Sentence spacing (English Wikipedia)

Williams 95, p. 1; Sabin 2005. pp. 5–6. Williams, Robin (July–August 1995). "Thirteen Telltale Signs" (PDF). Adobe Magazine. Adobe. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2010. Sabin, William (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual (10th Spiral-bound ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. 688 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-293653-7.

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Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.; Kristi Leonard; et al. (1 February 2003). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". IVLA. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Leonard, et al. 2009. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Leonard, Kristi; et al. (10 October 2009). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". AECT1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011.
Leonard, et al. 2009. Leonard, Kristi; et al. (10 October 2009). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". AECT1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011.

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blog.apastyle.org

Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. This refers to professionally published works, as it is possible for individual authors to publish works through desktop publishing systems. Williams states, "I guarantee this: never in your life have you read professionally set text printed since 1942 that used two spaces after each period." See also, Felici 2003, p. 81; Strizver 2010; Weiderkehr 2009; Williams 1995. p. 4. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Weiderkehr, Sarah (30 July 2009). "On Two Spaces Following a Period". American Psychological Association29 January 2010. Williams, Robin (1995). The PC is Not a Typewriter (1st ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96. ISBN 978-0-938151-49-4.
University of Chicago Press 2010, p. 83; The 16th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style instructs editors to remove extra spaces between sentences when preparing a manuscript for publication; also Weiderkehr 2009. University of Chicago Press (2010). The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers (16th ed.). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10420-1. Weiderkehr, Sarah (30 July 2009). "On Two Spaces Following a Period". American Psychological Association29 January 2010.

