Speed of light (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Speed of light" in English language version.

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Peres, Asher; Terno, Daniel R. (6 January 2004). "Quantum information and relativity theory". Reviews of Modern Physics. 76 (1): 93–123. arXiv:quant-ph/0212023. Bibcode:2004RvMP...76...93P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.76.93. ISSN 0034-6861. S2CID 7481797.

archive.org

Penrose, R (2004). The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe. Vintage Books. pp. 410–411. ISBN 978-0-679-77631-4. ... the most accurate standard for the metre is conveniently defined so that there are exactly 299792458 of them to the distance travelled by light in a standard second, giving a value for the metre that very accurately matches the now inadequately precise standard metre rule in Paris.
Zhang, Y. Z. (1997). Special Relativity and Its Experimental Foundations. Advanced Series on Theoretical Physical Science. Vol. 4. World Scientific. pp. 172–173. ISBN 978-981-02-2749-4. Retrieved 23 July 2009.
d'Inverno, R. (1992). Introducing Einstein's Relativity. Oxford University Press. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-0-19-859686-8.
Hartle, J. B. (2003). Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity. Addison-Wesley. pp. 52–59. ISBN 978-981-02-2749-4.
Hartle, J. B. (2003). Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity. Addison-Wesley. p. 332. ISBN 978-981-02-2749-4.
Taylor, E. F.; Wheeler, J. A. (1992). Spacetime Physics. W. H. Freeman. pp. 74–75. ISBN 978-0-7167-2327-1.
See, for example:
- Sakurai, J. J. (1994). Tuan, S. F. (ed.). Modern Quantum Mechanics (Revised ed.). Addison-Wesley. pp. 231–232. ISBN 978-0-201-53929-5.
- Panofsky, W. K. H.; Phillips, M. (1962). Classical Electricity and Magnetism. Addison-Wesley. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-201-05702-7.
- "Demonstration tovchant le mouvement de la lumiere trouvé par M. Rŏmer de l'Académie Royale des Sciences" [Demonstration to the movement of light found by Mr. Römer of the Royal Academy of Sciences] (PDF). Journal des sçavans (in French): 233–236. 1676.
  Translated in "A demonstration concerning the motion of light, communicated from Paris, in the Journal des Sçavans, and here made English". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 12 (136): 893–895. 1677. Bibcode:1677RSPT...12..893.. doi:10.1098/rstl.1677.0024.
  Reproduced in Hutton, C.; Shaw, G.; Pearson, R., eds. (1809). "On the Motion of Light by M. Romer". The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, from Their Commencement in 1665, in the Year 1800: Abridged. Vol. II. From 1673 to 1682. London: C. & R. Baldwin. pp. 397–398.
  The account published in Journal des sçavans was based on a report that Rømer read to the French Academy of Sciences in November 1676 (Cohen, 1940, p. 346).
- Duffett-Smith, P. (1988). Practical Astronomy with your Calculator. Cambridge University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-521-35699-2. Extract of page 62.
- Huygens, C. (1690). Traitée de la Lumière (in French). Pierre van der Aa. pp. 8–9.
- Darrigol, O. (2000). Electrodynamics from Ampére to Einstein. Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-850594-5.
- Miller, A. I. (1981). Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity. Emergence (1905) and early interpretation (1905–1911). Addison–Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-04679-3.

