Thunderstorm (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Thunderstorm" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

32web.archive.org

1^st place

23noaa.gov

212^th place

172^nd place

19doi.org

2^nd place

14harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

9semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

9allenpress.com

4,512^th place

4,202^nd place

6nih.gov

4^th place

4archive.org

6^th place

4books.google.com

3^rd place

3confex.com

6,094^th place

4,186^th place

2weather.gov

1,128^th place

711^th place

2uiuc.edu

3,087^th place

2,519^th place

2ofcm.gov

low place

2colostate.edu

3,616^th place

2,556^th place

2nasa.gov

75^th place

83^rd place

2ucar.edu

7,843^rd place

5,892^nd place

2ou.edu

5,878^th place

4,074^th place

1britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

1metoffice.gov.uk

2,735^th place

2,066^th place

1eiu.edu

low place

1zamg.ac.at

low place

1zenodo.org

621^st place

380^th place

1syr.edu

3,753^rd place

2,311^th place

1pilotsweb.com

low place

1hko.gov.hk

5,019^th place

8,922^nd place

1ec.gc.ca

6,416^th place

4,792^nd place

1arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

1inist.fr

2,854^th place

3,669^th place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

1umd.edu

1,747^th place

1,277^th place

1uwyo.edu

low place

7,278^th place

1tintagelweb.co.uk

low place

1ufl.edu

921^st place

644^th place

1hughston.com

low place

1epa.gov

882^nd place

600^th place

1ga.gov.au

5,437^th place

4,532^nd place

1cocorahs.org

low place

1aviationweather.ws

low place

1telegraph.co.uk

30^th place

24^th place

1vortexengine.ca

low place

1handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

1cswr.org

low place

1torro.org.uk

low place

1sorbonne-universite.fr

low place

1redcross.org

low place

1ready.gov

low place

1fema.gov

6,922^nd place

4,361^st place

1latimes.com

22^nd place

19^th place

1sky-fire.tv

low place

1discovery.com

1,299^th place

903^rd place

1spaceref.com

8,446^th place

6,634^th place

1vortex2.org

low place

1christianitytoday.com

2,002^nd place

1,199^th place

allenpress.com

amsglossary.allenpress.com

Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Squall line". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Prefrontal squall line". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Bow echo". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). Line echo wave pattern. American Meteorological Society. ISBN 978-1-878220-34-9. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). Heat burst. American Meteorological Society. ISBN 978-1-878220-34-9. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Mesoscale convective system". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 27 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Hailstorm". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
"Waterspout". American Meteorological Society. 2009. Archived from the original on 20 June 2008. Retrieved 11 September 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Flash Flood". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 9 September 2009.

archive.org

Albert Irvin Frye (1913). Civil engineers' pocket book: a reference-book for engineers, contractors. D. Van Nostrand Company. p. 462. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
Chris C. Mooney (2007). Storm world: hurricanes, politics, and the battle over global warming. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-15-101287-9. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
Michael H. Mogil (2007). Extreme Weather. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publisher. pp. 210–211. ISBN 978-1-57912-743-5.
John D. Cox (2002). Storm Watchers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-471-38108-2.

arxiv.org

Haerter, Jan O.; Meyer, Bettina; Nissen, Silas Boye (30 July 2020). "Diurnal self-aggregation". npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 3 (1): 30. arXiv:2001.04740. Bibcode:2020npCAS...3...30H. doi:10.1038/s41612-020-00132-z. S2CID 220856705.

aviationweather.ws

Federal Aviation Administration (2009). "Hazards". Retrieved 29 August 2009.

books.google.com

Yikne Deng (2005). Ancient Chinese Inventions. Chinese International Press. pp. 112–13. ISBN 978-7-5085-0837-5. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Michael Garstang; David Roy Fitzjarrald (1999). Observations of surface to atmosphere interactions in the tropics. Oxford University Press US. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-19-511270-2.
John E. Oliver (2005). Encyclopedia of World Climatology. Springer. p. 401. ISBN 978-1-4020-3264-6. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
Damon P. Coppola (2007). Introduction to international disaster management. Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-7506-7982-4.

britannica.com

"thunderstorm | Definition, Types, Structure, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 14 January 2021.