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University of Chicago Press 2003, Chicago Manual of Style. p. 243; Einsohn 2006. p. 113; Shushan and Wright 1989. p. 34. University of Chicago Press (2003). The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers (15th ed.). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10403-4. Einsohn, Amy (2006). The Copyeditor's Handbook: A Guide for Book Publishing and Corporate Communications (2nd ed.). Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. 574 pages. ISBN 978-0-520-24688-1. Shushan, Ronnie; Wright, Don (1989). Desktop Publishing by Design. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-1-55615-134-7.
Jury 2009. p. 57; Williams 2003. p. 13; Fogarty 2008. p. 85. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.
Felici 2003. p. 80; Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Jury 2009. p. 56; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004. p. 3; Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.
Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. This refers to professionally published works, as it is possible for individual authors to publish works through desktop publishing systems. Williams states, "I guarantee this: never in your life have you read professionally set text printed since 1942 that used two spaces after each period." See also, Felici 2003, p. 81; Strizver 2010; Weiderkehr 2009; Williams 1995. p. 4. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Weiderkehr, Sarah (30 July 2009). "On Two Spaces Following a Period". American Psychological Association29 January 2010. Williams, Robin (1995). The PC is Not a Typewriter (1st ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96. ISBN 978-0-938151-49-4.
Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.; Kristi Leonard; et al. (1 February 2003). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". IVLA. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
DeVinne 1901. p. 142. De Vinne, Theodore Low (1901). The Practice of Typography: Correct Composition: A Treatise on Spelling Abbreviations, the Compounding and Division of Words, the Proper Use of Figures and Numerals, Italic and Capital Letters, Notes, Etc., With Observations on Punctuation and Proof-Reading (Second ed.). New York: Century Company.
MacKellar 1885; Harpel 1870. p. 19; DeVinne 1901. p. 78. MacKellar, Thomas (1885). The American Printer: A Manual of Typography, Containing Practical Directions for Managing all Departments of a Printing Office, As Well as Complete Instructions for Apprentices: With Several Useful Tables, Numerous Schemes for Imposing Forms in Every Variety, Hints to Authors, Etc (Fifteenth – Revised and Enlarged ed.). Philadelphia: MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan. 390 pages. Harpel, Oscar (1870). Harpel's Typograph, or Book of Specimens Containing Useful Information, Suggestions and a Collection of Examples of Letterpress Job Printing Arranged for the Assistance of Master Printers, Amateurs, Apprentices, and Others. Cincinnati Press. De Vinne, Theodore Low (1901). The Practice of Typography: Correct Composition: A Treatise on Spelling Abbreviations, the Compounding and Division of Words, the Proper Use of Figures and Numerals, Italic and Capital Letters, Notes, Etc., With Observations on Punctuation and Proof-Reading (Second ed.). New York: Century Company.
Chicago University Press 1911. p. 101. Variable-spaced text (professionally typeset) is unlikely to result in a sentence space exactly twice the size of a word space (which can be seen with a typewriter or monospaced font). Variables such as whether a 1/3 or 1/2-word space is used, and whether the text is justified or unjustified, will vary the difference between a sentence space and word space. University of Chicago Press (1911). Manual of Style: A Compilation of Typographical Rules Governing the Publications of the University of Chicago, with Specimens of Types Used at the University Press (Third ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-145-26446-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Adams, et al. 1996. p. 24. Adams, Faux, and Rieber say, "For most composition, the em quad is used to indent the first line of a paragraph, the en quad is used to separate sentences, and the 3-em space is placed between words." An en is half an em and a 3-em space is a third of an em, so the space between sentences would be 1.5 times the space between words. Adams, J. Michael; Faux, David D.; Rieber, Lloyd J. (1996). Printing Technology (4th ed.). Delmar Publishers. ISBN 978-0827369078.
Wershler-Henry 2005. pp. 254–255. Wershler-Henry, Darren (2005). The Iron Whim: A Fragmented History of Typewriting. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4586-6.
Lupton 2004. p. 165. HTML normally ignores all additional horizontal spacing between text. Lupton, Ellen (2004). Thinking with Type. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. 176. ISBN 978-1-56898-448-3.
American Medical Association 2007. p. 917. American Medical Association (2007). AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. 1032. ISBN 978-0-19-517633-9.
Craig 2006. p. 90; Spiekermann and Ginger 1993, p. 123. Craig, James; Scala, Irene Korol (2006). Designing With Type: The Essential Guide to Typography (5th ed.). New York: Watson-Guptill. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-8230-1413-2. Spiekermann, Erik; Ginger, E.M. (1993). Stop Stealing Sheep & Find Out How Type Works. Mountain View, CA: Adobe Press. ISBN 978-0-672-48543-5.
De Vinne 1901; University of Chicago Press 1911; Hart 1893. De Vinne, Theodore Low (1901). The Practice of Typography: Correct Composition: A Treatise on Spelling Abbreviations, the Compounding and Division of Words, the Proper Use of Figures and Numerals, Italic and Capital Letters, Notes, Etc., With Observations on Punctuation and Proof-Reading (Second ed.). New York: Century Company. University of Chicago Press (1911). Manual of Style: A Compilation of Typographical Rules Governing the Publications of the University of Chicago, with Specimens of Types Used at the University Press (Third ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-145-26446-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Hart, Horace (1893). Hart's Rules for Compositors and Readers: Which are to be Observed in All Cases Where No Special Instructions are Given (First ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. Archived from the original on 3 May 2003. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
Garner, Newman and Jackson 2006; "So I ask you [authors]: space twice after every period", Nina K. Hoffman, "Typesetters Blues", in Rusch and Smith 1990, p. 113. Garner, Bryan A.; Newman, Jeff; Jackson, Tiger (2006). The Redbook: A Manual on Legal Style (2nd ed.). Thompson West. 1008. ISBN 978-0-314-16891-7. Rusch, Kristine Kathryn; Smith, Dean Wesley (1990). Science Fiction Writers of America Handbook (1990 ed.). Writers Notebook Press.
For example, the 15th Edition of the Chicago Manual of Style states that "A single character space, not two spaces, should be left after periods at the ends of sentences (both in manuscript and in final, published form) and after colons. University of Chicago Press 2003 Chicago Manual of Style. p. 61. University of Chicago Press (2003). The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers (15th ed.). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10403-4.
University of Chicago Press 1969 Manual of Style (commonly referred to as the Chicago Manual of Style, and titled thus in recent editions (first edition published in 1906)). The 1969 edition of the Manual of Style shows em spacing after sentences in the manuscript example (page 41), but single spacing in the typset example (p. 73). University of Chicago Press (1969). The Chicago Manual of Style: For Authors, Editors, and Copywriters (12th Revised ed.). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-77008-6. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 6-40582
American Sociological Association. American Sociological Association (1997). American Sociological Association Style Guide (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association. ISBN 978-0-912764-29-0.
Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Leonard, et al. 2009. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Leonard, Kristi; et al. (10 October 2009). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". AECT1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011.
Fogarty 2008. p. 85. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.
Sabin 2005. pp. 5–6. Sabin, William (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual (10th Spiral-bound ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. 688 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-293653-7.
Lupton 2004. p. 165. Lupton, Ellen (2004). Thinking with Type. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. 176. ISBN 978-1-56898-448-3.