arxiv.org

Peres, Asher; Terno, Daniel R. (6 January 2004). "Quantum information and relativity theory". Reviews of Modern Physics. 76 (1): 93–123. arXiv:quant-ph/0212023. Bibcode:2004RvMP...76...93P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.76.93. ISSN 0034-6861. S2CID 7481797.
Antonioli, Pietro; Fienberg, Richard Tresch; Fleurot, Fabrice; Fukuda, Yoshiyuki; Fulgione, Walter; Habig, Alec; Heise, Jaret; McDonald, Arthur B.; Mills, Corrinne; Namba, Toshio; Robinson, Leif J. (2 September 2004). "SNEWS: the SuperNova Early Warning System". New Journal of Physics. 6: 114. arXiv:astro-ph/0406214. Bibcode:2004NJPh....6..114A. doi:10.1088/1367-2630/6/1/114. ISSN 1367-2630. S2CID 119431247.
See, for example:
- Abbott, B. P.; et al. (2017). "Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 848 (2): L13. arXiv:1710.05834. Bibcode:2017ApJ...848L..13A. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa920c.
- Ellis, G. F. R.; Uzan, J.-P. (2005). "'c' is the speed of light, isn't it?". American Journal of Physics. 73 (3): 240–227. arXiv:gr-qc/0305099. Bibcode:2005AmJPh..73..240E. doi:10.1119/1.1819929. S2CID 119530637. The possibility that the fundamental constants may vary during the evolution of the universe offers an exceptional window onto higher dimensional theories and is probably linked with the nature of the dark energy that makes the universe accelerate today.
- Mota, D. F. (2006). Variations of the Fine Structure Constant in Space and Time (PhD). arXiv:astro-ph/0401631. Bibcode:2004astro.ph..1631M.
- Uzan, J.-P. (2003). "The fundamental constants and their variation: observational status and theoretical motivations". Reviews of Modern Physics. 75 (2): 403. arXiv:hep-ph/0205340. Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..403U. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.403. S2CID 118684485.
- Amelino-Camelia, G. (2013). "Quantum Gravity Phenomenology". Living Reviews in Relativity. 16 (1): 5. arXiv:0806.0339. Bibcode:2013LRR....16....5A. doi:10.12942/lrr-2013-5. PMC 5255913. PMID 28179844.
- Herrmann, S.; Senger, A.; Möhle, K.; Nagel, M.; Kovalchuk, E. V.; Peters, A. (2009). "Rotating optical cavity experiment testing Lorentz invariance at the 10⁻¹⁷ level". Physical Review D. 80 (100): 105011. arXiv:1002.1284. Bibcode:2009PhRvD..80j5011H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.80.105011. S2CID 118346408.
- Liberati, S.; Sonego, S.; Visser, M. (2002). "Faster-than-c signals, special relativity, and causality". Annals of Physics. 298 (1): 167–185. arXiv:gr-qc/0107091. Bibcode:2002AnPhy.298..167L. doi:10.1006/aphy.2002.6233. S2CID 48166.
- OPERA Collaboration (12 July 2012). "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2012 (10): 93. arXiv:1109.4897. Bibcode:2012JHEP...10..093A. doi:10.1007/JHEP10(2012)093. S2CID 17652398.
- See, for example:
  - Schaefer, B. E. (1999). "Severe limits on variations of the speed of light with frequency". Physical Review Letters. 82 (25): 4964–4966. arXiv:astro-ph/9810479. Bibcode:1999PhRvL..82.4964S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.4964. S2CID 119339066.
  - Adelberger, E.; Dvali, G.; Gruzinov, A. (2007). "Photon Mass Bound Destroyed by Vortices". Physical Review Letters. 98 (1): 010402. arXiv:hep-ph/0306245. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98a0402A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.010402. PMID 17358459. S2CID 31249827.

bbc.co.uk

"BBC Look East at the speed of light". BBC Norfolk website. Retrieved 15 February 2010.

bipm.org

International Bureau of Weights and Measures (2006), The International System of Units (SI) (PDF) (8th ed.), p. 112, ISBN 92-822-2213-6, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 June 2021, retrieved 16 December 2021
"Resolution 1 of the 17th CGPM". BIPM. 1983. Retrieved 23 August 2009.
"Supplement 2014: Updates to the 8th edition (2006) of the SI Brochure" (PDF). The International System of Units. International Bureau of Weights and Measures: 14. 2014.
International Bureau of Weights and Measures (2006), The International System of Units (SI) (PDF) (8th ed.), p. 126, ISBN 92-822-2213-6, archived (PDF) from the original on 4 June 2021, retrieved 16 December 2021
"Resolution 1 of the 15th CGPM". BIPM. 1967. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
"Resolution 6 of the 15th CGPM". BIPM. 1967. Retrieved 13 October 2010.
"Resolution 2 of the 15th CGPM". BIPM. 1975. Retrieved 9 September 2009.
"The "explicit-constant" formulation". BIPM. 2011. Archived from the original on 11 August 2014.

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

Bradley, J. (1729). "Account of a new discovered Motion of the Fix'd Stars". Philosophical Transactions. 35: 637–660.
Newton, I. (1704). "Prop. XI". Optiks. The text of Prop. XI is identical between the first (1704) and second (1719) editions.
Kirchhoff, G. (1857). "Über die Bewegung der Elektricität". Annalen der Physik. 178 (12): 529–244. Bibcode:1857AnP...178..529K. doi:10.1002/andp.18571781203.

