtius.
Head, Thomas. "The Cult of the Saints and Their Relics", The On-line Reference Book for Medieval Studies (the ORB), College of Staten Island, City University of New York Archived July 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
Mangan, Charles. "Church Teaching on Relics", Catholic Education Resource Center Archived 2014-03-14 at the Wayback Machine
"Relics". Archived from the original on 2016-03-01.
"Catholic News - Saints' Relics Help People Make Connection to the Holy". American Catholic. Archived from the original on 2014-03-13. Retrieved 2014-03-13.
Medieval Sourcebook, Gregory of Tours (539–594), History of the Franks, Books I–X, Introduction by Earnest Brehaut (from his 1916 translation), pp. ix–xxv Archived 2014-08-14 at the Wayback Machine [Note: Many of Brehaut's opinions and prejudices would not be upheld by modern historians. Students should not rely on this Introduction as a guide.]
Tycner, Marta. "Gregory of Tours, Glory of the Martyrs 49". Cult of Saints in Late Antiquity. University of Oxford, University of Warsaw, University of Reading, European Research Council. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
Yule, Henry (1903). The Book of Ser Marco Polo the Venetian, Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East. Vol. 2. London: John Murray. p. 356. Archived from the original on 2022-10-05. Retrieved 2022-10-05 – via National Institute of Informatics - Digital Silk Road Project, Digital Archive of Toyo Bunko Rare Books.
Butterfield, Andrew (2011-07-28). "What Remains". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Archived from the original on 2022-04-18. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
"Relics of Saints" Archived 2014-03-13 at the Wayback Machine, Boston Catholic, Archdiocese of Boston
"Pilgrimage in Medieval Europe". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 2023-03-02. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
Beardsley, Eleanor. "An Ancient Religious Pilgrimage That Now Draws The Secular". NPR.org. Archived from the original on 26 April 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
"The pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela in Pictures". Camino de Santiago. Archived from the original on 2023-08-30. Retrieved 2015-04-20.
Manns, D. (2015-04-13). "The Business of Bones: Relic Trafficking in the Middle Ages". Atlas Obscura. Archived from the original on 2022-04-17. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
Smith, Julia M. H. (2010). Portable Christianity: Relics in the Medieval West (c. 700–1200) (PDF). Proceedings of the British Academy. Vol. 181. Oxford University Press (published 2012). pp. 143–167. doi:10.5871/bacad/9780197265277.003.0006. ISBN 9780197265277. ISSN 0068-1202. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-02-23. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
Geary, Patrick (1986-04-30), "Sacred commodities: the circulation of medieval relics" (PDF), in Appadurai, Arjun (ed.), The Social Life of Things (1 ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 169–192, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819582.008, ISBN 978-0-521-32351-2, archived from the original on 2014-03-14, retrieved 2022-04-18.
Brown, Matthew. "Dust to Dust". www.artnet.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-05. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
"Of the Works of Monks" Archived 2019-11-10 at the Wayback Machine (St. Augustine): "36...Some hawking about limbs of martyrs, if indeed of martyrs"
Radtsig, N. I. "Traite des reliques" Кальвина, его происхождение и значение Archived 2015-04-18 at the Wayback Machine / Сборник «Средние века»^{[permanent dead link]}, №01 (1942) / Ежегодник РАН / Nauka.
"Instruction for Conducting Diocesan or Eparchial Inquiries in the Causes of Saints (Rome 2007) – Authentication". Vatican Website. Congregation for the Causes of Saints. Archived from the original on 15 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
"AmericanCatholic.Org". American Catholic. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
"Instruction "Relics in the Church: Authenticity and Conservation" (8 December 2017)". www.vatican.va. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
"Code of Canon Law". Holy See. Archived from the original on 2013-03-03. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
"Catholic Relics: Third Class Relics". 27 May 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-07-31. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
"Venerating Relics at Mass". Archived from the original on 2014-03-13. Retrieved 2014-03-13.
Tomov, Nikola; Dzhangozov, Januarius (Yanko). "Wax Embedding as a Method for Preservation of Body Relics Used by the Orthodox Church" (PDF). Acta Morphologica et Anthropologica. 25 (1–2): 122–125. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-12-04. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
Romansky, Nikolay (Николай Романский), Что такое святые мощи и как совершается их раздробление [What are holy relics and how their division is carried out], archived from the original on 2016-09-15, retrieved 2016-09-07
"Relics and Reliquaries in Medieval Christianity". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Archived from the original on 2014-01-15. Retrieved 2014-03-15.
"Reliquary". Archived from the original on 2014-03-15. Retrieved 2014-03-15.
"Relics of St Paul discovered". Independent Catholic News. 28 June 2009. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
Squires, Nick (August 2010). "St John the Baptist's bones 'found in Bulgarian monastery'" Archived 2018-01-01 at the Wayback Machine. The Telegraph.
"The Tomb of the Holy Great Martyr George from Lodd, Lydda". OrthodoxWord. 2010-04-21. Archived from the original on 2021-08-16. Retrieved 2022-04-18.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Butterfield, Andrew (2011-07-28). "What Remains". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Archived from the original on 2022-04-18. Retrieved 2022-04-18.
Ekelund, Robert B.; Tollison, Robert D.; Anderson, Gary M.; Herbert, Robert F.; Davidson, Audrey B. (1996). Sacred trust : the medieval church as an economic firm. Robert B. Ekelund. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510337-8. OCLC 34943197.
Smith, Julia M. H. (2010). Portable Christianity: Relics in the Medieval West (c. 700–1200) (PDF). Proceedings of the British Academy. Vol. 181. Oxford University Press (published 2012). pp. 143–167. doi:10.5871/bacad/9780197265277.003.0006. ISBN 9780197265277. ISSN 0068-1202. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-02-23. Retrieved 2022-04-18.