christianitytoday.com

"Martin Luther". Christian History. 8 August 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2016.

cocorahs.org

Nolan J. Doesken (April 1994). "Hail, Hail, Hail ! The Summertime Hazard of Eastern Colorado" (PDF). Colorado Climate. 17 (7). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2009.

colostate.edu

rams.atmos.colostate.edu

William R. Cotton; Susan van den Heever & Israel Jirak (2003). "Conceptual Models of Mesoscale Convective Systems: Part 9" (PDF). Colorado State University. Retrieved 23 March 2008.
William R. Cotton; Susan van den Heever & Israel Jirak (Fall 2003). "Conceptual Models of Mesoscale Convective Systems: Part 9" (PDF). Retrieved 23 March 2008.

confex.com

ams.confex.com

Lance F. Bosart & Thomas J. Galarneau Jr. (2005). "3.5 The Influence of the Great Lakes on Warm Season Weather Systems During BAMEX" (PDF). 6th American Meteorological Society Coastal Meteorology Conference. Retrieved 15 June 2009.
Charles H. Paxton; J. Colson & N. Carlisle (2008). "P2.13 Florida lightning deaths and injuries 2004–2007". American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
Peter P. Neilley & R. B. Bent (2009). "An Overview of the United States Precision Lightning Network (USPLN)". American Meteorological Society Fourth Conference on the Meteorological Applications of Lightning Data. Retrieved 9 September 2009.

cswr.org

"Doppler On Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. 2006. Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 29 December 2006.

discovery.com

news.discovery.com

Ouellette, Jennifer (13 January 2011). "Fermi Spots Antimatter in Thunderstorms". Discovery News. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2011.