books.google.com

Larson, Ron; Hostetler, Robert P. (2007). Elementary and Intermediate Algebra: A Combined Course, Student Support Edition (4th illustrated ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-618-75354-3.
Moses Fayngold (2008). Special Relativity and How it Works (illustrated ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 497. ISBN 978-3-527-40607-4. Extract of page 497.
Albert Shadowitz (1988). Special Relativity (revised ed.). Courier Corporation. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-486-65743-1. Extract of page 79.
Stachel, J. J. (2002). Einstein from "B" to "Z" – Volume 9 of Einstein studies. Springer. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-8176-4143-6.
See, for example:
- Lide, D. R. (2004). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press. pp. 2–9. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
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  - Sydenham, P. H. (2003). "Measurement of length". In Boyes, W (ed.). Instrumentation Reference Book (3 ed.). Butterworth–Heinemann. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-7506-7123-1. ... if the speed of light is defined as a fixed number then, in principle, the time standard will serve as the length standard ...
  - Lawrie, I. D. (2002). "Appendix C: Natural units". A Unified Grand Tour of Theoretical Physics (2 ed.). CRC Press. p. 540. ISBN 978-0-7503-0604-1.
  - Hsu, L. (2006). "Appendix A: Systems of units and the development of relativity theories". A Broader View of Relativity: General Implications of Lorentz and Poincaré Invariance (2 ed.). World Scientific. pp. 427–428. ISBN 978-981-256-651-5.
  - Hsu, J.-P.; Zhang, Y. Z. (2001). Lorentz and Poincaré Invariance. Advanced Series on Theoretical Physical Science. Vol. 8. World Scientific. pp. 543ff. ISBN 978-981-02-4721-8.
  - Sriranjan, B. (2004). "Postulates of the special theory of relativity and their consequences". The Special Theory to Relativity. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. pp. 20ff. ISBN 978-81-203-1963-9.
  - Lang, K. R. (1999). Astrophysical formulae (3 ed.). Birkhäuser. p. 152. ISBN 978-3-540-29692-8.
  - Quimby, R. S. (2006). Photonics and lasers: an introduction. John Wiley and Sons. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-471-71974-8.
  - Muga, J. G.; Mayato, R. S.; Egusquiza, I. L., eds. (2007). Time in Quantum Mechanics. Springer. p. 48. ISBN 978-3-540-73472-7.
  - Hernández-Figueroa, H. E.; Zamboni-Rached, M.; Recami, E. (2007). Localized Waves. Wiley Interscience. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-470-10885-7.
  - Harrison, E. R. (2003). Masks of the Universe. Cambridge University Press. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-521-77351-5.
  - Sidharth, B. G. (2008). The Thermodynamic Universe. World Scientific. p. 134. ISBN 978-981-281-234-6.
  - Milonni, Peter W. (2004). Fast light, slow light and left-handed light. CRC Press. pp. 25 ff. ISBN 978-0-7503-0926-4.
  - de Podesta, M. (2002). Understanding the Properties of Matter. CRC Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-415-25788-6.
  - Milonni, P. W. (2004). Fast light, slow light and left-handed light. CRC Press. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-7503-0926-4.
  - Parhami, B. (1999). Introduction to parallel processing: algorithms and architectures. Plenum Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-306-45970-2.
  - Imbs, D.; Raynal, Michel (2009). Malyshkin, V. (ed.). Software Transactional Memories: An Approach for Multicore Programming. 10th International Conference, PaCT 2009, Novosibirsk, Russia, 31 August – 4 September 2009. Springer. p. 26. ISBN 978-3-642-03274-5.
  - Hughes, Stephan (2012). Catchers of the Light: The Forgotten Lives of the Men and Women Who First Photographed the Heavens. ArtDeCiel Publishing. p. 210. ISBN 978-1-62050-961-6.
  - Vaughan, J. M. (1989). The Fabry-Perot interferometer. CRC Press. pp. 47, 384–391. ISBN 978-0-85274-138-2.
  - Weiner, John; Nunes, Frederico (2013). Light-Matter Interaction: Physics and Engineering at the Nanoscale (illustrated ed.). OUP Oxford. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-19-856766-0. Extract of page 1.
  - Sarton, G. (1993). Ancient science through the golden age of Greece. Courier Dover. p. 248. ISBN 978-0-486-27495-9.
  - Ahmed, Sherif Sayed (2014). Electronic Microwave Imaging with Planar Multistatic Arrays. Logos Verlag Berlin. p. 1. ISBN 978-3-8325-3621-3. Extract of page 1
  - Lindberg, D. C. (1996). Roger Bacon and the origins of Perspectiva in the Middle Ages: a critical edition and English translation of Bacon's Perspectiva, with introduction and notes. Oxford University Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-19-823992-5.
  - Lindberg, D. C. (1974). "Late Thirteenth-Century Synthesis in Optics". In Edward Grant (ed.). A source book in medieval science. Harvard University Press. p. 396. ISBN 978-0-674-82360-0.
  - Cajori, Florian (1922). A History of Physics in Its Elementary Branches: Including the Evolution of Physical Laboratories. Macmillan. p. 76.
  - See, for example:
    - Giordano, Nicholas J. (2009). College physics: reasoning and relationships. Cengage Learning. p. 787. ISBN 978-0-534-42471-8.
    - Consoli, Maurizio; Pluchino, Alessandro (2018). Michelson-Morley Experiments: An Enigma for Physics & The History of Science. World Scientific. pp. 118–119. ISBN 978-9-813-27818-9. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
    - Taylor, E. F.; Wheeler, J. A. (1992). Spacetime Physics: Introduction to Special Relativity (2 ed.). Macmillan. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-7167-2327-1.
    - Adams, S. (1997). Relativity: An Introduction to Space–Time Physics. CRC Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-7484-0621-0. One peculiar consequence of this system of definitions is that any future refinement in our ability to measure c will not change the speed of light (which is a defined number), but will change the length of the meter!
    - Rindler, W. (2006). Relativity: Special, General, and Cosmological (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-19-856731-8. Note that [...] improvements in experimental accuracy will modify the meter relative to atomic wavelengths, but not the value of the speed of light!

