SOSUS (English Wikipedia)

The sometimes mentioned Sea Spider "system" was simply a complex and unsuccessful experiment with a very large suspended array in the Pacific. It was part of LRAPP as noted on page 181 of the reference. The experiment was part of the Pacific Acoustic Research Kaneohe — Alaska (PARKA) II experiment in 1969. Parts of Sea Spider ended up off Bermuda, designated Testbed for more experiments. That array was installed by unusual cable and installation vessel Naubuc but also failed (See Naubuc).
Holler, Roger A. (November 5, 2013). "The Evolution Of The Sonobuoy From World War II To The Cold War" (PDF). U.S. Navy Journal of Underwater Acoustics: 332–333. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 24, 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
Solomon, Louis P. (April 2011). "Memoir of the Long Range Acoustic Propagation Program" (PDF). U.S. Navy Journal of Underwater Acoustics. 61 (2): 176–205. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 5, 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
Di Mento, John Mark (December 2006). "The Ocean Environment and the Third Dimension of Naval Warfare" (PDF). Beyond the Water's Edge: United States National Security & the Ocean Environment (Ph.D. thesis). Medford, M A: Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University. pp. 73–74.
Cote, Owen R. Jr. (2003). The Third Battle: Innovation in the U.S. Navy's Silent Cold War Struggle with Soviet Submarines (PDF) (Report). Naval War College. pp. 25–26. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Fenner, Don F.; Cronin, William J. Jr. (1978). Bearing Stake Exercise: Sound Speed and Other Environmental Variability (PDF) (Report). NSTL Station, MS: Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity (NORDA). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2020.

fas.org (Global: 505^th place; English: 410^th place)

"Commander Undersea Surveillance". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 1 January 2021.

ijnhonline.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Weir, Gary E. (August 2006). "he American Sound Surveillance System: Using the Ocean to Hunt Soviet Submarines, 1950-1961" (PDF). International Journal of Naval History. 5 (2). Retrieved 11 February 2020.^{[permanent dead link]}

iusscaa.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Integrated Undersea Surveillance System (IUSS) History 1950 - 2010". IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
"SOSUS Unclassified Cover Story". IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Kneedler, Robert (Fall 2007). "Recollections On the Successful Implementation of the Portion of Brick Bat 03 - Titled Project Caesar II - Pacific (Part 2 of 2)" (PDF). The Cable. Vol. 9, no. 1. IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. pp. 3–6. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
Weinel, Jim (Summer 2004). "Evolution of SOSUS/IUSS Signal Processing (Part 2 of 2)" (PDF). The Cable. Vol. 7, no. 1. IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. p. 3. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Weinel, Jim (Spring 2003). "Evolution of SOSUS/IUSS Signal Processing (Part 1 of 2)" (PDF). The Cable. Vol. 6, no. 1. IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. p. 3. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Rule, Bruce (2012). "Faulty Intelligence Nearly "Sank" SOSUS During the Cuban Missile Crisis". IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
Rule, Bruce (June 17, 2015). "The SOSUS System A Personal Perspective of the Early Years". IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
Rule, Bruce (November 13, 2013). "NAVFAC ADAK, Ancient History". IUSS/CAESAR Alumni Association. Retrieved 13 February 2020.

loc.gov (Global: 70^th place; English: 63^rd place)

lccn.loc.gov

Goldstein, Jack S (1992). A Different Sort of Time: The Life of Jerrold R. Zacharias. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. p. 338. ISBN 0-262-07138-X. LCCN 91037934. OCLC 1015073870.

navy.mil (Global: 237^th place; English: 170^th place)

public.navy.mil

For details on locations, including photographs, see "Past IUSS Sites" Archived 2020-02-16 at the Wayback Machine
Whitman, Edward C. (Winter 2005). "SOSUS The "Secret Weapon" of Undersea Surveillance". Undersea Warfare. Vol. 7, no. 2. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
"Origins of SOSUS". Commander, Undersea Surveillance. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
Commander Undersea Surveillance. "Naval Facility Lewes, August 1955 - September 1981". U.S. Navy. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Commander Undersea Surveillance. "Naval Facility San Salvador, December 1954 - January 1970". U.S. Navy. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
"Naval Facility Brawdy April 1974 - October 1995". United States Navy. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020.