doi.org

David O. Blanchard (September 1998). "Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy". Weather and Forecasting. 13 (3). American Meteorological Society: 870–7. Bibcode:1998WtFor..13..870B. doi:10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0870:ATVDOC>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 124375544.
Maddox R.A., Chappell C.F., Hoxit L.R. (1979). "Synoptic and meso-α scale aspects of flash flood events". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 60 (2): 115–123. Bibcode:1979BAMS...60..115M. doi:10.1175/1520-0477-60.2.115.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Haerter, Jan O.; Meyer, Bettina; Nissen, Silas Boye (30 July 2020). "Diurnal self-aggregation". npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 3 (1): 30. arXiv:2001.04740. Bibcode:2020npCAS...3...30H. doi:10.1038/s41612-020-00132-z. S2CID 220856705.
C. Morel & S. Senesi (2002). "A climatology of mesoscale convective systems over Europe using satellite infrared imagery II: Characteristics of European mesoscale convective systems". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 128 (584): 1973. Bibcode:2002QJRMS.128.1973M. doi:10.1256/003590002320603494. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 120021136. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
Semyon A. Grodsky & James A. Carton (15 February 2003). "The Intertropical Convergence Zone in the South Atlantic and the Equatorial Cold Tongue" (PDF). Journal of Climate. 16 (4). University of Maryland, College Park: 723. Bibcode:2003JCli...16..723G. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0723:TICZIT>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 10083024. Retrieved 5 June 2009.
Jayesh Phadtare (2018). "Role of Eastern Ghats Orography and Cold Pool in an Extreme Rainfall Event over Chennai on 1 December 2015". Monthly Weather Review. 146 (4). American Meteorological Society.: 943–965. Bibcode:2018MWRv..146..943P. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0473.1.
Scott, A (2000). "The Pre-Quaternary history of fire". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 164 (1–4): 281. Bibcode:2000PPP...164..281S. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00192-9.
G. E. Likens; W. C. Keene; J. M. Miller & J. N. Galloway (1987). "Chemistry of precipitation from a remote, terrestrial site in Australia". Journal of Geophysical Research. 92 (13): 299–314. Bibcode:1987JGR....92..299R. doi:10.1029/JA092iA01p00299.
Joel S. Levine; Tommy R. Augustsson; Iris C. Andersont; James M. Hoell Jr. & Dana A. Brewer (1984). "Tropospheric sources of NOx: Lightning and biology". Atmospheric Environment. 18 (9): 1797–1804. Bibcode:1984AtmEn..18.1797L. doi:10.1016/0004-6981(84)90355-X. PMID 11540827.
Dongxia Liu; Guili Feng & Shujun Wu (February 2009). "The characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning activity in hailstorms over northern China". Atmospheric Research. 91 (2–4): 459–465. Bibcode:2009AtmRe..91..459L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.06.016.
Damir Počakal; Željko Večenaj & Janez Štalec (2009). "Hail characteristics of different regions in continental part of Croatia based on influence of orography". Atmospheric Research. 93 (1–3): 516. Bibcode:2009AtmRe..93..516P. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.10.017.
Knight C. A., Knight N.C. (2005). "Very Large Hailstones From Aurora, Nebraska". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 86 (12): 1773–1781. Bibcode:2005BAMS...86.1773K. doi:10.1175/bams-86-12-1773.
Renno, Nilton O. (August 2008). "A thermodynamically general theory for convective vortices" (PDF). Tellus A. 60 (4): 688–99. Bibcode:2008TellA..60..688R. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00331.x. hdl:2027.42/73164.
Suphioglu C (1998). "Thunderstorm Asthma Due to Grass Pollen". Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 116 (4): 253–260. doi:10.1159/000023953. PMID 9693274. S2CID 46754817.
Taylor P.E., Jonsson H. (2004). "Thunderstorm asthma". Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 4 (5): 409–13. doi:10.1007/s11882-004-0092-3. PMID 15283882. S2CID 19351066.
Dabrera G, Murray V, Emberlin J, Ayres JG, Collier C, Clewlow Y, Sachon P (March 2013). "Thunderstorm asthma: an overview of the evidence base and implications for public health advice". QJM. 106 (3): 207–17. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcs234. PMID 23275386.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
D'Amato G, Vitale C, D'Amato M, Cecchi L, Liccardi G, Molino A, Vatrella A, Sanduzzi A, Maesano C, Annesi-Maesano I (March 2016). "Thunderstorm-related asthma: what happens and why" (PDF). Clin Exp Allergy. 46 (3): 390–6. doi:10.1111/cea.12709. PMID 26765082. S2CID 12571515.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Kerr, Richard A. (2000). "Deep, Moist Heat Drives Jovian Weather". Science. 287 (5455): 946–947. doi:10.1126/science.287.5455.946b. S2CID 129284864.
Russell, S. T.; Zhang, T.L.; Delva, M.; et al. (2007). "Lightning on Venus inferred from whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere". Nature. 450 (7170): 661–662. Bibcode:2007Natur.450..661R. doi:10.1038/nature05930. PMID 18046401. S2CID 4418778.

ec.gc.ca

on.ec.gc.ca

Environment Canada Ontario Region (24 May 2005). "Fact Sheet – Summer Severe Weather Warnings". Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.

eiu.edu

ux1.eiu.edu

"Thunderstorms and Tornadoes". www.ux1.eiu.edu. Retrieved 14 January 2021.

epa.gov

Office of Air and Radiation Clean Air Markets Division (1 December 2008). "Effects of Acid Rain – Surface Waters and own Aquatic Animals". United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 5 September 2009.

fema.gov

Federal Emergency Management Agency. "What to Do Before a Thunderstorm". US Department of Homeland Security. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.

ga.gov.au

Geoscience Australia (4 September 2007). "Where does severe weather occur?". Commonwealth of Australia. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2009.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Renno, Nilton O. (August 2008). "A thermodynamically general theory for convective vortices" (PDF). Tellus A. 60 (4): 688–99. Bibcode:2008TellA..60..688R. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00331.x. hdl:2027.42/73164.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