Strunk and White 1999. (1st edition published in 1918.); Council of Science Editors 2006. (1st edition published in 1960.); American Medical Association 2007. (1st edition published in 1962.) Strunk, William; White, E.B. (2008). The Elements of Style (50th Anniversary ed.). Longman. 128. ISBN 978-0-205-63264-0. Style Manual Committee (2006). Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers (7 ed.). Reston, VA: Council of Science Editors. 658 pages. ISBN 978-0-9779665-0-9. American Medical Association (2007). AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors (10th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. 1032. ISBN 978-0-19-517633-9.
Dundurn Press 1997. p. 113. (1st edition published in 1987.); Public Works and Government Services of Canada 2010. p. 293. "17.07 French Typographical Rules—Punctuation: Adopt the following rules for spacing with punctuation marks. [table] Mark: Period, before: none, after: 1 space." Dundurn Press in Co-operation with Public Works and the Government Services Canada Translation Bureau (1997). The Canadian Style: A Guide to Writing and Editing. Toronto and Oxford: J. Kirk Howard. 312 pages. ISBN 978-1-55002-276-6. "The Canadian Style Online". Public Works and Government Services of Canada, The Translation Bureau, The Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank TERMIUM-Plus. 2010. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
University of Chicago Press 2003 Chicago Manual of Style. p. 61. "2.12 A single character space, not two spaces, should be left after periods at the ends of sentences (both in manuscript and in final, published form)." p. 243. "6.11 In typeset matter, one space, not two (in other words, a regular word space), follows any mark of punctuation that ends a sentence, whether a period, a colon, a question mark, an exclamation point, or closing quotation marks." p. 243. "6.13 A period marks the end of a declarative or an imperative sentence. It is followed by a single space." University of Chicago Press (2003). The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers (15th ed.). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10403-4.
Baugh 2005. p. 200; Cutts 2009. p. 79; Garner 2009. p. 935; Lester 2005; Loberger 2009. p. 158; Stevenson 2005. p. 123; Straus 2009. p. 52; Strumpf. p. 408; Taggart 2009. Baugh, L. Sue (2005). Essentials of English Grammar: The Quick Guide to Good English (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-145708-8. Cutts, Martin (2009). Oxford Guide to Plain English (Third ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-955850-6. Garner, Bryan A. (2009). Garner's Modern American Usage (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-538275-4. Lester, Mark; Beason, Larry (2005). The McGraw Hill Handbook of English Grammar and Usage. New York: McGraw Hill. 304 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-144133-9. Loberger, Gordon; Shoup, Kate (2009). Webster's New World English Grammar Handbook (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing. 408 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-41080-6. Stevenson, Jay (2005). The Pocket Idiot's Guide to Grammar and Punctuation: A Handy Reference to Resolve All Your Grammatical Problems. Alpha Books. 208 pages. ISBN 978-1-59257-393-6. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3. Strumpf, Michael; Douglas, Auriel (2004). The Grammar Bible. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 512. ISBN 978-0-8050-7560-1. Taggart, Caroline (2009). My Grammar and I: Or Should that be "Me"?. London: JA Wines. ISBN 978-1-60652-026-0.
Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Loberger 2009. p. 158. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Loberger, Gordon; Shoup, Kate (2009). Webster's New World English Grammar Handbook (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing. 408 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-41080-6.
Strumpf 2004. p. 408. Strumpf, Michael; Douglas, Auriel (2004). The Grammar Bible. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 512. ISBN 978-0-8050-7560-1.
Felici 2003. 80; Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Fogarty 2009. p. 78; Fondiller and Nerone 2007. 93; Garner, Newman and Jackson 2006. 83; Modern Language Association 2009 77; Straus 2009. p. 52. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Fogarty, Mignon (2009). The Grammar Devotional: Daily Tips for Successful Writing from Grammar Girl. New York: Holt Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-8050-9165-6. Garner, Bryan A.; Newman, Jeff; Jackson, Tiger (2006). The Redbook: A Manual on Legal Style (2nd ed.). Thompson West. 1008. ISBN 978-0-314-16891-7. Modern Language Association (15 January 2009). "How many spaces should I leave after a period or other concluding mark of punctuation?". Modern Language Association31 January 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3.
Williams 95, p. 1; Sabin 2005. pp. 5–6. Williams, Robin (July–August 1995). "Thirteen Telltale Signs" (PDF). Adobe Magazine. Adobe. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2010. Sabin, William (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual (10th Spiral-bound ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. 688 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-293653-7.
Loberger 2009, p. 158; Stevenson 2005, p. 123; Sambuchino 2009, p. 10. Loberger, Gordon; Shoup, Kate (2009). Webster's New World English Grammar Handbook (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing. 408 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-41080-6. Stevenson, Jay (2005). The Pocket Idiot's Guide to Grammar and Punctuation: A Handy Reference to Resolve All Your Grammatical Problems. Alpha Books. 208 pages. ISBN 978-1-59257-393-6. Sambuchino, Chuck; The Editors of Writer's Digest Books (2009). Formatting and Submitting your Manuscript (3rd ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. 324. ISBN 978-1-58297-571-9.
Bringhurst 2004, p. 28; Felici 2003, p. 80; Fogarty 2008, p. 85; Jury 2009, p. 56; Shushan and Wright 1989, p. 34; Smith 2009; Straus 2009, p. 52; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004, p. 3; Williams 2003, p. 13. Bringhurst, Robert (2004). The Elements of Typographic Style (3.0 ed.). Washington and Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. 352 pages. ISBN 978-0-88179-206-5. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Shushan, Ronnie; Wright, Don (1989). Desktop Publishing by Design. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-1-55615-134-7. Smith, Laurie (8 July 2009). "Don't Date Yourself by Using Two Spaces after a Period in Your Resume!". Executive Resumes and Career Transition Strategies: Reflections of an Executive Resume Writer. Creative Keystrokes Executive Resume Service30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.
Sabin 2005, p. 5. Sabin, William (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual (10th Spiral-bound ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. 688 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-293653-7.
Garner, Newman, and Jackson 2006. "Continue the custom [of double spacing] only if you use a typewriter or the Courier font." Garner, Bryan A.; Newman, Jeff; Jackson, Tiger (2006). The Redbook: A Manual on Legal Style (2nd ed.). Thompson West. 1008. ISBN 978-0-314-16891-7.
Modern Humanities Research Association 2002, p. 6; Sabin 2005, p. 5; Felici 2003, p. 81; Fogarty also stated in Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing that numerous page designers have contacted her, stating that the presence of two spaces between sentences requires them to edit the pages to remove the extra spaces Fogarty 2008, p. 85. Modern Humanities Research Association (2002). MHRA Style Guide: A Handbook for Authors, Editors, and Writers of Theses. Leeds, UK: Maney Publishing. 92 pages. ISBN 978-0-947623-62-3. Sabin, William (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual (10th Spiral-bound ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. 688 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-293653-7. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.
Jury 2004. 92; Williams 1995. Jury, David (2004). About Face: Reviving the Rules of Typography. Switzerland: Rotovision SA. 159 pages. ISBN 978-2-88046-798-2. Williams, Robin (1995). The PC is Not a Typewriter (1st ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96. ISBN 978-0-938151-49-4.
Wheildon 1995. p. 13. Wheildon, Colin (1995). Type and Layout: How Typography and Design Can Get your Message Across – Or Get in the Way. Berkeley: Strathmoor Press. 248 pages. ISBN 978-0-9624891-5-0.
Tinker 1963. pp. 88, 108, 127, 128, 153; Wheildon 1995. pp. 8, 35. Tinker, Miles A. (1963). Legibility of Print. Iowa: Iowa State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8138-2450-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Wheildon, Colin (1995). Type and Layout: How Typography and Design Can Get your Message Across – Or Get in the Way. Berkeley: Strathmoor Press. 248 pages. ISBN 978-0-9624891-5-0.