caltech.edu

authors.library.caltech.edu

Libbrecht, K. G.; Libbrecht, M. W. (December 2006). "Interferometric measurement of the resonant absorption and refractive index in rubidium gas" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. 74 (12): 1055–1060. Bibcode:2006AmJPh..74.1055L. doi:10.1119/1.2335476. ISSN 0002-9505.

cms-conferences.org

openaccess.cms-conferences.org

Parisi, Megan; Panontin, Tina; Wu, Shu-Chieh; Mctigue, Kaitlin; Vera, Alonso (2023). "Effects of Communication Delay on Human Spaceflight Missions". Human-Centered Aerospace Systems and Sustainability Applications. 98. AHFE Open Acces. doi:10.54941/ahfe1003920. ISBN 978-1-958651-74-2.

doi.org

Peres, Asher; Terno, Daniel R. (6 January 2004). "Quantum information and relativity theory". Reviews of Modern Physics. 76 (1): 93–123. arXiv:quant-ph/0212023. Bibcode:2004RvMP...76...93P. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.76.93. ISSN 0034-6861. S2CID 7481797.
See, for example:
- Feigenbaum, Mitchell J.; Mermin, N. David (January 1988). "E = mc²". American Journal of Physics. 56 (1): 18–21. Bibcode:1988AmJPh..56...18F. doi:10.1119/1.15422. ISSN 0002-9505.
- Mendelson, K. S. (2006). "The story of c". American Journal of Physics. 74 (11): 995–997. Bibcode:2006AmJPh..74..995M. doi:10.1119/1.2238887. ISSN 0002-9505.
- Einstein, A. (1905). "Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper". Annalen der Physik (Submitted manuscript) (in German). 17 (10): 890–921. Bibcode:1905AnP...322..891E. doi:10.1002/andp.19053221004. English translation: Perrett, W. Walker, J (ed.). "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies". Fourmilab. Translated by Jeffery, G. B. Retrieved 27 November 2009.
- Antonioli, Pietro; Fienberg, Richard Tresch; Fleurot, Fabrice; Fukuda, Yoshiyuki; Fulgione, Walter; Habig, Alec; Heise, Jaret; McDonald, Arthur B.; Mills, Corrinne; Namba, Toshio; Robinson, Leif J. (2 September 2004). "SNEWS: the SuperNova Early Warning System". New Journal of Physics. 6: 114. arXiv:astro-ph/0406214. Bibcode:2004NJPh....6..114A. doi:10.1088/1367-2630/6/1/114. ISSN 1367-2630. S2CID 119431247.
- Terrell, J. (1959). "Invisibility of the Lorentz Contraction". Physical Review. 116 (4): 1041–1045. Bibcode:1959PhRv..116.1041T. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.116.1041.
- Penrose, R. (1959). "The Apparent Shape of a Relativistically Moving Sphere". Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 55 (1): 137–139. Bibcode:1959PCPS...55..137P. doi:10.1017/S0305004100033776. S2CID 123023118.
- See, for example:
  - Abbott, B. P.; et al. (2017). "Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 848 (2): L13. arXiv:1710.05834. Bibcode:2017ApJ...848L..13A. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa920c.
  - Ellis, G. F. R.; Uzan, J.-P. (2005). "'c' is the speed of light, isn't it?". American Journal of Physics. 73 (3): 240–227. arXiv:gr-qc/0305099. Bibcode:2005AmJPh..73..240E. doi:10.1119/1.1819929. S2CID 119530637. The possibility that the fundamental constants may vary during the evolution of the universe offers an exceptional window onto higher dimensional theories and is probably linked with the nature of the dark energy that makes the universe accelerate today.
  - Uzan, J.-P. (2003). "The fundamental constants and their variation: observational status and theoretical motivations". Reviews of Modern Physics. 75 (2): 403. arXiv:hep-ph/0205340. Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..403U. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.403. S2CID 118684485.
  - Amelino-Camelia, G. (2013). "Quantum Gravity Phenomenology". Living Reviews in Relativity. 16 (1): 5. arXiv:0806.0339. Bibcode:2013LRR....16....5A. doi:10.12942/lrr-2013-5. PMC 5255913. PMID 28179844.
  - Herrmann, S.; Senger, A.; Möhle, K.; Nagel, M.; Kovalchuk, E. V.; Peters, A. (2009). "Rotating optical cavity experiment testing Lorentz invariance at the 10⁻¹⁷ level". Physical Review D. 80 (100): 105011. arXiv:1002.1284. Bibcode:2009PhRvD..80j5011H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.80.105011. S2CID 118346408.