David O. Blanchard (September 1998). "Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy". Weather and Forecasting. 13 (3). American Meteorological Society: 870–7. Bibcode:1998WtFor..13..870B. doi:10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0870:ATVDOC>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 124375544.
Maddox R.A., Chappell C.F., Hoxit L.R. (1979). "Synoptic and meso-α scale aspects of flash flood events". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 60 (2): 115–123. Bibcode:1979BAMS...60..115M. doi:10.1175/1520-0477-60.2.115.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Haerter, Jan O.; Meyer, Bettina; Nissen, Silas Boye (30 July 2020). "Diurnal self-aggregation". npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 3 (1): 30. arXiv:2001.04740. Bibcode:2020npCAS...3...30H. doi:10.1038/s41612-020-00132-z. S2CID 220856705.
C. Morel & S. Senesi (2002). "A climatology of mesoscale convective systems over Europe using satellite infrared imagery II: Characteristics of European mesoscale convective systems". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 128 (584): 1973. Bibcode:2002QJRMS.128.1973M. doi:10.1256/003590002320603494. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 120021136. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
Semyon A. Grodsky & James A. Carton (15 February 2003). "The Intertropical Convergence Zone in the South Atlantic and the Equatorial Cold Tongue" (PDF). Journal of Climate. 16 (4). University of Maryland, College Park: 723. Bibcode:2003JCli...16..723G. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0723:TICZIT>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 10083024. Retrieved 5 June 2009.
Jayesh Phadtare (2018). "Role of Eastern Ghats Orography and Cold Pool in an Extreme Rainfall Event over Chennai on 1 December 2015". Monthly Weather Review. 146 (4). American Meteorological Society.: 943–965. Bibcode:2018MWRv..146..943P. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-16-0473.1.
Scott, A (2000). "The Pre-Quaternary history of fire". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 164 (1–4): 281. Bibcode:2000PPP...164..281S. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00192-9.
G. E. Likens; W. C. Keene; J. M. Miller & J. N. Galloway (1987). "Chemistry of precipitation from a remote, terrestrial site in Australia". Journal of Geophysical Research. 92 (13): 299–314. Bibcode:1987JGR....92..299R. doi:10.1029/JA092iA01p00299.
Joel S. Levine; Tommy R. Augustsson; Iris C. Andersont; James M. Hoell Jr. & Dana A. Brewer (1984). "Tropospheric sources of NOx: Lightning and biology". Atmospheric Environment. 18 (9): 1797–1804. Bibcode:1984AtmEn..18.1797L. doi:10.1016/0004-6981(84)90355-X. PMID 11540827.
Dongxia Liu; Guili Feng & Shujun Wu (February 2009). "The characteristics of cloud-to-ground lightning activity in hailstorms over northern China". Atmospheric Research. 91 (2–4): 459–465. Bibcode:2009AtmRe..91..459L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.06.016.
Damir Počakal; Željko Večenaj & Janez Štalec (2009). "Hail characteristics of different regions in continental part of Croatia based on influence of orography". Atmospheric Research. 93 (1–3): 516. Bibcode:2009AtmRe..93..516P. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.10.017.
Knight C. A., Knight N.C. (2005). "Very Large Hailstones From Aurora, Nebraska". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 86 (12): 1773–1781. Bibcode:2005BAMS...86.1773K. doi:10.1175/bams-86-12-1773.
Renno, Nilton O. (August 2008). "A thermodynamically general theory for convective vortices" (PDF). Tellus A. 60 (4): 688–99. Bibcode:2008TellA..60..688R. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00331.x. hdl:2027.42/73164.
Russell, S. T.; Zhang, T.L.; Delva, M.; et al. (2007). "Lightning on Venus inferred from whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere". Nature. 450 (7170): 661–662. Bibcode:2007Natur.450..661R. doi:10.1038/nature05930. PMID 18046401. S2CID 4418778.

hko.gov.hk

"Squall lines and "Shi Hu Feng" – what you want to know about the violent squalls hitting Hong Kong on 9 May 2005". Hong Kong Observatory. 17 June 2005. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2006.

hughston.com

Bruce Getz & Kelli Bowermeister (9 January 2009). "Lightning and Its Hazards". Hughston Sports Medicine Foundation. Archived from the original on 24 January 2010. Retrieved 9 September 2009.

inist.fr

cat.inist.fr

C. Morel & S. Senesi (2002). "A climatology of mesoscale convective systems over Europe using satellite infrared imagery II: Characteristics of European mesoscale convective systems". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 128 (584): 1973. Bibcode:2002QJRMS.128.1973M. doi:10.1256/003590002320603494. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 120021136. Retrieved 2 March 2008.

latimes.com

"You're not safer crouching: Six things you didn't know about lightning". LA Times. Retrieved 20 August 2014.

