Surge protector (English Wikipedia)

Circuit Components Inc. "Filtering and Surge Suppression Fundamentals" (PDF). Circuit Components Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-13. Retrieved 2011-03-29. Includes extensive comparison of design tradeoffs among various surge suppression technologies.

circuitbreakersblog.com

"metal oxide varistors – Circuit Breakers Blog – Expert Safety and Usage Information". circuitbreakersblog.com. Retrieved 23 September 2015.

datasheetarchive.com

"C P Clare datasheet".

ecmweb.com

Komm, David (June 21, 2011). "Understanding Surge Protective Device Ratings". Electrical Construction & Maintenance.

element-14.com

"What is a Silicon Transient Voltage Suppressor..." element-14.com. 18 May 2010. Archived from the original on 2016-02-20. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
"Transient Voltage Suppressors (TVS) for Automot..." element-14.com. Retrieved 23 September 2015.

esdjournal.com

esdjournal.com.
"Investigating Surge Suppressor Fires". esdjournal.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-16. Retrieved 2007-06-20.

esv.vic.gov.au

Energy Safe Victoria. "Safety switches, surge diverters and circuit breakers". Gas and electrical safety in the home. Energy Safe Victoria. Archived from the original on 2016-05-10. Retrieved 2016-05-04.

iaei.org

Brown, Kenneth (March 2004). "Metal Oxide Varistor Degradation". IAEI Magazine. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-03-30.

ieee.org

grouper.ieee.org

"Terms C". grouper.IEEE.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
"Terms R". grouper.IEEE.org. Archived from the original on 9 April 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2018.

ewh.ieee.org

Finen, Chris M., Understanding TVSS and its Application (PDF), Eaton Cutler-Hammer.

incompliancemag.com

"UL Publishes New Edition of UL 1449". In Compliance Magazine. 2 September 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2016.

interestingengineering.com

Uysal, Ceren (2022-06-13). "7 best surge protectors to keep the electricity safe running around your house". Interesting Engineering. Retrieved 2022-06-13.

lightningsafety.com

http://lightningsafety.com/nlsi_lhm/IEEE_Guide.pdf, How to Protect Your House and Its Contents from Lightning | IEEE Guide for Surge Protection of Equipment Connected to AC Power and Communication Circuits | 2005.

littelfuse.com

"Walaszczyk, et al. 2001 "Does Size Really Matter? An Exploration of ... Paralleling Multiple Lower Energy Movs"" (PDF). Littelfuse.com. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
"EC638 – Littelfuse Varistor Design Examples" (PDF). Littelfuse, Incorporated. Retrieved 2011-03-29. See pp. 7–8, "Parallel Operation of Varistors".
"EC640 – Combining GDTs and MOVs for Surge Protection of AC Lines" (PDF). Littelfuse, Incorporated. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
"AN9769 – An Overview of Electromagnetic and Lightning Induced Voltage Transients" (PDF). Littelfuse, Incorporated. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
"AN9768 – Transient Suppression Devices and Principles" (PDF). Littelfuse, Incorporated. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
"AN9767 – Littelfuse Varistors: Basic Properties, Terminology and Theory" (PDF). Littelfuse, Incorporated. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
Walaszczyk, et al. 2001 "Does Size Really Matter? An Exploration of ... Paralleling Multiple Lower Energy Movs". See Figures 4 & 5 for Pulse Life Curves.
"Q. How does an MOV fail?", Application Note 9311, The ABCs of MOVs (PDF), pp. 10–48, retrieved 18 January 2018.
"Application Note 9773 "Varistor Testing". See "Varistor Rating Assurance Tests"" (PDF). Littelfuse.com. January 1998. pp. 10–145. Retrieved 18 January 2018. See definition of "end-of-lifetime".

mtl-inst.com

https://www.mtl-inst.com/images/uploads/AN_904-1004_Rev_G.pdf, Surge protection for intrinsically safe systems; Crouse Hinds | Recommended earthing system for loops including intrinsic safety barrier (IS) barriers and SPDs, p. 3, see Figure 4.

nfpa.org

"About NFPA". nfpa.org. Archived from the original on 2012-02-12. Retrieved 2012-02-07.

nist.gov

nvlpubs.nist.gov

"Surge Protection in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits – An Anthology Part 8 – Coordination of Cascaded Surge-Protective Devices" (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
Guideline on Electrical Power For Data Processing Installations (PDF), Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 94, September 21, 1983, p. 42, Figure 27: a coiled extension cord makes a weak longitudinal transformer, a balun.

eeel.nist.gov

"No Joules for Surges: Relevant and Realistic Assessment of Surge Stress Threats" (PDF). NIST.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-25. Retrieved 18 January 2018.