archive.today

De Vinne 1901; University of Chicago Press 1911; Hart 1893. De Vinne, Theodore Low (1901). The Practice of Typography: Correct Composition: A Treatise on Spelling Abbreviations, the Compounding and Division of Words, the Proper Use of Figures and Numerals, Italic and Capital Letters, Notes, Etc., With Observations on Punctuation and Proof-Reading (Second ed.). New York: Century Company. University of Chicago Press (1911). Manual of Style: A Compilation of Typographical Rules Governing the Publications of the University of Chicago, with Specimens of Types Used at the University Press (Third ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago. ISBN 978-1-145-26446-5. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Hart, Horace (1893). Hart's Rules for Compositors and Readers: Which are to be Observed in All Cases Where No Special Instructions are Given (First ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. Archived from the original on 3 May 2003. Retrieved 24 May 2010.

books.google.com

In the 1990s, some print and Web sources began referring to double sentence spacing as "French spacing", leading to some ambiguity with the term. See for example, Eckersley et al. 1994. p. 46, and Haley 2006. Eckersley, Richard; Ellertson, Charles M.; Angstaldt, Richard; Hendel, Richard (1994). Glossary of Typesetting Terms. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-18371-8. Haley, Allan (June–July 2006). "Typographic Details". Dynamic Graphics. WebMediaBrands Inc. Archived from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
Osgood 1919. Osgood, Harry W. (1919). "A Method for Teaching Straight Matter Composition". Industrial-arts Magazine. 8 (2): 47–48. Retrieved 14 March 2013.

creativepro.com

Felici 2009. Felici, James (24 August 2009). "To Double-Space or Not to Double-Space". CreativePro.com. Printingforless.com and CreativePro.com31 March 2010.
Felici 2009. Felici illustrates that there are other examples of standard single word spaces used for sentence spacing in this period. Felici, James (24 August 2009). "To Double-Space or Not to Double-Space". CreativePro.com. Printingforless.com and CreativePro.com31 March 2010.
Felici 2009; University of Chicago Press 2009; Williams 2003. p. 14. Felici, James (24 August 2009). "To Double-Space or Not to Double-Space". CreativePro.com. Printingforless.com and CreativePro.com31 March 2010. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.

csloh.com

Loh et al., 2002. p. 4. Loh, Christian Sebastian; Branch, Robert Maribe; Shewanown, Saun; Ali, Radwan (2002). "The Effect of Text Spacing After the Period on Time for On-Screen Reading Tasks". IVLA Book of Selected Readings: Selected Readings of the IVLA Annual Conference (PDF). IVLA.
Loh et al., 2002. p. 4. Loh, Christian Sebastian; Branch, Robert Maribe; Shewanown, Saun; Ali, Radwan (2002). "The Effect of Text Spacing After the Period on Time for On-Screen Reading Tasks". IVLA Book of Selected Readings: Selected Readings of the IVLA Annual Conference (PDF). IVLA.

duden.de

Bibliographisches Institut AG 2010. Bibliographisches Institut AG (2010). "Über Duden" (in German). Retrieved 19 January 2010.
Bibliographisches Institut AG 2010. The Duden was the primary orthography and language guide in Germany until the German orthography reform of 1996 created a multinational council for German orthography for German-speaking countries—composed of experts from Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. The current version of the Duden reflects the most recent opinions of this council. Bibliographisches Institut AG (2010). "Duden – Deutsche Sprache" (in German). Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2010.

