Spanish orthography (English Wikipedia)

Butt & Benjamin (2011, §39.2.2) Butt, John; Benjamin, Carmen (2011). A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (5th ed.). Oxford: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-444-13769-9.
Foster, David William; Altamiranda, Daniel; de Urioste, Carmen (1999). "Capitalization". The Writer's Reference Guide to Spanish. Austin: University of Texas Press. pp. 75–77. ISBN 978-0-292-72511-9. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
Ortografía de la lengua castellana (in Spanish) (8th ed.). Madrid: Real Academia Española. 1815. Retrieved 2015-05-22.
Diccionario de la lengua castellana (in Spanish) (7th ed.). Madrid: Real Academia Española. 1832.
Diccionario de la lengua castellana (in Spanish) (8th ed.). Madrid: Real Academia Española. 1837.
Ortografía de la lengua castellana (in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Madrid: Real Academia Española. 1763. Retrieved 2015-05-22.
Ortografía de la lengua castellana (in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Madrid: Real Academia Española. 1754. Retrieved 2022-03-24.
"Google Ngram Viewer". Retrieved 2015-05-22.
"Google Ngram Viewer". Retrieved 2015-05-22.
"Google Ngram Viewer". Retrieved 2015-05-22.

cervantes.es

cvc.cervantes.es

Marin, Juan Martinez (1991–1992). "La ortografía española: perspectivas historiográficas" (PDF). CAUCE (in Spanish). 14–15. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla.

cervantesvirtual.com

Orthographía española (1st ed.). Madrid: Real Academia Española. 1741. Retrieved 2015-05-22.

congresosdelalengua.es

"Botella al mar para el dios de las palabras". Congresos Internacionales de la Lengua Española (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 August 2024.

doi.org

Martínez Celdrán, Fernández Planas & Carrera Sabaté (2003:257–258) Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera Sabaté, Josefina (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (2): 255–259, doi:10.1017/S0025100303001373 (inactive 1 November 2024){{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

elpais.com

Marcos, Javier Rodriguez (2010-11-05). "La "i griega" se llamará "ye"". El País. Retrieved 2018-09-10.
Mora, Rosa; García, Ángeles (April 26, 1994). "Las consonantes de la discordia". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved September 10, 2024.

elsemanario.com

"El Zapata de las palabras| El Semanario Sin Límites". 2018-06-01. Retrieved 2020-07-14.

fundeu.es

SOBRE LA TILDE EN SOLO Y EN LOS DEMOSTRATIVOS. BRAE, tomo xcvi, cuaderno cccxiv, julio-diciembre de 2016.

gutenberg.org

The eñe is added in the fourth to last position according to the Quixote gutenberg.org.

hispanoteca.eu

"Ortografía - Nuevas normas 1999". hispanoteca.eu. Retrieved 2023-08-03.

marcofabr.blogspot.com

Padilla, Marco Fabrizio Ramírez (2015-04-25). "Bibliofilia novohispana: Editorial Brambila y el Orto-gráfiko: periódico propagador de la ortografía rasional mejikana". Retrieved 2020-07-14.

mcu.es

bvpb.mcu.es

nytimes.com

"In Spanish, Two Fewer Letters in Alphabet". The New York Times. The Associated Press. 1994-05-01. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-04-26.
"Adiós a la 'h' (Published 2018)". The New York Times (in Spanish). 2018-03-02. Retrieved 2023-08-03.

rae.es

lema.rae.es

"abecedario". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"ch". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"ll". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"r". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"v". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"z". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"tilde". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"números". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"c". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"cardinales". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.
"México". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (in Spanish) (1st ed.). Real Academia Española. 2005.

rae.es

"Un solo nombre para cada letra". Retrieved 20 September 2014.
"No obstante, en el X Congreso de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española, celebrado en 1994, se acordó adoptar para los diccionarios académicos, a petición de varios organismos internacionales, el orden alfabético latino universal, en el que la ch y la ll no se consideran letras independientes. En consecuencia, estas dos letras pasan a alfabetizarse en los lugares que les corresponden dentro de la C (entre -cg- y -ci-) y dentro de la L (entre -lk- y -lm-), respectivamente." Real Academia Española. Explanation Archived September 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine at spanishpronto.com Archived September 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish and English)
[1] Archived December 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
"comillas". Diccionario panhispánico de dudas (DPD). Real Academia Española (RAE). Retrieved 16 January 2023.
Palabras como «guion», «truhan», «fie», «liais», etc., se escriben sin tilde – Real Academia Española
Cambio de la «y» copulativa en «e» – Real Academia Española

dle.rae.es

webfrl.rae.es

Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortografia, 1952.

apps.rae.es

Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortografia, 1959.

