SMS (English Wikipedia)

GSM TS 02.03 Archived 2008-12-05 at the Wayback Machine, Teleservices Supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN).
MAP phase 1 specification, available from the 3GPP Archived 2008-10-17 at the Wayback Machine web site.
MAP phase 2 specification, available from the 3GPP Archived 2008-10-17 at the Wayback Machine web site.
CAMEL Phase 3 specification, available from the 3GPP Archived 2007-05-01 at the Wayback Machine web site.
3GPP TS 23.038 Archived 2007-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, Alphabets and language-specific information.

portal.3gpp.org

"Specification # 03.40". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Specification # 23.040". Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Specification # 03.41". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Specification # 23.041". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Use of Data Terminal Equipment – Data Circuit terminating Equipment (DTE – DCE) interface for Short Message Service (SMS) and Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)". Archived from the original on February 16, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2019.

archive.today

"Motorola's ReFLEX Protocol Delivers Wireless Data With Unparelleled Nationwide Network Coverage". July 17, 2012. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012.
Nirmala Ganapathy (September 27, 2011). "3,000 SMS a Month Limit in India From Today". Straits Times Indonesia. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2011.

arxiv.org

Solutions to the GSM Security Weaknesses Archived 2014-08-10 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies (NGMAST2008), pp. 576–581, Cardiff, UK, September 2008, arXiv:1002.3175
SSMS – A Secure SMS Messaging Protocol for the M-Payment Systems Archived 2016-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'08), pp. 700–705, July 2008 arXiv:1002.3171

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Hppy bthdy txt! Archived 2007-01-20 at the Wayback Machine December 2002, BBC News.
"BT unveils new mobile brand". BBC News Online. September 3, 2001. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2021.

bbc.co.uk

Kleinman, Zoe. "'Merry Christmas': 30 years of the text message". Archived from the original on 2022-12-03. Retrieved 2022-12-03.

caktusgroup.com

"Caktus Group". Archived from the original on 2017-02-22. Retrieved 2017-02-21.

cellular-news.com

"Report Says That SMS is Not Ideal for Emergency Communications". cellular-news. Archived from the original on January 25, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.

cnn.com

Kelly, Heather (December 3, 2012). "OMG, The Text Message Turns 20. But has SMS peaked?". CNN. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2020.

developershome.com

"SMS Tutorial: Introduction to AT Commands, Basic Commands and Extended Commands". Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved June 14, 2015.

digitaltrends.com

Hill, Simon; Revilla, Andre (28 April 2022). "How to send a text message from your email account". Digital Trends. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022. Keep in mind that if you're trying to send a message that's more than 160 characters long, it will often be sent through the Multimedia Message Service (MMS).

eff.org

US Department of Homeland Security. "Cellular Technologies" (PDF). Electronic Frontier Foundation). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 24, 2012.
Reitman, Rainey (10 January 2012). "Privacy Roundup: Mandatory Data Retention, Smart Meter Hacks, and Law Enforcement Usage of "Silent SMS"". Electronic Frontier Foundation. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.

elprocus.com

Agarwal, Tarun (2019-09-18). "What are AT Commands : Different Types, and Their List". ElProCus – Electronic Projects for Engineering Students. Archived from the original on 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-07-11.

err.ee

Nael, Merili (June 30, 2015). "Suri tekstisõnumite looja Matti Makkonen" [Creator of text messages Matti Makkonen died]. Err.ee (in Estonian). Eesti Rahvusringhääling. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2015.

etsi.org

ETSI, TC-SMG. "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Technical realization of the Short Message Service (SMS)" (PDF). etsi.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-12-12. Retrieved 2023-12-12.
"3GPP TS 51.010-1 version 12.5.0 Release 12" (PDF). ETSI. September 2015. pp. 3418–3423. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 24, 2017. Retrieved April 23, 2017.

findarticles.com

"Motorola's ReFLEX Protocol Delivers Wireless Data With Unparelleled Nationwide Network Coverage". July 17, 2012. Archived from the original on July 17, 2012.

google.com

USPTO – US Patent 7028263 2001 Archived 2024-01-11 at the Wayback Machine

gsmhistory.com

"Vintage Mobiles". History of GSM. Orbitel 901 – the first GSM mobile and the first to receive a commercial SMS text message (1992). Archived from the original on 2016-01-26. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
"So who really did create SMS?". Stephen Temple. February 24, 2013. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved April 6, 2013.

gsmworld.com

GSM World press release Archived February 15, 2002, at the Wayback Machine

guardian.co.uk

books.guardian.co.uk

Crystal, David (July 5, 2008). "2b or not 2b?". Guardian Unlimited. London, UK. Archived from the original on July 8, 2008. Retrieved July 8, 2008.