dynamicgraphics.com

In the 1990s, some print and Web sources began referring to double sentence spacing as "French spacing", leading to some ambiguity with the term. See for example, Eckersley et al. 1994. p. 46, and Haley 2006. Eckersley, Richard; Ellertson, Charles M.; Angstaldt, Richard; Hendel, Richard (1994). Glossary of Typesetting Terms. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-18371-8. Haley, Allan (June–July 2006). "Typographic Details". Dynamic Graphics. WebMediaBrands Inc. Archived from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 18 July 2010.

europa.eu

publications.europa.eu

Publications Office of the European Union 2008. (1st edition published in 1997.) This manual is "obligatory" for all those in the EU who are involved in preparing EU documents and works ("Welcome to the style guide!"). It is intended to encompass 23 languages within the European Union ("Foreword").

ec.europa.eu

European Commission Directorate-General for Translation. p. 22. (1st edition published in 1982.) "Note in particular that ... stops (. ? ! : ;) are always followed by only a single (not a double) space." European Commission Directorate-General for Translation (April 2010). "English Style Guide: A Handbook for Authors and Translators in the European Commission" (PDF). European Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2010. Retrieved 12 May 2010.

executive-resumes.com

Bringhurst 2004, p. 28; Felici 2003, p. 80; Fogarty 2008, p. 85; Jury 2009, p. 56; Shushan and Wright 1989, p. 34; Smith 2009; Straus 2009, p. 52; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004, p. 3; Williams 2003, p. 13. Bringhurst, Robert (2004). The Elements of Typographic Style (3.0 ed.). Washington and Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. 352 pages. ISBN 978-0-88179-206-5. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Shushan, Ronnie; Wright, Don (1989). Desktop Publishing by Design. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-1-55615-134-7. Smith, Laurie (8 July 2009). "Don't Date Yourself by Using Two Spaces after a Period in Your Resume!". Executive Resumes and Career Transition Strategies: Reflections of an Executive Resume Writer. Creative Keystrokes Executive Resume Service30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.
Williams 2003. 13; Smith 2009. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Smith, Laurie (8 July 2009). "Don't Date Yourself by Using Two Spaces after a Period in Your Resume!". Executive Resumes and Career Transition Strategies: Reflections of an Executive Resume Writer. Creative Keystrokes Executive Resume Service30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011.

forbes.com

Johnson et al 2018, "Are two spaces better than one? The effect of spacing following periods and commas during reading" (criticism: Haelle, Tara. "One Or Two Spaces After A Period? That New Study Can't Tell You". Forbes. Retrieved 23 August 2018.)

gnu.org

Stallman, Richard (1987). The GNU Emacs Manual. Free Software Foundation. Bibcode:1987gem..book.....S. Retrieved 25 November 2011.

gwern.net

Ni et al. 2009. pp. 383, 387, 390. This study "explored the effects of spacing after the period on on-screen reading tasks through two dependent variables, reading time and reading comprehension". Ni, Xiaopeng; Branch, Robert Maribe; Chen, Kuan-Chung; Clinton, Gregory (2009). Sleeman, Phillip J (ed.). "The Effects of Text Spacing on Screen Reading Time and Comprehension" (PDF). International Journal of Instructional Media. 36 (4).

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Stallman, Richard (1987). The GNU Emacs Manual. Free Software Foundation. Bibcode:1987gem..book.....S. Retrieved 25 November 2011.

itcfonts.com

Felici 2003. p. 80; Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Jury 2009. p. 56; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004. p. 3; Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.
Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. This refers to professionally published works, as it is possible for individual authors to publish works through desktop publishing systems. Williams states, "I guarantee this: never in your life have you read professionally set text printed since 1942 that used two spaces after each period." See also, Felici 2003, p. 81; Strizver 2010; Weiderkehr 2009; Williams 1995. p. 4. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Weiderkehr, Sarah (30 July 2009). "On Two Spaces Following a Period". American Psychological Association29 January 2010. Williams, Robin (1995). The PC is Not a Typewriter (1st ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96. ISBN 978-0-938151-49-4.
Strizver 2010. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
Bringhurst 2004, p. 28; Felici 2003, p. 80; Fogarty 2008, p. 85; Jury 2009, p. 56; Shushan and Wright 1989, p. 34; Smith 2009; Straus 2009, p. 52; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004, p. 3; Williams 2003, p. 13. Bringhurst, Robert (2004). The Elements of Typographic Style (3.0 ed.). Washington and Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. 352 pages. ISBN 978-0-88179-206-5. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Shushan, Ronnie; Wright, Don (1989). Desktop Publishing by Design. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-1-55615-134-7. Smith, Laurie (8 July 2009). "Don't Date Yourself by Using Two Spaces after a Period in Your Resume!". Executive Resumes and Career Transition Strategies: Reflections of an Executive Resume Writer. Creative Keystrokes Executive Resume Service30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.