researchgate.net

Martínez Celdrán, Fernández Planas & Carrera Sabaté (2003:257–258) Martínez Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera Sabaté, Josefina (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (2): 255–259, doi:10.1017/S0025100303001373 (inactive 1 November 2024){{citation}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

se.edu

Rolando J. Diaz. Mechica: Indigenous Origin of the Chicano Hybrid Identity.

spanishpronto.com

"No obstante, en el X Congreso de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española, celebrado en 1994, se acordó adoptar para los diccionarios académicos, a petición de varios organismos internacionales, el orden alfabético latino universal, en el que la ch y la ll no se consideran letras independientes. En consecuencia, estas dos letras pasan a alfabetizarse en los lugares que les corresponden dentro de la C (entre -cg- y -ci-) y dentro de la L (entre -lk- y -lm-), respectivamente." Real Academia Española. Explanation Archived September 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine at spanishpronto.com Archived September 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish and English)

spellingsociety.org

Urdaneta, I. P. (1982). "The history of Spanish orthography, Andrea Bello's proposal and the Chilean attempt: Implications for a theory on spelling reform". The Simplified Spelling Society. Archived from the original on 2006-09-27.

thoughtco.com

"When To Capitalize Letters in Spanish". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 2018-09-10.

unam.mx

lya.fciencias.unam.mx

"Ortografía de la lengua española. RAE, 1999" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-07-21. Retrieved 2022-03-31.

utoronto.ca

scans.library.utoronto.ca

* Navarro Tomás, Tomás (1918), Manual de pronunciación española (PDF) (21st (1982) ed.), Madrid: CSIC, p. 61, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2018

web.archive.org

"In Spanish, Two Fewer Letters in Alphabet". The New York Times. The Associated Press. 1994-05-01. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-04-26.
"No obstante, en el X Congreso de la Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española, celebrado en 1994, se acordó adoptar para los diccionarios académicos, a petición de varios organismos internacionales, el orden alfabético latino universal, en el que la ch y la ll no se consideran letras independientes. En consecuencia, estas dos letras pasan a alfabetizarse en los lugares que les corresponden dentro de la C (entre -cg- y -ci-) y dentro de la L (entre -lk- y -lm-), respectivamente." Real Academia Española. Explanation Archived September 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine at spanishpronto.com Archived September 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish and English)
[1] Archived December 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
* Navarro Tomás, Tomás (1918), Manual de pronunciación española (PDF) (21st (1982) ed.), Madrid: CSIC, p. 61, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 June 2018
RAE informa.
"Ortografía de la lengua española. RAE, 1999" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-07-21. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
Urdaneta, I. P. (1982). "The history of Spanish orthography, Andrea Bello's proposal and the Chilean attempt: Implications for a theory on spelling reform". The Simplified Spelling Society. Archived from the original on 2006-09-27.

wiktionary.org

en.wiktionary.org

The distinction is usually preserved in dialects with sheísmo or zheísmo (such as Rioplatense Spanish), in which word-initial ⟨y⟩ and ⟨ll⟩ are pronounced [ʃ] or [ʒ], while ⟨hi⟩ and ⟨i⟩ are pronounced [j].
Additionally, some speakers pronounce certain ⟨hi-⟩ words with a hiatus, thus making them distinct from ⟨y-⟩ words; for example, hierba can be pronounced with either a diphthong (/ˈʝeɾ.ba/) or a hiatus (/i.ˈeɾ.ba/). However, this varies by region, and does not apply to all ⟨hi-⟩ words (e.g. hierro is never pronounced with a hiatus).
Modern words in which h is derived from Latin f (e.g. hacer, hablar) were spelled with f, pronounced [f], in Old Spanish (e.g. fazer, fablar), and there was a transitional stage pronounced [h] before the sound was entirely lost; hence the modern spelling with h. But in words derived from Latin words with h (e.g. hoy, prohibir), the letter was always silent in Spanish. And words beginning with either of the diphthongs [je] or [we] (e.g. hielo, huevo) were given an initial h in spelling (always silent) to ensure that their initial glide was not read as a consonant (in Old Spanish, the letters i and j were often interchanged, as were u and v).
In the verb subrayar the trilled initial [r] of the root raya is maintained, even with the prefix sub-. The same goes for ciudadrealeño (from Ciudad Real). However, after vowels, the initial ⟨r⟩ of the root becomes ⟨rr⟩ in prefixed or compound words: prorrogar, infrarrojo, autorretrato, arriesgar.
In words with the combination -xs- (e.g., exsenador), the pronunciation is [ks], and the two [s] sounds are merged into one. The same goes for -xc- before e, i (e.g., excelente) in varieties with seseo.
"Janero". 7 August 2024.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

"In Spanish, Two Fewer Letters in Alphabet". The New York Times. The Associated Press. 1994-05-01. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2015-04-26.