  - See, for example:
    - Ben-Menahem, Shahar (November 1990). "Causality between conducting plates". Physics Letters B. 250 (1–2): 133–138. Bibcode:1990PhLB..250..133B. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(90)91167-A. OSTI 1449261.
    - Liberati, S.; Sonego, S.; Visser, M. (2002). "Faster-than-c signals, special relativity, and causality". Annals of Physics. 298 (1): 167–185. arXiv:gr-qc/0107091. Bibcode:2002AnPhy.298..167L. doi:10.1006/aphy.2002.6233. S2CID 48166.
    - Wynne, K. (2002). "Causality and the nature of information" (PDF). Optics Communications. 209 (1–3): 84–100. Bibcode:2002OptCo.209...85W. doi:10.1016/S0030-4018(02)01638-3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2009.
    - Rees, M. (1966). "The Appearance of Relativistically Expanding Radio Sources". Nature. 211 (5048): 468. Bibcode:1966Natur.211..468R. doi:10.1038/211468a0. S2CID 41065207.
    - Reich, Eugenie Samuel (2 April 2012). "Embattled neutrino project leaders step down". Nature News. doi:10.1038/nature.2012.10371. S2CID 211730430. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
    - OPERA Collaboration (12 July 2012). "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2012 (10): 93. arXiv:1109.4897. Bibcode:2012JHEP...10..093A. doi:10.1007/JHEP10(2012)093. S2CID 17652398.
    - See, for example:
      - Schaefer, B. E. (1999). "Severe limits on variations of the speed of light with frequency". Physical Review Letters. 82 (25): 4964–4966. arXiv:astro-ph/9810479. Bibcode:1999PhRvL..82.4964S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.4964. S2CID 119339066.
      - Adelberger, E.; Dvali, G.; Gruzinov, A. (2007). "Photon Mass Bound Destroyed by Vortices". Physical Review Letters. 98 (1): 010402. arXiv:hep-ph/0306245. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98a0402A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.010402. PMID 17358459. S2CID 31249827.
      - Amelino-Camelia, G. (2009). "Astrophysics: Burst of support for relativity". Nature. 462 (7271): 291–292. Bibcode:2009Natur.462..291A. doi:10.1038/462291a. PMID 19924200. S2CID 205051022.
      - Toll, J. S. (1956). "Causality and the Dispersion Relation: Logical Foundations". Physical Review. 104 (6): 1760–1770. Bibcode:1956PhRv..104.1760T. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.104.1760.
      - Libbrecht, K. G.; Libbrecht, M. W. (December 2006). "Interferometric measurement of the resonant absorption and refractive index in rubidium gas" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. 74 (12): 1055–1060. Bibcode:2006AmJPh..74.1055L. doi:10.1119/1.2335476. ISSN 0002-9505.
      - See, for example:
        Hau, L. V.; Harris, S. E.; Dutton, Z.; Behroozi, C. H. (1999). "Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas" (PDF). Nature. 397 (6720): 594–598. Bibcode:1999Natur.397..594V. doi:10.1038/17561. S2CID 4423307.
        See, for example:
        Chiao, R. Y. (1993). "Superluminal (but causal) propagation of wave packets in transparent media with inverted atomic populations". Physical Review A. 48 (1): R34 – R37. Bibcode:1993PhRvA..48...34C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.48.R34. PMID 9909684.
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        Buchanan, Mark (11 February 2015). "Physics in finance: Trading at the speed of light". Nature. 518 (7538): 161–163. Bibcode:2015Natur.518..161B. doi:10.1038/518161a. PMID 25673397.
        Parisi, Megan; Panontin, Tina; Wu, Shu-Chieh; Mctigue, Kaitlin; Vera, Alonso (2023). "Effects of Communication Delay on Human Spaceflight Missions". Human-Centered Aerospace Systems and Sustainability Applications. 98. AHFE Open Acces. doi:10.54941/ahfe1003920. ISBN 978-1-958651-74-2.
        Dickey, J. O.; et al. (July 1994). "Lunar Laser Ranging: A Continuing Legacy of the Apollo Program" (PDF). Science. 265 (5171): 482–490. Bibcode:1994Sci...265..482D. doi:10.1126/science.265.5171.482. PMID 17781305. S2CID 10157934.
        Standish, E. M. (February 1982). "The JPL planetary ephemerides". Celestial Mechanics. 26 (2): 181–186. Bibcode:1982CeMec..26..181S. doi:10.1007/BF01230883. S2CID 121966516.
