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Kushner, David S.; Verano, John W.; Titelbaum, Anne R. (June 2018). "Trepanation Procedures/Outcomes: Comparison of Prehistoric Peru with Other Ancient, Medieval, and American Civil War Cranial Surgery". World Neurosurgery. 114: 245–51. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.143. hdl:10150/628576. ISSN1878-8769. PMID29604358. S2CID4484348.
Kushner, David S.; Verano, John W.; Titelbaum, Anne R. (June 2018). "Trepanation Procedures/Outcomes: Comparison of Prehistoric Peru with Other Ancient, Medieval, and American Civil War Cranial Surgery". World Neurosurgery. 114: 245–51. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.143. hdl:10150/628576. ISSN1878-8769. PMID29604358. S2CID4484348.
Weber, J.; A. Czarnetzki (2001). "Trepanationen im frühen Mittelalter im Südwesten von Deutschland – Indikationen, Komplikationen und Outcome". Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie (in German). 62 (1): 10–14. doi:10.1055/s-2001-16333. PMID11496341. S2CID71480502.
Kushner, David S.; Verano, John W.; Titelbaum, Anne R. (June 2018). "Trepanation Procedures/Outcomes: Comparison of Prehistoric Peru with Other Ancient, Medieval, and American Civil War Cranial Surgery". World Neurosurgery. 114: 245–51. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.143. hdl:10150/628576. ISSN1878-8769. PMID29604358. S2CID4484348.
Weber, J.; A. Czarnetzki (2001). "Trepanationen im frühen Mittelalter im Südwesten von Deutschland – Indikationen, Komplikationen und Outcome". Zentralblatt für Neurochirurgie (in German). 62 (1): 10–14. doi:10.1055/s-2001-16333. PMID11496341. S2CID71480502.
Kushner, David S.; Verano, John W.; Titelbaum, Anne R. (June 2018). "Trepanation Procedures/Outcomes: Comparison of Prehistoric Peru with Other Ancient, Medieval, and American Civil War Cranial Surgery". World Neurosurgery. 114: 245–51. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.143. hdl:10150/628576. ISSN1878-8769. PMID29604358. S2CID4484348.
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Moniz, Egas (1937). "Prefrontal Leucotomy in the Treatment of Mental Disorders". American Journal of Psychiatry. 93 (6): 1379–85. doi:10.1176/ajp.93.6.1379. ISSN0002-953X.
Kushner, David S.; Verano, John W.; Titelbaum, Anne R. (June 2018). "Trepanation Procedures/Outcomes: Comparison of Prehistoric Peru with Other Ancient, Medieval, and American Civil War Cranial Surgery". World Neurosurgery. 114: 245–51. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.143. hdl:10150/628576. ISSN1878-8769. PMID29604358. S2CID4484348.