mestierediscrivere.com

Lesina 2009. (1st edition published in 1986.) "Prefazione: Il manuale intende fornire una serie di indicazioni utili per la stesura di testi di carattere non inventive, quali per esempio manuali, saggi, monografie, relazioni professionali, tesi di laurea, articoli per riviste, ecc." (Translation: "[S]tyle manual for academic papers, monographs, professional correspondence, theses, articles, etc.".) Carrada 2010. "L'unico vero manuale di stile italiano, di cui nessun redattore può fare a meno". (Translation: "The only real Italian style guide, a must-have for any writer".) The 2009 edition is itself uses single sentence spacing. Lesina, Roberto (2009). Il Nuovo Manuale di Stile: Guida alla Redazione di Documenti, Relazioni, Articoli, Manuali, Tesi di Laurea (PDF) (in Italian) (2.0 ed.). Zanichelli. Retrieved 15 May 2010. Carrada, Luisa (2010). "Il mio scaffale: i libri più utili per lo scrittore professionale". Il Mestiere di Scrivere (in Italian). Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2010.

microsoft.com

Microsoft 2010. p. 4.1.8. "Assicurarsi ad esempio che tra la fine e l'inizio di due periodi separati da un punto venga usato un unico spazio prima della frase successiva, invece dei due spazi del testo americano ... A differenza di altre lingue, non va inserito nessuno spazio prima dei segni di punteggiatura." (Translation: "Make sure that between two sentences separated by a period a single space is used before the second sentence, instead of the double spacing used in the United States ... Contrary to other languages, no space is to be added before punctuation marks.") Microsoft (2010). "Italian Style Guide: Microsoft Language Excellence". Microsoft Language Portal – Style Guide Download (in Italian) (1.0 ed.). Microsoft. Retrieved 15 August 2021.

mla.org

Felici 2003. 80; Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Fogarty 2009. p. 78; Fondiller and Nerone 2007. 93; Garner, Newman and Jackson 2006. 83; Modern Language Association 2009 77; Straus 2009. p. 52. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Fogarty, Mignon (2009). The Grammar Devotional: Daily Tips for Successful Writing from Grammar Girl. New York: Holt Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-8050-9165-6. Garner, Bryan A.; Newman, Jeff; Jackson, Tiger (2006). The Redbook: A Manual on Legal Style (2nd ed.). Thompson West. 1008. ISBN 978-0-314-16891-7. Modern Language Association (15 January 2009). "How many spaces should I leave after a period or other concluding mark of punctuation?". Modern Language Association31 January 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3.
University of Chicago Press 2010, p. 60; Lutz 2005, p. 200; Modern Language Association 2009, pp. 77–78. University of Chicago Press (2010). The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers (16th ed.). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-10420-1. Lutz, Gary; Stevenson, Diane (2005). The Writing Digest Grammar Desk Reference. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 978-1-58297-335-7. Modern Language Association (15 January 2009). "How many spaces should I leave after a period or other concluding mark of punctuation?". Modern Language Association31 January 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2006.

neue-rechtschreibung.de

Council for German Orthography 2010. Council for German Orthography. "Deutsche Rechtschreibung" [German Orthography] (PDF) (in German). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 19 January 2010.

rae.es

buscon.rae.es

Real Academia Española 2001. p. 2. Real Academia Española (2001). "Diccionario de la Lengua Española de la Real Academia Española". Real Academia Española. Retrieved 20 April 2010.

rotovision.com

Jury 2009. p. 58. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
Jury 2009. p. 57; Williams 2003. p. 13; Fogarty 2008. p. 85. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.
Felici 2003. p. 80; Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Jury 2009. p. 56; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004. p. 3; Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.
Jury 2009. p. 58. This primarily refers to the United States and Great Britain. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
Jury 2009. p. 57. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
Bringhurst 2004, p. 28; Felici 2003, p. 80; Fogarty 2008, p. 85; Jury 2009, p. 56; Shushan and Wright 1989, p. 34; Smith 2009; Straus 2009, p. 52; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004, p. 3; Williams 2003, p. 13. Bringhurst, Robert (2004). The Elements of Typographic Style (3.0 ed.). Washington and Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. 352 pages. ISBN 978-0-88179-206-5. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Shushan, Ronnie; Wright, Don (1989). Desktop Publishing by Design. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-1-55615-134-7. Smith, Laurie (8 July 2009). "Don't Date Yourself by Using Two Spaces after a Period in Your Resume!". Executive Resumes and Career Transition Strategies: Reflections of an Executive Resume Writer. Creative Keystrokes Executive Resume Service30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Straus, Jane (2009). The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: An Easy-to-Use Guide with Clear Rules, Real-World Examples, and Reproducible Quizzes (10th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. 176 pages. ISBN 978-0-470-22268-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.

sourceforge.net

heirloom.sourceforge.net

Ossana, Joseph. "Nroff/Troff User's Manual" (PDF).

spacewaste.wordpress.com

Lloyd and Hallahan 2009. "During times when many disciplines that recommend the APA's Publication Manual [6th ed., 2009] are advocating evidence-based decisions, it's noteworthy, we think, that these discussions of the rationale for using two spaces at the end of sentences (and after colons) do not appear to be based on scientific examination of the hypothesis that two spaces makes manuscripts more readable." Lloyd, John Wills; Hallahan, Dan (10 November 2009). "Where's the Evidence to Justify Two Spaces?". Spacewaste. Wordpress.com4 April 2010.
Lloyd and Hallahan 2009. Lloyd, John Wills; Hallahan, Dan (10 November 2009). "Where's the Evidence to Justify Two Spaces?". Spacewaste. Wordpress.com4 April 2010.