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        Cohen, I. B. (1940). "Roemer and the first determination of the velocity of light (1676)". Isis. 31 (2): 327–379. doi:10.1086/347594. hdl:2027/uc1.b4375710. S2CID 145428377.
        "Demonstration tovchant le mouvement de la lumiere trouvé par M. Rŏmer de l'Académie Royale des Sciences" [Demonstration to the movement of light found by Mr. Römer of the Royal Academy of Sciences] (PDF). Journal des sçavans (in French): 233–236. 1676.
        Translated in "A demonstration concerning the motion of light, communicated from Paris, in the Journal des Sçavans, and here made English". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 12 (136): 893–895. 1677. Bibcode:1677RSPT...12..893.. doi:10.1098/rstl.1677.0024.
        Reproduced in Hutton, C.; Shaw, G.; Pearson, R., eds. (1809). "On the Motion of Light by M. Romer". The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, from Their Commencement in 1665, in the Year 1800: Abridged. Vol. II. From 1673 to 1682. London: C. & R. Baldwin. pp. 397–398.
        The account published in Journal des sçavans was based on a report that Rømer read to the French Academy of Sciences in November 1676 (Cohen, 1940, p. 346).
        Brumfiel, Geoff (14 September 2012). "The astronomical unit gets fixed". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2012.11416. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 123424704.
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        Essen, L.; Gordon-Smith, A. C. (1948). "The Velocity of Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves Derived from the Resonant Frequencies of a Cylindrical Cavity Resonator". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A. 194 (1038): 348–361. Bibcode:1948RSPSA.194..348E. doi:10.1098/rspa.1948.0085. JSTOR 98293.
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        Essen, L. (1950). "The Velocity of Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves Derived from the Resonant Frequencies of a Cylindrical Cavity Resonator". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A. 204 (1077): 260–277. Bibcode:1950RSPSA.204..260E. doi:10.1098/rspa.1950.0172. JSTOR 98433. S2CID 121261770.
        Stauffer, R. H. (April 1997). "Finding the Speed of Light with Marshmallows". The Physics Teacher. 35 (4): 231. Bibcode:1997PhTea..35..231S. doi:10.1119/1.2344657. Retrieved 15 February 2010.
        Froome, K. D. (1958). "A New Determination of the Free-Space Velocity of Electromagnetic Waves". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 247 (1248): 109–122. Bibcode:1958RSPSA.247..109F. doi:10.1098/rspa.1958.0172. JSTOR 100591. S2CID 121444888.
        Evenson, K. M.; et al. (1972). "Speed of Light from Direct Frequency and Wavelength Measurements of the Methane-Stabilized Laser". Physical Review Letters. 29 (19): 1346–1349. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..29.1346E. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.29.1346. S2CID 120300510.
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        Foschi, Renato; Leone, Matteo (August 2009). "Galileo, Measurement of the Velocity of Light, and the Reaction Times". Perception. 38 (8): 1251–1259. doi:10.1068/p6263. hdl:2318/132957. ISSN 0301-0066. PMID 19817156. S2CID 11747908.
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        Watson, E. C. (1 September 1957). "On the Relations between Light and Electricity". American Journal of Physics. 25 (6): 335–343. Bibcode:1957AmJPh..25..335W. doi:10.1119/1.1934460. ISSN 0002-9505.
        Michelson, A. A.; Morley, E. W. (1887). "On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether". American Journal of Science. 34 (203): 333–345. doi:10.1366/0003702874447824. S2CID 98374065.
        Barger, R.; Hall, J. (1973). "Wavelength of the 3.39-μm laser-saturated absorption line of methane". Applied Physics Letters. 22 (4): 196. Bibcode:1973ApPhL..22..196B. doi:10.1063/1.1654608. S2CID 1841238.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

