Solar irradiance (English Wikipedia)

Hansen, James; Sato, Makiko; Kharecha, Pushker; von Schuckmann, Karina (January 2012). "Earth's Energy Imbalance". Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012.
Allison, Michael; Schmunk, Robert (5 August 2008). "Technical Notes on Mars Solar Time". NASA. Retrieved 16 January 2012.

education.gsfc.nasa.gov

Stickler, Greg. "Educational Brief - Solar Radiation and the Earth System". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2016.

aom.giss.nasa.gov

"Determination of the Earth's Orbital Parameters". NASA. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012.

newport.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Introduction to Solar Radiation". Newport Corporation. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lockwood, Mike; Ball, William T. (2020). "Placing limits on long-term variations in quiet-Sun irradiance and their contribution to total solar irradiance and solar radiative forcing of climate". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 476 (2238) 20200077. Bibcode:2020RSPSA.47600077L. doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0077. ISSN 1364-5021. PMC 7428030. PMID 32831591.
Lean, J. (14 April 1989). "Contribution of Ultraviolet Irradiance Variations to Changes in the Sun's Total Irradiance". Science. 244 (4901): 197–200. Bibcode:1989Sci...244..197L. doi:10.1126/science.244.4901.197. PMID 17835351. S2CID 41756073. 1 percent of the sun's energy is emitted at ultraviolet wavelengths between 200 and 300 nanometers, the decrease in this radiation from 1 July 1981 to 30 June 1985 accounted for 19 percent of the decrease in the total irradiance (19% of the 1/1366 total decrease is 1.4% decrease in UV)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Lockwood, Mike; Ball, William T. (2020). "Placing limits on long-term variations in quiet-Sun irradiance and their contribution to total solar irradiance and solar radiative forcing of climate". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 476 (2238) 20200077. Bibcode:2020RSPSA.47600077L. doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0077. ISSN 1364-5021. PMC 7428030. PMID 32831591.

nist.gov (Global: 355^th place; English: 454^th place)

Thompson, Ambler; Taylor, Barry N. (17 February 2022). "NIST Guide to the SI, Appendix B.8: Factors for Units Listed Alphabetically". SP 811 - The NIST Guide for the use of International System of Units (Report). National Institute of Standards and Technology.

nrel.gov (Global: 8,418^th place; English: 5,714^th place)

"Solar Resource Glossary". National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Retrieved 10 February 2025.
Gueymard, Chris A. (2015). "Uncertainties in Transposition and Decomposition Models: Lesson Learned" (PDF). Retrieved 17 July 2020.^{[dead link]}

openei.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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osti.gov (Global: 2,036^th place; English: 1,254^th place)

Sengupta, Manajit; Habte, Aron; Gueymard, Christian; Wilbert, Stefan; Renné, Dave; Stoffel, Thomas (1 December 2017). "Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications: Second Edition". National Renewable Energy Laboratory: NREL/TP–5D00–68886, 1411856. doi:10.2172/1411856. OSTI 1411856.

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sciencedirect.com (Global: 149^th place; English: 178^th place)

Chatzistergos, Theodosios; Krivova, N. A.; Yeo, K. L. (2023). "Long-term changes in solar activity and irradiance". Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 252 106150. arXiv:2303.03046. Bibcode:2023JASTP.25206150C. doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106150.
Nonnenmacher, Lukas; Kaur, Amanpreet; Coimbra, Carlos F.M. (1 January 2014). "Verification of the SUNY direct normal irradiance model with ground measurements". Solar Energy. 99: 246–258. Bibcode:2014SoEn...99..246N. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2013.11.010. ISSN 0038-092X.
Han, Di; Fei, Jipeng; Li, Hong; Ng, Bing Feng (August 2022). "The criteria to achieving sub-ambient radiative cooling and its limits in tropical daytime". Building and Environment. 221 (1) 109281. Bibcode:2022BuEnv.22109281H. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109281. hdl:10356/163060 – via Elsevier Science Direct.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Willson, Richard C.; Hudson, H. S. (1991). "The Sun's luminosity over a complete solar cycle". Nature. 351 (6321): 42–4. Bibcode:1991Natur.351...42W. doi:10.1038/351042a0. S2CID 4273483.
Wang, Y. M.; Lean, J. L.; Sheeley, N. R. (2005). "Modeling the Sun's magnetic field and irradiance since 1713" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 625 (1): 522–38. Bibcode:2005ApJ...625..522W. doi:10.1086/429689. S2CID 20573668. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2012.
Lean, J. (14 April 1989). "Contribution of Ultraviolet Irradiance Variations to Changes in the Sun's Total Irradiance". Science. 244 (4901): 197–200. Bibcode:1989Sci...244..197L. doi:10.1126/science.244.4901.197. PMID 17835351. S2CID 41756073. 1 percent of the sun's energy is emitted at ultraviolet wavelengths between 200 and 300 nanometers, the decrease in this radiation from 1 July 1981 to 30 June 1985 accounted for 19 percent of the decrease in the total irradiance (19% of the 1/1366 total decrease is 1.4% decrease in UV)
Fligge, M.; Solanki, S. K. (2000). "The solar spectral irradiance since 1700". Geophysical Research Letters. 27 (14): 2157–2160. Bibcode:2000GeoRL..27.2157F. doi:10.1029/2000GL000067. S2CID 54744463.
Amdur, T.; Huybers, P. (16 August 2023). "A Bayesian Model for Inferring Total Solar Irradiance From Proxies and Direct Observations: Application to the ACRIM Gap". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 128 (15) e2023JD038941. Bibcode:2023JGRD..12838941A. doi:10.1029/2023JD038941. ISSN 2169-897X. S2CID 260264050.
Munday, Jeremy (2019). "Tackling Climate Change through Radiative Cooling". Joule. 3 (9): 2057–2060. Bibcode:2019Joule...3.2057M. doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.07.010. S2CID 201590290.
Chen, Meijie; Pang, Dan; Chen, Xingyu; Yan, Hongjie; Yang, Yuan (2022). "Passive daytime radiative cooling: Fundamentals, material designs, and applications". EcoMat. 4 e12153. doi:10.1002/eom2.12153. S2CID 240331557.

solar4power.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Determining your solar power requirements and planning the number of components".

solarpaneltilt.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Converted to yearly basis from Landau, Charles R. (2017). "Optimum Tilt of Solar Panels".