springer.com

link.springer.com

Johnson et al 2018, "Are two spaces better than one? The effect of spacing following periods and commas during reading" (criticism: Haelle, Tara. "One Or Two Spaces After A Period? That New Study Can't Tell You". Forbes. Retrieved 23 August 2018.)

termiumplus.gc.ca

btb.termiumplus.gc.ca

Dundurn Press 1997. p. 113. (1st edition published in 1987.); Public Works and Government Services of Canada 2010. p. 293. "17.07 French Typographical Rules—Punctuation: Adopt the following rules for spacing with punctuation marks. [table] Mark: Period, before: none, after: 1 space." Dundurn Press in Co-operation with Public Works and the Government Services Canada Translation Bureau (1997). The Canadian Style: A Guide to Writing and Editing. Toronto and Oxford: J. Kirk Howard. 312 pages. ISBN 978-1-55002-276-6. "The Canadian Style Online". Public Works and Government Services of Canada, The Translation Bureau, The Government of Canada's terminology and linguistic data bank TERMIUM-Plus. 2010. Retrieved 26 April 2010.

theverge.com

Warren, Tom (24 April 2020). "Microsoft Word now flags double spaces as errors, ending the great space debate". The Verge. Retrieved 26 April 2020.

tomsarazac.com

How many spaces at the end of a sentence? One or two?

ulaval.ca

tlfq.ulaval.ca

Académie française 1992. French is spoken in 57 countries and territories throughout the world, including Europe, North America, and Francophone Africa. "Qu'est-ce que la Francophonie?" (in French). Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Académie française (1992). Dictionnaire de l'Académie française: Tome 1, A–Enz (in French) (Neuvième ed.). Paris: Artheme Fayard. 830 pages. ISBN 978-2-7433-0407-2.

w3.org

"Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification". 7 June 2011. 16.6. pre-wrap: This value prevents user agents from collapsing sequences of white space.
W3C 1999 W3C (24 December 1999). "9.1 White Space". HTML 4.01 Coding Specification. W3C17 May 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

web.archive.org

In the 1990s, some print and Web sources began referring to double sentence spacing as "French spacing", leading to some ambiguity with the term. See for example, Eckersley et al. 1994. p. 46, and Haley 2006. Eckersley, Richard; Ellertson, Charles M.; Angstaldt, Richard; Hendel, Richard (1994). Glossary of Typesetting Terms. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-18371-8. Haley, Allan (June–July 2006). "Typographic Details". Dynamic Graphics. WebMediaBrands Inc. Archived from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
Jury 2009. p. 58. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
Jury 2009. p. 57; Williams 2003. p. 13; Fogarty 2008. p. 85. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.
Felici 2003. p. 80; Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Jury 2009. p. 56; Strizver 2010; Walsh 2004. p. 3; Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Walsh, Bill (2004). The Elephants of Style: A Trunkload of Tips on the Big Issues and Gray Areas of Contemporary American English. New York: McGraw Hill. 238 pages. ISBN 978-0-07-142268-0. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9.
Williams 2003. pp. 13–14. This refers to professionally published works, as it is possible for individual authors to publish works through desktop publishing systems. Williams states, "I guarantee this: never in your life have you read professionally set text printed since 1942 that used two spaces after each period." See also, Felici 2003, p. 81; Strizver 2010; Weiderkehr 2009; Williams 1995. p. 4. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Felici, James (2003). The Complete Manual of Typography. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 384 pages. ISBN 978-0-321-12730-3. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010. Weiderkehr, Sarah (30 July 2009). "On Two Spaces Following a Period". American Psychological Association29 January 2010. Williams, Robin (1995). The PC is Not a Typewriter (1st ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96. ISBN 978-0-938151-49-4.
Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1.; Kristi Leonard; et al. (1 February 2003). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". IVLA. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
Strizver 2010. Strizver, Ilene. "Double Spaces Between Sentences ... Not!". U&lc: Upper and Lowercase Magazine Online: Issue 41.1.1. International Typeface Organization and Monotype Imaging. Archived from the original on 10 March 2010. Retrieved 31 March 2010.
Jury 2009. p. 58. This primarily refers to the United States and Great Britain. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
Jury 2009. p. 57. Jury, David (2009). "What is Typography?" (PDF). Rotovision. pp. 28–87. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
Hart 1983 Oxford University Press (1983). "Hart's Rules for Compositors and Readers at the University Press, Oxford" (Thirty-ninth ed.). Oxford Editorial. Archived from the original on 30 November 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
Fogarty 2008. p. 85; Leonard, et al. 2009. Fogarty, Mignon (2008). Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips for Better Writing. New York: Holt Paperbacks. 240. ISBN 978-0-8050-8831-1. Leonard, Kristi; et al. (10 October 2009). "The Effects of Computer-based Text Spacing on Reading Comprehension and Reading Rate". AECT1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011.
European Commission Directorate-General for Translation. p. 22. (1st edition published in 1982.) "Note in particular that ... stops (. ? ! : ;) are always followed by only a single (not a double) space." European Commission Directorate-General for Translation (April 2010). "English Style Guide: A Handbook for Authors and Translators in the European Commission" (PDF). European Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 December 2010. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
Lesina 2009. (1st edition published in 1986.) "Prefazione: Il manuale intende fornire una serie di indicazioni utili per la stesura di testi di carattere non inventive, quali per esempio manuali, saggi, monografie, relazioni professionali, tesi di laurea, articoli per riviste, ecc." (Translation: "[S]tyle manual for academic papers, monographs, professional correspondence, theses, articles, etc.".) Carrada 2010. "L'unico vero manuale di stile italiano, di cui nessun redattore può fare a meno". (Translation: "The only real Italian style guide, a must-have for any writer".) The 2009 edition is itself uses single sentence spacing. Lesina, Roberto (2009). Il Nuovo Manuale di Stile: Guida alla Redazione di Documenti, Relazioni, Articoli, Manuali, Tesi di Laurea (PDF) (in Italian) (2.0 ed.). Zanichelli. Retrieved 15 May 2010. Carrada, Luisa (2010). "Il mio scaffale: i libri più utili per lo scrittore professionale". Il Mestiere di Scrivere (in Italian). Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2010.
Académie française 1992. French is spoken in 57 countries and territories throughout the world, including Europe, North America, and Francophone Africa. "Qu'est-ce que la Francophonie?" (in French). Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Académie française (1992). Dictionnaire de l'Académie française: Tome 1, A–Enz (in French) (Neuvième ed.). Paris: Artheme Fayard. 830 pages. ISBN 978-2-7433-0407-2.
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Bibliographisches Institut AG 2010. The Duden was the primary orthography and language guide in Germany until the German orthography reform of 1996 created a multinational council for German orthography for German-speaking countries—composed of experts from Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. The current version of the Duden reflects the most recent opinions of this council. Bibliographisches Institut AG (2010). "Duden – Deutsche Sprache" (in German). Archived from the original on 8 January 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2010.
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Williams 2003. 13; Smith 2009. Williams, Robin (2003). The Mac is Not a Typewriter: A Style Manual for Creating Professional-level Type on Your Macintosh (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press. 96 pages. ISBN 978-0-201-78263-9. Smith, Laurie (8 July 2009). "Don't Date Yourself by Using Two Spaces after a Period in Your Resume!". Executive Resumes and Career Transition Strategies: Reflections of an Executive Resume Writer. Creative Keystrokes Executive Resume Service30 March 2010. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011.
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widespacer.blogspot.com