See, for example:
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ft.com

"Time is money when it comes to microwaves". Financial Times. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2014.

ghostarchive.org

"Time is money when it comes to microwaves". Financial Times. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2014.

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Cohen, I. B. (1940). "Roemer and the first determination of the velocity of light (1676)". Isis. 31 (2): 327–379. doi:10.1086/347594. hdl:2027/uc1.b4375710. S2CID 145428377.
Foschi, Renato; Leone, Matteo (2009), "Galileo, measurement of the velocity of light, and the reaction times", Perception, 38 (8): 1251–1259, doi:10.1068/p6263, hdl:2318/132957, PMID 19817156, S2CID 11747908
Foschi, Renato; Leone, Matteo (August 2009). "Galileo, Measurement of the Velocity of Light, and the Reaction Times". Perception. 38 (8): 1251–1259. doi:10.1068/p6263. hdl:2318/132957. ISSN 0301-0066. PMID 19817156. S2CID 11747908.

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    - OPERA Collaboration (12 July 2012). "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2012 (10): 93. arXiv:1109.4897. Bibcode:2012JHEP...10..093A. doi:10.1007/JHEP10(2012)093. S2CID 17652398.
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      - Amelino-Camelia, G. (2009). "Astrophysics: Burst of support for relativity". Nature. 462 (7271): 291–292. Bibcode:2009Natur.462..291A. doi:10.1038/462291a. PMID 19924200. S2CID 205051022.
      - Toll, J. S. (1956). "Causality and the Dispersion Relation: Logical Foundations". Physical Review. 104 (6): 1760–1770. Bibcode:1956PhRv..104.1760T. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.104.1760.
      - Libbrecht, K. G.; Libbrecht, M. W. (December 2006). "Interferometric measurement of the resonant absorption and refractive index in rubidium gas" (PDF). American Journal of Physics. 74 (12): 1055–1060. Bibcode:2006AmJPh..74.1055L. doi:10.1119/1.2335476. ISSN 0002-9505.
      - See, for example:
        Hau, L. V.; Harris, S. E.; Dutton, Z.; Behroozi, C. H. (1999). "Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas" (PDF). Nature. 397 (6720): 594–598. Bibcode:1999Natur.397..594V. doi:10.1038/17561. S2CID 4423307.
        See, for example:
        Chiao, R. Y. (1993). "Superluminal (but causal) propagation of wave packets in transparent media with inverted atomic populations". Physical Review A. 48 (1): R34 – R37. Bibcode:1993PhRvA..48...34C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.48.R34. PMID 9909684.
        Buchanan, Mark (11 February 2015). "Physics in finance: Trading at the speed of light". Nature. 518 (7538): 161–163. Bibcode:2015Natur.518..161B. doi:10.1038/518161a. PMID 25673397.
        Dickey, J. O.; et al. (July 1994). "Lunar Laser Ranging: A Continuing Legacy of the Apollo Program" (PDF). Science. 265 (5171): 482–490. Bibcode:1994Sci...265..482D. doi:10.1126/science.265.5171.482. PMID 17781305. S2CID 10157934.
        Standish, E. M. (February 1982). "The JPL planetary ephemerides". Celestial Mechanics. 26 (2): 181–186. Bibcode:1982CeMec..26..181S. doi:10.1007/BF01230883. S2CID 121966516.
        "Demonstration tovchant le mouvement de la lumiere trouvé par M. Rŏmer de l'Académie Royale des Sciences" [Demonstration to the movement of light found by Mr. Römer of the Royal Academy of Sciences] (PDF). Journal des sçavans (in French): 233–236. 1676.
        Translated in "A demonstration concerning the motion of light, communicated from Paris, in the Journal des Sçavans, and here made English". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 12 (136): 893–895. 1677. Bibcode:1677RSPT...12..893.. doi:10.1098/rstl.1677.0024.
        Reproduced in Hutton, C.; Shaw, G.; Pearson, R., eds. (1809). "On the Motion of Light by M. Romer". The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, from Their Commencement in 1665, in the Year 1800: Abridged. Vol. II. From 1673 to 1682. London: C. & R. Baldwin. pp. 397–398.
        The account published in Journal des sçavans was based on a report that Rømer read to the French Academy of Sciences in November 1676 (Cohen, 1940, p. 346).
        See the following:
        Pitjeva, E. V.; Standish, E. M. (2009). "Proposals for the masses of the three largest asteroids, the Moon–Earth mass ratio and the Astronomical Unit". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 103 (4): 365–372. Bibcode:2009CeMDA.103..365P. doi:10.1007/s10569-009-9203-8. S2CID 121374703.
        See, for example:
        Cooke, J.; Martin, M.; McCartney, H.; Wilf, B. (1968). "Direct determination of the speed of light as a general physics laboratory experiment". American Journal of Physics. 36 (9): 847. Bibcode:1968AmJPh..36..847C. doi:10.1119/1.1975166.
        Essen, L.; Gordon-Smith, A. C. (1948). "The Velocity of Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves Derived from the Resonant Frequencies of a Cylindrical Cavity Resonator". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A. 194 (1038): 348–361. Bibcode:1948RSPSA.194..348E. doi:10.1098/rspa.1948.0085. JSTOR 98293.
        Essen, L. (1947). "Velocity of Electromagnetic Waves". Nature. 159 (4044): 611–612. Bibcode:1947Natur.159..611E. doi:10.1038/159611a0. S2CID 4101717.
        Essen, L. (1950). "The Velocity of Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves Derived from the Resonant Frequencies of a Cylindrical Cavity Resonator". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A. 204 (1077): 260–277. Bibcode:1950RSPSA.204..260E. doi:10.1098/rspa.1950.0172. JSTOR 98433. S2CID 121261770.
        Stauffer, R. H. (April 1997). "Finding the Speed of Light with Marshmallows". The Physics Teacher. 35 (4): 231. Bibcode:1997PhTea..35..231S. doi:10.1119/1.2344657. Retrieved 15 February 2010.
        Froome, K. D. (1958). "A New Determination of the Free-Space Velocity of Electromagnetic Waves". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 247 (1248): 109–122. Bibcode:1958RSPSA.247..109F. doi:10.1098/rspa.1958.0172. JSTOR 100591. S2CID 121444888.
        Evenson, K. M.; et al. (1972). "Speed of Light from Direct Frequency and Wavelength Measurements of the Methane-Stabilized Laser". Physical Review Letters. 29 (19): 1346–1349. Bibcode:1972PhRvL..29.1346E. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.29.1346. S2CID 120300510.
        Michelson, A. A. (1927). "Measurement of the Velocity of Light Between Mount Wilson and Mount San Antonio". The Astrophysical Journal. 65: 1. Bibcode:1927ApJ....65....1M. doi:10.1086/143021.
        Kirchhoff, G. (1857). "Über die Bewegung der Elektricität". Annalen der Physik. 178 (12): 529–244. Bibcode:1857AnP...178..529K. doi:10.1002/andp.18571781203.
        Watson, E. C. (1 September 1957). "On the Relations between Light and Electricity". American Journal of Physics. 25 (6): 335–343. Bibcode:1957AmJPh..25..335W. doi:10.1119/1.1934460. ISSN 0002-9505.
        Barger, R.; Hall, J. (1973). "Wavelength of the 3.39-μm laser-saturated absorption line of methane". Applied Physics Letters. 22 (4): 196. Bibcode:1973ApPhL..22..196B. doi:10.1063/1.1654608. S2CID 1841238.
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        Hau, L. V.; Harris, S. E.; Dutton, Z.; Behroozi, C. H. (1999). "Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas" (PDF). Nature. 397 (6720): 594–598. Bibcode:1999Natur.397..594V. doi:10.1038/17561. S2CID 4423307.