heise.de

"Zoll, BKA und Verfassungsschutz verschickten 2010 über 440.000 "stille SMS" | heise online". Heise.de. Archived from the original on March 2, 2013. Retrieved February 24, 2013.

hindustantimes.com

"Online apps slash telecoms revenue: 80% decline in voice calls, 94% drop in SMS in 10 years". Hindustan Times. 2023-07-09. Archived from the original on 2023-11-11. Retrieved 2023-11-11.

ictworks.org

Text Message Delivery Time and Reliability Archived July 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

Solutions to the GSM Security Weaknesses Archived 2014-08-10 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies (NGMAST2008), pp. 576–581, Cardiff, UK, September 2008, arXiv:1002.3175
SSMS – A Secure SMS Messaging Protocol for the M-Payment Systems Archived 2016-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'08), pp. 700–705, July 2008 arXiv:1002.3171

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

UK hails 10th birthday of SMS Archived 2011-04-29 at the Wayback Machine, December 2002, The Times of India.

infobip.com

"What is A2P (Application-to-person) SMS Messaging? | Glossary". www.infobip.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2019.

itu.int

"The World Today – The rise of 3G" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-12-03. Retrieved 2022-12-03.

latimes.com

latimesblogs.latimes.com

"Technology". May 3, 2009. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved June 14, 2015.

logica.com

"First commercial deployment of Text Messaging (SMS)". Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved May 24, 2017.

o2.co.uk

community.o2.co.uk

"Text Message Tips (not sent or received)". community.o2.co.uk. December 9, 2018. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.

openmindnetworks.com

"An overview on how to stop SMS Spoofing in mobile operator networks (September 9, 2008)". Archived from the original on September 26, 2008. Retrieved September 12, 2008.

phonearena.com

"The death of SMS is exaggerated". 13 June 2011. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 25 November 2011.

phonescoop.com

From Phone Scoop definitions – Threaded Messaging definition (Phone Scoop) Archived 2013-02-03 at the Wayback Machine – Retrieved December 29, 2012

playgkquiz.com

"When First SMS Was Sent". Play GK Quiz. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 27, 2017.

portioresearch.com

Portio Research. "Mobile Messaging Futures 2014-20148". Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved September 28, 2016.

routomessaging.com

"SMS types on routomessaging.com". Archived from the original on May 5, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2016.

sinch.com

"Long Code Vs Short Code – What's The Difference?". Archived from the original on January 11, 2024. Retrieved September 23, 2015.

sms-wiki.org

"Flash SMS". Archived from the original on August 18, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.

smsanalysis.org

An Analysis of Vulnerabilities in SMS-Capable Cellular Networks: Exploiting Open Functionality in SMS-Capable Cellular Networks Archived 2009-05-30 at the Wayback Machine (Website) Archived December 10, 2005, at the Wayback Machine

smstextnews.com

Ewan (September 1, 2006). "10pText.co.uk help you text internationally for 10p/text". SMStextnews. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2017.

sprintpcs.com

support.sprintpcs.com

"Support – How do I compose and send a text message to a Sprint or Nextel customer from email?". Support.sprintpcs.com. Archived from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.

ssb22.user.srcf.net

"Simplifying Unicode punctuation for SMS". ssb22.user.srcf.net. Archived from the original on July 15, 2021. Retrieved July 15, 2021.

t-mobile.com

"t-zones text messaging: send and receive messages with mobile text messaging". T-mobile.com. Archived from the original on September 17, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.

telegraph.co.uk

Jennifer O Mahony; Jennifer Omahony (3 December 2012). "How SMS Changed the World". The Telegraph UK. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2020.

telenor.com

"Our history in Norway". Telenor Group. 1993. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022. Telenor leads in establishing GSM (2G) – the SMS service was a part of this platform

textanywhere.net

"Is there a maximum SMS message length?". TextAnywhere. Archived from the original on May 8, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.

theage.com.au

Han, Esther (May 6, 2015). "Cheaper mobile calls and text as ACCC moves to slash wholesale fees". Archived from the original on May 8, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2015 – via The Age.

thehindu.com

Special Correspondent (January 26, 2012). "News / National : TRAI cap on SMS goes". The Hindu. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved February 24, 2013.

thejakartaglobe.com

Nirmala Ganapathy (September 27, 2011). "3,000 SMS a Month Limit in India From Today". Straits Times Indonesia. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2011.

theregister.co.uk

Leyden, John (January 2004). "BT trials mobile SMS to voice landline". The Register. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.

trai.gov.in

"TRAI extends the 100 SMS per day per SIM limit to 200 SMS per day per SIM" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 11, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2011.

twilio.com

support.twilio.com

"Does Twilio support concatenated SMS messages or messages over 160 characters?". Twilio Support. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022. when sending very long SMS messages (longer than 10 segments with Unicode characters) some mobile carriers may have trouble handling these messages.
"Commercial Long Code SMS Product and Fee Structure Changes on Verizon". Archived from the original on October 18, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2019.

