Rhine (English Wikipedia)

"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). Vorderrhein. Gewässernetz 1:2 Mio. National Map 1:200 000 (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). Alpenrhein. Gewässernetz 1:2 Mio. National Map 1:2 Mio (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). Lake Constance. Gewässernetz 1:200 000, Flussordnung. National Map 1:2 Mio (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). High Rhine. Gewässernetz 1:2 Mio. National Map 1:2 Mio (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"1232 - Oberalppass" (Map). Lai da Tuma (2015 ed.). 1:25 000. National Map 1:25'000. Wabern, Switzerland: Federal Office of Topography – swisstopo. 2013. ISBN 978-3-302-01232-2. Retrieved 1 March 2018 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"1193 - Tödi" (Map). Piz Russein (2016 ed.). 1:25 000. National Map 1:25'000. Wabern, Switzerland: Federal Office of Topography – swisstopo. 2013. ISBN 978-3-302-01193-6. Retrieved 28 February 2018 – via map.geo.admin.ch.

shop.swisstopo.admin.ch

"1232 - Oberalppass" (Map). Lai da Tuma (2015 ed.). 1:25 000. National Map 1:25'000. Wabern, Switzerland: Federal Office of Topography – swisstopo. 2013. ISBN 978-3-302-01232-2. Retrieved 1 March 2018 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"1193 - Tödi" (Map). Piz Russein (2016 ed.). 1:25 000. National Map 1:25'000. Wabern, Switzerland: Federal Office of Topography – swisstopo. 2013. ISBN 978-3-302-01193-6. Retrieved 28 February 2018 – via map.geo.admin.ch.

atlasderschweiz.ch

"Atlas der Schweiz Switzerland maps by Swiss Federal Office of Topography". Archived from the original on 9 June 2011.

chr-khr.org

Stahl, K.; Weiler, M.; Van Tiel, M.; Kohn, I.; Hänsler, A.; Freudiger, D.; Seibert, J.; Gerlinger, K.; Moretti, G. (2022). CHR Report No. I-28: Impact of climate change on the rain, snow and glacier melt components of streamflow of the river Rhine and its tributaries (PDF). Lelystad: International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine Basin. p. 26. ISBN 978-90-70980-44-3.
"Length of the Rhine (Update 2015) | International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine basin (CHR)". www.chr-khr.org.

collinsdictionary.com

"Rhine". Collins Dictionary (Online ed.). Retrieved 1 June 2023.

cuni.cz

lexicon.ff.cuni.cz

Bosworth and Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898), p. 799. Sió eá ðe man hǽt Rín Orosius (ed. J. Bosworth 1859) 1.1
Bosworth and Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898), p. 799: Rín; m.; f. The Rhine [...] O. H. Ger. Rín; m.: Icel. Rín; f.

doi.org

Tockner, K.; Uehlinger, U.; Robinson, C. T.; Siber, R.; Tonolla, D.; Peter, F. D. (2009). "European Rivers". In Likens, G. E. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Inland Waters. Vol. 3. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 366–377. doi:10.1016/B978-012370626-3.00044-2. ISBN 978-0-12-370630-0. OCLC 319211428.
Ménot et al. 2006. Ménot, G.; Bard, E.; Rostek, F.; Weijers, J. W. H.; Hopmans, E. C.; Schouten, S.; Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. (15 September 2006). "Early Reactivation of European Rivers During the Last Deglaciation". Science. 313 (5793): 1623–1625. Bibcode:2006Sci...313.1623M. doi:10.1126/science.1130511. hdl:1874/22529. PMID 16973877. S2CID 45157193.
Cohen, Stouthamer & Berendsen 2002. Cohen, K. M.; Stouthamer, E.; Berendsen, H. J. A. (February 2002). "Fluvial Deposits as a Record for Late Quaternary Neotectonic Activity in the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 81 (3–4): 389–405. Bibcode:2002NJGeo..81..389C. doi:10.1017/S0016774600022678. ISSN 0016-7746.
Hoffmann et al. 2007. Hoffmann, T.; Erkens, G.; Cohen, K.; Houben, P.; Seidel, J.; Dikau, R. (2007). "Holocene Floodplain Sediment Storage and Hillslope Erosion Within the Rhine Catchment". The Holocene. 17 (1): 105–118. Bibcode:2007Holoc..17..105H. doi:10.1177/0959683607073287. S2CID 128500289.
Gouw & Erkens 2007. Gouw, M. J. P.; Erkens, G. (March 2007). "Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) – A result of changing external controls". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 86 (1): 23–54. Bibcode:2007NJGeo..86...23G. doi:10.1017/S0016774600021302. ISSN 0016-7746.