metoffice.gov.uk

"Cumulonimbus clouds". Met Office. Retrieved 14 January 2021.

nasa.gov

Garner, Rob (26 June 2015). "Fermi Catches Antimatter-Hurling Storms". nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
Watanabe, Susan, ed. (25 February 2006). "Surprising Jupiter: Busy Galileo spacecraft showed jovian system is full of surprises". NASA. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2007.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Joel S. Levine; Tommy R. Augustsson; Iris C. Andersont; James M. Hoell Jr. & Dana A. Brewer (1984). "Tropospheric sources of NOx: Lightning and biology". Atmospheric Environment. 18 (9): 1797–1804. Bibcode:1984AtmEn..18.1797L. doi:10.1016/0004-6981(84)90355-X. PMID 11540827.
Suphioglu C (1998). "Thunderstorm Asthma Due to Grass Pollen". Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 116 (4): 253–260. doi:10.1159/000023953. PMID 9693274. S2CID 46754817.
Taylor P.E., Jonsson H. (2004). "Thunderstorm asthma". Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 4 (5): 409–13. doi:10.1007/s11882-004-0092-3. PMID 15283882. S2CID 19351066.
Dabrera G, Murray V, Emberlin J, Ayres JG, Collier C, Clewlow Y, Sachon P (March 2013). "Thunderstorm asthma: an overview of the evidence base and implications for public health advice". QJM. 106 (3): 207–17. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcs234. PMID 23275386.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
D'Amato G, Vitale C, D'Amato M, Cecchi L, Liccardi G, Molino A, Vatrella A, Sanduzzi A, Maesano C, Annesi-Maesano I (March 2016). "Thunderstorm-related asthma: what happens and why" (PDF). Clin Exp Allergy. 46 (3): 390–6. doi:10.1111/cea.12709. PMID 26765082. S2CID 12571515.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Russell, S. T.; Zhang, T.L.; Delva, M.; et al. (2007). "Lightning on Venus inferred from whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere". Nature. 450 (7170): 661–662. Bibcode:2007Natur.450..661R. doi:10.1038/nature05930. PMID 18046401. S2CID 4418778.

noaa.gov

crh.noaa.gov

Jon W. Zeitler & Matthew J. Bunkers (March 2005). "Operational Forecasting of Supercell Motion: Review and Case Studies Using Multiple Datasets" (PDF). National Weather Service Forecast Office, Riverton, Wyoming. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
Kim Runk (2009). 1" Hail (.wmv). Silver Spring, Maryland: NOAA.
National Weather Service Forecast Office, Rapid City, South Dakota (15 May 2007). "The Rapid City Flood of 1972". National Weather Service Central Region Headquarters. Retrieved 3 September 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"Hallam Nebraska Tornado". Omaha/Valley, NE Weather Forecast Office. 2 October 2005. Retrieved 8 September 2006.
National Weather Service. "Flash Flood". NOAA. Retrieved 23 August 2011.

srh.noaa.gov

National Weather Service (1 September 2009). "Types of Thunderstorms". National Weather Service Southern Region Headquarters. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
National Weather Service. "Flood Products: What Do They Mean?". NOAA. Retrieved 23 August 2011.
National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office. "Thunderstorm". Severe Weather Preparedness Information. Albuquerque, NM: NOAA. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
"NWS JetStream – Lightning Frequently Asked Questions". Srh.noaa.gov. 28 June 2014. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
National Weather Service JetStream (8 October 2008). "Tropical Cyclone Hazards". National Weather Service Southern Region Headquarters. Retrieved 30 August 2009.

spc.noaa.gov

Stephen F. Corfidi; Jeffry S. Evans & Robert H. Johns (2015). "About Derechos". Storm Prediction Center, NCEP, NWS, NOAA Web Site. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
Stephen Corfidi (4 February 2015). "MCS Movement and Behavior (PowerPoint)". National Weather Service, Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
Edwards, Roger (4 April 2006). "The Online Tornado FAQ". Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved 8 September 2006.
Storm Prediction Center. "Enhanced F Scale for Tornado Damage". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 21 June 2009.