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Stickler, Greg. "Educational Brief - Solar Radiation and the Earth System". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
"Part 3: Calculating Solar Angles - ITACA". www.itacanet.org. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
"Determination of the Earth's Orbital Parameters". NASA. Archived from the original on 5 November 2012.
Wang, Y. M.; Lean, J. L.; Sheeley, N. R. (2005). "Modeling the Sun's magnetic field and irradiance since 1713" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 625 (1): 522–38. Bibcode:2005ApJ...625..522W. doi:10.1086/429689. S2CID 20573668. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 December 2012.
Hansen, James; Sato, Makiko; Kharecha, Pushker; von Schuckmann, Karina (January 2012). "Earth's Energy Imbalance". Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012.
"Introduction to Solar Radiation". Newport Corporation. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013.
[1] Archived 14 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine
"How Do Solar Panels Work?". glrea.org. Archived from the original on 15 October 2004. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
Nall, D. H. "Looking across the water: Climate-adaptive buildings in the United States & Europe" (PDF). The Construction Specifier. 57 (2004–11): 50–56. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2009.

wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Yeo, K. L.; Solanki, S. K.; Krivova, N. A.; Rempel, M.; Anusha, L. S.; Shapiro, A. I.; Tagirov, R. V.; Witzke, V. (16 October 2020). "The Dimmest State of the Sun". Geophysical Research Letters. 47 (19) e2020GL090243. arXiv:2102.09487. Bibcode:2020GeoRL..4790243Y. doi:10.1029/2020GL090243. ISSN 0094-8276.
Amdur, T.; Huybers, P. (16 August 2023). "A Bayesian Model for Inferring Total Solar Irradiance From Proxies and Direct Observations: Application to the ACRIM Gap". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 128 (15) e2023JD038941. Bibcode:2023JGRD..12838941A. doi:10.1029/2023JD038941. ISSN 2169-897X. S2CID 260264050.

doi.wiley.com

Duffie, John A.; Beckman, William A. (10 April 2013). Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes: Duffie/Solar Engineering 4e. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. doi:10.1002/9781118671603. ISBN 978-1-118-67160-3.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

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Berger, AndréL (1 December 1978). "Long-Term Variations of Daily Insolation and Quaternary Climatic Changes". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 35 (12): 2362–2367. Bibcode:1978JAtS...35.2362B. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1978)035<2362:LTVODI>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-4928.
Yeo, K. L.; Solanki, S. K.; Krivova, N. A.; Rempel, M.; Anusha, L. S.; Shapiro, A. I.; Tagirov, R. V.; Witzke, V. (16 October 2020). "The Dimmest State of the Sun". Geophysical Research Letters. 47 (19) e2020GL090243. arXiv:2102.09487. Bibcode:2020GeoRL..4790243Y. doi:10.1029/2020GL090243. ISSN 0094-8276.
Lockwood, Mike; Ball, William T. (2020). "Placing limits on long-term variations in quiet-Sun irradiance and their contribution to total solar irradiance and solar radiative forcing of climate". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 476 (2238) 20200077. Bibcode:2020RSPSA.47600077L. doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0077. ISSN 1364-5021. PMC 7428030. PMID 32831591.
Amdur, T.; Huybers, P. (16 August 2023). "A Bayesian Model for Inferring Total Solar Irradiance From Proxies and Direct Observations: Application to the ACRIM Gap". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 128 (15) e2023JD038941. Bibcode:2023JGRD..12838941A. doi:10.1029/2023JD038941. ISSN 2169-897X. S2CID 260264050.
Chatzistergos, Theodosios; Krivova, Natalie A.; Solanki, Sami K.; Leng Yeo, Kok (2025). "Revisiting the SATIRE-S irradiance reconstruction: Heritage of Mt Wilson magnetograms and Ca II K observations". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 696: A204. arXiv:2503.15903. Bibcode:2025A&A...696A.204C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202554044. ISSN 0004-6361.
Stephens, Graeme L.; Li, Juilin; Wild, Martin; Clayson, Carol Anne; Loeb, Norman; Kato, Seiji; L'Ecuyer, Tristan; Jr, Paul W. Stackhouse; Lebsock, Matthew (1 October 2012). "An update on Earth's energy balance in light of the latest global observations". Nature Geoscience. 5 (10): 691–696. Bibcode:2012NatGe...5..691S. doi:10.1038/ngeo1580. ISSN 1752-0894.
Nonnenmacher, Lukas; Kaur, Amanpreet; Coimbra, Carlos F.M. (1 January 2014). "Verification of the SUNY direct normal irradiance model with ground measurements". Solar Energy. 99: 246–258. Bibcode:2014SoEn...99..246N. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2013.11.010. ISSN 0038-092X.

wspgroup.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nall, D. H. "Looking across the water: Climate-adaptive buildings in the United States & Europe" (PDF). The Construction Specifier. 57 (2004–11): 50–56. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2009.

Solar irradiance (English Wikipedia)

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