nist.gov

https://www.nist.gov/system/files/documents/pml/div684/TOVs_on_SPDs.pdf, [temporary over voltage] TOV Effects on Surge-Protective Devices | Dalibor Kladar, Eaton Electrical; François Martzloff, Surges Happen!; Doni Nastasi, EPRI Solutions.

pml.nist.gov

Ibacache, Rodrigo (January 13, 2009). "Surge Protection in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits" (PDF). NIST.gov. Retrieved January 18, 2018.

rockwellautomation.com

literature.rockwellautomation.com

John T. Streicher, https://literature.rockwellautomation.com/idc/groups/literature/documents/wp/drives-wp016_-en-p.pdf Line Reactors and AC Drives. Rockwell Automation | Mequon, Wisconsin.

sankosha-usa.com

Sankosha. "Fail Safe Device". Retrieved 2011-03-28.

schneider-electric.com

download.schneider-electric.com

https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_enDocType=White+Paper&p_File_Name=asc-spd-wp-series-v-parallel.pdf&p_Doc_Ref=SPD-WP-SVPSPD Series vs. Parallel Surge Protection | ASCO Power Technologies. Schneider Electric SE.

semtech.com

SemTech "TVS Diode Application Note" Rev 9/2000. Archived 2009-01-12 at the Wayback Machine See chart entitled "TVS Capacitance vs Transmission Rate".

siemens.com

w3.usa.siemens.com

"UL 1449, 3rd ed.: SPD/TVSS Changes Effective September 29, 2009" (PDF).

sea.siemens.com

Siemens AG. "Next Generation Surge Protection: UL 1449 Third Edition" (PDF). Siemens AG. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2011-03-29.

tampaairport.com

https://www.tampaairport.com/sites/default/master/files/Design%20Criteria%20Manual%2010-16-17_1.pdf, Hillsborough County Aviation Authority | Design Criteria Manual | October 16, 2017 | Section 16289 – Transient Voltage Suppression.

ul.com

"About UL". UL.com. 18 July 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
Underwriters Laboratories. "Application Guideline". UL 6500 – Second Edition. Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2011-03-29. Connection of MOVs and GDTs in series.

ulstandards.ul.com

"Standard 1449 – Standard for Surge Protective Devices". UL LLC. Retrieved February 18, 2016.

web.archive.org

Energy Safe Victoria. "Safety switches, surge diverters and circuit breakers". Gas and electrical safety in the home. Energy Safe Victoria. Archived from the original on 2016-05-10. Retrieved 2016-05-04.
"Surge Protection in Low-Voltage AC Power Circuits – An Anthology Part 8 – Coordination of Cascaded Surge-Protective Devices" (PDF). NIST. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 December 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
"What is a Silicon Transient Voltage Suppressor..." element-14.com. 18 May 2010. Archived from the original on 2016-02-20. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
"Terms C". grouper.IEEE.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
"No Joules for Surges: Relevant and Realistic Assessment of Surge Stress Threats" (PDF). NIST.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-25. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
"Terms R". grouper.IEEE.org. Archived from the original on 9 April 2017. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
Siemens AG. "Next Generation Surge Protection: UL 1449 Third Edition" (PDF). Siemens AG. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
Circuit Components Inc. "Filtering and Surge Suppression Fundamentals" (PDF). Circuit Components Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-13. Retrieved 2011-03-29. Includes extensive comparison of design tradeoffs among various surge suppression technologies.
Underwriters Laboratories. "Application Guideline". UL 6500 – Second Edition. Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2011-03-29. Connection of MOVs and GDTs in series.
Brown, Kenneth (March 2004). "Metal Oxide Varistor Degradation". IAEI Magazine. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-03-30.
"About NFPA". nfpa.org. Archived from the original on 2012-02-12. Retrieved 2012-02-07.
"Investigating Surge Suppressor Fires". esdjournal.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-16. Retrieved 2007-06-20.
SemTech "TVS Diode Application Note" Rev 9/2000. Archived 2009-01-12 at the Wayback Machine See chart entitled "TVS Capacitance vs Transmission Rate".
Citel Incorporated. "Gas Discharge Tube Overview". Archived from the original on March 5, 2012. Retrieved 2013-05-30.
"Surge suppression computer definition". YourDictionary.com. Archived from the original on June 2, 2010. Retrieved January 18, 2018.

wolfautomation.com

https://www.wolfautomation.com/blog/what-is-a-line-reactor/, What is a line reactor and when do I use one? | Jun 6, 2019 | Engineers Corner | Wolf Automation.

yourdictionary.com

"Surge suppression computer definition". YourDictionary.com. Archived from the original on June 2, 2010. Retrieved January 18, 2018.

zarlink.com

"Microsemi – Semiconductor & System Solutions – Power Matters" (PDF). www.Zarlink.com. Retrieved 18 January 2018.