Than Shwe (English Wikipedia)

"How Myanmar leader snubs U.N. envoy". CNN. 11 March 2008. Archived from the original on 15 March 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2008.
"Soccerleaks: The football files". CNN. 21 March 2011. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2017.

coconuts.co

"Former Burmese strongman Than Shwe learns to use iPad". Coconuts Media. 26 March 2015.

com.mm

gnlm.com.mm

Kyaw Phyo Tha (8 October 2016). "Military Officials, Cronies Released from US Blacklist". The Irrawaddy.

dgmoen.net

"Inside Burma :: DGMoen.net :: Promoting Social Justice, Human Rights, and Peace". DGMoen.net. 19 September 1988. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2011.

discoverwalks.com

"Top 10 Sensational Facts about Than Shwe". Discover Walks. 7 August 2022.

dvb.no

"'The General must not be disturbed' | Democratic Voice of Burma". Dvb.no. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2011.

eastasiaforum.org

elevenmyanmar.com

"Xinhua reports meeting between former Senior General U Than Shwe and Chinese Foreign Minister Qin Gang". Eleven Media Group. 3 May 2023.

foreignpolicy.com

"The Worst of the Worst – By George B.N. Ayittey". Foreign Policy. Archived from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 13 March 2011.

frontiermyanmar.net

"Has former Burmese army general Than Shwe retained his influence?". Frontier Myanmar. 11 September 2016.
"Has former army leader Senior General Than Shwe retained his influence?". Frontier Myanmar. 11 September 2016.

gainesville.com

"Myanmar's New Capital Isolates Junta". The Gainesville Sun. 24 June 2008.

go.com

abcnews.go.com

"Ex-Myanmar military leader Than Shwe recovers from COVID-19". ABC News. 24 August 2021. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
"The son-in-law of former Myanmar's strongman is arrested over Facebook posts". ABC News (United States). 25 October 2024.

guardian.co.uk

observer.guardian.co.uk

McCurry, Justin; Watts, Jonathan; Smith, Alex Duval (30 September 2007). "How Junta stemmed a saffron tide". The Observer. Archived from the original on 19 November 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2007.

hm-treasury.gov.uk

"Consolidated List Of Financial Sanctions Targets In The UK". Hm-treasury.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2011.

ibtimes.co.uk

Jigmey Bhutia (6 December 2015). "Myanmar: Former military ruler Than Shwe backs Aung San Suu Kyi". International Business Times UK.

independent.co.uk

Wheeler, Ned (28 July 1997). "Obituary: General Saw Maung". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2017.