etymonline.com

In Albanian/Illyrian rrhedh also means to "move, flow, run". Pokorny's (1959) "3. er- : or- : r- 'to move, set in motion'" (pp. 326–32), laryngealist *h₁reiH-, with an -n- suffix; Celtic reflexes: Old Irish renn "rapid", rīan "sea", Middle Irish rian "river, way". The root gives the Germanic verb rinnan (' ← *ri-nw-an) whence English run (from a causative *rannjanan, Old English eornan); Gothic rinnan "run, flow", Old English rinnan, Old Norse rinna "to run",, rinno "brook"; cf. Sanskrit rinati "causes to flow"; Root cognates without the -n- suffix include Middle Low German ride "brook", Old English riþ "stream", Dutch ril "running stream", Latin rivus "stream", Old Church Slavonic reka "river".; see also "Rhine". Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper. November 2001. Retrieved 10 February 2009.

euwid-wasser.de

Gerber, A. (6 July 2022). "Klimaforscher Latif: Rhein könnte bei Dürre austrocknen" [Climate researcher Latif: The Rhine could dry out in the event of a drought]. EUWID Wasser und Abwasser (in German). Gernsbach: EUWID Europäischer Wirtschaftsdienst. Retrieved 9 January 2023.

geoportail.fr

tab.geoportail.fr

"Le Rhin" (official site) (in French). Paris, France: L'Institut National de l'Information Geographique et Forestrière IGN. Retrieved 6 March 2016.

gewiss.ch

"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). Vorderrhein. Gewässernetz 1:2 Mio. National Map 1:200 000 (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). Alpenrhein. Gewässernetz 1:2 Mio. National Map 1:2 Mio (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). Lake Constance. Gewässernetz 1:200 000, Flussordnung. National Map 1:2 Mio (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.
"Maps of Switzerland – Swiss Confederation – GEWISS" (online map). High Rhine. Gewässernetz 1:2 Mio. National Map 1:2 Mio (in German). Cartography by Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. Berne, Switzerland: Federal Office for the Environment FOEN. 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2016 – via map.geo.admin.ch.

graubuenden.ch

maps.graubuenden.ch

"85 Senda Sursilvana (5 Etappen)". maps.graubuenden.ch. Archived from the original on 6 January 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2019.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Krahe, H. (1964). Unsere ältesten Flussnamen [Our Oldest River Names] (in German). Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz. hdl:2027/mdp.39015055266442. OCLC 10374594.
Ménot et al. 2006. Ménot, G.; Bard, E.; Rostek, F.; Weijers, J. W. H.; Hopmans, E. C.; Schouten, S.; Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. (15 September 2006). "Early Reactivation of European Rivers During the Last Deglaciation". Science. 313 (5793): 1623–1625. Bibcode:2006Sci...313.1623M. doi:10.1126/science.1130511. hdl:1874/22529. PMID 16973877. S2CID 45157193.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Ménot et al. 2006. Ménot, G.; Bard, E.; Rostek, F.; Weijers, J. W. H.; Hopmans, E. C.; Schouten, S.; Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. (15 September 2006). "Early Reactivation of European Rivers During the Last Deglaciation". Science. 313 (5793): 1623–1625. Bibcode:2006Sci...313.1623M. doi:10.1126/science.1130511. hdl:1874/22529. PMID 16973877. S2CID 45157193.
Cohen, Stouthamer & Berendsen 2002. Cohen, K. M.; Stouthamer, E.; Berendsen, H. J. A. (February 2002). "Fluvial Deposits as a Record for Late Quaternary Neotectonic Activity in the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 81 (3–4): 389–405. Bibcode:2002NJGeo..81..389C. doi:10.1017/S0016774600022678. ISSN 0016-7746.
Hoffmann et al. 2007. Hoffmann, T.; Erkens, G.; Cohen, K.; Houben, P.; Seidel, J.; Dikau, R. (2007). "Holocene Floodplain Sediment Storage and Hillslope Erosion Within the Rhine Catchment". The Holocene. 17 (1): 105–118. Bibcode:2007Holoc..17..105H. doi:10.1177/0959683607073287. S2CID 128500289.
Gouw & Erkens 2007. Gouw, M. J. P.; Erkens, G. (March 2007). "Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) – A result of changing external controls". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 86 (1): 23–54. Bibcode:2007NJGeo..86...23G. doi:10.1017/S0016774600021302. ISSN 0016-7746.