nssl.noaa.gov

National Severe Storms Laboratory. "SEVERE WEATHER 101 / Thunderstorm Basics". SEVERE WEATHER 101. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
"Thunderstorm Basics". NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
National Severe Storms Laboratory (15 October 2006). "A Severe Weather Primer: Questions and Answers about Thunderstorms". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 25 August 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.

erh.noaa.gov

National Weather Service Forecast Office, Burlington, Vermont (3 February 2009). "15 January 2009: Lake Champlain Sea Smoke, Steam Devils, and Waterspout: Chapters IV and V". Eastern Region Headquarters. Retrieved 21 June 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
National Weather Service Forecast Office Columbia, South Carolina (27 January 2009). "Downbursts..." National Weather Service Eastern Region Headquarters. Retrieved 9 September 2009.

noaa.gov

"Lightning FAQ". JetStream. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

wrh.noaa.gov

National Weather Service Forecast Office, Phoenix, Arizona (7 April 2009). "New Hail Criteria". Retrieved 3 September 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

lightningsafety.noaa.gov

"NWS Lightning Safety Myths". Lightningsafety.noaa.gov. 30 June 2014. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2014.

wpc.ncep.noaa.gov

David Roth. "Unified Surface Analysis Manual" (PDF). Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Retrieved 22 October 2006.

ofcm.gov

Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology (2008). "Chapter 2: Definitions" (PDF). NOAA. pp. 2–1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology (7 June 2001). "National Severe Local Storms Operations Plan – Chapter 2" (PDF). Department of Commerce. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 23 August 2006.

ou.edu

weather.ou.edu

University of Oklahoma (2004). "The Norwegian Cyclone Model" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 17 May 2007.

cimms.ou.edu

Alan Moller (5 March 2003). "Storm Chase Ethics". Retrieved 9 September 2009.

pilotsweb.com

Pilot's Web The Aviator's Journal (13 June 2009). "Structural Icing in VMC". Archived from the original on 19 August 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2009.

ready.gov

Federal Emergency Management Agency. "Thunderstorms and Lightning". Ready. US Department of Homeland Security. Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.

redcross.org

American Red Cross. "Thunderstorm Safety Checklist" (PDF). American Red Cross. Retrieved 24 August 2011.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

David O. Blanchard (September 1998). "Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy". Weather and Forecasting. 13 (3). American Meteorological Society: 870–7. Bibcode:1998WtFor..13..870B. doi:10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0870:ATVDOC>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 124375544.
Haerter, Jan O.; Meyer, Bettina; Nissen, Silas Boye (30 July 2020). "Diurnal self-aggregation". npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. 3 (1): 30. arXiv:2001.04740. Bibcode:2020npCAS...3...30H. doi:10.1038/s41612-020-00132-z. S2CID 220856705.
C. Morel & S. Senesi (2002). "A climatology of mesoscale convective systems over Europe using satellite infrared imagery II: Characteristics of European mesoscale convective systems". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 128 (584): 1973. Bibcode:2002QJRMS.128.1973M. doi:10.1256/003590002320603494. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 120021136. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
Semyon A. Grodsky & James A. Carton (15 February 2003). "The Intertropical Convergence Zone in the South Atlantic and the Equatorial Cold Tongue" (PDF). Journal of Climate. 16 (4). University of Maryland, College Park: 723. Bibcode:2003JCli...16..723G. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0723:TICZIT>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 10083024. Retrieved 5 June 2009.
Suphioglu C (1998). "Thunderstorm Asthma Due to Grass Pollen". Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 116 (4): 253–260. doi:10.1159/000023953. PMID 9693274. S2CID 46754817.
Taylor P.E., Jonsson H. (2004). "Thunderstorm asthma". Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 4 (5): 409–13. doi:10.1007/s11882-004-0092-3. PMID 15283882. S2CID 19351066.
D'Amato G, Vitale C, D'Amato M, Cecchi L, Liccardi G, Molino A, Vatrella A, Sanduzzi A, Maesano C, Annesi-Maesano I (March 2016). "Thunderstorm-related asthma: what happens and why" (PDF). Clin Exp Allergy. 46 (3): 390–6. doi:10.1111/cea.12709. PMID 26765082. S2CID 12571515.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Kerr, Richard A. (2000). "Deep, Moist Heat Drives Jovian Weather". Science. 287 (5455): 946–947. doi:10.1126/science.287.5455.946b. S2CID 129284864.
Russell, S. T.; Zhang, T.L.; Delva, M.; et al. (2007). "Lightning on Venus inferred from whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere". Nature. 450 (7170): 661–662. Bibcode:2007Natur.450..661R. doi:10.1038/nature05930. PMID 18046401. S2CID 4418778.