irrawaddy.com

www2.irrawaddy.com

Simon Roughneen (15 December 2010). "Earlier in 2007, China facilitated talks between the US and the Burmese government, with Beijing's diplomats suggesting that the US deal directly with junta chief Senior General Than Shwe, according to the documents released by WikiLeaks". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (10 February 2011). "Myint Aung Dismissed, Placed Under House Arrest. At the time, rumors from Naypyidaw suggested that Than Shwe favored Myint Aung and Ko Ko to succeed him and his deputy, Vice Senior General Maung Aye, respectively". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (21 July 2011). ""The current rulers do not need them," he said, ruling out the possibility that the new government might want to recruit their services. However, a Naypyidaw source said he thought that it was unlikely that Khin Nyunt and his family would be released in the near future. The junta leaders discussed the possible release of Khin Nyunt before the new administration came into office in late March, but the move, proposed by Vice Senior General Maung Aye, was rejected by Senior General Than Shwe, he said". The Irrawaddy.
Min Lwin (29 September 2009). "A Rising Four-star General". The Irrawaddy.
"Senior General Than Shwe has reportedly endorsed Burma's No 3 ranking general, joint chief-of-staff Gen Thura Shwe Mann, to become Burma's new president. The move came during a recent cabinet meeting in Naypyidaw, according to sources. "You are going to be president," Than Shwe reportedly told his subordinate". The Irrawaddy. 16 July 2009.
Wai Moe (31 January 2011). "Leaked information from Naypyidaw on Monday evening suggested that junta chief Senior General Than Shwe had chosen Prime Minister ex-general Thein Sein to be the new president of Burma. Thein Sein, who retired from the army in April to lead the junta's proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party, is Than Shwe's long-term friend and close aide". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (1 February 2011). "Following the opening sessions of both of the Parliamentary Houses in Naypyidaw, one thing is certain—neither of the nation's top two generals, Senior General Than Shwe and Vice Senior General Maung Aye, will be President nor a Vice-president". The Irrawaddy.
Aung Zaw (31 October 2007). "Than Shwe: The Man in the Iron Mask". The Irrawaddy.
Lawi Weng (29 March 2010). "Thangyat Songs Ridicule Than Shwe's Election". The Irrawaddy.
Lawi Weng (2 November 2009). "Former Thai PM to Visit His 'Brother' Than Shwe". The Irrawaddy.
Saw Yan Naing (9 January 2008). "University Privileges Granted to Than Shwe's Grandson". The Irrawaddy.
"Naypyidaw's Version of Shwedagon Pagoda Nears Completion". The Irrawaddy. 6 March 2009.
Aung Zaw (9 December 2011). "Is Than Shwe Still Pulling the Strings?". The Irrawaddy.
Htet Aung (6 July 2011). "Cronyism: A Legacy of Military Rule in Burma". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (15 August 2009). "US Senator Meets Than Shwe, Suu Kyi". The Irrawaddy.
"Than Shwe's Grandson Visits France: Sources". The Irrawaddy. 16 November 2011.
Yan Pai (21 December 2010). "Senior General's Grandson Orders Attack on Business Rival". The Irrawaddy.
"Than Shwe's Grandson Steals the Show". The Irrawaddy. December 2009.
Wai Moe (18 December 2008). "Than Shwe's Dynastic Family Dream on Parade at State Function". The Irrawaddy.
"Members of State Peace and Development Council (SPDC)". The Irrawaddy. 1 November 2003. Archived from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
Aung Lwin Oo (1 September 2005). "Thai Foreign Minister Meets Than Shwe". The Irrawaddy.
"When Burma's former head of military intelligence and prime minister Khin Nyunt was purged from the ruling regime in 2004, his successor, then General Thura Shwe Mann, famously said that in Burma, as in other civilized countries, "no one is above the law."". The Irrawaddy. 28 January 2011.
"China Stresses Border Stability at Than Shwe Meet". The Irrawaddy. 9 September 2010.
Arkar Moe (6 May 2009). "Experts Challenge Than Shwe's Rice Production Claims". The Irrawaddy.
"Than Shwe's New Pagoda Hides More than a Buddha Relic". The Irrawaddy. 10 March 2009.
Min Lwin (15 July 2009). "Than Shwe and Family Make Offerings at Shwedagon Pagoda". The Irrawaddy.
Yeni (November 2010). "The Man with the Plan – This was good enough for Than Shwe, who knows that all he really needs to get the job done is a free hand to do as he pleases inside Burma without having to worrying too much about negative repercussions beyond its borders. This was why, when visiting Thai Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva attempted to convey other countries' doubts about the credibility of the election during his trip to Burma on Oct. 11, Than Shwe told him he was "aware of the concerns, but did not want any outside help." With this cloud of neutrality now surrounding Burma's election, Than Shwe can now proceed to declare victory, as long as he maintains his grip on the situation inside the country. He knows now that even in the distant West, he has allies who, while they don't actually support him, are willing to let him win this one, if only so he'll go away and make room for a new generation of leaders". The Irrawaddy.
Aung Zaw (25 December 2008). "Than Shwe, Voodoo and the Number 11". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (20 December 2007). "Senior General Than Shwe's wife Kyaing Kyaing is recovering from a stroke, according to a source close to the Tatmadaw (Burma's armed forces)". The Irrawaddy.
Aung Thet Wine (1 June 2010). "Than Shwe Family Will Not Take Part in Pagoda Ceremonies". The Irrawaddy.
Tini Tran (9 September 2010). "China Extends Welcome to Than Shwe". The Irrawaddy.
"Than Shwe Makes First Visit to Relief Camp". The Irrawaddy. 19 May 2008.
Lalit K Jha (6 February 2008). "US Warns Than Shwe, Names New Sanctions Targets". The Irrawaddy.
Tini Tran (8 September 2010). "China Military Leader Urges Closer Than Shwe Ties". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (14 December 2009). "Burmese Media Lead with Than Shwe's Favorites". The Irrawaddy.
Aung Zaw (March 2010). "The Simple Soldier – Senior General Than Shwe was once an unknown rising through the ranks of the armed forces—the sort of person it may now take to remove him from power. Some former colleagues of Senior General Than Shwe recall that the junta chief used to have little political ambition and lived a simple lifestyle. They say he actually thought he was on his way out in the 1980s and was preparing for retirement". The Irrawaddy.
Wai Moe (3 September 2010). "Than Shwe's Other Right Hand Man". The Irrawaddy.
"Burma's generals have a history of juggling relations with Washington and Beijing". The Irrawaddy. November 2009.
"Suu Kyi, Than Shwe Meeting Rumors Increase". The Irrawaddy. 8 October 2009.
"Than Shwe, Laotian PM Discuss Military Ties". The Irrawaddy. 23 June 2010.
Wai Moe (27 July 2010). "Look-East Meets Look-West as India Hosts Than Shwe". The Irrawaddy.
Lalit K Jha (19 April 2011). "Than Shwe Still in Control but Progress Possible: Former US Envoy". The Irrawaddy.
Yeni (November 2008). "Perceptions of Leadership in Burma". The Irrawaddy.
"USDP Forms New Buddhist Organization". The Irrawaddy. 13 January 2011.
Zaw, Aung (25 December 2008). "Than Shwe, Voodoo and the Number 11". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 30 July 2022.