One or two spaces after a period? How about three? Wide Spacer (2014). "One or two spaces after a period? How about three?". Wide Spacer blog. Retrieved 19 March 2014.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Dodd 2006. p. 73; Mergenthaler Linotype 1940. Dodd, Robin (2006). From Gutenberg to Open Type: An Illustrated History of Type from the Earliest Letterforms to the Latest Digital Fonts. Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. 192 pages. ISBN 978-0-88179-210-2. Mergenthaler Linotype Company (1940). Linotype Keyboard Operation: Methods of Study and Procedures for Setting Various Kinds of Composition on the Linotype. Brooklyn, N.Y: Mergenthaler Linotype Company. OCLC 3230264.

writing-world.com

Russin and Downs 2003, p. 17. The authors state that "Courier 12-point is preferred, although New York, Bookman, and Times will do". Allen 2001Moira Anderson Allen suggests that publishers are more interested in readable fonts as opposed to maintaining a fixed-width font standard. Russin, Robin U.; Downs, William M. (2003). Screenplay, Writing the Picture. Silman-James Press. 483 pages. ISBN 978-1-879505-70-4. Allen, Moira (2001). "A Quick Guide to Manuscript Format". Writing-World.com. Retrieved 22 October 2013.

zanichelli.it

staticmy.zanichelli.it

Lesina 2009. (1st edition published in 1986.) "Prefazione: Il manuale intende fornire una serie di indicazioni utili per la stesura di testi di carattere non inventive, quali per esempio manuali, saggi, monografie, relazioni professionali, tesi di laurea, articoli per riviste, ecc." (Translation: "[S]tyle manual for academic papers, monographs, professional correspondence, theses, articles, etc.".) Carrada 2010. "L'unico vero manuale di stile italiano, di cui nessun redattore può fare a meno". (Translation: "The only real Italian style guide, a must-have for any writer".) The 2009 edition is itself uses single sentence spacing. Lesina, Roberto (2009). Il Nuovo Manuale di Stile: Guida alla Redazione di Documenti, Relazioni, Articoli, Manuali, Tesi di Laurea (PDF) (in Italian) (2.0 ed.). Zanichelli. Retrieved 15 May 2010. Carrada, Luisa (2010). "Il mio scaffale: i libri più utili per lo scrittore professionale". Il Mestiere di Scrivere (in Italian). Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 19 May 2010.