uts.edu.au

services.eng.uts.edu.au

Amri, Kuross. "Communication Networks". Archived from the original on May 11, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2013.

uwaterloo.ca

cs.uwaterloo.ca

Oliver, Earl, Design and Implementation of a Short Message Service Data Channel for Mobile Systems (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2022, retrieved March 14, 2022

vzw.com

support.vzw.com

"Answers to FAQs – Verizon Wireless Support". Support.vzw.com. Archived from the original on September 9, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.

web.archive.org

Kelly, Heather (December 3, 2012). "OMG, The Text Message Turns 20. But has SMS peaked?". CNN. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
Hppy bthdy txt! Archived 2007-01-20 at the Wayback Machine December 2002, BBC News.
Kleinman, Zoe. "'Merry Christmas': 30 years of the text message". Archived from the original on 2022-12-03. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
"Vintage Mobiles". History of GSM. Orbitel 901 – the first GSM mobile and the first to receive a commercial SMS text message (1992). Archived from the original on 2016-01-26. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
Jennifer O Mahony; Jennifer Omahony (3 December 2012). "How SMS Changed the World". The Telegraph UK. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
"When First SMS Was Sent". Play GK Quiz. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
Black, Ken (September 13, 2016). "What is SMS Marketing?". wiseGEEK. Archived from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
Portio Research. "Mobile Messaging Futures 2014-20148". Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved September 28, 2016.
"Technology". May 3, 2009. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
ETSI, TC-SMG. "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Technical realization of the Short Message Service (SMS)" (PDF). etsi.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-12-12. Retrieved 2023-12-12.
"So who really did create SMS?". Stephen Temple. February 24, 2013. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved April 6, 2013.
GSM TS 02.03 Archived 2008-12-05 at the Wayback Machine, Teleservices Supported by a GSM Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN).
Finn Trosby, "the strange duckling of GSM SMS" Archived September 25, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Telektronikk Vol.3 2004.
MAP phase 1 specification, available from the 3GPP Archived 2008-10-17 at the Wayback Machine web site.
MAP phase 2 specification, available from the 3GPP Archived 2008-10-17 at the Wayback Machine web site.
CAMEL Phase 3 specification, available from the 3GPP Archived 2007-05-01 at the Wayback Machine web site.
UK hails 10th birthday of SMS Archived 2011-04-29 at the Wayback Machine, December 2002, The Times of India.
"First commercial deployment of Text Messaging (SMS)". Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
US Department of Homeland Security. "Cellular Technologies" (PDF). Electronic Frontier Foundation). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 24, 2012.
"Our history in Norway". Telenor Group. 1993. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022. Telenor leads in establishing GSM (2G) – the SMS service was a part of this platform
"BT unveils new mobile brand". BBC News Online. September 3, 2001. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2021.
Nael, Merili (June 30, 2015). "Suri tekstisõnumite looja Matti Makkonen" [Creator of text messages Matti Makkonen died]. Err.ee (in Estonian). Eesti Rahvusringhääling. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2015.
GSM World press release Archived February 15, 2002, at the Wayback Machine
Crystal, David (July 5, 2008). "2b or not 2b?". Guardian Unlimited. London, UK. Archived from the original on July 8, 2008. Retrieved July 8, 2008.
"The World Today – The rise of 3G" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-12-03. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
Han, Esther (May 6, 2015). "Cheaper mobile calls and text as ACCC moves to slash wholesale fees". Archived from the original on May 8, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2015 – via The Age.
"Caktus Group". Archived from the original on 2017-02-22. Retrieved 2017-02-21.
"Libya's Election Ushers in New Voter Tech". World Policy Institute. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
"The death of SMS is exaggerated". 13 June 2011. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
"Online apps slash telecoms revenue: 80% decline in voice calls, 94% drop in SMS in 10 years". Hindustan Times. 2023-07-09. Archived from the original on 2023-11-11. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
"Specification # 03.40". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Specification # 23.040". Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Specification # 03.41". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
"Specification # 23.041". Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
Oliver, Earl, Design and Implementation of a Short Message Service Data Channel for Mobile Systems (PDF), archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2022, retrieved March 14, 2022
"Text Message Tips (not sent or received)". community.o2.co.uk. December 9, 2018. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
Amri, Kuross. "Communication Networks". Archived from the original on May 11, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2013.
3GPP TS 23.038 Archived 2007-06-16 at the Wayback Machine, Alphabets and language-specific information.
Groves, Ian (1998). Mobile systems (1st ed.). London: Springer. pp. 70, 79, 163–66. ISBN 978-1-4615-6377-8. OCLC 847640648. Archived from the original on 2024-01-11. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