irrawaddy.com

Aung Zaw (28 February 2014). "The Doubly Disastrous Legacy of Ne Win". The Irrawaddy.
"Military Watch: Regime boss targets 'Western culture'; Than Shwe Falls From Favor; and More". The Irrawaddy. 4 March 2023.
"For Suu Kyi and Than Shwe, an Inconvenient Truce". The Irrawaddy. 14 December 2015.
Lin Thant (20 March 2013). "Retired Spy Master Makes TV Appearance with Shwe Mann". The Irrawaddy.
"Myanmar's Military Chief Staged a Coup. But He Did Not Act Alone". The Irrawaddy. 13 August 2021.
"Myanmar Army Chief Min Aung Hlaing Visits Former leader of Myanmar Than Shwe". The Irrawaddy. 21 April 2022.
Wei Yan Aung (10 May 2019). "Referendum on Military-Drafted Constitution Pursued Amid Cyclone Devastation". The Irrawaddy.
Aung, Zaw (28 February 2013). "Every calculation and decision the opposition makes must have at its foundation an awareness of this history, because it reveals Than Shwe and his fellow generals' current propensities. And every Burma watcher, whether full-blown participant or armchair analyst, should also be familiar with the two leaders that have turned Burma into the country that it is—and is not—today". The Irrawaddy.
Saw Yan Naing (30 November 2016). "Does the KNU Seek Support from Naypyidaw?". The Irrawaddy.
"The Day Ex-military leader Than Shwe's Reign Began". The Irrawaddy. 23 April 2019.
"Disreputable Commanders-in-Chief of the Myanmar's Military". The Irrawaddy. 14 December 2021.
Aung Zaw (25 April 2013). "The former commander-in-chief of the armed forces soon discovered that soldiers surrounded his home and he had been placed under house arrest. The infuriated Saw Maung yelled at his personal staff officers and family members, sending his wife rushing to the Defense Ministry on Signal Road, where she asked for a face-to-face meeting with top brass and lashed out to no avail at Than Shwe and Khin Nyunt—all to the amusement of junior officers who were present. With Than Shwe now the chairman of the SLORC, astrologer U Nyan Zaw's prediction that he would one day become king of Burma was looking less like a joke and more like a prescient prediction. But there was still an ongoing power struggle between Than Shwe and Khin Nyunt which neither could display in public". The Irrawaddy.
Aung Zaw (5 March 2019). "For U Shwe Mann, Enemies Lurk Everywhere". The Irrawaddy.
"Than Shwe's Ex-Aide Under Investigation in Naypyidaw". The Irrawaddy. 15 August 2013.
"Than Shwe was slowly, steadily and mostly anonymously working his way up the regime hierarchy". The Irrawaddy. 28 March 2013.
"Junta Arrests Son-in-Law of Ex-Myanmar Leader for 'Damaging State Peace and Stability'". The Irrawaddy. 25 October 2024.
"Charity Leader Arrested in Junta Raid in Mandalay". The Irrawaddy. 31 October 2024.

irrawaddy.org

"Junta Chiefs Resign in Military Reshuffle". The Irrawaddy News. 27 August 2010. Archived from the original on 31 December 2010.
"Than Shwe's Dynastic Family Dream on Parade at State Function". Irrawaddy.org. 18 December 2008. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
"Than Shwe Watch". Irrawaddy.org. 10 March 2009. Archived from the original on 2 March 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2011.

irrawaddymedia.com

WAI MOE (17 February 2011). "Than Shwe Skirts the Issue". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2011.