csp.navy.mil

Commander, Undersea Surveillance. "CAPT Joseph P. Kelly, USN (1914-1988)". U.S. Navy. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

history.navy.mil

Weir, Gary R. (2017). "The Navy, Science, and Professional History". Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

navyatcapehenlopen.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

The web page A Century of Service: The U.S. Navy on Cape Henlopen Archived 2021-09-22 at the Wayback Machine has a detailed description with photos and illustrations of this NAVFAC and the cable and array locations. The original phonetic name for the system was GEORGE. The photo of a cross section of the old 21 quad cable is of particular interest.

noaa.gov (Global: 212^th place; English: 172^nd place)

pmel.noaa.gov

"SOund SUrveillance System (SOSUS): General Information". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
"PMEL/Vents Ocean Acoustics (Briefing)" (PDF). Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA. August 2008. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

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Report on Security of Overseas Transport. Volume 1. Project Hartwell. (B. A Proposed Sonar Listening System for Long-Range Submarine Detection (Report). 21 September 1950. pp. D2 – D8. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Keller, Bill (1985). "Spy Case is Called Threat to Finding Soviet Submarines". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

sofarbda.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hallett, Bruce. "MILS". SOFAR Bermuda. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

ussaeolus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

The USS Aeolus Association website has a photo of a display of the first three types of Project Caesar cables.

utexas.edu (Global: 916^th place; English: 706^th place)

arlut.utexas.edu

"Ongoing Research at ARL:UT". Arlut.utexas.edu. University of Texas at Austin Applied Research Laboratories. Archived from the original on 2013-06-19. Retrieved 2013-12-13.

washington.edu (Global: 1,067^th place; English: 749^th place)

apl.washington.edu

"Blue Water Acoustic Research at APL-UW". University of Washington. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

For details on locations, including photographs, see "Past IUSS Sites" Archived 2020-02-16 at the Wayback Machine
The web page A Century of Service: The U.S. Navy on Cape Henlopen Archived 2021-09-22 at the Wayback Machine has a detailed description with photos and illustrations of this NAVFAC and the cable and array locations. The original phonetic name for the system was GEORGE. The photo of a cross section of the old 21 quad cable is of particular interest.
Whitman, Edward C. (Winter 2005). "SOSUS The "Secret Weapon" of Undersea Surveillance". Undersea Warfare. Vol. 7, no. 2. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
"Origins of SOSUS". Commander, Undersea Surveillance. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
Holler, Roger A. (November 5, 2013). "The Evolution Of The Sonobuoy From World War II To The Cold War" (PDF). U.S. Navy Journal of Underwater Acoustics: 332–333. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 24, 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
Solomon, Louis P. (April 2011). "Memoir of the Long Range Acoustic Propagation Program" (PDF). U.S. Navy Journal of Underwater Acoustics. 61 (2): 176–205. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 5, 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
Cote, Owen R. Jr. (2003). The Third Battle: Innovation in the U.S. Navy's Silent Cold War Struggle with Soviet Submarines (PDF) (Report). Naval War College. pp. 25–26. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Commander Undersea Surveillance. "Naval Facility Lewes, August 1955 - September 1981". U.S. Navy. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
Fenner, Don F.; Cronin, William J. Jr. (1978). Bearing Stake Exercise: Sound Speed and Other Environmental Variability (PDF) (Report). NSTL Station, MS: Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity (NORDA). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
Commander Undersea Surveillance. "Naval Facility San Salvador, December 1954 - January 1970". U.S. Navy. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
"Naval Facility Brawdy April 1974 - October 1995". United States Navy. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
"Ongoing Research at ARL:UT". Arlut.utexas.edu. University of Texas at Austin Applied Research Laboratories. Archived from the original on 2013-06-19. Retrieved 2013-12-13.

whoi.edu (Global: 7,365^th place; English: 5,433^rd place)

dlaweb.whoi.edu

"The Papers of Colubus O'Donnell Iselin". Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. April 2001. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

whoi.edu

Lippsett, Lonny (April 5, 2005). "A Lone Voice Crying in the Watery Wilderness". Oceanus. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. Retrieved 11 February 2020.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Goldstein, Jack S (1992). A Different Sort of Time: The Life of Jerrold R. Zacharias. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. p. 338. ISBN 0-262-07138-X. LCCN 91037934. OCLC 1015073870.

youtube.com (Global: 9^th place; English: 13^th place)

Watch in the Sea — Project Caesar (Standard AV Production Identification Number: 24458-DN). Department of the Navy, Bureau of Ships. 1960. Retrieved 23 March 2020.

SOSUS (English Wikipedia)

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