hydrologicalatlas.ch

Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, row 10-4. Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.
Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, row 10-6. Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.
Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, row 10-7. Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.
Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, row 10-12 "Rhein–Landesgrenze (Gesamtgebiet)". Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.
Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, row 20-10. Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.
Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, row 10-10. Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.
Schädler & Weingartner 2002, Table 1, rows 10-10 and 20-10. Schädler, B.; Weingartner, R. (2002). "Plate 6.3: Components of the Natural Water Balance 1961–1990" (PDF). Hydrological Atlas of Switzerland.

idiotikon.ch

digital.idiotikon.ch

[1] Schweizerisches Idiotikon s.v. Rī(n) (6,994).

inl.nl

gtb.inl.nl

Rijn, Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek

jstor.org

Cioc 2002, pp. 48–49. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 52. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 53. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 54. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 56. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ménot et al. 2006. Ménot, G.; Bard, E.; Rostek, F.; Weijers, J. W. H.; Hopmans, E. C.; Schouten, S.; Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. (15 September 2006). "Early Reactivation of European Rivers During the Last Deglaciation". Science. 313 (5793): 1623–1625. Bibcode:2006Sci...313.1623M. doi:10.1126/science.1130511. hdl:1874/22529. PMID 16973877. S2CID 45157193.

rheinregulierung.at

Bergmeister, U.; Kalt, L. "Geschiebeführung" [Conveyance of bedload] (in German). Lustenau: Internationale Rheinregulierung. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012.

scherrer-hydrol.ch

Scherrer, S.; Petrascheck, A.; Hode, H. (2006). "Extreme Hochwasser des Rheins bei Basel – Herleitung von Szenarien" [Extreme Flooding of the Rhine near Basel - Derivation of Scenarios] (PDF). Wasser Energie Luft (in German). 98 (1). Baden: Schweizerischer Wasserwirtschaftsverband: 43. ISSN 0377-905X.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Ménot et al. 2006. Ménot, G.; Bard, E.; Rostek, F.; Weijers, J. W. H.; Hopmans, E. C.; Schouten, S.; Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. (15 September 2006). "Early Reactivation of European Rivers During the Last Deglaciation". Science. 313 (5793): 1623–1625. Bibcode:2006Sci...313.1623M. doi:10.1126/science.1130511. hdl:1874/22529. PMID 16973877. S2CID 45157193.
Hoffmann et al. 2007. Hoffmann, T.; Erkens, G.; Cohen, K.; Houben, P.; Seidel, J.; Dikau, R. (2007). "Holocene Floodplain Sediment Storage and Hillslope Erosion Within the Rhine Catchment". The Holocene. 17 (1): 105–118. Bibcode:2007Holoc..17..105H. doi:10.1177/0959683607073287. S2CID 128500289.

sueddeutsche.de

Schrader, C.; Uhlmann, B. (28 March 2010). "Der Rhein ist kürzer als gedacht – Jahrhundert-Irrtum" [The Rhine is Shorter Than Expected – The Mistake of the Century]. Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). München.

thelocal.de

"Rhine River 90 km shorter than everyone thinks". The Local. 27 March 2010. Archived from the original on 19 August 2022. "We checked it out and came to 1,232 kilometers," said Ankie Pannekoek, spokeswoman for the Dutch government hydrology office.

tourismus-rheinfelden.ch

"Schifffahrt Rheinfelden – Basel [Boat trip Rheinfelden–Basel]". Retrieved 8 February 2025.

unesco.org

unesdoc.unesco.org

Frijters & Leentvaar 2003. Frijters, I. D.; Leentvaar, J. (2003). Rhine Case Study (PDF). Technical Documents in Hydrology, PCCP series. Vol. 17. Paris: UNESCO International Hydrological Programme. OCLC 55974122. SC/2003/WS/54.

urh.ch

"Schifffahrtsgesellschaft Untersee und Rhein (URh) [Boat trip Schaffhausen–Kreuzlingen]". Retrieved 8 February 2025.