jurist.org

"Myanmar forces arrest son-in-law of country's former military ruler". Jurist (website). 28 October 2024.

mfa.gov.cn

"During his visit to Myanmar, Qin Gang also met with former Chairman of the Myanmar State Peace and Development Council Than Shwe". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. 3 May 2023.

myanmar-now.org

Sa Tun, Aung (26 October 2023). "How a protected coastline became the private property of Than Shwe's daughters". Myanmar Now.
"Son-in-law of former Myanmar leader arrested for criticising current regime". Myanmar NOW. 25 October 2024.

narinjara.com

"Junta Arrests Dr. Nay Soe Maung, Son-in-Law of Former Military Leader Than Shwe". Narinjara News. 26 October 2024.

nationalarchives.gov.uk

webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk

"Consolidated List Of Financial Sanctions Targets In The UK". Hm-treasury.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 13 March 2011.

nationthailand.com

"Son-in-law of former Senior General Than Shwe detained". The Nation (Thailand). 26 October 2024.

nbcnews.com

"Myanmar's military figure known as 'the bulldog'". NBC News. 2 October 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2024.

newindianexpress.com

newint.org

nhregister.com

"The son-in-law of former Myanmar's strongman is arrested over Facebook posts". New Haven Register. 25 October 2024.

npr.org

"Myanmar's Ghost Capital Rises From The Jungle. That leader, Senior General Than Shwe, stepped down this year — in theory, at least — but the city he ordered built is almost finished". NPR. 18 November 2011.

nytimes.com

Alex Williams (4 May 2008). "But the campaign's success may depend less on Hollywood and more on whether it can clearly convey the complex, closed world of Myanmar politics. The government, led since 1992 by Senior General Than Shwe, tightly controls the press and visitors are rarely permitted in". The New York Times.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

"This political transition was a top-down approach, initiated and implemented by the regime—particularly by Than Shwe's successor, President Thein Sein, along with the vital participation of Aung San Suu Kyi in the latter stages of reform". Oxford Academic.

outsideonline.com

Patrick Symmes (28 July 2008). "The Generals in Their Labyrinth". Outside Magazine.

reuters.com

"Senior General Than Shwe, the Burmese military's 'old fox'". Reuters. 4 October 2007.

rfa.org

"Relative of Myanmar's ex-leader arrested over social media posts". Radio Free Asia. 25 October 2024.

sciencespo.fr

Egreteau, Renaud (19 October 2009). "Born in February 1933, Senior-General Than Shwe has been the leader of the Burmese junta since 1992". SciencesPo.
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southeastasiaglobe.com

"Whatever happened to the leader of Myanmar Senior General Than Shwe?". Southeast Asia Globe.

straitstimes.com

"The Myanmar authorities have arrested a former military officer and son-in-law of a former junta chief for Facebook posts that threatened "peace and stability", the junta said". The Straits Times. 25 October 2024.

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John Aglionby (13 February 2001). "War of blame after Thai-Burmese border clashes". The Guardian.
Matt Kennard, Claire Provost (19 March 2015). "Burma's bizarre capital: a super-sized slice of post-apocalypse suburbia". The Guardian.
"When Senior General Than Shwe began the relocation of Burma's administrative capital to Naypyidaw - the 'Abode of the Gods' - in November 2005 the move was put down by some to folly and superstition. The reality, however, of the relocation of Burma's ministries and military headquarters to this area of tropical scrub, 200 miles distant from Rangoon, was more prosaic". The Guardian. 30 September 2007.
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Justin McCurry (4 January 2010). "Burma's leader announces first elections since 1990". The Guardian.
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Cropley, Ed (2 November 2006). "Lavish Myanmar junta wedding video sparks outrage". The Star Online. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 8 March 2008.

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"Biography of Than Shwe, Burmese senior general". ThoughtCo. Retrieved 19 February 2024.

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Robert, Horn (11 April 2011). "Is Burma's leader Than Shwe Really Retiring?". TIME Magazine.

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"၂၀၁၅ အထွေထွေ ရွေးကောက်ပွဲ မဲဆန္ဒရှင်စာရင်း (Voter list)" (Press release). Union Election Commission. 14 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.

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Bill, Ide (23 November 2011). "Burmese Press Mention 'Retired' Former Leader Than Shwe". Voice of America News.

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"Myanmar's state-run media say security forces have arrested the son-in-law of the country's former longtime military ruler, Than Shwe, for allegedly posting inflammatory statements on his Facebook account". WDRB. 25 October 2024.

web.archive.org

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