"Does Twilio support concatenated SMS messages or messages over 160 characters?". Twilio Support. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022. when sending very long SMS messages (longer than 10 segments with Unicode characters) some mobile carriers may have trouble handling these messages.
"Simplifying Unicode punctuation for SMS". ssb22.user.srcf.net. Archived from the original on July 15, 2021. Retrieved July 15, 2021.
"t-zones text messaging: send and receive messages with mobile text messaging". T-mobile.com. Archived from the original on September 17, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
"Support – How do I compose and send a text message to a Sprint or Nextel customer from email?". Support.sprintpcs.com. Archived from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
"Answers to FAQs – Verizon Wireless Support". Support.vzw.com. Archived from the original on September 9, 2008. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
"Is there a maximum SMS message length?". TextAnywhere. Archived from the original on May 8, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
Hill, Simon; Revilla, Andre (28 April 2022). "How to send a text message from your email account". Digital Trends. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022. Keep in mind that if you're trying to send a message that's more than 160 characters long, it will often be sent through the Multimedia Message Service (MMS).
Leyden, John (January 2004). "BT trials mobile SMS to voice landline". The Register. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
Ewan (September 1, 2006). "10pText.co.uk help you text internationally for 10p/text". SMStextnews. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
"Use of Data Terminal Equipment – Data Circuit terminating Equipment (DTE – DCE) interface for Short Message Service (SMS) and Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)". Archived from the original on February 16, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
"SMS Tutorial: Introduction to AT Commands, Basic Commands and Extended Commands". Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
Agarwal, Tarun (2019-09-18). "What are AT Commands : Different Types, and Their List". ElProCus – Electronic Projects for Engineering Students. Archived from the original on 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
USPTO – US Patent 7028263 2001 Archived 2024-01-11 at the Wayback Machine
From Phone Scoop definitions – Threaded Messaging definition (Phone Scoop) Archived 2013-02-03 at the Wayback Machine – Retrieved December 29, 2012
"What is A2P (Application-to-person) SMS Messaging? | Glossary". www.infobip.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2019.
"Long Code Vs Short Code – What's The Difference?". Archived from the original on January 11, 2024. Retrieved September 23, 2015.
"Commercial Long Code SMS Product and Fee Structure Changes on Verizon". Archived from the original on October 18, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2019.
"Report Says That SMS is Not Ideal for Emergency Communications". cellular-news. Archived from the original on January 25, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
Text Message Delivery Time and Reliability Archived July 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
Solutions to the GSM Security Weaknesses Archived 2014-08-10 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies (NGMAST2008), pp. 576–581, Cardiff, UK, September 2008, arXiv:1002.3175
SSMS – A Secure SMS Messaging Protocol for the M-Payment Systems Archived 2016-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC'08), pp. 700–705, July 2008 arXiv:1002.3171
An Analysis of Vulnerabilities in SMS-Capable Cellular Networks: Exploiting Open Functionality in SMS-Capable Cellular Networks Archived 2009-05-30 at the Wayback Machine (Website) Archived December 10, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
"An overview on how to stop SMS Spoofing in mobile operator networks (September 9, 2008)". Archived from the original on September 26, 2008. Retrieved September 12, 2008.
"TRAI extends the 100 SMS per day per SIM limit to 200 SMS per day per SIM" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 11, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
Special Correspondent (January 26, 2012). "News / National : TRAI cap on SMS goes". The Hindu. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
"SMS types on routomessaging.com". Archived from the original on May 5, 2013. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
"Flash SMS". Archived from the original on August 18, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
Reitman, Rainey (10 January 2012). "Privacy Roundup: Mandatory Data Retention, Smart Meter Hacks, and Law Enforcement Usage of "Silent SMS"". Electronic Frontier Foundation. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
"Zoll, BKA und Verfassungsschutz verschickten 2010 über 440.000 "stille SMS" | heise online". Heise.de. Archived from the original on March 2, 2013. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
"3GPP TS 51.010-1 version 12.5.0 Release 12" (PDF). ETSI. September 2015. pp. 3418–3423. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 24, 2017. Retrieved April 23, 2017.

wisegeek.com

Black, Ken (September 13, 2016). "What is SMS Marketing?". wiseGEEK. Archived from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved September 28, 2016.

worldcat.org

Matthews, Charles H. (Economist) (2015). Innovation and entrepreneurship : a competency framework. Brueggemann, Ralph. (First ed.). New York. ISBN 978-0-415-74252-8. OCLC 893453493.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Groves, Ian (1998). Mobile systems (1st ed.). London: Springer. pp. 70, 79, 163–66. ISBN 978-1-4615-6377-8. OCLC 847640648. Archived from the original on 2024-01-11. Retrieved 2021-09-23.

worldpolicy.org

"Libya's Election Ushers in New Voter Tech". World Policy Institute. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2015.