web.archive.org

"Rhine River 90 km shorter than everyone thinks". The Local. 27 March 2010. Archived from the original on 19 August 2022. "We checked it out and came to 1,232 kilometers," said Ankie Pannekoek, spokeswoman for the Dutch government hydrology office.
"Atlas der Schweiz Switzerland maps by Swiss Federal Office of Topography". Archived from the original on 9 June 2011.
"85 Senda Sursilvana (5 Etappen)". maps.graubuenden.ch. Archived from the original on 6 January 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
Bergmeister, U.; Kalt, L. "Geschiebeführung" [Conveyance of bedload] (in German). Lustenau: Internationale Rheinregulierung. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012.

wikimedia.org

upload.wikimedia.org

German: Rhein [ʁaɪn] ^ⓘ; French: Rhin^[1] [ʁɛ̃] ^ⓘ; Dutch: Rijn [rɛin] ^ⓘ; Walloon: Rén [ʀẽ] ^ⓘ; Limburgish: Rien; Sursilvan: Rein, ריין‎, Sutsilvan and Surmiran: Ragn, Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader and Puter: Rain; Italian: Reno [ˈrɛːno]; Alemannic German: Rhi(n), including in Alsatian and Low Alemannic German; Ripuarian and Low Franconian: Rhing; Latin: Rhenus [ˈr̥eːnʊs].

wiktionary.org

en.wiktionary.org

In Albanian/Illyrian rrhedh also means to "move, flow, run". Pokorny's (1959) "3. er- : or- : r- 'to move, set in motion'" (pp. 326–32), laryngealist *h₁reiH-, with an -n- suffix; Celtic reflexes: Old Irish renn "rapid", rīan "sea", Middle Irish rian "river, way". The root gives the Germanic verb rinnan (' ← *ri-nw-an) whence English run (from a causative *rannjanan, Old English eornan); Gothic rinnan "run, flow", Old English rinnan, Old Norse rinna "to run",, rinno "brook"; cf. Sanskrit rinati "causes to flow"; Root cognates without the -n- suffix include Middle Low German ride "brook", Old English riþ "stream", Dutch ril "running stream", Latin rivus "stream", Old Church Slavonic reka "river".; see also "Rhine". Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper. November 2001. Retrieved 10 February 2009.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Frijters & Leentvaar 2003. Frijters, I. D.; Leentvaar, J. (2003). Rhine Case Study (PDF). Technical Documents in Hydrology, PCCP series. Vol. 17. Paris: UNESCO International Hydrological Programme. OCLC 55974122. SC/2003/WS/54.
Krahe, H. (1964). Unsere ältesten Flussnamen [Our Oldest River Names] (in German). Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz. hdl:2027/mdp.39015055266442. OCLC 10374594.
Scherrer, S.; Petrascheck, A.; Hode, H. (2006). "Extreme Hochwasser des Rheins bei Basel – Herleitung von Szenarien" [Extreme Flooding of the Rhine near Basel - Derivation of Scenarios] (PDF). Wasser Energie Luft (in German). 98 (1). Baden: Schweizerischer Wasserwirtschaftsverband: 43. ISSN 0377-905X.
Cioc 2002, pp. 48–49. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 52. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 53. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 54. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Cioc 2002, p. 56. Cioc, M. (2002). The Rhine: An Eco-Biography, 1815–2000. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98254-0. JSTOR j.ctvcwndcf. OCLC 50041291.
Tockner, K.; Uehlinger, U.; Robinson, C. T.; Siber, R.; Tonolla, D.; Peter, F. D. (2009). "European Rivers". In Likens, G. E. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Inland Waters. Vol. 3. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 366–377. doi:10.1016/B978-012370626-3.00044-2. ISBN 978-0-12-370630-0. OCLC 319211428.
Berendsen & Stouthamer 2001 Berendsen, H. J. A.; Stouthamer, E. (2001). Palaeogeographic Development of the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands. Assen: Koninklijke Van Gorcum. ISBN 978-90-232-3695-5. OCLC 48632545.
Cohen, Stouthamer & Berendsen 2002. Cohen, K. M.; Stouthamer, E.; Berendsen, H. J. A. (February 2002). "Fluvial Deposits as a Record for Late Quaternary Neotectonic Activity in the Rhine-Meuse Delta, the Netherlands". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 81 (3–4): 389–405. Bibcode:2002NJGeo..81..389C. doi:10.1017/S0016774600022678. ISSN 0016-7746.
Gouw & Erkens 2007. Gouw, M. J. P.; Erkens, G. (March 2007). "Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) – A result of changing external controls". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 86 (1): 23–54. Bibcode:2007NJGeo..86...23G. doi:10.1017/S0016774600021302. ISSN 0016-7746.