youtube.com (Global: 13^th place; English: 14^th place)

"Direktsänd ekumenisk vesper på den helige Eriks dag". Church of Sweden. 18 May 2025. Retrieved 16 April 2026.

Relic (English Wikipedia)

americancatholic.org (Global: low place; English: 8,488th place)

artnet.com (Global: 1,791st place; English: 1,178th place)

atlasobscura.com (Global: 2,066th place; English: 1,258th place)

bas.bg (Global: 3,891st place; English: low place)

iempam.bas.bg

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

bostoncatholic.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

cambridge.org (Global: 209th place; English: 151st place)

carmelite.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

catholiceducation.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ccel.org (Global: 2,249th place; English: 1,566th place)

columbia.edu (Global: 554th place; English: 368th place)

learn.columbia.edu

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

ewtn.com (Global: 3,893rd place; English: 2,680th place)

firstthings.com (Global: 9,360th place; English: 5,569th place)

fordham.edu (Global: 2,122nd place; English: 1,444th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

indcatholicnews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

lexico.com (Global: 2,946th place; English: 2,042nd place)

malankaralibrary.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

mechon-mamre.org (Global: 1,724th place; English: 825th place)

metmuseum.org (Global: 854th place; English: 646th place)

mliles.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

newadvent.org (Global: 530th place; English: 466th place)

newliturgicalmovement.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

newrepublic.com (Global: 2,046th place; English: 1,108th place)

nii.ac.jp (Global: 195th place; English: 1,046th place)

dsr.nii.ac.jp

npr.org (Global: 114th place; English: 75th place)

orthodoxword.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ox.ac.uk (Global: 541st place; English: 356th place)

csla.history.ox.ac.uk

pravmir.ru (Global: 5,345th place; English: low place)

lib.pravmir.ru

santiago-compostela.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

scripturecatholic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

srednieveka.ru (Global: low place; English: low place)

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 40th place; English: 27th place)

the-orb.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

thebritishacademy.ac.uk (Global: 6,081st place; English: 4,181st place)

uchicago.edu (Global: 226th place; English: 199th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

vatican.va (Global: 184th place; English: 336th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

youtube.com (Global: 13th place; English: 14th place)

americancatholic.org (Global: low place; English: 8,488^th place)

artnet.com (Global: 1,791^st place; English: 1,178^th place)

atlasobscura.com (Global: 2,066^th place; English: 1,258^th place)

bas.bg (Global: 3,891^st place; English: low place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cambridge.org (Global: 209^th place; English: 151^st place)

ccel.org (Global: 2,249^th place; English: 1,566^th place)

columbia.edu (Global: 554^th place; English: 368^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

ewtn.com (Global: 3,893^rd place; English: 2,680^th place)

firstthings.com (Global: 9,360^th place; English: 5,569^th place)

fordham.edu (Global: 2,122^nd place; English: 1,444^th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

lexico.com (Global: 2,946^th place; English: 2,042^nd place)

mechon-mamre.org (Global: 1,724^th place; English: 825^th place)

metmuseum.org (Global: 854^th place; English: 646^th place)

newadvent.org (Global: 530^th place; English: 466^th place)

newrepublic.com (Global: 2,046^th place; English: 1,108^th place)

nii.ac.jp (Global: 195^th place; English: 1,046^th place)

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

ox.ac.uk (Global: 541^st place; English: 356^th place)

pravmir.ru (Global: 5,345^th place; English: low place)

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 40^th place; English: 27^th place)

thebritishacademy.ac.uk (Global: 6,081^st place; English: 4,181^st place)

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

vatican.va (Global: 184^th place; English: 336^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

youtube.com (Global: 13^th place; English: 14^th place)