hathitrust.org

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Cohen, I. B. (1940). "Roemer and the first determination of the velocity of light (1676)". Isis. 31 (2): 327–379. doi:10.1086/347594. hdl:2027/uc1.b4375710. S2CID 145428377.

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worldcat.org
- Mermin, N. David (2005). It's About Time: Understanding Einstein's Relativity. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 22. ISBN 0-691-12201-6. OCLC 57283944.
- Ellis, George F. R.; Williams, Ruth M. (2000). Flat and Curved Space-times (2 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 12. ISBN 0-19-850657-0. OCLC 44694623.
- Wolf, Emil (2001). "Analyticity, Causality and Dispersion Relations". Selected Works of Emil Wolf: with commentary. River Edge, N.J.: World Scientific. pp. 577–584. ISBN 978-981-281-187-5. OCLC 261134839.
- Mack, Katie (2021). The End of Everything (Astrophysically Speaking). London: Penguin Books. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-0-141-98958-7. OCLC 1180972461.

zenodo.org

See the following:
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- Michelson, A. A.; Morley, E. W. (1887). "On the Relative Motion of the Earth and the Luminiferous Ether". American Journal of Science. 34 (203): 333–345. doi:10.1366/0003702874447824. S2CID 98374065.

Speed of light (English Wikipedia)

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