sky-fire.tv

"How many thunderstorms occur each year?". Thunderstorms. Sky Fire Productions. Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2006.

sorbonne-universite.fr

hal.sorbonne-universite.fr

D'Amato G, Vitale C, D'Amato M, Cecchi L, Liccardi G, Molino A, Vatrella A, Sanduzzi A, Maesano C, Annesi-Maesano I (March 2016). "Thunderstorm-related asthma: what happens and why" (PDF). Clin Exp Allergy. 46 (3): 390–6. doi:10.1111/cea.12709. PMID 26765082. S2CID 12571515.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

spaceref.com

Florida Institute of Technology (2 June 2009). "Scientists use high-energy particles from space to probe thunderstorms". Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2009.

syr.edu

physics.syr.edu

Gianfranco Vidali (2009). "Rough Values of Various Processes". Syracuse University. Archived from the original on 15 March 2010. Retrieved 31 August 2009.

telegraph.co.uk

David Orr (7 November 2004). "Giant hail killed more than 200 in Himalayas". Telegraph Group Unlimited via the Internet Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on 3 December 2005. Retrieved 28 August 2009.

tintagelweb.co.uk

David Flower (9 February 2008). "Boscastle Flood 2004". Tintagel – King Arthur Country. Retrieved 3 September 2009.

torro.org.uk

Dr. Terence Meaden (2004). "Wind Scales: Beaufort, T – Scale, and Fujita's Scale". Tornado and Storm Research Organisation. Archived from the original on 30 April 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2009.

ucar.edu

scied.ucar.edu

"Thunderstorms | UCAR Center for Science Education". scied.ucar.edu. Retrieved 14 January 2021.

ucar.edu

Rene Munoz (2 June 2000). "Fact Sheet on Hail". University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Archived from the original on 15 October 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2009.

ufl.edu

plaza.ufl.edu

Vladimir A. Rakov (1999). "Lightning Makes Glass". University of Florida, Gainesville. Retrieved 7 November 2007.

uiuc.edu

ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu

The Weather World 2010 Project (3 September 2009). "Vertical Wind Shear". University of Illinois. Retrieved 21 October 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"Supercell Thunderstorms". Weather World 2010 Project. University of Illinois. 4 October 1999. Retrieved 23 August 2006.

umd.edu

atmos.umd.edu

Semyon A. Grodsky & James A. Carton (15 February 2003). "The Intertropical Convergence Zone in the South Atlantic and the Equatorial Cold Tongue" (PDF). Journal of Climate. 16 (4). University of Maryland, College Park: 723. Bibcode:2003JCli...16..723G. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0723:TICZIT>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 10083024. Retrieved 5 June 2009.

uwyo.edu

www-das.uwyo.edu

B. Geerts (1998). "Lake Effect Snow". University of Wyoming. Retrieved 24 December 2008.

vortex2.org

VORTEX2 (2009). "What is VORTEX2?". Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

vortexengine.ca

Renno, Nilton O. (August 2008). "A thermodynamically general theory for convective vortices" (PDF). Tellus A. 60 (4): 688–99. Bibcode:2008TellA..60..688R. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2008.00331.x. hdl:2027.42/73164.

weather.gov

"Weather Glossary – T". National Weather Service. 21 April 2005. Retrieved 23 August 2006.
National Weather Service (21 April 2005). "Weather Glossary – S". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 17 June 2007.

