Time standard (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Time standard" in English language version.

Last modified: 03:40:50, 18 August 2026 (UTC)

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109web.archive.org

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87navy.mil

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44bipm.org

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adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Markowitz, W.; Hall, R. Glenn; Essen, L.; Parry, J. V. L. (1958-08-01). "Frequency of Cesium in Terms of Ephemeris Time". Physical Review Letters. 1 (3): 105–107. Bibcode:1958PhRvL...1..105M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.1.105. ISSN 0031-9007.
Brumberg, V. A.; Kopejkin, S. M. (1990). "Relativistic time scales in the solar system". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 48 (1): 23–44. Bibcode:1990CeMDA..48...23B. doi:10.1007/BF00050674. ISSN 0923-2958.

adsabs.harvard.edu

See H A Harvey, "The Simpler Aspects of Celestial Mechanics", in Popular Astronomy 44 (1936), 533-541.

articles.adsabs.harvard.edu

P K Seidelmann & T Fukushima (1992), "Why new time scales?", Astronomy & Astrophysics vol.265 (1992), pages 833-838, including Fig. 1 at p.835, a graph giving an overview of the rate differences and offsets between various standard time scales, present and past, defined by the IAU.

bipm.org (Global: 1,781^st place; English: 2,481^st place)

bipm.org

"SI Brochure (2006)" (PDF). SI Brochure 8th Edition. BIPM. p. 112. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 3, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
TAI
"BIPM - clock comparisons". Archived from the original on 2019-08-10.

webtai.bipm.org

"Index of /FTP/Pub/Tai/Ttbipm".

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

A E Roy, D Clarke, 'Astronomy: Principles and Practice' (4th edition, 2003) at p.89.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Markowitz, W.; Hall, R. Glenn; Essen, L.; Parry, J. V. L. (1958-08-01). "Frequency of Cesium in Terms of Ephemeris Time". Physical Review Letters. 1 (3): 105–107. Bibcode:1958PhRvL...1..105M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.1.105. ISSN 0031-9007.
Brumberg, V. A.; Kopejkin, S. M. (1990). "Relativistic time scales in the solar system". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 48 (1): 23–44. Bibcode:1990CeMDA..48...23B. doi:10.1007/BF00050674. ISSN 0923-2958.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

"IAU 2006 Resolution B3: Re-definition of Barycentric Dynamical Time, TDB" (PDF). p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 4 April 2022.

iau.org (Global: 745^th place; English: 2,951^st place)

"IAU 2006 Resolution B3: Re-definition of Barycentric Dynamical Time, TDB" (PDF). p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 4 April 2022.

iers.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"IERS - IERS Bulletins".
"IAU (1991) RECOMMENDATION III". www.iers.org. Note 1.

navy.mil (Global: 206^th place; English: 129^th place)

tycho.usno.navy.mil

U.S. Naval Observatory. "Leap Seconds". Archived from the original on 2019-10-19. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
"Leap Seconds". Time Service Department, United States Naval Observatory. Archived from the original on March 12, 2015. Retrieved November 22, 2015.
Matsakis, Demetrios. "Systems of time". Archived from the original on 2019-09-30. Retrieved 30 September 2019.

cnmoc.usff.navy.mil

"International Time Scales and the B.I.P.M. — Naval Oceanography Portal". www.cnmoc.usff.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 2022-08-19. Retrieved 2025-01-23.
"USNO GPS Time Transfer — Naval Oceanography Portal". www.cnmoc.usff.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 2022-08-19. Retrieved 2025-01-23. GPS time is automatically steered to UTC(USNO) on a daily basis to keep system time within one microsecond of UTC(USNO), but during the last several years has been within a few hundred nanoseconds.

maia.usno.navy.mil

nist.gov (Global: 708^th place; English: 742^nd place)

physics.nist.gov

"Base unit definitions: Second". NIST. Archived from the original on 17 April 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2011.

stjarnhimlen.se (Global: low place; English: low place)

Schlyter, Paul. "Time Scales: UT1, UTC, TAI, ET, TT, GPS time". www.stjarnhimlen.se. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-23. UT2 is nowadays considered obsolete.

ucolick.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

P K Seidelmann & T Fukushima (1992), "Why new time scales?", Astronomy & Astrophysics vol.265 (1992), pages 833-838, including Fig. 1 at p.835, a graph giving an overview of the rate differences and offsets between various standard time scales, present and past, defined by the IAU.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

U.S. Naval Observatory. "Leap Seconds". Archived from the original on 2019-10-19. Retrieved 19 October 2019.
"Leap Seconds". Time Service Department, United States Naval Observatory. Archived from the original on March 12, 2015. Retrieved November 22, 2015.
"SI Brochure (2006)" (PDF). SI Brochure 8th Edition. BIPM. p. 112. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 3, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
"Base unit definitions: Second". NIST. Archived from the original on 17 April 2011. Retrieved 9 April 2011.
"BIPM - clock comparisons". Archived from the original on 2019-08-10.
Matsakis, Demetrios. "Systems of time". Archived from the original on 2019-09-30. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
"International Time Scales and the B.I.P.M. — Naval Oceanography Portal". www.cnmoc.usff.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 2022-08-19. Retrieved 2025-01-23.
"USNO GPS Time Transfer — Naval Oceanography Portal". www.cnmoc.usff.navy.mil. Archived from the original on 2022-08-19. Retrieved 2025-01-23. GPS time is automatically steered to UTC(USNO) on a daily basis to keep system time within one microsecond of UTC(USNO), but during the last several years has been within a few hundred nanoseconds.
Schlyter, Paul. "Time Scales: UT1, UTC, TAI, ET, TT, GPS time". www.stjarnhimlen.se. Archived from the original on 2025-01-02. Retrieved 2025-01-23. UT2 is nowadays considered obsolete.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Markowitz, W.; Hall, R. Glenn; Essen, L.; Parry, J. V. L. (1958-08-01). "Frequency of Cesium in Terms of Ephemeris Time". Physical Review Letters. 1 (3): 105–107. Bibcode:1958PhRvL...1..105M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.1.105. ISSN 0031-9007.
Brumberg, V. A.; Kopejkin, S. M. (1990). "Relativistic time scales in the solar system". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 48 (1): 23–44. Bibcode:1990CeMDA..48...23B. doi:10.1007/BF00050674. ISSN 0923-2958.

Time standard (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

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adsabs.harvard.edu

articles.adsabs.harvard.edu

bipm.org (Global: 1,781st place; English: 2,481st place)

bipm.org

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books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)

iau.org (Global: 745th place; English: 2,951st place)

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navy.mil (Global: 206th place; English: 129th place)

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nist.gov (Global: 708th place; English: 742nd place)

physics.nist.gov

stjarnhimlen.se (Global: low place; English: low place)

ucolick.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

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adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

bipm.org (Global: 1,781^st place; English: 2,481^st place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

iau.org (Global: 745^th place; English: 2,951^st place)

navy.mil (Global: 206^th place; English: 129^th place)

nist.gov (Global: 708^th place; English: 742^nd place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)