web.archive.org

National Severe Storms Laboratory (15 October 2006). "A Severe Weather Primer: Questions and Answers about Thunderstorms". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 25 August 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
Gianfranco Vidali (2009). "Rough Values of Various Processes". Syracuse University. Archived from the original on 15 March 2010. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
Pilot's Web The Aviator's Journal (13 June 2009). "Structural Icing in VMC". Archived from the original on 19 August 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Squall line". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Prefrontal squall line". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
University of Oklahoma (2004). "The Norwegian Cyclone Model" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 September 2006. Retrieved 17 May 2007.
Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology (2008). "Chapter 2: Definitions" (PDF). NOAA. pp. 2–1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Bow echo". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). Line echo wave pattern. American Meteorological Society. ISBN 978-1-878220-34-9. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 3 May 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). Heat burst. American Meteorological Society. ISBN 978-1-878220-34-9. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 14 June 2009.
"Squall lines and "Shi Hu Feng" – what you want to know about the violent squalls hitting Hong Kong on 9 May 2005". Hong Kong Observatory. 17 June 2005. Archived from the original on 25 October 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2006.
Environment Canada Ontario Region (24 May 2005). "Fact Sheet – Summer Severe Weather Warnings". Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 3 September 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Mesoscale convective system". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 27 June 2009.
Bruce Getz & Kelli Bowermeister (9 January 2009). "Lightning and Its Hazards". Hughston Sports Medicine Foundation. Archived from the original on 24 January 2010. Retrieved 9 September 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Hailstorm". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
Geoscience Australia (4 September 2007). "Where does severe weather occur?". Commonwealth of Australia. Archived from the original on 21 June 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
Rene Munoz (2 June 2000). "Fact Sheet on Hail". University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Archived from the original on 15 October 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
Nolan J. Doesken (April 1994). "Hail, Hail, Hail ! The Summertime Hazard of Eastern Colorado" (PDF). Colorado Climate. 17 (7). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
David Orr (7 November 2004). "Giant hail killed more than 200 in Himalayas". Telegraph Group Unlimited via the Internet Wayback Machine. Archived from the original on 3 December 2005. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
"Doppler On Wheels". Center for Severe Weather Research. 2006. Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 29 December 2006.
Dr. Terence Meaden (2004). "Wind Scales: Beaufort, T – Scale, and Fujita's Scale". Tornado and Storm Research Organisation. Archived from the original on 30 April 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2009.
"Waterspout". American Meteorological Society. 2009. Archived from the original on 20 June 2008. Retrieved 11 September 2009.
Glossary of Meteorology (2009). "Flash Flood". American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 9 September 2009.
Federal Emergency Management Agency. "Thunderstorms and Lightning". Ready. US Department of Homeland Security. Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
Federal Emergency Management Agency. "What to Do Before a Thunderstorm". US Department of Homeland Security. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
"NWS Lightning Safety Myths". Lightningsafety.noaa.gov. 30 June 2014. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
"How many thunderstorms occur each year?". Thunderstorms. Sky Fire Productions. Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. Retrieved 23 August 2006.
Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology (7 June 2001). "National Severe Local Storms Operations Plan – Chapter 2" (PDF). Department of Commerce. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 23 August 2006.
Ouellette, Jennifer (13 January 2011). "Fermi Spots Antimatter in Thunderstorms". Discovery News. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
Florida Institute of Technology (2 June 2009). "Scientists use high-energy particles from space to probe thunderstorms". Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2009.
VORTEX2 (2009). "What is VORTEX2?". Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Watanabe, Susan, ed. (25 February 2006). "Surprising Jupiter: Busy Galileo spacecraft showed jovian system is full of surprises". NASA. Archived from the original on 8 October 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2007.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

C. Morel & S. Senesi (2002). "A climatology of mesoscale convective systems over Europe using satellite infrared imagery II: Characteristics of European mesoscale convective systems". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. 128 (584): 1973. Bibcode:2002QJRMS.128.1973M. doi:10.1256/003590002320603494. ISSN 0035-9009. S2CID 120021136. Retrieved 2 March 2008.

zamg.ac.at

FMI (2007). "Fog And Stratus – Meteorological Physical Background". Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik. Retrieved 7 February 2009.

zenodo.org

David O. Blanchard (September 1998). "Assessing the Vertical Distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy". Weather and Forecasting. 13 (3). American Meteorological Society: 870–7. Bibcode:1998WtFor..13..870B. doi:10.1175/1520-0434(1998)013<0870:ATVDOC>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 124375544.